STRESS ANALYSIS OF

BARS OF VARYING
SECTIONS
BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 STRESS ANALYSIS OF BARS OF VARYING SECTIONS
❖ Consider the following non uniform cross sections of a
member AB, BC, and CD is subjected with an axial load P
as shown in figure.
❖ The length and cross-sectional areas of each section of
bar is different and therefore stress induced, strain and
change in length too will be different for each section of
bar.
❖ Young’s modulus of elasticity of each section might be
same or different depending on the material of the each
section of bar.
❖ Axial load for each section will be same i.e. P.
❖ Determine the total change in length of the bar of
varying sections, by adding change in length of each
section of bar.
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 STRESS ANALYSIS OF BARS OF VARYING SECTIONS
❖ P = Axial Load applied on the bar
❖ 𝐴1 , 𝐴2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴3 = Area of cross section of section
1, section 2 and section 3 respectively
❖ 𝑙1 , 𝑙2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑙3 = Length of section 1, section 2 and
section 3 respectively
❖ 𝜎1 , 𝜎2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜎3 = Stress induced for the section 1,
section 2 and section 3 respectively
❖ 𝑒1 , 𝑒2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑒3 = Strain developed for the section
1, section 2 and section 3 respectively
❖ E = Young’s Modulus of the bar

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑃
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴𝐵, 𝜎1 = =
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐴1

𝑃 𝑙1
𝐸𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴𝐵, (𝛿𝑙1 ) =
𝐴1 𝐸
Similarly
𝑃
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐵𝐶, (𝜎2 ) =
𝐴2
𝑃 𝑙2
𝐸𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐵𝐶, (𝛿𝑙2 ) =
𝐴2 𝐸
Similarly
𝑃
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐶𝐷, (𝜎3 ) =
𝐴3

𝑃 𝑙3
𝐸𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐶𝐷, (𝛿𝑙3 ) =
𝐴3 𝐸
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝛿𝑙 = 𝛿𝑙1 + 𝛿𝑙2 + 𝛿𝑙3
𝑃 𝑙1 𝑃 𝑙2 𝑃 𝑙3
𝛿𝑙 = + +
𝐴1 𝐸 𝐴2 𝐸 𝐴3 𝐸

𝑃 𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙3
𝛿𝑙 = + +
𝐸 𝐴1 𝐴2 𝐴3

Let us consider that Young’s modulus of elasticity of each section is different, then the
total change in length of the bar.

𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙3
𝛿𝑙 = 𝑃 + +
𝐴1 𝐸1 𝐴2 𝐸2 𝐴3 𝐸3

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 Problem 06
A straight bar of 450 mm long is 20 mm in diameter for the first 250 mm length and
10mm diameter for the remaining length. If the bar is subjected to an axial pull of 10KN
find the extension of the bar. Take 𝐸 = 2 × 105 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 .

𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒂: 𝜑 20 𝑚𝑚 𝜑 10 𝑚𝑚
𝑃 𝑃
𝑙 = 450 𝑚𝑚 𝑑1 = 20 𝑚𝑚 𝑙1 = 250 𝑚𝑚
250 mm 200 mm
𝑑2 = 10 𝑚𝑚 𝑙2 = 200 𝑚𝑚
𝑃 = 10 𝑘𝑁 = 10 × 103 𝑁 𝐸 = 2 × 105 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2

𝑻𝒐 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒅:

𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝛿𝑙 =?

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂 ∶

𝑃 𝑙1 𝑙2
𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝛿𝑙) = +
𝐸 𝐴1 𝐴2

𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 1 𝐴1 = × 𝑑12
4

𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 2 𝐴2 = × 𝑑22
4

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 1 𝐴1 = × 𝑑12 𝑑1 = 20 𝑚𝑚
4
𝜋
𝐴1 = × 202
4
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝟏 𝑨𝟏 = 𝟑𝟏𝟒. 𝟏𝟔 𝒎𝒎𝟐

𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 2 𝐴2 = × 𝑑22
4 𝑑2 = 10 𝑚𝑚
𝜋
𝐴2 = × 102
4

𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝟐 𝑨𝟐 = 𝟕𝟖. 𝟓𝟒 𝒎𝒎𝟐

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 𝑃 𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑃 = 10 𝑘𝑁 = 10 × 103 𝑁
𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝛿𝑙) = +
𝐸 𝐴1 𝐴2 𝐸 = 2 × 105 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2

𝑙1 = 250 𝑚𝑚
10 × 103 250 200
𝛿𝑙 = 5
+ 𝑙2 = 200 𝑚𝑚
2 × 10 314.16 78.54
𝐴1 = 314.16 𝑚𝑚2

𝑬𝒙𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒃𝒂𝒓 𝜹𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟔𝟔 𝒎𝒎 𝐴2 = 78.54 𝑚𝑚2

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 Problem 07
An axial pull of 35KN is acting on a bar consisting of three lengths: 20cm with 2cm
diameter, 25cm with 3cm diameter and 22cm with 5cm diameter. If the young’s modulus
= 2 × 105 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 . Determine (i) stress in each section, (ii) Total extension of the bar.

𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒂:
𝑃 = 35 𝑘𝑁 = 35 × 103 𝑁 𝑙1 = 20 𝑐𝑚 = 200 𝑚𝑚
𝑑1 = 20 𝑚𝑚 𝑙2 = 25 𝑐𝑚 = 250 𝑚𝑚 𝑑2 = 30 𝑚𝑚
𝑙3 = 22 𝑐𝑚 = 220 𝑚𝑚 𝑑3 = 50 𝑚𝑚 𝐸 = 2 × 105 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2
𝑻𝒐 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒅:
𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =?
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝛿𝑙 =?
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂 ∶
𝑃 𝜋
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1 𝜎1 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section1 𝐴1 = × 𝑑12
𝐴1 4
𝑃 𝜋
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2 (𝜎2 ) = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 2 𝐴2 = × 𝑑22
𝐴2 4
𝑃 𝜋
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 3 (𝜎3 ) = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 3 𝐴3 = × 𝑑32
𝐴3 4

𝑃 𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙3
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝛿𝑙) = + +
𝐸 𝐴1 𝐴2 𝐴3

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section1 𝐴1 = × 𝑑12 𝑑1 = 20 𝑚𝑚
4
𝜋
𝐴1 = × 202
4
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝟏 𝑨𝟏 = 𝟑𝟏𝟒. 𝟏𝟔 𝐦𝐦𝟐
𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 2 𝐴2 = × 𝑑22 𝑑2 = 30 𝑚𝑚
4
𝜋
𝐴2 = × 302
4
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝟐 𝑨𝟐 = 𝟕𝟎𝟔. 𝟖𝟔 𝐦𝐦𝟐
𝜋 𝑑3 = 50 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 3 𝐴3 = × 𝑑32
4
𝜋
𝐴3 = × 502
4
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝟑 𝑨𝟑 = 𝟏𝟗𝟔𝟑. 𝟓 𝐦𝐦𝟐
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 𝑃 𝑃 = 35 𝑘𝑁 = 35 × 103 𝑁
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1 𝜎1 =
𝐴1
35 × 103 𝐴1 = 314.16 mm2
𝜎1 =
314.16
𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏 𝝈𝟏 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟒𝟔 𝑵/𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑃
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2 (𝜎2 ) = 𝐴2 = 706.86 mm2
𝐴2
35 × 103
𝜎2 =
706.86
𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐 𝝈𝟐 = 𝟒𝟗. 𝟓𝟑 𝑵/𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑃 𝐴3 = 1963.5 mm2
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 3 (𝜎3 ) =
𝐴3
35 × 10 3
𝜎3 =
1963.5
𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟑 𝝈𝟑 = 𝟏𝟕. 𝟖𝟑 𝑵/𝒎𝒎𝟐
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 𝑃 = 35 𝑘𝑁 = 35 × 103 𝑁
𝑃 𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙3
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝛿𝑙) = + +
𝐸 𝐴1 𝐴2 𝐴3 𝑙1 = 20 𝑐𝑚 = 200 𝑚𝑚

𝑙2 = 25 𝑐𝑚 = 250 𝑚𝑚
35 × 103 200 250 220
𝛿𝑙 = 5
+ + 𝑙3 = 22 𝑐𝑚 = 220 𝑚𝑚
2 × 10 314.16 706.86 1963.5

𝐸 = 2 × 105 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2
𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑬𝒙𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒃𝒂𝒓 𝜹𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔 𝒎𝒎 𝐴1 = 314.16 mm2

𝐴2 = 706.86 mm2

𝐴3 = 1963.5 mm2

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 Problem 08
A member formed by connecting a steel bar to an aluminium bar shown in the figure.
Assuming that the bars are presented from buckling sideways. Calculate the magnitude of
the force ’P’ that will cause total length of the member to decrease 0.25mm. The values of
elastic modulus for steel and Al are 2.1 × 105 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 7 × 104 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 .

𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒂:
𝛿𝑙 = 0.25 𝑚𝑚 𝐸1 = 2.1 × 10 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2 5 𝐸2 = 7 × 104 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2

𝑙1 = 30 𝑐𝑚 = 300 𝑚𝑚 𝑙2 = 38 𝑐𝑚 = 380 𝑚𝑚
𝐴1 = 5 𝑐𝑚 × 5 𝑐𝑚 𝐴2 = 10 𝑐𝑚 × 10 𝑐𝑚

𝑻𝒐 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒅:
M𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑃 =?
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂 ∶
𝑙1 𝑙2
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝛿𝑙) = 𝑃 +
𝐴1 𝐸1 𝐴2 𝐸2

