CÂU TRẦN THUẬT SỬ DỤNG ĐỘNG TỪ TRẦN THUẬT ĐẶC BIỆT

Meaning Direct Speech Reported speech Example (Ví dụ)

(ý nghĩa) (Câu trực tiếp) (Câu gián tiếp)
Lời khuyên S + had better/ S + ADVISE + O -My mother said,” You’d better go to school”
(Advice) should + …. (not) + + to My mother advised me to go to school.
Why don’t you…. infinitive -“ Why don’t you go to school? ”, said my
If I were you, …. mother.
My mother advised me to go to school.
- My friend said to me, “ If I were you, I
would met him”
=> My friend advised me to meet him.
Lời mời tham dự Would you like S + INVITE + O + - “Would you like to come to my party “
(invitation) ….? (not) + to infinitive => He invited me to come to his party.
Câu hỏi đuôi Will -“Come for dinner with us tonight, will you?”,
you? Bill said
=> Bill invited us to come for dinner with
them that night
Lời mời dùng Shall I/ Would S + OFFER + O + -"Shall I bring you some tea?" he asked.
(offer) you like (not) + to infinitive => He offered to bring me some tea.
Lời hứa Câu điều kiện, S + PROMISE + O + “I will give you a hand, if you like”, said
(promise) promise, ngữ (not) + to infinitive Darian.
cảnh => Darian promised to give me a hand if I
liked
Lời đe doạ Câu mệnh lệnh, S+ THREATEN + O “Get out or I’ll call the police”, said the
(threat) ngữ cảnh + (not) + to woman
infinitive => the woma threatened to call the police if
he didn’t get out
Lời cảnh báo Câu mệnh lệnh S + WARN + O + “Don’t touch that wire”, he said.
(warning) phủ định, ngữ (not) + to infinitive => He warned me not to touch that wire.
cảnh S + warn + sb “Do not invest in that business”, said my
against (doing) sth lawyer
=> My lawyer warned me against investing in
that business.
Lời nhắc Nhắc phải làm gì: S + remind + O + “Remember to wash the dishes”, my mom
(reminder) Remember to do (not) + to said.
sth, Don’t forget infinitive. => My mom reminded me to wash the dishes
to do sth, ngữ
cảnh
Lời động viên Tuỳ theo ngữ S + encourage + O “Go ahead, you must enter for the contest,
(encouragement) nghĩa, câu mệnh + (not) + to Jill”, said Pam
lệnh infinitive => Pam encouraged Jill to enter for the
contest.
Lời cầu khẩn “Do a favor”, Beg/ implore + O + “Please, do me a favor”, said the beggar to
(begging) help, please (not) + to infinitive Carol
=> The beggar begged/implored Carol to do a
favor
Lời đề nghị tự “Shall/ Will I help Offer + to “Shall I help you with the housework?”, said
nguyện (offers) you” infinitive Tim to his wife.
=> Tim offered to help his wife with the
housework.
Lời đồng ý “Yes”, “Okay”, Agree + (not) + to “OK, I will take you to your office in my car,
(agreement) câu tương lai infinitive Sue’, said Carl
đơn => Carl agreed to take Sue to her office in his
car
Lời khẳng định Tuỳ theo ngữ Claim s.o to do sth “I’ve won the lottery”, said Tim
(Claims) cảnh => Tim claimed to have won the lottery
Lời từ chối Tuỳ theo ngữ Refuse to do sth “I won’t pick you up at the airport”, Tim said
(Refusals) cảnh to Peter
=> Tim refused to pick up Peter at the airport
Lời tình nguyện Tuỳ theo ngữ Volunteer to do “I will do this job”, Peter said
(Volunteering) cảnh sth => Peter volunteered to do that job
Một số động từ V + O + to V allow, enable, encourage, forbid, force, hear,
khác theo sau là instruct, invite, order, permit, persuade,
to V request, remind, train, urge, want, tempt,
guarantee
Một số động từ V + to V appear, arrange, attempt, ask, decide,
khác theo sau là determine, fail, endeavour, happen, hope,
to V learn, manage, plan, prepare, prove, refuse,
seem, tend, threaten, expect, want,
Một số động từ V + V_ing avoid, delay, enjoy, excuse, consider, deny,
khác theo sau là finish, imagine, forgive, keep, mind, miss,
V_ing postpone, practise, resist, risk, propose,
detest, dread, resent, pardon,  fancy
Lời phản đối Tuỳ theo ngữ Object to sb doing “I don’t agree to build a house here”, Tim
(Opposition) cảnh sth said to Peter
Oppose sb/sth => Tim objected to Peter building a house
doing sth there
Lời thừa nhận Tuỳ theo ngữ Admit (not) doing/ “I did not tell you the truth, Ron”, said Harry
(admission) cảnh having done sth => Harry admitted not telling/ having told
Ron the truth
Lời hối hận If only, Regret + V_ing “I wish I hadn’t taken the bus”, Tom said
(Regret) I wish (Ngược lại) => Tom regreted having taken the bus.
Lời đề nghị Let’s… S + SUGGEST/ - My friend said to me,” Let’s go out for a
(suggestion) Why don’t we… Propose/ drink”
Shall we… recommend + => My friend suggested going out for a drink.
How about ….. V_ing - My friend said ,”  Why don’t we go out for a
drink ? ”
=> My friend suggested going out for a drink.
Lời phủ nhận Tuỳ theo ngữ Deny doing/ “I did not break that vase”, said Tom
(denial) cảnh having done sth => Tom denied breaking/ having broken that
vase
Lời buộc tội Tuỳ theo ngữ Accuse + O + of + “You damaged my new laptop, Dan’, said
(accusation) cảnh doing sth Susan
=> Susan accused Dan of damaging her new
laptop
Lời (không) cho Tuỳ theo ngữ Approve/ “ Okay. You can leave now”, Ann said to Tom
phép (Approval/ cảnh disapprove of sb => Ann approved of Tom leaving
Disapproval) doing sth
Lời ngăn chặn Tuỳ theo ngữ Prevent/ Stop + sb “Stop. Don’t call the police”, Tom said to
(Prevention) cảnh + from doing sth Mike
=> Tom prevented Mike from calling the
police.
Lời chỉ trích Tuỳ theo ngữ Criticize + sb + for “You shouldn’t leave the house”, Tom said to
(Criticism) cảnh + doing sth Ann
=> Tom criticized Ann for leaving the house
Lời xin lỗi “Sorry” Apologize (to Sb) I am sorry I have kept you waiting’, said Amy
(apology) for + (not) + doing => Amy apologized for having kept me
sth waiting.
Lời khen ngợi “Congratulation” Congratulate + sb “Congratulation! You won the game!”, said
(congratulations) + on doing sth the principal.
=> The principal congratulated me on
winning the game
Lời năn nỉ, khăng Tuỳ theo ngữ Insist on doing sth “I must pay for this damage”, said the man
khăng (insists) cảnh => The man insisted on paying for that
damage
Lời cảm ơn “Thank you”, Thank sb for doing “Thank you very much for your advice”, he
(thanks) “appreciate” sth said
=> He thanked me for my advice
Lời đổ lỗi (blame) “be responsible Blame sb for doing “You are responsible for this failure”, the
for” sth director said to his employees.
=> The director blamed his employees for
that failure
Lời thú nhận Tuỳ theo ngữ Confess to (doing) “It was me who stole the money’, said Jack.
(confession) cảnh sth Jack confessed to stealing the money
Mơ (dream) “I want” Dream of doing Peter said, “I want to be a famous singer
sth worldwide.”
→ Peter dream of being a famous singer
worldwide.
Lời trông đợi, Tuỳ theo ngữ Look forward to + He said,”I can’t wait to go on a holiday”
trông mong cảnh V_ing -> He looked forward to going on a holiday

