Annexure-I

FACULTY OF LAW
OSMANIA UNIVERSITY
SYLLABUS OF LL.B. (3-YDC)

(w.e.f. the Academic Year 2017-2018)

LL.B. I SEMESTER

PAPER-I:
LAW OF CONTRACT–I
Unit-I:
Definition and essentials of a valid Contract - Definition and essentials of a valid
Offer - Definition and essentials of valid Acceptance - Communication of Offer
and Acceptance - Revocation of Offer and Acceptance through various modes
including electronic medium - Consideration - salient features - Exception to
consideration - Doctrine of Privity of Contract - Exceptions to the privity of
contract - Standard form of Contract.
Unit-II:
Capacity of the parties - Effect of Minor's Agreement - Contracts with insane
persons and persons disqualified by law - Concepts of Free Consent - Coercion -
Undue influence - Misrepresentation - Fraud - Mistake - Lawful Object - Immoral
agreements and various heads of public policy - illegal agreements – Uncertain
agreements - Wagering agreements - Contingent contracts - Void and Voidable
contracts.
Unit-III:
Discharge of Contracts - By performance - Appropriation of payments -
Performance by joint promisors - Discharge by Novation - Remission - Accord
and Satisfaction - Discharge by impossibility of performance (Doctrine of
Frustration) - Discharge by Breach - Anticipatory Breach - Actual breach.
Unit-IV:
Quasi Contract - Necessaries supplied to a person who is incapable of entering
into a contract - Payment by an interested person - Liability to pay for non-
gratuitous acts - Rights of finder of lost goods – Things delivered by mistake or
coercion - Quantum merit - Remedies for breach of contract - Kinds of damages –
liquidated and unliquidated damages and penalty - Duty to mitigate.
Unit-V:
Specific Relief - Recovering possession of property - Specific performance of the
contract - Rectification of instruments - Rescission of contracts - Cancellation of
instruments-Declaratory Decrees-Preventive Relief-Injunctions - Generally - Temporary
and Perpetual injunctions - Mandatory & Prohibitory injunctions – Injunctions to
perform negative agreement.
Suggested Readings:
1. Anson: Law of Contract, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
2. Krishnan Nair: Law of Contract , S.Gogia & Co., Hyderabad.
3. G.C.V. Subba Rao: Law of Contract, S.Gogia & Co., Hyderabad.
4. T.S.Venkatesha Iyer: Law of Contract, revised by Dr.V.Krishnama Chary, S.
Gogia & Co.
5. Avatar Singh: Law of Contract , Eastern Book Company, Lucknow.

PAPER-II:
FAMILY LAW–I (Hindu Law)

Unit-I:
Sources of Hindu Law – Scope and application of Hindu Law – Schools of Hindu
Law - Mitakshara and Dayabhaga Schools – Concept of Joint Family, Coparcenary,
Joint Family Property and Coparcenary Property – Institution of Karta- Powers
and Functions of Karta - Pious Obligation - Partition – Debts and alienation of
property.

Unit-II:
Marriage - Definition - Importance of institution of marriage under Hindu Law –
Conditions of Hindu Marriage – Ceremonies and Registration – Monogamy –
Polygamy-Recent Trends in the institution of marriage.

Unit-III:
Matrimonial Remedies under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 - Restitution of
Conjugal Rights – Nullity of marriage – Judicial separation – Divorce –
Maintenance pendente lite – importance of conciliation- Role of Family Courts in
Resolution of matrimonial disputes.

Unit-IV:
Concept of Adoption – Historical perspectives of adoption in India – In country and inter-
country adoptions - Law of Maintenance - Law of Guardianship – The Hindu
Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956 – The Hindu Minority and Guardianship
Act 1956.

Unit-V:
Succession – Intestate succession – Succession to the property of Hindu Male and
Female; Dwelling House – The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 as amended by the
Hindu Succession (Andhra Pradesh Amendment) Act, 1986 & the Hindu
Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 – Notional Partition – Classes of heirs –
Enlargement of limited estate of women into their absolute estate – Daughter’s right
to inherit ancestral property and impact of recent changes in law.

