Republic of the Philippines

Philippine Normal University

The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

LESSON PLAN

I. OBJECTIVES:
A. Content Standards: The learners demonstrate understanding of…
1. how different objects interact with light and sound, heat and electricity
2. the effects of heat and electricity, light and sound on people and objects
B. Learning Competencies: The learner should be able to…
1. infer how black and colored objects affect the ability to absorb heat;
C. Learning Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. determine if lighter or darker colors absorb more light energy;
2. correctly state that darker colors absorb more light energy, thus producing more heat
and;
3. correctly state that lighter colors reflect more light energy, thus keeping you less hot.

II.CONTENT:
Light and Sound, Heat and Electricity: Effects of light and sound, heat and electricity
materials
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
Beek, M. (2015, July 6). How does color affect heat absorption? Discovery Express.
https://www.discoveryexpresskids.com/blog/how-does-color-affect-heat-absorption

Bozeman Science. (2015, June 11). Light Absorption, Reflection and Transmission [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DOsro2kGjGc&feature=youtu.be

CrashCourse. (2015, July 10). Light: Crash Course Astronomy #24 [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/jjy-
eqWM38g

DepEd Science 5 Teacher’s Guide

Kittmer, L. (2019, March 2). What Colors Absorb More Heat? Sciencing.Retrieved December
20, 2020 from https://sciencing.com/colors-absorb-heat-8456008.html
Physics Tutorial: Light Absorption, Reflection, and Transmission. (n.d.). The Physics Classroom. Retrieved
January 19, 2021, from https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/light/Lesson-2/Light-
Absorption,-Reflection,-and-Transmission

Science Buddies Staff. (2020, November 20). How Does Color Affect Heating by Absorption
of Light? Retrieved December 20, 2020 from
https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-
ideas/Phys_p030/physics/how-does-color-affect-heating-by-absorption-of-light
B. Materials
PowerPoint Presentaion,Videos, Fact Sheets, Beakers, Construction Papers,
Thermometer, Elastic Bands

IV. PROCEDURE/ LEARNING TASKS

ENGAGE (5 minutes)
Sharing of Ideas

Ask: What color of a shirt is more comfortable during hot days? Let the pupils vote among
white, yellow, orange, green, blue, and black. The teacher will then ask pupils whether they
think that colors can make a difference in keeping people cool or warm.

EXPLORE (35 minutes)

Divide the class into four groups and do the following experiment.
Does Color Affects the Absorption of Heat?
METHODS
1. Wrap the six identical beakers with six different colors of construction paper (white,
yellow, orange, green, blue, black) by folding the construction papers in half the long way
and using elastic bands.
2. Another one beaker is not covered with a construction paper.
3. Fill the same amount of water into the beaker. Use a room temperature water, make sure
they are of the same temperature by checking them through a thermometer. Record the
starting temperature on the chart provided.
Starting After 10 After 20 After 30
temperature minutes minutes minutes

No construction
Paper
White

Yellow

Orange

Green

Blue

Black

4. Put one thermometer on each beaker.

5. Put them all at the same time under the shade of sun.
6. Using a timer, every ten minutes, peek at each thermometer and write down the
temperature on the chart. Do this for 3 times. Assign one member to each beaker to make
sure that you check the temperature at the same time. Record the temperature on the given
table.
7. Make a bar graph to show your results, ordering the colors from lowest to highest
temperature increase.

EXPLAIN (15 minutes)

In between those times that the experiment is going on, the teacher will be providing
factsheets and will be showing videos about heat absorption, transmission and reflection.
VIDEO 1 - https://youtu.be/jjy-eqWM38g
This video is all about light as a form of energy. It also tells how wavelengths are about energy
and color.
VIDEO 2 - https://youtu.be/DOsro2kGjGc
In this video, Paul Andersen, explains how light can be absorbed, reflected and transmitted
as it moves from one medium to the other. The reflection if different wavelengths creates
perceived color of an object. Absorbed light is converted to energy and transmitted light
moves through the material.

Fact sheets
Heat Absorption
As heat energy reaches an object it can be absorbed in a similar manner to the way sponges
absorb water. Heat enters an object, warming it. The longer the object is exposed to the heat
source, the more heat is absorbed. Different objects absorb heat at different rates. Some
objects are excellent absorbers, while others are very poor absorbers. Generally, dark
coloured objects absorb better than do lighter colours objects.

Colours are NOT all equally heat absorbent. When light interacts with an object, that light
can be absorbed, reflected, or transmitted. Black objects absorb all wavelengths of light,
while white objects reflect all visible wavelengths. They are complete opposites. Other
colours absorb some wavelengths and reflect others, which is what makes them appear
different to the human eye. Colour is a result of the wavelength of light reflected by that
object. For example, an object that absorbs selectively yellow light will not look yellow; it
would be a combination of every other colour besides yellow. The colour you observe is a
complement to the colour the object absorbs.

The sun emits energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. We see part of the
electromagnetic wave as light and we feel part of it as warmth. Darker colors absorb more
sunlight than lighter colors, which is why darker colors get warmer more quickly in the
sunlight than lighter colors. The lighter colors reflect more of the sun's radiant energy, so
they remain cooler to touch in the sunlight.

Source: DepEd Science 5 Teacher’s Guide

More related readings for the teacher
Different colors reflect and absorb the sun’s energy differently. Dark colors absorb more
radiated heat from the sunlight while lighter color reflect it.
According to Beek (2015), when light interacts with an object, that light can be absorbed,
reflected, or transmitted. Black objects absorb all wavelengths of light, while white objects
reflect all visible wavelengths. They are complete opposites. Other colors absorb some
wavelengths and reflect others, which is what makes them appear different to the human
eye. Color is a result of the wavelength of light reflected by that object. For example, an object
that absorbs selectively yellow light will not look yellow; it would be a combination of every
other color besides yellow. The color you observe is a complement to the color the object
absorbs.
Additionally, when a light wave with a single frequency strikes an object, a number of things
could happen. The light wave could be absorbed by the object, in which case its energy is
converted to heat. The light wave could be reflected by the object. And the light wave could
be transmitted by the object. Rarely however does just a single frequency of light strike an
object. While it does happen, it is more usual that visible light of many frequencies or even
all frequencies is incident towards the surface of objects. When this occurs, objects have a
tendency to selectively absorb, reflect or transmit light certain frequencies. That is, one
object might reflect green light while absorbing all other frequencies of visible light. Another
object might selectively transmit blue light while absorbing all other frequencies of visible
light. The manner in which visible light interacts with an object is dependent upon the
frequency of the light and the nature of the atoms of the object.
Visible Light Absorption
Atoms and molecules contain electrons. It is often useful to think of these electrons as being
attached to the atoms by springs. The electrons and their attached springs have a tendency
to vibrate at specific frequencies. Similar to a tuning fork or even a musical instrument, the
electrons of atoms have a natural frequency at which they tend to vibrate. When a light wave
with that same natural frequency impinges upon an atom, then the electrons of that atom
will be set into vibrational motion. (This is merely another example of the resonance
principle introduced in Unit 11 of The Physics Classroom Tutorial.) If a light wave of a given
frequency strikes a material with electrons having the same vibrational frequencies, then
those electrons will absorb the energy of the light wave and transform it into vibrational
motion. During its vibration, the electrons interact with neighboring atoms in such a manner
as to convert its vibrational energy into thermal energy. Subsequently, the light wave with
that given frequency is absorbed by the object, never again to be released in the form of light.
So the selective absorption of light by a particular material occurs because the selected
frequency of the light wave matches the frequency at which electrons in the atoms of that
material vibrate. Since different atoms and molecules have different natural frequencies of
vibration, they will selectively absorb different frequencies of visible light.
Visible Light Reflection and Transmission
Reflection and transmission of light waves occur because the frequencies of the light waves
do not match the natural frequencies of vibration of the objects. When light waves of these
frequencies strike an object, the electrons in the atoms of the object begin vibrating. But
instead of vibrating in resonance at a large amplitude, the electrons vibrate for brief periods
of time with small amplitudes of vibration; then the energy is reemitted as a light wave. If
the object is transparent, then the vibrations of the electrons are passed on to neighboring
atoms through the bulk of the material and reemitted on the opposite side of the object. Such
frequencies of light waves are said to be transmitted. If the object is opaque, then the
vibrations of the electrons are not passed from atom to atom through the bulk of the material.
Rather the electrons of atoms on the material's surface vibrate for short periods of time and
then reemit the energy as a reflected light wave. Such frequencies of light are said to be
reflected.
Where Does Color Come From?
The color of the objects that we see is largely due to the way those objects interact with light
and ultimately reflect or transmit it to our eyes. The color of an object is not actually within
the object itself. Rather, the color is in the light that shines upon it and is ultimately reflected
or transmitted to our eyes. We know that the visible light spectrum consists of a range of
frequencies, each of which corresponds to a specific color. When visible light strikes an
object and a specific frequency becomes absorbed, that frequency of light will never make it
to our eyes. Any visible light that strikes the object and becomes reflected or transmitted to
our eyes will contribute to the color appearance of that object. So the color is not in the object
itself, but in the light that strikes the object and ultimately reaches our eye. The only role that
the object plays is that it might contain atoms capable of selectively absorbing one or more
frequencies of the visible light that shine upon it. So if an object absorbs all of the frequencies
of visible light except for the frequency associated with green light, then the object will
appear green in the presence of ROYGBIV. And if an object absorbs all of the frequencies of
visible light except for the frequency associated with blue light, then the object will appear
blue in the presence of ROYGBIV, Physics Tutorial: Light Absorption, Reflection, and
Transmission. (n.d.)
Furthermore, in research from Kittmer (2019) it said that heat energy obeys the same
laws of conservation as light energy. If a certain substance reflects most light wavelengths,
most heat energy will be reflected as well. Therefore, due to the nature of visual light, colors
that reflect most wavelengths of light tend to be cooler than those that only reflect a few.
Understanding how this principle applies to different colors can allow a person to stay
warmer or cooler simply by wearing different colored clothes.
ELABORATION (7 minutes)
PRESENTATION OF GRAPH (by group)
Present the graph by group and discuss the findings.

