Philippine Art, Culture and Community  Western traditions blended with the Oriental

character in many past well as contemporary

CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ART
works
 What makes Philippine Art Filipino? o Fernando Amorsolo – Landscape of
 To what extent is Philippine art derivative of Philippines; nature of the Philippines;
Western art? ALUMINOUS skin tone;
 How about the paintings of Fernando o Vicente Manansala – Social Problems;
Amorsolo, Carlos Francisco, and Hemado R. cubism; real events of what is
Ocampo, all of whom have been identified in a happening; kayumanggi
big way with the native sensibility? o Hernando Ocampo - Abstraction
 Genre used to be a major consideration in
WEAVING
determining the “Filipino-ness” of a work of art
at least in painting  Philippine weaving involves many threads being
o Unity and uniqueness measured, cut and mounted on a wooden
 The idea was that the depiction of scenes of platform. The threads are dyed and weaved on
everyday life and the surroundings without a loom.
idealizing them was the closest in spirit to the  Before Spanish colonization, native Filipinos
Filipino soul and native soul. weaved using fibers from abaca, pineapple,
cotton, and bark cloth.
PHILIPPINE PAINTING AND SCULPTURE
 Textiles, clothes, rugs and hats were weaved.
 Artistic paintings were introduced to the Baskets were also weaved and used as vessels
Filipinos in the 16th century when the Spaniards of transport and storage, and for hunting.
arrived in the Philippines.  They weaved rugs that they used for quilts and
 During this time, the Spaniards used paintings bedding.
as religious propaganda to spread Catholicism  During Spanish colonization, Filipinos used a
throughout the Philippines fabric called nipis to weave white clothing.
 Due to the Church’s supervision of Filipino art These were weaved with decorative, flower
and Spanish occupation of the Philippines, the designs
purpose of most paintings from the 16th -19th
ARCHEOLOGY
centuries were aid the catholic church. (Art of
the Philippines,” 2016).  Diggings in many parts of the Philippines have
 The first art school was established by Damian yielded rich artifacts.
Domingo in 1820. In the 1800’s Filipino painters  The Calatagan excavations alone represents a
won recognition abroad, when Mariano milestone in the history of Philippine
Madrinan won King Alfonso XII’s gold metal and archeology.
diploma of honor in the Amsterdam  Diggings in several other places, primarily in
International Exposition of 1884. Mindoro, Bicol, Iloilo, Sta. Ana, Manila and in
 Juan Luna’s Spoliarium was awarded first prize towns of Laguna have focused attention on
at an art competition in Madrid. Oriental ceramics and earthenware.
 During World War II, some painters focused  Primary, secondary, and tertiary burial jars,
their artwork on the effects of war, including along with gold coins, jewelry, incense jarlets,
battle scenes, destruction, and the suffering for celadon bowls, and plates have found their way
the Filipino people to most private homes and antique and curio
 The University of the Philippines and the stores.
University of Santo Tomas, among the others,  Dr. Robert Fox, the Senior archeologist of the
have done much in providing formal education National Museum, discovered a fossilized skull
in fine arts. cap at the Tabon Cave. Together with the skull
 Europe has exerted great influence in cap, other stone tools, pottery and various
Philippines’ arts, and one finds the echoes of artifacts estimated to be between 15,000 to 25,
 000 years old were discovered. a family heirloom. (Darangen, epic of the
Maranaos of Lake Lanao.
• The first printed book was the Doctrina
Christiana (1853)
• Francisco Balagtas wrote Florante at Laura
POTTERY
• On December 1, 1846, the first daily newspaper,
 Native Filipinos created pottery for 3500 years La Esperanza was published in the country
ago. They used these ceramics jars to hold the • Other early newspapers were La Estrella (1847).
deceased. Diario de Manila (1848) and Boletin Oficial de
o Manunggul Jar Filipinas (1852)
o Maitum burial jar • The first provincial newspaper was El Eco de
 Traditional pot-making in certain areas of the Vigan (1884) El Boleaetin de Cebu (1890)
Philippines would use clay found near the • The most notable writer of the Spanish period
Sibalom River. was also to become the country’s national hero,
 Ceramics vessels of Kalinga are divided into Jose Rizal, whose Noli Me Tangere and El
three type: Filibusterismo partly inspired the Philippines
o (ittoyom) rice cooking Revolution.
o (oppaya) vegetable/meat cooking • La Solidaridad – Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez
o (immosso) water stotage Jaena, Marcelo H. Del Pilar

POETRY AND METRICAL ROMANCES

MUSIC
• Tanaga – Short poems consisting of four lines
• Philippine tribal music antedates the first
with seven syllables each that rhyme at the end
Filipino musician trained in western music in the
of each line
17th century
• Ladino Poems – Were natives of first tagalog
• Marcelo Adonay, trained by the Augustinian
versifiers who saw print: highly literate in both
Order in 19th century, he is the composer of full
Spanish and the vernacular
orchestral accompaniments to the grand mass
• Corridos – Were widely read during the Spanish
• Jose Estrella composed stage music at the turn
period that filled the populace’s need for
of the century, and wrote several operas and
entertainment as well as edifying reading
the first complete symphony.
matter in their leisure moments.