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

𝐴1 = 5 𝑐𝑚 × 5 𝑐𝑚
𝐴1 = 50 𝑚𝑚 × 50 𝑚𝑚

𝑨𝟏 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒎𝟐

𝐴2 = 10 𝑐𝑚 × 10 𝑐𝑚
𝐴2 = 100 𝑚𝑚 × 100 𝑚𝑚

𝑨𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒎𝟐
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 𝛿𝑙 = 0.25 𝑚𝑚
𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙1 = 30 𝑐𝑚 = 300 𝑚𝑚
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝛿𝑙) = 𝑃 +
𝐴1 𝐸1 𝐴2 𝐸2
𝑙2 = 38 𝑐𝑚 = 380 𝑚𝑚
300 380 𝐸1 = 2.1 × 105 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2
0.25 = 𝑃 5
+
2500 × 2.1 × 10 10000 × 7 × 104
𝐸2 = 7 × 104 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2

𝑃 = 224.37 × 103 𝑁 𝐴1 = 2500 𝑚𝑚2

𝐌𝒂𝒈𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒅𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆 𝑷 = 𝟐𝟐𝟒. 𝟑𝟕 𝒌𝑵 𝐴2 = 10000 𝑚𝑚2

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 Problem 09
The bar shown in the figure subjected to a tensile load of 160 kN. If the stress in the
middle section is limited to 150 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 , determine the diameter of the middle portion.
Find the length of the middle portion if the total elongation of the bar is to be 0.2mm.
Youngs modulus of the materials is 2.5 × 105 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 .

𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒂:
𝑃 = 160 𝑘𝑁 = 160 × 103 𝑁 𝜎2 = 150 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

𝛿𝑙 = 0.2 𝑚𝑚 𝑙 = 40 𝑐𝑚 = 400 𝑚𝑚
𝐸 = 2.5 × 105 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2 𝑑1 = 𝑑3 = 6 𝑐𝑚 = 60 𝑚𝑚 𝑙 = 𝑙1 + 𝑙2 + 𝑙3

𝑻𝒐 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒅:
Diameter of the middle portion 𝑑2 =?
Length of the middle portion 𝑙2 =?
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂 ∶

𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 2 𝐴2 = × 𝑑22
4
𝑃
𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 at section 2 𝜎2 =
𝐴2
𝑃 𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙3
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝛿𝑙) = + +
𝐸 𝐴1 𝐴2 𝐴3

𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 1 𝐴1 = × 𝑑12
4

𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 3 𝐴3 = × 𝑑32
4
BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
𝑃 𝑃 = 160 𝑘𝑁 = 160 × 103 𝑁
𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 at section 2 𝜎2 =
𝐴2
𝜎2 = 150 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
160 × 103
150 =
𝐴2

𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐 𝑨𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟔. 𝟔𝟕 𝐦𝐦𝟐

𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section 2 𝐴2 = × 𝑑22
4
𝜋
1.06 × 10 = × 𝑑22
3
4

𝑫𝒊𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒊𝒅𝒅𝒍𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒅𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟓 𝒎𝒎

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 𝜋
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 of section1 𝐴1 = × 𝑑12 𝑑1 = 𝑑3 = 6 𝑐𝑚 = 60 𝑚𝑚
4
𝜋
𝐴1 = × 602
4
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝟏 𝑨𝟏 = 𝟐𝟖𝟐𝟕. 𝟒𝟑 𝐦𝐦𝟐

𝑨𝟏 = 𝑨𝟑 = 𝟐𝟖𝟐𝟕. 𝟒𝟑 𝐦𝐦𝟐

𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝟑 𝑨𝟑 = 𝟐𝟖𝟐𝟕. 𝟒𝟑 𝐦𝐦𝟐

𝑙1 + 𝑙3 = 𝑙 − 𝑙2 𝑙 = 𝑙1 + 𝑙2 + 𝑙3

𝑙1 + 𝑙3 = 400 − 𝑙2 𝑙 = 40 𝑐𝑚 = 400 𝑚𝑚

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 𝑃 𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙3 𝐴1 = 𝐴3 = 2827.43 mm2
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝛿𝑙) = + +
𝐸 𝐴1 𝐴2 𝐴3
𝑙1 + 𝑙3 = 400 − 𝑙2
𝑃 𝑙1 𝑙2 𝑙3
𝛿𝑙 = + + 𝑃 = 160 𝑘𝑁 = 160 × 103 𝑁
𝐸 𝐴1 𝐴2 𝐴1
𝛿𝑙 = 0.2 𝑚𝑚
𝑃 𝑙1 + 𝑙3 𝑙2
𝛿𝑙 = + + 𝐸 = 2.5 × 105 𝑁Τ𝑚 𝑚2
𝐸 𝐴1 𝐴2
𝐴2 = 1066.67 mm2
160 × 103 400 − 𝑙2 𝑙2
0.2 = 5
+ +
2.5 × 10 2827.43 1066.67

𝑙2 = 207.14 𝑚𝑚

Length of the middle portion (𝒍𝟐 ) = 𝟐𝟎𝟕. 𝟏𝟒 𝒎𝒎

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
 Thank You

BIBIN.C / ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / MECHANICAL ENGINEERING / RMK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY