CONTENT AND CONTEXTUAL

ANALYSIS OF SELECTED PRIMARY

SOURCES IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
 •To familiarize oneself with the
primary documents in different
historical periods of the
Philippines
•To learn history through primary
OBJECTIV sources

ES: •To properly interpret primary

sources through examining the
content and context of the
document
•To understand the context
behind each selected document
 • The historian’s
primary tool of
understanding and
interpreting the past
is the historical
sources.
• Historical sources
ascertain historical
facts. Such facts are
then analyzed and
CONTENT AND CONTEXTUAL interpreted by the
ANALYSIS OF SELECTED PRIMARY historian to weave
SOURCES IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY historical narrative.
USING PRIMARY SOURCES IN
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
ENTAILS TWO KINDS OF
CRITICISM
EXTERNAL CRITICISM examines the
authenticity/ validity of the document or
the evidence being used.

INTERNAL CRITICISM examines the

truthfulness of the content of the evidence.
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
Who is Antonio Pigafetta?
Famous Italian traveler born in Vicenza around
1490 and died in the same city in 1534, who is
also known by the name of Antonio Lombardo or
Francisco Antonio Pigafetta.
He became a great friendship with Magallanes,
who accompanied, together with Juan Sebastián
Elcano, in the famous expedition to the Moluccas
begun in August of 1519 and finished in
September 1522.
  He was wounded at the
battle of the island of
Cebu (Philippines) in which
Magellan found death.
 The output of Seville
made it aboard of the
Trinity; the return, along
with a handful of survivors
(17 of the 239 who left this
adventure), in victory, ship
that entered in Sanlúcar
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST de Barrameda (Cádiz) in
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY Spain on September 6, the
designated year.
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
 In Pigafetta’s account,
their fleet reached what
he called the
LADRONES ISLANDS or
the “Islands of the
Thieves.” He recounted:
“These people have no
arms, but use sticks,
which have a fish bone
at the end. They are
poor, but ingenious,
and great thieves, and
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST for the sake of that we
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY call these three islands
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA the Ladrones Islands.”
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
The Ladrones Islands is presently known as the
Marianas Islands. Ten days after they have reached
Ladrones Islands, Pigafetta reported that they have
what he called the Isle of Zamal, now Samar but
Magellan decided to land in another uninhabited
island for greater security where they could rest for a
few days.
On MARCH 18, nine men came to them and showed
joy and eagerness in seeing them. Magellan realized
that the men were reasonable and welcomed them
with food, drinks and gifts.
 A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
Pigafetta detailed in amazement and fascination the
palm tree which bore fruits called cochos and wine.
He characterized the people as “very familiar and
friendly” and willingly showed them different islands and
the names of these islands.
The fleet went to Humunu Island (Homonhon) and there
they found what he referred to as the “Watering Place of
Good Signs.” for it is in this place that they found the first
signs of gold in the island. They named the island
together with a nearby island as the archipelago of St.
Lazarus.
 On March 25th,
Pigafetta recounted
that they saw two
balanghai (balangay),
a long boat full of
people in
Mazzava/Mazaus. The
leader whom he
referred to the king
became closely
bonded with Magellan
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST as they both
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY exchanged gifts to
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA one another.
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
After a few days, Magellan was introduced to the
king’s brother who was also a king of another island
where Pigafetta reported that they saw mines of gold.
The gold was abundant that parts of the ship and of
the house of the king were made of gold. This king
was named Raja Calambu, king of Zuluan and
Calagan (Butuan and Caragua), and the first king was
Raia Siagu.
 A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
On March 31st (Easter Sunday), Magellan ordered the
chaplain to preside a Mass by the shore. The king heard
about this plan and sent two dead pigs and attended the
Mass with the other king.
Pigafetta then wrote: “…when the offertory of the mass
came, the two kings, went to kiss the cross like us, but they
offered nothing, and at the elevation of the body of our Lord
they were kneeling like us, and adored our Lord with joined
hands.”
 This was the first Mass in
the Philippines, and the
cross would be famed
Magellan’s Cross which is
still preserved at present
day. This was the same
cross which Magellan
explained to the kings as a
sign of his emperor who
ordered him to plan it in the
places were he would reach
and further explained that
once other Spaniards saw
this cross, then they would
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST know that they had been in
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY this island and would not
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA cause them troubles.
 A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
By April 7th, Magellan and his men reached
the port of Zzubu (Cebu) with the help of
Raia Calambu who offered to pilot them in
going to the island.
The kind of Cebu demanded that they pay
tribute as it was customary but Magellan
refused. By the next day, Magellan’s men
and the king of Cebu, together with other
principal men of Cebu, met in an open
space.
 A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
There the king offered a bit of his blood
and demanded that Magellan do the
same. – On April 14, Magellan spoke to
the kind and encouraged him to be a
good Christian by burning all of the idols
and worship the cross instead. The king
of Cebu was then baptized as a Christian.
After 8 days, all of the island’s inhabitant
were already baptized.
  When the queen came
to the Mass one day,
Magellan gave her an
image of the Infant Jesus
made by Pigafetta
himself.
On 26th of April, Zula, a
principal man from the
island of Matan (Mactan)
went to see Magellan
and asked him for a boat
full of men so that he
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
would be able to fight
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY the chief name
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA Silapulapu (Lapulapu).
 Magellan offered 3 boats
instead and went to
Mactan to fight the said
chief. – They numbered 49
in total and the islanders
of Mactan were estimated
to number 1,500.
Magellan died in battle.
He was pierced with a
poison arrow in his right
leg. The king of Cebu who
was baptized offered help
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
but Magellan refused so
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY that he could see how
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA they fought.
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
Magellan’s men then elected Duarte Barbosa as
the new captain.
Pigafetta also accounted how Magellan’s slave
and interpreter named Henry betrayed them and
told the king of Cebu that they intended to leave
as soon as possible.
Henry and the king of Cebu conspired and
betrayed what was left of Magellan’s men. The
king invited these men to a gathering where he
said he would present the jewels that he would
send for the King of Spain.
 A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST VOYAGE
AROUND THE WORLD BY MAGELLAN BY
ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
Pigafetta was left on board the ship and was not able to join
the 24 men who went to the gathering because he was
nursing his battle wounds.
The natives had slain all the men except the interpreter and
Juan Serrano who shouted at the men on this ship to pay
ransom so that he would be spared but he was left on the
island for they refused to go back to shore.
The fleet abandoned Serrano and departed. They left Cebu
and continued their journey around the world.
A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY
MAGELLAN BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
https://www.slideshare.net/PennVillanueva/chapter-2content
-and-contextual-analysis-of-selected-primary-sources-in-ph
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