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Solomon Ndugwa BalemeziSCHEDULE 4 - WIND LOADS
Paragraph 14
1) The basic wind speed/velocity, Vb shall be obtained from the wind data presented in
Tables 4.1 and 4.2, and Figures 4.1 and 4.2 below5 -
Table 4.1 - Annual wind gust recorded between 2016 to 2020 at an interval of 15
minutes (m/s)
Maximum Average Minimum
Station (m/s) (m/s) (m/s)
1 Kampala 18.1 3.0 0.0
2 Entebbe 32.1 4.8 0.2
3 Soroti 29.6 4.3 0.2
4 Mbarara 23.7 3.9 0.0
5 Jinja 26.4 3.7 0.2
6 Tororo 24.6 3.3 0.0
7 Arua 22.2 6.1 0.0
8 Kasese 25.2 3.4 0.0
9 Lira 23.1 3.0 0.0
10 Gulu 34.8 3.9 0.0
11 Masindi 22.4 2.5 0.0
12 Mubende 21.5 3.6 0.1
13 Kotido 29.1 4.4 0.0
Table 4.2 - Annual wind speed recorded between 2016 to 2020 at an interval of 15
minutes (m/s)
Maximum Average Minimum
Station (m/s) (m/s) (m/s)
1 Kampala 7.0 1.2 0.0
2 Entebbe 18.9 3.4 0.1
3 Soroti 13.1 2.7 0.1
4 Mbarara 13.4 2.2 0.0
5 Jinja 16.2 2.2 0.1
6 Tororo 10.1 1.7 0.0
7 Arua 11.0 3.5 0.0
8 Kasese 13.0 1.8 0.0
9 Lira 12.4 1.5 0.0
10 Gulu 12.9 2.4 0.0
11 Masindi 10.1 1.6 0.0
12 Mubende 10.7 1.7 0.0
13 Kotido 12.4 2.4 0.0
5
For conservative designs, the annual wind gust should be applied.
Source: Uganda National Meteorological Authority (UNMA)
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Uganda map showing mean wind speed (knots) at 9.00 am
Kitgum
Arua
Gulu
Lira Moroto
Butiaba
Masindi Soroti
Hoima
Mbale
Tororo
Mubende
Jinja
Fort Portal
Kampala
Kasese
Entebbe
Mbarara
Kabale
Figure 4.1: A map of Uganda showing average wind speed (knots) at 9:00am (1961-
2000)
NOTE:
The isolines in red colour indicate wind speeds greater than or equal to 10 Knots
(5.14m/s).
The wind strength decreases by interval of 0.5knots as one moves away from the
station centre marked in square dots.
1 knot is equivalent to 0.514m/s
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Uganda map showing mean wind speed (Knots) at 3.00pm
Kitgum
Arua
Gulu
Lira Moroto
Butiaba
Masindi Soroti
Hoima
Mbale
Tororo
Mubende
Jinja
Fort Portal
Kampala
Kasese
Entebbe
Mbarara
Kabale
Figure 4.2: A map of Uganda showing average wind speed (knots) at 3:00pm (1961-
2000)
NOTE:
The isolines in red colour indicate wind speed greater than or equal to 10 Knots
(5.14m/s).
The wind strength decreases by interval of 1knots as one moves away from the
station centre marked in square dots.
2) The site wind speed, Vs (in m/s) is determined from the formula –
where,
Sa represents the altitude factor (given by and is the
site altitude in metres);
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Sd represents the direction factor (which can conservatively be taken as 1.0
if direction effects are ignored);
Ss represents the season factor (for permanent buildings exposed to wind
for a continuous period of more than 6 months, take Ss = 1.0; for
temporary buildings and structures, take Ss = 0.85) and
Sp represents the probability factor (for normal design situations, take Sp =
1.0).
3) The effective wind speed, Ve (in m/s) is determined from the formula –
where, Sb represents the terrain and building factor obtained the following
table.
Table 4.3 – Terrain and building factor
Effective height, He (m) Terrain and building factor, Sb
<2 1.48
5 1.65
10 1.78
15 1.85
20 1.90
30 1.96
50 2.04
100 2.12
4) The dynamic pressure, qs (in N/m2) is then determined from the formula –
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