• Rondalla was introduced and became part of
• Awit – like corridos, these were also widely
the contemporary music
read during Spanish period as entertaining,
• The following are the famous songs:
edifying, reading manner in their leisure time. It
o 1. Bayan Ko,Cavaitina, Habanera Filipina
is also a fabrication of the writer’s imagination
o 2. Hating-gabi, Katakataka, Kundiman
although the characters and the setting may be
(B. Abdon)
European, the structure is rendered
o Kundiman (F. P de Leon)
dodecasyllabic quatrains
o Lagi Kitang Naalala, Matud Nila, Mutya
• From 1898 and well ahead into the decade of
ng Pasig, No Du Duame Pay, Sa
the 1940s – is known as Edad de Oro del
Kabukiran, Salamisim and Sarung
Castellano en Filipinas
Bangui (Santos)
• Some of the prominent writers of this era were
LITERATURE AND THEATER Wenceslao Retana, Claro M. Recto, both in
drama and essay
• Pre- Hispanic Philippine literature were actually • Antonio M. Abad, Guillermo Gomez Wydham in
epics passed on from generation to generation the narrative
originally through oral tradition • Fernando Maria Guerero and Manuel Bernabe
• Wealthy Families, especially in Mindanao were both in poetry
able to keep transcribed copies of these epics as
 • The Americans brought the newspaper, as well • Types of Filipino dance include Cordillera,
as the English language, and today a body of Muslim, tribal, rural, Spanish style dances
literature exists in English.
• Despite of this, it is generally hoped that the
great Filipino novel will still be written in the
national language.
• Contemporary theater makes up the greater CONTEMPORARY VISUAL ARTS FROM THE REGION
part of the Philippine theater. • Sculpture is the most familiar art forms among
• There are revivals of Zarzuelas (political and Filipinos
social satires) and the rural theater circuit • From the transitional carving of anitos and
usually provide welcome spectacles of the santos and down to saints
moro-moro, and the cenaculo, the latter version • Filipinos find it rather not difficult as they are
of the passion play. already familiar with the ways of the wood
DRAMAS o Wood
o Stone
• Moriones – Refers to the helmets of o Clays
participants dressed in Roman Soldiers, found o Metals
only in Marinduque, it is down during Holy
Week HIGANTES OF ANGONO RIZAL
• Panunuluyan – The tagalog version of the • It was started during Spanish colonial times
Mexican las Posadas, and literally means • It was borrowed to kampong of Binangonan
“seeking passage”. Held during Christmas but when was once a hacienda and ruled by Spanish
especially on Christmas eve. Hacienderos, the Guido
• Pangangaluwa – A practice formerly • The Angono land tillers way of protesting their
widespread during All Saints’ Day which literally struggle is by making a giant
means for the souls
• Salubong – A ritual performed in the early SCULPTURES OF PAETE, LAGUNA
morning of Easter Sunday a few after the easter
• The name Paete derived from the word paet,
vigil before mass.
which means chisel
• Senakulo – Essentially a passion play, which
• Jose Rizal described Paete as a town where
depicts the passion and death of Jesus Christ
“carpenter shops” were issuing images (chapter
• Santacruzan – Performed during the month of
VI Noli me Tangere)
May, which reenacts Saint Helena’s finding of
• Its statues, pulpits, murals and bas relief are
the true cross.
found in churches, palaces, and museums all
• Comedia – It is about a courtly love between, a
over the world
prince and a princess of different religions, and
• Mariano Madrinan – Mater Dolorosa
highlights concepts of colonial attitudes to
Christian-Muslim TAKA OF PAETE
• Duplo – A forerunner of the balagtasan.
