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Human Development: Meaning, Concepts and Approaches: Cris A. Capilayan

John and Nessa were conceived and existed as bundles of possibilities before birth. After birth, they will develop gradually through childhood and adulthood, influenced by biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes. Their development will be impacted by their environment and experiences, which could shape them into warm, responsible individuals or carefree and irresponsible ones, depending on the support and care they receive. Human development is a lifelong process that continues from conception through late adulthood, involving growth in complexities of thought, relationships, and self-regulation over time.

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Arianne Rose Fangon
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170 views

Human Development: Meaning, Concepts and Approaches: Cris A. Capilayan

John and Nessa were conceived and existed as bundles of possibilities before birth. After birth, they will develop gradually through childhood and adulthood, influenced by biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes. Their development will be impacted by their environment and experiences, which could shape them into warm, responsible individuals or carefree and irresponsible ones, depending on the support and care they receive. Human development is a lifelong process that continues from conception through late adulthood, involving growth in complexities of thought, relationships, and self-regulation over time.

Uploaded by

Arianne Rose Fangon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Human development: Meaning,

concepts and approaches


CRIS A. CAPILAYAN
Here are pictures of John and Nessa. Each one is a bundle of
possibilities. Describe what they were before birth (their point
of origin) and who they will possibly be after birth unto
adulthood. What will they possibly become? Expound your
answers.
MEANING OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Human development - pattern of movement or change that
begins at conception and continues through the life span.
Development includes growth (positive) and decline
(negative).
Major principles of human development
1. Development is relatively orderly.

PROXIMODISTAL PATTERN - muscular control of the


trunk and the arms comes earlier as compared to hands and
fingers.
CEPHALOCAUDAL PATTERN- During infancy, the greatest
growth always occurs at the top - the head with physical
growth in size, weight and future differentiation gradually
working in its way down from top to bottom (ex. Neck,
shoulders, middle trunk and so on)

CEPHALOCAUDAL
DEVELOPMENT PROXIMODISTAL
DEVELOPMENT
2. While
the pattern of development is likely to be similar, the
outcomes of developmental processes and the rate of
development are likely to vary among individuals.

If children come from good home with loving and caring


parents, they may develop into warm and responsible
children, adolescents and adults. If they come from deprived
environment, they may develop into carefree and
irresponsible adolescents and adults.
3. DEvelopment takes place gradually.
While some changes occur in a flash of insight, more often
it takes weeks , months, or years for a person to undergo
changes that result in the display of developmental
characteristics.
Development as a process is complex because it is the product of
biological, cognitive and socioemotional processes

Biological processes involve changes in the individual’s physical


nature.

Children will experience hormonal changes when they reach the


period of puberty, and cardiovascular decline as they approach late
adulthood.
Cognitive processes
Involve changes in the individual’s thought, intelligence, and language.

Ex. Children develop from mere sounds to a word becoming two words,
the two words becoming a sentence.

They would move on to memorizing their first prayer, singing Bayang


Magiliw, solving chess and solving math problem.
Socioemotional processes
Changes in the individual’s relationships
with other people.
From aggressive children, they may develop into a fine lady
and a gentleman or otherwise,depending on a myriad of
factors. They may fall in love and get inspired for life or
may end up betrayed, deserted and desperate afterwards.
These biological , cognitive, and
socioemotional processes are inextricably
intertwined. While these processes are
studied separately, the effect of one process
or factor on a person’s development is not
isolated from the other processes.
Two approaches to human development
TRADITIONAL - Extensive change from birth to
adolescence, little or no change in adulthood
and decline in late old age.
Life-span development characteristics: (Santrock, 2002)
1. Development is lifelong. It does not end in adulthood.
2. Development is multidimensional . Development
consists of biological, cognitive, and socio-emotional
dimensions.
3. Development is plastic. Development is possible
throughout the lifespan.
4. Development is contextual. Individuals are changing
beings in a changing world.
5. Development involves growth, maintenance and regulation. The goals
of individuals vary among developmental stages.
Principles of child development and learning that inform practice
Below are the principles of child development and learning
which are the bases of developmentally appropriate practice
(DAP) in early childhood program for children from birth
through age 8, which are stated in the position paper of the
National Association for the Education of Young Children
(2009)

1.All the domains of development and learning-physical


social and emotional, and cognitive are important and
they are closely interrelated.
2. Many aspects of children’s learning and development follow
well documented sequences , with later abilities, skills and
knowledge building on those already acquired.

3. Development and learning proceed at varying rates from


child to child, as well as at uneven rates across different
areas of child’s individual functioning.

4. Development and learning result from a dynamic and


continuous interaction of biological maturation and
experience.

5. Early experiences have profound effects, both cummulative


and delayed, on a child’s development and learning; and
optimal periods exist for certain types of development and
learning to occur.
6. Development proceeds toward greater complexity, self-regulation, and
symbolic or representational capacities.

7. Children develop best when they have secure, consistent, relationships


with responsive adults and opportunities for positive relationships with
peers.

8. Development and learning occur in and are influenced by multiple


social and cultural contexts.

9. Always mentally active in seeking to understand the world around them,


children learn in a variety of ways;
10. Play is an important vehicle for developing self-
regulation as well as for promoting language,
cognition, and social competence.

11. Development and learning advance when children are


challenged to achieve at a level just beyond their
current mastery, and also when they have many
opportunities to practice newly acquired skills.

12.Children’s experiences shape their motivation and


approaches to learning, such as persistence ,
initiative and flexiblility.
End of the discussion

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