Suggested Readings:
1. Paras Diwan : Modern Hindu Law, Allahabad Agency, Delhi.
2. Paras Diwan : Family Law, Allahabad Agency, Delhi.
3. Mayne: Hindu Law - Customs and Usages , Bharat Law House, New Delhi.
4. Sharaf: Law of Marriage and Divorce.
5. G.C.V. Subba Rao, Family Law in India, S. Gogia & Company, Hyderabad.
6. Mayne’s Treatise on Hindu Law & Usage, Bharath Law House.
7. Y.F. Jaya Kumar, Horizons of Family Law in India-Select Essays(2017) ,
Spandana Publications, Secunderabad

PAPER-III:
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-I

Unit-I:
Constitution-Meaning and Significance - Evolution of Modern Constitutions -
Classification of Constitutions- Indian Constitution - Historical Perspectives -
Government of India Act, 1919-Government of India Act, 1935-Drafting of
Indian Constitution - Role of Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly

Unit-II:
Nature and Salient Features of Indian Constitution - Preamble to Indian
Constitution - Union and its Territories-Citizenship - General Principles relating to
Fundamental Rights(Art.13) - Definition of State

Unit-III:
Right to Equality(Art.14-18) – Freedoms and Restrictions under Art.19 -
Protection against Ex-post facto law - Guarantee against Double Jeopardy -
Privilege against Self-incrimination - Right to Life and Personal Liberty - Right to
Education – Protection against Arrest and Preventive Detention

Unit-IV:
Rights against Exploitation - Right to Freedom of Religion - Cultural and
Educational Rights - Right to Constitutional Remedies - Limitations on
Fundamental Rights(Art.31-A,B and C)

Unit-V:
Directive Principles of State Policy – Significance – Nature – Classification -
Application and Judicial Interpretation - Relationship between Fundamental Rights
and Directive Principles - Fundamental Duties – Significance - Judicial
Interpretation
Suggested Readings:
1. M.P.Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, Wadhwa & Co, Nagpur
2. V.N.Shukla, Constitution of India, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow
3. Granville Austin, Indian Constitution-Cornerstone of a Nation, OUP, New
Delhi
4. H.M.Seervai, Constitutional Law of India (in 3 Volumes), N.M.Tripathi,
Bombay
5. G.C.V.Subba Rao, Indian Constitutional Law, S.Gogia & Co., Hyderabad
6. B.Shiva Rao: Framing of India’s Constitution (in 5 Volumes), Indian
Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi
7. J.N.Pandey, Constitutional Law of India, Central Law Agency, Allahabad

PAPER-IV:
LAW OF TORTS INCLUDING MOTOR VEHICLE
ACCIDENTS AND CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS

Unit-I:
Nature of Law of Torts - Definition of Tort - Elements of Tort - Development of
Law of Torts in England and India - Wrongful Act and Legal Damage - Damnum
Sine Injuria and Injuria Sine Damno - Tort distinguished from Crime and Breach of
Contract - General Principles of Liability in Torts - Fault - Wrongful intent -
Malice - Negligence - Liability without fault - Statutory liability - Parties to
proceedings.

Unit-II
General Defences to an action in Torts – Vicarious Liability - Liability of the State
for Torts – Defence of Sovereign Immunity – Joint Liability – Liability of Joint
Toreadors – Rule of Strict Liability (Ryland’s V Fletcher) – Rule of Absolute Liability
(MC Mehta vs. Union of India) – Occupiers liability – Extinction of liability – Waiver
and Acquiescence – Release – Accord and Satisfaction - Death.

Unit-III
Specific Torts - Torts affecting the person - Assault - Battery - False
Imprisonment – Malicious Prosecution - Nervous Shock - Torts affecting
Immovable Property - Trespass to land - Nuisance - Public Nuisance and Private
Nuisance - Torts relating to movable property – Liability arising out of accidents
(Relevant provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act).
Unit-IV
Defamation - Negligence - Torts against Business Relations - Injurious falsehood -
Negligent Misstatement - Passing off - Conspiracy - Torts affecting family relations
- Remedies - Judicial and Extra-judicial Remedies –Damages – Kinds of Damages
– Assessment of Damages – Remoteness of damage - Injunctions - Death in
relation to tort - Action personalis moritur cum persona.