• Taka refers to papier Mache made using carved
• Karagatan- comes from the legendary practice
wooded sculpture used as mold.
of testing the mettle of young men vying for a
• The craft originated in the town of Paete,
maiden’s hand. The maiden’s ring would be
Laguna
dropped into the sea and whoever retrieves it
• Taka was pioneered by Maria Piday
would have the girl’s hand
• Piday was also a maker of toys such as yoyo,
DANCE hand puppet
• Common traditional subjects of taka include the
• There are many different types of Filipino
manok, kabayo, kalabaw, dalaga.
dances varying in influence and region
GIANT LANTERN FESTIVAL OF PAMPANGA
 • It is an annual festival held in December in San • It is the term for geometric and flowing designs
Fernando Pampanga which are often based on an elaborate leaf and
• The lantern industry evolved from the giant vive pattern and folk motifs that can be usually
lantern festival found in Maranao and Muslim-influenced
• More innovations were introduced to the giant artwork
lanterns. Colored plastics replaced traditional • An ancient proof of Okir’s style of flowering
papel de hapon. symbols is the torogan, the ancestral home of
• Large steel barrels called rotors also substituted the highest titleholder in a Maranao village
the hand-controlled switches manipulate the
THE SARIMANOK OF MARANAO
lights
• Lanterns today have grown in size, • It is a legendary bird of the Maranao people
approximately 20 feet and illuminated by about who originates from Mindanao.
3500 to 5000 light bulbs • It comes from the word “sari” means cloth or
garment and “manok” means chicken
SANICULAS COOKIE MOLD CARVINGS OF PAMPANGA
• It has become a feathered tail, holding a fish on
• Saniculas cookies are arrowroot cookies that its beak. The head is profusely decorated with
have the image of St. Nicholas molded on it (the scrool, leaf, and spiral motifs.
healers)
THE TOROGAN OF MARANAO
• The molds are an exceptional piece of folk art
and rarity • Torogan means bahay Lakan
• The molds are made of hardwood and are of • It is a type of house indigenous to Maranao
different shapes and sizes. They would have a communities which is a symbol of high social
carved piece and a wooden presser status
• It was introduced by the Augustinian Friars in • It is elevated above the ground by its columns
honor of the feast day of St. Nicholas de cut from trees and huge girth
Tolentino • It will never be complete without the legendary
bird, sarimanok being displayed inside
SINGKABAN OR BAMBOO ART OF BULACAN
THE HAGABI OF IFUGAO
• It is the art of shaving bamboo into artful
creations that can be used as décor for arches • It is a long wooden bench placed under the
or for the home. eaves in the stone paved-yard that surrounds
• Singkabans are artfully-made entrance arches the house
used during fiestas and other important events • It signifies an individual family’s wealth and
in Bulacan prestige belonging to the rank of wealthy who
can afford to perform “hagabi Feast
THE BUL-UL OF IFUGAO
PABALAT OR BORLAS DE PASTILLAS OF BULACAN
• It is a carved wooden figure used to guard rice
crop by the Igorot of northern Luzon • The pastillas in bulacan are wrapped with
• The sculptures are highly stylized decorative wrappers known pabalat or borlas
representation of ancestors • The pabalat or borlas are made of colorful
• Bul-uls are used in ceremonies associated with Japanese papers which are cut with intricate
rice production designs
• Male and female Bul-ul statues are often found
together THE PUNI OR PALM LEAF FOLDING OF BULACAN
• It is touched by hands dipped in blood of a • It refers to the art of coconut leaf weaving
chicken or pig in ritual called tunod during rice • Puni is tagalog term from the province of
planting season Bulacan which means to beautify or decorate
OKIR DESIGN OF MARANAO with the use of coconut leaf
 • The most common permutation of puni art is such as wading, flying, and short, choppy steps,
the palaspas we see every holy week as well as the way it splashes water on its back
to attract a mate.
WEAVING THE MALONG OF MARANAO

• It is a traditional “tube skirt” made of

handwoven or machine-made multicolored TINIKLING FROM LEYTE AND THE VISAYAS REGIONS
cotton cloth, bearing a variety of geometric or
• Traditional dance which originated from Leyte
okir designs
during Spanish colonial era
• It is traditionally used as a garment by
• This dance imitates the movement of the tikling
numerous tribes in the Southern Philippines and
birds as it walks around through tall grass and
the Sulu archipelago
between tree branches.
