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Curve Alignment: Engineering Surveying 3 DCG40123

This document discusses road curve alignment and calculation methods. It defines different types of horizontal and vertical curves used in road construction, including circular, transition, compound, and reverse curves. It explains key curve terminology like point of intersection, radius, and central angle. Methods for calculating circular curves using angle/distance and coordinates are presented. The purpose of curves in changing the alignment, direction, and slope of roads is also stated.

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Kãrthîk Rãjãh
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1K views

Curve Alignment: Engineering Surveying 3 DCG40123

This document discusses road curve alignment and calculation methods. It defines different types of horizontal and vertical curves used in road construction, including circular, transition, compound, and reverse curves. It explains key curve terminology like point of intersection, radius, and central angle. Methods for calculating circular curves using angle/distance and coordinates are presented. The purpose of curves in changing the alignment, direction, and slope of roads is also stated.

Uploaded by

Kãrthîk Rãjãh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Curve

Alignment
ENGINEERING SURVEYING 3
DCG40123
3.0 Curve Alignment
• 3.1 Specify the concept of road curves
3.1.1 Comprehend terminologies of curves
3.1.2 Explain uses of curves in construction
3.1.3 Illustrate road curves alignment such as
circular curves, transition curve, combined curve
and vertical curve
• 3.2 Illustrate curves alignment
3.2.1 Calculate circular curves by using angle
and distance and coordinate methods
3.2.2 Calculate transition curve by using angle
and distance method
3.2.3 Calculate vertical curves
3.2.4 Measure alignment of circular curve by
angle and distance and coordinate methods

2
CURVE-definition
• The center line of a road consists of series of straight lines interconnected by curves that are used to
change the alignment, direction, or slope of the road.
• Those curves that change the alignment or direction are known as horizontal curves, and those that
change the slope are vertical curves.
• The initial design is usually based on a series of straight sections whose positions are defined largely by
the topography of the area.
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PURPOSE OF CURVE IN ROAD
CONSTRUCTION??
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TYPES OF CURVE

HORIZONTAL CURVE VERTICAL CURVE


1. Circular Curve 1. Parabolic curve

2. Compound curve
3. Transition curve
4. Reverse curve

5
TYPES OF HORIZONTAL CURVE

1. SIMPLE CURVE – is 2. COMPOUND CURVE – 3. REVERSE CURVE/ / 4. TRANSITION CURVE– the


an arc of a circle. The frequently the terrain will SPIRAL CURVE – consists of curve that have varying radius.
radius of the circle require the use of the two simple curves joined It is use on railroads and most
determines the compound curve. Thhis curve together, but curving in modern highways. The purpose
sharpness or flatness normally consists of two opposite direction. For is to provide a transition from
of the curve. simple curve joined together safety reason, the use of the tangent to a simple curve or
and curving in same direction. this curve should be between simples curve in a
avoided when possible. compound curve.

7
CURVE TERMINOLOGIES
CURVE ELEMENT

Major chord

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CURVE TERMINOLOGIES / ELEMENT OF CURVE
❖ Point of intersection (PI) – ❖ External distance –
the point of intersection is the point where the external distance is the distance
tangents intersect. from the PI to the midpoint of the
curve.
❖ Intersection angle –
the intersecting angle is the deflection angle at the ❖ Middle ordinate –
PI. Its value is either computed from the the middle ordinate is the distance
preliminary traverse angles or measured in the from the midpoint of the curve to the
field. midpoint of the long chord.

❖ Central angle – ❖ Degree of curve - the degree of


: the central angle is the angle formed by two radii curve defines the sharpness or
drawn from the centre of the circle (O) to the point flatness of the curve.
of curvature (PC) to the point of tangency (PT).
The value of central angle is equal to the
intersection angle.

❖ Radius - the radius of the circle of which the


curve is an arc or segment. The radius is
always perpendicular to back and forward
tangents.

❖ Point of curvature - the point of curvature is the


point on the back tangent where the
circular curve begins. Sometimes call beginning of
curve / tangent to curve.
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