Unit-V
Consumer Laws: Common Law and the Consumer - Duty to take care and liability
for negligence - Product Liability - Consumerism - Consumer Protection Act, 1986
- Salient features of the Act - Definition of Consumer - Rights of Consumers -
Defects in goods and deficiency in services – Unfair trade practices- Redressal
Machinery under the Consumer Protection Act - Liability of the Service Providers,
Manufacturers and Traders under the Act – Remedies.

Suggested Readings:
1. Winfield & Jolowicz : Law of Tort, Sweet and Maxwell, London.
2. Salmond and Heuston : Law of Torts, edition, 2nd Indian reprint, Universal
Book traders, New Delhi.
3. Ramaswamy Iyer: The Law of Torts, LexisNexis Butterworths, New Delhi.
4. PSA Pillai’s: Law of Tort, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow.
5. Durga Das Basu: The Law of Torts, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
6. Ratanlal & Dhirajlal: The Law of Torts, LexisNexis.
7. R.K.Bangia: Law of Torts, Allahabad Law Agency, Allahabad.
8. Vivienne Harpwood: Law of Torts, Cavendish Publishing Ltd. London.
9. Hepple & Mathews: Tort - Cases and Materials, Butterworth, London.
10.D.N.Saraf: Law of Consumer Protection in India, Tripati, Bombay.

PAPER–V:
ENVIRONMENTAL LAW

Unit-I
The meaning and definition of environment – Ecology - Ecosystems-Biosphere -
Biomes – Ozone depletion - Global Warning - Climatic changes - Need for the
preservation, conservation and protection of environment - Ancient Indian
approach to environment- Environmental degradation and pollution - Kinds,
causes and effects of pollution
Unit-II
Common Law remedies against pollution - trespass, negligence, and theories of
Strict Liability & Absolute Liability - Relevant provisions of I.P.C. and Cr.P.C. and
C.P.C., for the abatement of public nuisance in pollution cases - Remedies under
Specific Relief Act - Reliefs against smoke and noise - Noise Pollution.
Unit-III
The law relating to the preservation, conservation and protection of forests, wild
life and endangered species, marine life, coastal ecosystems and lakes etc. -
Prevention of cruelty towards animals - The law relating to prevention and control
of water pollution - Air Pollution - Environment pollution control mechanism -
Law relating to environment protection – Role of National Environmental
Tribunal, National Environmental Appellate Authority and National Green Tribunal.

Unit-IV:
Art. 48A and Art. 51A(g) of the Constitution of India - Right to wholesome
environment - Right to development - Restriction on freedom of trade, profession,
occupation for the protection of environment – Immunity of Environment
legislation from judicial scrutiny(Art.31C) - Legislative powers of the Centre and
State Government - Writ jurisdiction - Role of Indian Judiciary in the evolution of
environmental jurisprudence.

Unit-V
International Environmental Regime - Transactional Pollution - State Liability -
Customary International Law - Liability of Multinational corporations/Companies
- Stockholm Declaration on Human Environment, 1972 - The role of UNEP for
the protection of environment - Ramsar Convention 1971 – Bonn Convention
(Migratory Birds) 1992 - Nairobi Convention, 1982 (CFCC) - Biodiversity
Convention (Earth Summit), 1992 - Kyoto Protocol 1997, Johannesburg
Convention 2002.

Suggested Readings:
1. Armin Rosencranz and Shyam Divan: Environmental Law and Policy in
India.
2. Manoj Kumar Sinha (Ed), Environmental Law and Enforcement: The
Contemporary Challenges, Indian Law Institute, New Delhi, 2016.
3. A.Agarwal (Ed.): Legal Control of Environmental Pollution
4. Chetan Singh Mehta: Environmental Protection and Law
5. V.K. Krishna Iyyer: Environment Pollution and Law
6. Paras Diwan : Environmental Law and Policy in India,1991
7. Dr. N. Maheshwara Swamy, Environmental Law, Asia Law House,
Hyderabad.
8. P.Leela Krishnan, Environmental law in India, LexisNexis.

*****
©