TRIBAL COSTUMES OF B’LAAN, KALINGA, T’BOLI, AND
THE SAYAW SA BANGKO FROM PANGASINAN
BAGOBO
• It is a dance which originates from Pangasinan
• B’laans- are one of the indigenous peoples of
• Performers dance on top of a narrow bench
Southern Mindanao. They are famous for their
that is normally six inches to another
brassworks, beadwork and t’nalak weave
• Dancers need good balance as they go through
• Kalinga- are called the “peacocks” because of
a series of movements that include some
their attention to appearance and dressing.
impressive acrobatics
• T’boli- distinguish themselves from other tribal
groups by their colorful clothes, bracelets, and BINASUAN FROM PANGASINAN
earrings, this tribe is famous for their
complicated beadwork • Dancers carefully balance three half-filled
• Bagobo- are proud people with proto-mayan glasses of rice wine on their heads and hands as
features. They have ornate traditions in they gracefully spin and roll on the ground.
weaponry and other metal • The arms rotated over and under the shoulder
in order to keep the palms facing up so as not
PAGBUBURDA OF LAGUNA AND BATANGAS so spill the liquid while nevertheless allowing
the radius to cross over the ulna via pronation
• It is also known as Philippine embroidery; it is
an art used in decorating textiles which has PANDANGGO SA ILAW FROM MINDANAO
brought to the Philippines by the Spaniard
• It is a very popular folk dance and similar to a
PHILIPPINE TRADITIONAL FOLK DANCES OF THE Spanish fandango
PHILIPPINES • The phrase “ilaw” is tagalog from “light” and it
refers to the three oil lamps that a dancer has
• The Philippines has many folk dances which
to balance-one on the head and one on the
have evolved and changed as they have been
back each hand.
passed down from generation to generation.
• The oil lamp is called tinhoy
• A particular dance might be performed slightly
• Sometimes, candles in glasses are used instead
differently from one region to the next but it
of an oil lamp
remains true to its roots.
• Give some folk dances that you know. THE MAGLALATIK FROM BINAN LAGUNA
• Show some steps……
• It is also known magbabao is a mock-war dance
ITIK-ITIK FRO SURIGAO that depicts fight over coconut meat, a highly
prized food
• It is a mimetic folk dance
• Coconut shell halves are secured onto dancers’
• It is originated in the province of Surigao
hands and on vests upon which are hung four or
• From tagalog word means duck.
six more coconut shell halves
• The dance steps imitate the movements of
ducks among rice paddies and swamplands, KURATSA FROM THE VISAYAS REGION
 • It is described as a danced of courtship and is the dancers through various formations that
often performed at weddings and other social resemble an old-fashioned quadrille
occasions
• It has three parts
• First – the couple performs a waltz
• Second – the music sets faster pace as the man
pursues the woman around the dance floor in a SINGKIL OF MARANAO
chase • It is a traditionally performed by single women
• Third – the music becomes even faster as the to attract the attention of potential suitors.
man wins over the woman with his mating • The singkil originated from Maranao people
dance who inhabit the shores of Lake Lanao
LA JOTA MONCADEῆA FROM ILOCOS • It also derived from a story of Darangen

• It is an old Spanish dance POLKABAL

• It is a combination of Spanish and Ilocano dance • It shows some European influence steps
steps set to Spanish music and castanets • The dance is composed of nine different steps
• A more solemn version of this dance is which include various moments such as
sometimes used to accompany a funeral fluttering, stepping heel to toe, a reenactment
procession, but also performed at celebrations of a bull fight, and even a leisurely walk
THE KAPPA MALONG-MALONG FROM MINDANAO • It is adapted from polka and balse

• It is a Muslim-influenced dance. The malong is a LA ESTUDIANTINA FROM SAMAR AND QUEZON

tubular garment, and the dance essentially • It is a Spanish-inspired dance of the Philippines
shows the many ways can be worn • It is classified as the Sayawing Maria Clara,
PANTOMINA FROM BICOL REGION refers to a women’s style of clothing popular
during Spanish times
• Spanish term for pantomime
• It was originally a wedding dance from the town PASIGUIN FROM CAPIZ
of Bicol’ Estandarte and Sorsogon • It is a frolicking dance representing fishes
• This dance is traditionally performed during getting out from torn fishnets locally called sibot
wedding festivities by the couple and their in Capiz
visitors • This dance is about a fisherman trying to catch
HABANERA BOTOLENA FROM ZAMBALES bangus, shripms, and sugpo with the use of
sabot, not knowing it has a big hole
• It is a folk dance that originated from Cuba
• It is also known as Danza or Danza habanera CARIÑOSA FROM PANAY
• The habanera is a social dance in duple time • It is a Philippine folk dance of Hispanic origin
and it is usually performed in a ballroom or on a • The word carinosa is from the Spanish carinosa
stage. meaning the affectionate one
• This dance is for wedding occasion and also a • This is a courtship dance that portrays acts of
courting dance in some situations flirtation between a man a woman.
