1.

Manual Testing
o It involved the physical execution of test case scenarios against the applications to
detect the errors and bugs.
o This posed a lot of challenges and heavy manual effort.
2. Automation Testing
o On the other hand, Automation Testing provided us a way to automate the testing
processes and increased the demand.

In midst of all this, questions do arise like What is Selenium? Why is it important and so on?

Selenium is an open-source, automated testing tool that is used to test web applications across
various browsers. However, the sad part is, it can test only web applications and not mobile and
desktop applications.

Some of the leading browser vendors adopted Selenium as the essential part of their browser and
thus leading to an increase in high demand for this.

The entire set of Selenium interview questions includes two sections.

1. Selenium testing and automation testing interview questions

2. Basic Selenium Interview Questions for Freshers
3. Selenium interview questions for experienced professionals
4. Selenium webdriver interview questions

If you all are geared up, we shall dive into the most asked interview questions on Selenium.

Selenium Interview Questions

1. What is Automation Testing?

The use of automation tools for writing and executing the test cases with no manual involvement
for executing the Automated Test Suite is called Automation Testing. The Automation tools are
preferred by Testers to write the test cases or test scripts and then group them all into Test Suites.
These tools are designed to execute manually designed test cases without any human
intervention. 

2. What are the advantages/benefits of Automation Testing?

This is one of the common interview questions. Some of the advantages of Automation Testing
include:

 Save Money and Time. 

 Automation Testing increases the accuracy as there is no chance for human errors.
 Code Reusability. Create once and execute multiple times with Less or no maintenance.
 Easy Reporting. Automatically generates the reports after the execution of the test cases.
  Easy for Compatibility Testing by enabling the parallel execution in combination with
OS and browser environments.
 More Reliable, Powerful and Versatile.
 Automation Tools allows us to integrate with the Jenkins, GitHub etc.,
 Mostly used for Regression Testing.
 Helps to monitor the Test Coverage and increase the test cases accordingly.

3. How many Test cases have you automated per day?

This is one of the tricky Selenium interview questions. Actually, it depends on the complexity
and length of the Test case scenario. When the complexity is limited, you can automate two to
five test cases and one or fewer test cases when the complexity is high in a day.

Basic Selenium Interview Questions for Freshers

4. What is Selenium?

Selenium is one of the most popular automated Testing Suite. It’s a playback tool to perform
functional testing without any knowledge of a test scripting language. Selenium is the open-
source, web UI-based automation testing suite. Jason Huggins developed this tool in 2004 at
ThoughtWorks. 

5. What are the different Selenium suite Components?

Selenium is not just a single tool or utility, rather a package of several testing tools and that’s
why it’s called Selenium Suite. Each of these tools caters to different testing and testing
environments.

It comprises four major components as follows,

1. Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE):

It is distributed as a Firefox plugin that acts as a record and playback tool. It is developed to
speed up the creation of automation scripts.

2. Selenium Remote Control (RC):

Selenium Remote Control is a server with which the user can create the Test cases in any desired
programming language. The commands present in the test scripts are accepted by the server and
sent to the browsers as the Selenium core Java script commands to maintain the browser
behavior accordingly.

3. Selenium Web driver:

Selenium Web Driver is a programming interface to create and run test cases. It provides a way
to act on various web elements. This Web driver does not require another server, unlike
Selenium Remote Control.

4. Selenium Grid:

The Selenium Grid is used to distribute the commands to the different machines simultaneously.
It paves a way for the parallel execution of the test cases in different browsers and different
environments. It achieves concurrency and integrity in the Test Suite Execution.

6. Why should I use Selenium?

 Open-source
 Large support from the community and the user base is huge
 Cross-browser compatibility (Firefox, Chrome, Edge etc.,)
 Multiple programming language support (Python, Java, Perl etc.,)
 Every day or regular repository developments
 Distributed Testing is also supported.

7. What is the major difference between Selenium 3.0 and Selenium 2.0?

Selenium 2.0 represents the merger of the Original Selenium project with the Web Driver
project. The Selenium RC got deprecated but was used for backward compatibility.

Selenium 3.0 often called an extension of the Selenium 2.0 is inherently backward compatible
with increased stability and several bug fixes and does not involve the Selenium RC at all.

8. What do you mean by Selenese?

Selenese which is called the Selenium command is the set of the selenium commands that run
your test cases. For example, open (URL) is a Selenium command which opens the specified
URL in the specific browser. A test script is the sequence of all these commands put together.
There are three types of Selenese. They are,

1. Actions: We can use it to perform interactions and operations on the target elements
2. Accessors: These are used for storing the values in the variables.
3. Assertions: These can be used as checkpoints to keep track of the sequential flow of
commands.
4.  How many parameters do selenium commands have at a minimum?

There are four parameters that you must pass in Selenium. They are as follows,

 Host

We can bind the Selenium to a specific IP address instead of a Local host in our local machine.
  Port Number

We can specify the port number too i.e., TCP/IP port to connect the Selenium tests to the Grid
hub. We need to make sure that there is no other application with the same port number up in any
other location within the same machine.

 Browser

The browser in which the selenium scripts have to be executed.

 URL

The application URL triggers the test cases within that.