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Emech Exp-1

The document discusses speed control methods for a DC shunt motor, including varying the flux per pole (field control method), varying the armature voltage (armature control method), and varying the applied voltage. Field control varies the shunt field resistance to control speed above normal, while armature control inserts a variable resistance in the armature circuit to control speed below normal. The document also lists applications of DC shunt motors like lathe machines and pumps.

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26 views

Emech Exp-1

The document discusses speed control methods for a DC shunt motor, including varying the flux per pole (field control method), varying the armature voltage (armature control method), and varying the applied voltage. Field control varies the shunt field resistance to control speed above normal, while armature control inserts a variable resistance in the armature circuit to control speed below normal. The document also lists applications of DC shunt motors like lathe machines and pumps.

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ATC
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© © All Rights Reserved
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ASHISH MOHANKA

20BEE0369

ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION

EXPERIMENT-1
SPEED CONTROL OF DC SHUNT MOTOR

BY THE GUIDANCE OF:-


Prof Anbarasan P

16/08/2021
From the above equations it is clear that the speed of dc motors can be controlled by
the following methods.

1. By varying the flux per pole (  ). This is known as flux or field control method.
2. By varying the armature drops i.e. by varying the resistance of the armature
circuit. This is known as armature voltage control method.
3. By varying the applied voltage. This is known as voltage control method.
Field Control Method
The flux produced by the shunt winding depends on the current through it [i.e.  
Ish and Ish = V / Rsh]. When a variable resistance R is connected in series with the shunt
field winding as shown in the Fig - 2, the shunt field current [ Ish = V / ( Rsh + R ) ]is
reduced and hence the flux is also reduced. So the motor runs at a speed higher than normal
speed (since N  1 / ). The amount of increase in speed depends upon the value of the
variable resistance R. This is valid only in the linear portion of If Vs flux  curve and not in
IL
the saturation region.
If
Ia
A1 R
Voltage
M F1
DC SUPPLY
A2 Rsh

F2

Fig -2
This method is most commercial as very little power is wasted in the shunt field
variable resistance due to small field current. The main disadvantage is that only speeds
above the normal speed can be obtained.

Armature Control Method


In this method speed control is done for constant field currents. This method is used
when speed below the no load speed are required. As the supply voltage is normally
constant, the voltage across the armature is varied by inserting a variable rheostat or
resistance in series with the armature circuit. As the variable resistance is increased,
potential drop across the armature is decreased thereby decreasing the armature speed. The
maximum speed that can be obtained for a given field current occurs when there is no series
resistance in the armature circuit, thus giving the armature the maximum voltage without
any series drop. Lower speeds may be obtained by introducing armature resistance in series.
IL
Ia If
F1
R
Voltage
Rsh DC
A1
SUPPLY
M F2
A2

Applications of dc shunt motor

1. lathe machine
2. drilling machine
3. loom motors
4. fans
5. blowers
6. centrifugal pumps
7. Agriculture pumps etc.
Model graph

If1
S
P
E
E
D If2

Armature voltage Va

S
P
E
E
D

N Va2

Va1

Field current, If
VIVA QUESTIONS

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