SURTIDO FROM CEBU AND SAMAR • The dancers perform steps resembling hide and
seek movements
• Surtido literally means “assortment” and this
square dance combines influences of French, MAZURKA BOHOLANA FROM BOHOL
Spanish, and Mexican dance • It is a Spanish inspired ballroom dance from the
• Traditionally it is performed by a head of couple Bohol province
accompanied by two other couples who lead all • Filipina performers of dances like Mazurka
Boholana each wears a Maria Clara
ALCAMFOR FROM LEYTE THE GOLDEN AGE OF DIGITAL FILM

• It is a couples’ dance • In 2006-2007, Filipino filmmakers started

• The girls hold a handkerchief laced with making movies using digital media.
camphor, a substance that is locally thought to • DUDA is an example of how a man driven an
induce romance idea for a film, against all odds, can succeed in
• She flirts with the man by waving her scented creating a significant statement
handkerchief in front of his face. • Writer/director Crisaldo Pablo used a cast of
friends and some professional actors, and with
THE STATE OF PHILIPPINE CINEMA
Sony VX-1, a hi camcorder, made the first full
• Let’s Play Charade length digital-movie ever shot in the Philippines
• Isang Bala ka Lang • It was followed by Adolf Alix, made waves with
• Pinulot ka lang sa Lupa his movie about DONSOL
• Petrang Kabayo • Other filmmakers of note include Jeffrey
• Enteng Kabisote Jeturian, Aureus Solito, and Brilliante Mendoza
• Kabisera with his 2007 Filipino version of Danish Dogme
95 and Italian Ci
2000’S DECLINE OF MOVIES AND EMERGENCE OF INDIE
FILMS MULTI - AWARDED INDIE FILMS

• The dawn of this era saw a dramatic decline of • Numerous works of a new breed of filmmakers
the Philippine movie industry had their seen at the prestigious film festivals
• Hollywood films dominated mainstream cinema around the world like in Berlin, Cannes, Venice,
even more, and fewer than twenty quality local Vienna, and Rotterdam with several winning
films were being produced and shown yearly prizes and awards
• Many producers and production houses later • Ang Pagdadalaga ni Maximo Oliveros (2005) by
stopped producing films after losing millions of Auraeus Solito
pesos. • Kubrador (2006) by Jeffrey Jeturian
• A new sense of excitement and trend • Todo Todo Tero (2006) by John Torres
enveloped the industry with coming of digital • Tribu (2007) by Jim Libiran
and experimental cinema • In 2007, a Filipino Film entitled “Napapanggap”
• ANINO by Raymond Red is a short film which by Debbie Formoso, had a successful run in a
won in the different international film awards number of US film festivals
• Palmed’Or and Cannes Film Festival in 2000 • Pedro Joaquin Valdes’ “Bulong”, as well as
• Cheaper production cost using digital media documentaries, garnered international
over the film has helped the rebirth of attention and honors
independent filmmaking • In 2008, Serbis by Brillante Mendoza became
the first Filipino full-length film to compete for
GNS OF THE REBIRTH OF THE PHILIPPINE CINEMA Palmed’Or at the Cannes Film Festival
• In 2002, Gil Portes released Mga Munting Tinig, • The same year, the first full length animated
a subdued movie about the teacher who film “Urduja”, top billed by Cesar Montano and
inspired students to follow their dreams Regine Velasquez as voices behind the lead
• A year later, Mark Meily’s comedy Crying characters
Ladies, about three Filipinas working as • Later in the year, the Philippine movie industry
professional mourners in Manila’s Chinatown took center stage at the 6th Edtition of the
but looking for other ways to earn a living Festival Paris Cinema 2008 in France:
• Also, that same year, Maryo J. Delos Reyes • Caregiver (Sharon Cuneta)
made a buzz at various film festivals Magnifico, • Ploning (Judy Ann Santos)
a simple film with universal appeal about a boy • Dayo: Sa Mundo ng Elementalia (animated)
trying to help his family survive their hardships
 • In 2009, Brillante Mendoza was judged as the CATEGORIES UNDER WHICH NATIONAL ARTISTS CAN
best director at the 62nd Cannes Film Festival BE RECOGNIZED ORIGINALLY INCLUDED
for his film “Kinatay”
 Music - singing, composition, direction, and/or
performance;
