Kyra Bianca R.

Famacion January 29, 2020

NB Sir Jethro Noel C. Danos

Term Definition Picture

Koilonychia Spoon-shaped nails that
may be seen with trauma to
cuticles or nail folds or in
iron deficiency anemia,
endocrine or cardiac
disease.
Leukonychia White lines or dots appear
on the finger or toenails.
This is a very common issue
and entirely harmless.
Palmar Erythema Redness involving the heel
of the palm, and
occasionally the fingers, due
to increased dilatation of
surface capillaries in the
hand.
Duputyren’s Contracture Hand deformity in which
fibrous tissue grows in the
palm of the hand and
attaches to the tendon
sheaths, pulling the fingers
in toward the middle of the
hand.
Finger Clubbing Enlargement of the ends of
the fingers accompanied by
a downward sloping of the
nails. Clubbing itself is not
harmful, but can be a sign of
disease.
Hepatic Encephalopathy Decline in brain function
that occurs as a result of
severe liver disease. The
liver cannot adequately
remove toxins from the
blood, causing build-up
which can lead to brain
damage.
Uremia Occurs when the kidneys
become damaged.
Creatinine and urea
normally sent out to the
urine end up in the
bloodstream instead.
Asterixis Also known as “flapping
tremor.” Neurological
disorder that causes a
person to lose motor
control of certain areas of
the body. Muscles — often
in the wrists and fingers,
although it can happen in
other areas of the body —
can abruptly and
intermittently become lax.
Acanthosis Nigricans Skin disorder characterised
by darkening and thickening
of the skin, occurring mainly
in the folds of the skin in the
axilla, groin and back of the
neck.
Xanthelasma Yellowish plaques that
occur most commonly near
the inner canthus of the
eyelid, more often on the
upper lid than the lower lid.
Hyperlipidemia Abnormally high levels of
fats (lipids) in the blood,
such as such as cholesterol
and triglycerides.

Pallor Unusual lightness of skin

color compared with one’s
normal complexion.
Paleness may be caused by
reduced blood flow and
oxygen or by a decreased
number of red blood cells.
Anemia A low number of red blood
cells. In a routine blood test,
it is reported as a low
hemoglobin or hematocrit.

Jaundice The skin, whites of the eyes

and mucous membranes
turn yellow because of a
high level of bilirubin, a
yellow-orange bile pigment.
Stomatitis Pain or inflammation of the
mouth, affecting the
mucous membranes.

Oral Candidiasis Also called oral thrush. A

creamy white lesions due to
the accumulation of fungus
Candida albicans on the
lining of your mouth.

Mouth Ulcers Also known as canker sores

— are normally small,
painful lesions that develop
in your mouth or at the
base of your gums.
Glossitis Tongue is swollen and
inflamed. This often makes
the surface of the tongue
appear smooth.

Lymphadenopathy Enlargement of the lymph

nodes. Can occur in just one
area of the body, such as
the neck, or it may be
generalized.
Virchow’s Lymph Nodes One of the left
supraclavicular nodes which
receive lymphatic drainage
of most of the body (from
the thoracic duct) and
enters the venous
circulation via the left
subclavian vein. Its
enlargement is called
Troiser’s sign.
Spider Navi Also called spider angiomas,
is a collection of small,
dilated arterioles (blood
vessels) clustered very close
to the surface of the skin.
The cluster of vessels is
web-like, with a central spot
and radiating vessels.
Gynecomastia Condition of permanently
enlarged breast of male due
to hormonal imbalances
and the abuse of anabolic
steroids.
Scar Also called cicatrix. Skin
mark left after healing of
wound or lesion that
represents replacement by
connective tissue of the
injured tissue.
Striae Also known as stretch
marks. A form of scarring on
the skin with an off-color
hue. Form during rapid
growth of the body, such as
during puberty or
pregnancy.
Stoma An opening on the
abdomen that can be
connected to either the
digestive or urinary system
to allow waste (urine or
faeces) to be diverted out of
the body.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm A blood-filled bulge or
ballooning in a part of the
aorta that runs through
your abdomen. An enlarged
area in the lower part of the
major vessel that supplies
blood to the body (aorta).
Schamroth’s Window Test Putting the nails together to
see if there is a diamond-
shaped space between the
cuticles. If there isn’t a
space, this is a sign of finger
clubbing.
Aortic Bruit Blowing vascular sounds
auscultated above the
aorta, resembling heart
murmurs that are perceived
over partially occluded
blood vessels.
Renal Artery Bruit Audible “swishing” vascular
sounds during auscultation
caused by turbulent flow in
renal arteries.

Sources:

Deborah Leader, R. N. (2020, January 21). Clubbed Fingers As a Sign of Lung Disease. Retrieved

January 25, 2020, from https://www.verywellhealth.com/clubbing-of-fingers-914776

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2018, March 8). Oral thrush. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/

diseases-conditions/oral-thrush/symptoms-causes/syc-20353533

Stephens, C. (2017, June 21). What is Uremia? Retrieved January 25, 2020, from

https://www.healthline.com/health/uremia

Weber, J., & Kelley, J. (2018). Health assessment in nursing (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters

Kluwer.