COLOR ABSORPTION

After 40 minutes

After 30minutes

After 20 minutes

After 10 minutes

Starting Temperature

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Black Blue Green Orange Yellow White

CABBAGE RELAY (8 minutes)

The cabbage will be passed on to the entire class. Each of the student shall mention a color
within 5 seconds if he/she fails to do so, she will peel the cabbage that contain a question
they answered individually earlier. There should be no repetition of the colors and the game
continues until all the layers of the cabbage will be peeled off.
Questions:
1. Did all the thermometers heat up at the same pace, or did some heat up faster and others
slower?
2. Did they end up being the same temperature at the end, or different temperatures?
3. What was the average increase in temperature for each color?
4. Which colors absorb heat faster? The light or dark colors?
5. What can you conclude based on the result of the experiment?
6. In what ways can you apply the experiment on real life?
7. Why do you think that the temperatures change that way in different colors?
EVALUATION (5 minutes)

Directions: Decide whether the statement is true or false and explain/defend your selection.
Use evidence from data, prior knowledge or other sources to analyze your selection.

Statement True False Why I think so?

Colours are NOT all

equally heat
absorbent

Black objects
absorb all
wavelengths of light,
while white
objects reflect all
visible wavelengths.
They are complete
opposites

Dark coloured
objects NOTabsorb
better than do lighter
colours objects.

Darker colors absorb

more sunlight than
lighter colors, which
is why darker colors
get warmer more
quickly in the
sunlight

The longer the color

object is exposed to
the heat source, the
more heat is
absorbed. Different
objects absorb heat
at different rates.
V. Remarks/ Reflection/ Assignment