 Dance - choreography, direction and/or
COMMERCIAL RENAISSANCE
performance;
 2009, “You Changed my Life” (Sarah Geronimo)  Theater – direction, performance and/or
P 230 M, first Filipino movie to breach the 200M production design;
pesos Mark  Contemporary Arts – painting, sculpture,
 2011, is the most fruitful year in Philippine printmaking, photography, installation art,
Cinema history mixed media works, illustration, graphic arts,
 The Unkabogable Praybet Benjamin – P332 M performance art and/or imaging;
 No Other Woman – P279 M  Literature – poetry, fiction, essay, playwriting,
 Enteng ng Ina Mo- P238 M journalism and/or literary criticism;
 In 2013, It takes a Man and a Woman has a  Film and Broadcasting/Broadcast Arts –
gross of P375M (highest grossing Filipino Film direction, writing, production design,
All Time) cinematography, editing, camera work, and/or
 In 2014, Lav Diaz’s Film, Mula sa Kung Ano Ako performance; and
Noon won the Golden Leopard at Locarno Film  Architecture, Design and Allied Arts–
Festival next to Flor Contemplacion Story architecture design, interior design, industrial
arts design, landscape architecture and fashion
MORE COMMERCIAL MOVIES design
 Amazing Praybet Benjamin- P450 M THE NATIONAL ARTIST OF THE PHILIPPINES ARE BASED
 Feng Shui is the highest grossing Filipino Horror ON A BROAD CRITERIA, AS SET FORTH BY THE
film CULTURAL CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THE
 In 2015, a new box-office breaking record has NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CULTURE AND THE ARTS
been set as “A second Chance” earns P556 M
 Living artists who have been Filipino citizens for
ORDER OF THE NATIONAL ARTISTS AWARD ORDEN NF the last ten years prior to nomination as well as
MGA PAMBANSANG ALAGAD NG SINING those who have died after the establishment of
 Proclamation No. 1001 dated April 27, 1972 the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at
(National Artists Award) the time of their death;
 Proclamation No. 1144 dated May 15, 1973  Artists who have helped build a Filipino sense of
(CCP as the Committee) nationhood through the content and form of
 Republic Act No. 7356 dated April 2, 1992 their works;
(NCCA was organized  Artists who have distinguished themselves by
pioneering in a mode of creative expression or
OBJECTIVES style, making an impact on succeeding
generations of artists;
 Filipino artists who have made significant
 Artists who have created a significant body of
contributions to the cultural heritage of the
works and/or have consistently displayed
country
excellence in the practice of their art form,
 Filipino artistic accomplishment at its highest
enriching artistic expression or style; and
level and to promote creative expression as
 Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through
significant to the development of a national
prestigious national and/or international
cultural identity
recognition, awards in prestigious national
 Filipino artists who have dedicated their lives to
and/or international events, critical acclaim
their works to forge new paths and direction for
and/or reviews of their works, and/or respect
future generations of Filipino Artists
 and esteem from peers within an artistic Republic Act No. 7355, the Manlilikha ng Bayan
discipline Act.
 The National Culture and the Arts oversees its
implementation
 The Main objective of the award is to honor and
support traditional folk artists and to see to it
PROCESS
that their skills and crafts are preserved
 Nominations are then submitted to the National  The award is tied with program that ensures the
Artist Secretariat that is created by the National transfer of their skills to new generations and
Artist Award Committee; the promotion of the craft both locally and
 experts from the different art fields then sit on a internationally
First Deliberation to prepare the short list of  In 2014, the senate of the Philippines adopted
nominees. Senate resolution No. 765 aimed at recognizing
 A Second Deliberation, which is a joint meeting the accomplishments of the country’s living
of the Commissioners of the NCCA and the treasures
Board of Trustees of the CCP, decides on the EMBLEM
final nominees.