* Lưu ý: Nếu câu trần thuật ở dạng phủ định thì NOT sẽ nằm ở trước to infinitive hoặc V_ing
* Lưu ý: MỘT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ CÓ THỂ DÙNG TO VERB VÀ V-ING
a. STOP 
Stop V-ing: dừng làm gì (dừng hẳn)
Stop to V: dừng lại để làm việc gì
b. REMEMBER 
Remember/ forget/ regret to V: nhớ/ quên/ tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại – tương lai)
Remember/ forget/ regret V-ing: nhớ/ quên/ tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ)
c. TRY
Try to V: cố gắng làm gì
Try V-ing: thử làm gì
d. LIKE
Like V-ing: Thích làm gì vì nó thú vị, hay, cuốn hút, làm để thường thức.
Like to do: muốn làm gì, cần làm gì
e. PREFER
Prefer V-ing to V-ing
Prefer + to V + rather than (V)
f. MEAN
Mean to V: Có ý định làm gì.
Mean V-ing: Có nghĩa là gì.
g. ADVISE/ ALLOW/ PERMIT/ RECOMMEND
Advise/ allow (permit)/ recommend + Object + to V: khuyên/ cho phép/ đề nghị ai làm gì.
Advise/ allow (permit)/ recommend + V-ing: khuyên/ cho phép/ đề nghị làm gì.