Pre-Laboratory Activity CHEM1163L Biochemistry Laboratory

Carbon is common to all organic compounds. Other common organic elements include hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. The four main inorganic compounds essential to humans are water, salts, acids, and bases. Five important organic chemicals in living systems are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Carbohydrates are used for energy, lipids are for insulation and energy storage, proteins perform various functions, nucleic acids contain genetic instructions, and ATP provides energy for cellular processes.

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Pre-Laboratory Activity CHEM1163L Biochemistry Laboratory

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Patricia S. Gabisay

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Pre-laboratory Activity CHEM1163L

Biochemistry Laboratory

Name: Gabisay, Patricia S. Date Submitted: 08/23/2021 Score:

Some Properties and Composition of Inorganic and Organic Compounds

1. What element is common to all organic compounds?

The carbon atom can be found in all organic compounds.

2. Aside from carbon, what other elements are commonly found in an organic compound?
Other elements included in organic molecules include hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
These elements, which include carbon, are represented by the mnemonic acronym CHON, which
represents the most common elements in living organisms.

3. What are the four major inorganic compounds essential to human functioning?
Water, salts, acids, and bases are the four main inorganic chemicals that are essential to
human function.

4. Enumerate and describe at least five important chemicals in living systems which are organic.
There are many organic chemicals that are required in biological systems. Five examples
are shown below:
1) Carbohydrates are substances composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms that
the body utilizes for energy. Glucose and starch are two common examples.
2) Lipids are organic molecules that serve as insulators and energy storage. It is also in
charge of structural component creation. Oil, waxes, and fat are examples of lipids.
3) Proteins are made up of amino acids and are versatile in their ability to perform a
variety of functions for the body.
4) Nucleic acids are compounds made up of smaller components known as nucleotides.
Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA, which are required for genetic instructions and protein
synthesis, respectively.
5) Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that provides energy to enable different
activities in the body, including ion transportation, chemical synthesis, etc.

References

The Amoeba Sisters [Amoeba Sisters]. (2016, February 11). Biomolecules (Updated) [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YO244P1e9QM&feature=youtu.be
Biga, L. M. (n.d.-a). 2.4 Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning – Anatomy & Physiology.
Pressbooks. Retrieved August 25, 2021, from
https://open.oregonstate.education/aandp/chapter/2-4-inorganic-compounds-essential-to-
human-functioning/
Biga, L. M. (n.d.). 2.5 Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning – Anatomy & Physiology.
Pressbooks. Retrieved August 25, 2021, from
https://open.oregonstate.education/aandp/chapter/2-5-organic-compounds-essential-to-
human-functioning/
Pre-laboratory Activity CHEM1163L
Biochemistry Laboratory

Dinh, H. (2019, March 2). Four Major Groups of Organic Compounds That Compose Living Organisms.
Sciencing. https://sciencing.com/four-compounds-compose-living-organisms-7326618.html
Dunn, J. (2021, February 27). Physiology, Adenosine Triphosphate - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. National
Center for Biotechnology Information. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553175/
Organic Compounds. (n.d.). Cliffnotes. Retrieved August 25, 2021, from
https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/biology/biology/the-chemical-basis-of-life/organic-
compounds