 The list is then forwarded to the President of  The award logo is a representation of the
the Philippines, who, by Presidential human form used in traditional cloth. Below the
Proclamation, proclaims the final nominees as logo is the phrase “Manlilikha ng Bayan” written
members of the Order of National Artists. in Baybayin, an ancient Filipino script used in
the Philippines in the 16th century
HONORS AND PRIVILEGES
CRITERIA
 The rank and title of National Artist, as
proclaimed by the President of the Philippines;  Should be a Filipino Citizen or group of citizens
 The insignia of a National Artist and a citation; belonging to an indigenous/traditional cultural
 A lifetime emolument and material and physical community anywhere in the Philippines,
benefits comparable in value to those received engaged in Filipino traditional art in the
by the highest officers of the land such as: following categories:
 a cash award of one hundred thousand pesos  Folk architecture
(₱100,000.00) net of taxes, for living awardees;  Maritime transport
 a cash award of seventy-five thousand pesos  Weaving
(₱75,000.00) net of taxes, for posthumous  Carving
awardees, payable to legal heir/s;  Performing arts of traditional culture
 a monthly life pension, medical and  Literature
hospitalization benefits;  Graphic and plastic art
 life insurance coverage for Awardees who are  Ornament
still insurable;  textile or fiber art
 a state funeral and burial at the Libingan ng mga  pottery
Bayani  and other artistic expressions
 Should have been engaged in the tradition and
GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN OR THE NATIONAL
craft for a significant period of time with at least
LIVING TREASURES AWARD
50 years of existence and documentation
 It is conferred on Filipinos who are at the  Should have produced and performed with
forefront of the practice, preservation, and artistic, distinctive, and superior quality
promotion of the nation’s traditional folk arts  Should possess mastery of the tools and
 The state recognition of such sociocultural materials that are needed and must have a
contributions was formalized in 1992 through reputation for being an art master and craft
maker in the community where he/she belongs
  Should have passed on and / or will pass on the • Once selected, the President of the Philippines
traditional crafts and skills to other members of confers the awardees in a public ceremony in
the community by virtue of teaching Malacañang Palace
 In case when a Manlilikha ng Bayan candidate is
AWARDS AND INCENTIVES
incapable of teaching further his/her craft and
skill due to age or infirmity; • The Awardee will receive the following:
 He/she should have created a significant body • A specially designed medallion and plaque, with
of work and has contributed to the duplicate set that should be donated and
development of the tradition and craft displayed in a provincial museum or the largest
 He/she should have played a role in the cultural center in the awardee’s community
preservation and revitalization of the artistic • An initial grant of P100,000 and a P14, 000 –
tradition of community lifetime stipend per month
 He/she has been recognized as a master of • A maximum cumulative amount of P750, 000
his/her craft and admired for his character and medical and hospitalization benefits as well as a
integrity in his/her community funeral assistance similar as those received by
the National Artists
PROCESS
COMPARE AND CONTRAST
The Panel
NATIONAL ARTIST AWARD
 It is composed of a representative from
each of the committees of the sub-  Awarded by the NCCA
commission on Cultural Communities and  Excellence
Traditional Arts, such as the Office of the  Mastery of medium and technique
Muslim Affairs (OMA), the National  Impeccable craftsmanship
Commission on Indigenous People (NCIP)  Promotes universal values
 The ad hoc Panel of reviewers is composed
NATIONAL LIVING TREASURES AWARD
of five members of the GaMaBa Committee
 Four individuals identified by the committee  Awarded by the NCCA
among scholars, practitioners and experts in  Excellence
the traditional art  Mastery of medium and technique
The Nominations  Impeccable craftsmanship
 Promotes indigenous beliefs/ethnic culture
 It can come from members of the ad hoc
panel of experts MGA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN
 The sub-commissions on cultural  GAMABA AWARDEES
communities and traditional arts  NATIONAL LIVING TREASURES AWARDEES
 Government or private and institutions
 Universities and other persons MASINO INTARAY (+2013)
knowledgeable of any of the categories  Musician and storyteller, Pala’wan
The screening  Brookes Point Palawan
 Awarded 1993
• The ad Hoc search committee is deployed to  Is an outstanding master of the basal (young
various priority areas in the country to conduct women’s rapid stamping rhtym)
searches and document the candidates’ art  Kulilal (highly lyrical poem expressing
/craft passionate love)
• The ad Hoc panel of the reviewers review the
 Bagit (is strictly instrumental music depicting
qualification of the candidates
the rhythms, movements, and sounds of nature
• They will submit their recommendations to the
like bird, monkeys etc.
NCAA Board of Commissioners.
