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Newton's Laws of Motion: Law of Inertia and Law of Acceleration

1) The document discusses Newton's laws of motion, specifically the law of inertia and the law of acceleration. 2) The law of inertia states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. 3) The law of acceleration states that the acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on the object and its mass, and can be expressed by the equation a=Fnet/m, where acceleration is directly proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass.

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Lougene Castro
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264 views

Newton's Laws of Motion: Law of Inertia and Law of Acceleration

1) The document discusses Newton's laws of motion, specifically the law of inertia and the law of acceleration. 2) The law of inertia states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. 3) The law of acceleration states that the acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on the object and its mass, and can be expressed by the equation a=Fnet/m, where acceleration is directly proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass.

Uploaded by

Lougene Castro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: _______________________________ Subject: SCIENCE 8

Section: ______________________________ Date: __________________

QUARTER 1: WEEK 1
Newton’s Laws of Motion: Law of Inertia and Law of
Acceleration
Background Information
You have learned from your previous grades that an object can be moved by applying a
force.
Force is a PUSH or a PULL. When you Push the object moves away from you.
When you Pull the direction of motion of the object is towards’ you.
The motion of the object will depend on the resultant force. When two forces are on the
same direction, we add the forces and motion is to the right direction.

And subtract if forces come from the opposite direction. The direction of the motion is to
the right because the magnitude or amount of force applied on the left is greater than the right.

We can say that force can cause motion. Does apply force cause motion on
all objects? The answer is NO. There is no motion here because the sum of the forces equate to
zero or said to be a balanced force.

If the net force is not zero, it results to motion- such force is called to be unbalanced
force.
The principles behind Newton’s law of motion are very
significant in understanding the motion of objects in the
universe. Newton’s first law of motion- Law of Inertia states
that body will remain at rest or move at a constant velocity
unless acted upon by an external or unbalanced force. We
can say that objects cannot start, stop, or change direction on
their own. They require some external force to cause such a
change. This tendency of objects to resist certain changes in
their state of motion or rest is known as inertia.
Newton's second law of motion pertains to the behavior
of objects for which all existing forces are not balanced. The second law states that the
acceleration of an object is dependent upon two variables - the net force acting upon the object
and the mass of the object. Thus, the law of acceleration states that the Acceleration of an object
is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to
its mass. This can be expressed in equation form as:

Acceleration = Net force /Mass


a=Fnet/m.

Force has a unit and is expressed in Newton(N), and the unit for mass is kilogram (kg) and
acceleration is meter per second squared.

The formula triangle on the right side shows the relationships of the
force, mass, and acceleration. The magic formula can help you to
rearrange a formula needed for the calculation.
Sample Problem:
Suppose a ball of mass 0.60kg is hit with a force of 12N. its acceleration will be:
a= Fnet/m
a= 12N / 0.60kg
a= 20m/s2

if the force is increased to 24N for the same ball then,


a= 24N / 0.60kg
a= 40m/s2

As the force acting upon an object is increased, the acceleration of the object is increased.
As the mass of an object is increased, the acceleration of the object is decreased. These
three factors are linked by the following equation:

Acceleration is directly proportional to Force “The ACCELERATION


A - increases F -increases constant Mass of an object is directly
A- decreases F- decreases proportional to the
Acceleration is inversely proportional to Mass magnitude of the net
A- increases M- decreases constant Force force acting on it and is
A- decreases M- increases inversely proportional
Force is directly proportional to Mass
to its mass”
F- Increases M- Increases constant Acceleration
F- decreases M- decreases

Learning Competency:
Investigate the relationship between the amount of force applied and the mass of
the object to the amount of change in the object’s motion. S8FE-Ia-15 - Q1

Activity No. 1: Fast or slow?

Directions: Identify whether the resulting acceleration between the mass and force show slow
motion or fast motion. Write SM for slow and FM for fast motion on the space
provided for the answer.

1. _______________ 2. _________________ 3._________________

4._______________ 5. _________________
Activity No. 3: There’s always a solution!
Direction: Solve the following problem using the formula triangle. Refer to the given example.

Example:
A car has a mass of 1000kg. What force does the car engine need to supply to
accelerate at 2 m/s2?
What is asked? FORCE
What is given? mass= 1000kg
acceleration= 2 m/s2 What is the formula?
F= m x a
Solution: F= m x a
F= (1000kg) x (2 m/s2)

F= 2000 kg. m/s2 or N

1. A motorcycle has a mass of 200kg. What force is needed to accelerate at 10 m/s2?


What is asked? What is given?
What is the formula? Solution:
2. A car accelerates at 5m/s2 as its engine provides a force of 5000N or kg.m/s2. What is the
mass of the car?
What is asked?
What is given?
3. How much force is needed to accelerate a 1200kg car at a rate of 4 m/s2?
What is asked? What is given?
What is the formula? Solution:

Prepared by:

MERRYLIE M. BADUEL PRECY T. MANARANG


Writer Writer

LOVELYN D. DE GUZMAN LOVELY C. CLAVERIA


Writer Writer

PAULA LUZ P. DELA CRUZ


Writer

Re-evaluated by :

SHERILYNE L. REYES JENNIFER M. PRAZA


TWG, G8 TWG, G8

LARRY MAR B. BAUTISTA GEMIMA A. ESTRABILLO


Lay-out Editor 2nd Level Evaluator

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