  He also plays the aroding (mouth harp), babarak • She is known with her sinukla, bandura,
(ring flute) binuway
 He is also a prolific and pre-eminent epic
ALONZO SACLAG
chanter and story teller
• Musician
GINAW BILOG (+2003)
• Kalinga
 Poet, Hanunuo Mangyan • Lubugan, Kalinga
 Panaytayan, Oriental Mindoro • 2000
 Awarded 1993 • A kalinga master of dance and the performing
 A common cultural aspect among cultural arts
communities nationwide is the oral • He has made it his mission to create and
tradition by poetic verses which are either nurture a greater consciousness and
sung or chanted appreciation of kalinga culture
 Ambahan a poetic literary from composed • Through his music it helped to stop tribal war
of seven-syllable lines used to convey FEDERICO CABALLERO
messages through metaphors and image
• Epic Chanter
SAMAON SULAIMAN (+2011) • Sulod-Bukidnod
 Musician • Calinog, Iloilo
 Mamasa Pano, Maguindanao • Awarded 2000
 Awarded 1993 • Humadapnon and Labaw Dunggon Epics
 He has achieved the highest level of excellence • Traveling from barangay to barangay, trying to
in the art of kutyapi (plucked lute) playing convince the older folk of the necessity and
 His extensive repertoire of dinaladay, linapu, benefits of learning to read and write
binalig, and other forms and styles UWANG AHADA
 He is also proficient in kulintang, agong,
gandingan, palendang • Musician
• Yakan
LANG DULAY (+2015) • Lamitan, Basilan
 Textile weaver • Awarded 2000
• His instrumental music is of much significance,
 T’boli
connected as is with both the agricultural cycle
 Lake Sebu, South Cotabato
and the social realm,
 Awarded 1998
• One old agricultural tradition involves the
 Known with her t’nalak (weaving)
Kwintangan Kayu, an instrument consisting of
 She knows a hundred designs, including
five wooden logs hung horizontally, from the
bulinglangit (clouds), the bankiring (hair bangs)
shortest to the longest
and the kabangi (butterfly)
• Kwintangan Kayu is played to serenade the
 Her textiles reflect the wisdom and the visions
palay
of her people
DARHATA SAWABI (+2005)
SALINTA MONON (+2009)
• Textile Weaver
• Textile Weaver
• Tausug
• Tagabawa Bagobo
• Parang, Sulu
• Bansalan, Davao del Sur
• Awarded 2004
• Awarded 1998
• She was known with her pis syabit
• She built a solid reputation for the quality of her
• Pis syabit is a traditional cloth tapestry worn as
work and intricacies of her designs
a head covering by Tausug of Jolo
• She is known with abaca fabrics
EDUARDO MUTUC • From the transitional carving of anitos to the
santos to Christ and down to the saints
• Metalsmith
• Filipinos find it rather not difficult as they are
• Kapampangan
already familiar with the ways of the wood
• Apalit, Pampanga
• Awarded 2004 PHILIPPINE TRADITIONAL SCULPTURE
• Is an artist who has dedicated his life to creating
• Napoleon Abueva – Father of Philippine
religious and secular art in silver, bronze and
Modern Sculpture
wood
• Guillermo Tolentino – Renowned artist known
• His intricately detailed retablos, mirrors, altars,
for transforming shapes
and carosas are in churches and private
• Abdulmari Imao – First Moro/Tausug was
collection
named National Artist for Sculpture
HAJA AMINA APPI (+2013) • Charlie Co – His art known to provoke and
inspire reflection on current issues
• Mat Weaver
• Sama ART PRODUCTION
• Tabdubas, Tawi-Tawi
• Sculptural processes are done in ways most
• Her colorful mats with their complex geometric
suitable to the available material
patterns exhibit her precise sense of design,
• STONE, WOOD, METALS, BRONZE, TERACOTTA,
proportion, and symmetry and sensitivity to
ICE, VEGETABLE/FRUIT
color
• The process starts with the harvesting of FOUR BASIC SCULPTURE TECHNIQUES
pandan leaves then she strips the leaves with
jangat deyum or stripper to make long and even • Sculpture process can be either subtractive
strip where the material is removed or carved out
until the desired form is visible or additive
TEOFILO GARCIA • 1. an additive process, as opposed to carving,
the other main sculptural technique, in which
• Casque Maker
portions of a hard substance are cut away to
• Ilocano
reveal form. Unlike carving, corrections are
• San Quintin, Abra
possible during modeling, and the result—fired
• Awarded 2012
clay or preserved wax—is not as permanent as a
• He is known with his Tabungaw (it is a unique,
stone or wood carving.
functional, and elegant headpiece that shields a
person from rain and sun CARVING
MAGDALENA GAMAYO • An object or pattern made by cutting a shape in
wood or stone for decoration
• Textile Weaver
• Ilocano CASTING
• Pinili, Ilocos Norte
• Awarded 2012 • Manufacturing process in which liquid material
• She is known with her Abel (textile made of is usually poured into a mold which contains a
quality cotton) hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then
• No better artists who exemplify the best of allowed to solidify
Filipino abel-weaving tradition than he ASSEMBLING
PHILIPPINE SCULPTURE • Assemblage is a creative method of sculpture
• Philippine Sculpture is the most familiar art incorporating everyday found objects into a
forms among Filipinos three-dimensional sculpture and can be used to
create dramatic, humorous, and emotional
works of art