Lecture #1

Sept. 2, 2019

CE 408-51 LAB

Instructor: Mohammed Fasil - Office: 16-168

Today’s topics
1. Course Outline
2. Structural Steel
3. Introduction to AISC Steel Manual & Walk-through
A Quick Look at the Course Outline

1. Tension Members
2. Compression Members
Analysis
3. Plane Truss (STAAD)
4. Laterally Supported Beams
5. Laterally Unsupported Beams
6. Beam-Columns Design
7. Bolted Connections
8. Welded Connections
Essentials about Imperial Units

• Length in inches, feet etc.

12” = 1’
12 inch. = 1 foot

• Force in pounds (lbs.), kilopounds (kips)

1000 lbs. = 1 kip

• Pressure/Stress in:
psi (pounds per sq. in.), ksi (kips per sq. in.)
5000 psi = 5 ksi
Stress-Strain Relationship of Steel

Stress, f
Elastic Plastic Strain Hardening Necking

Ultimate Stress, Fu
Rupture

Yield Stress, Fy
Proportional Limit

Yield Strain, εu Ultimate Strain, εu Strain, ε

 Stress-Strain Relationship of Steel

Stress, f
A514 • ‘E’ is same for all grades of
steel, where
Esteel = 29000 ksi
A572

• Density of steel is always,

A36
γsteel = 490 lb/ft3

• Fu and Fy varies according

E to the grade

Strain, ε
 AISC Steel Construction Manual

• The American Institute of Steel Construction is a non-

partisan, non-profit technical institute and trade association
to serve structural steel design community and
construction industry

• AISC publishes technical manuals, design guides and

specifications

• The steel manual is the most important publication of AISC

AISC Steel Construction Manual
• The manual is divided into 18 parts

Part 1 → Dimensions & Material-related values

Parts 2-15 → Design Aids

Part 16 → Codes & Specifications for design

Part 17 → Misc. Data & Math. Info.

Index

NB: You may tab important pages using

sticky notes
 AISC Steel Construction Manual

Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

• Summarizes dimensions and properties of commonly used structural

steel products

Most important shapes:

W Shape C Shape Double Channel Angle Double Angle WT Shape

(Wide-flange) (Channel) Shape (Wide-flange Tee)
 Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

Legs
Flange Web Web Flange
Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

Section Designation
W12×40
Approximate Depth (in.) Weight (lb/ft)

L4×3½×½
Leg 1 (in.) Leg 2 (in.) Thickness (in.)
Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

▪ W-Shapes Page 1-10

Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

▪ W-Shapes A Area
D Depth
tw Thickness of web
bf Width of flange
kdes Smallest fillet size in production
k
kdet Largest fillet size in production
k1 Fillet size + tw/2
T d-2k
Workable Gage for fasteners in the flange for entering and
Gage tightening clearances
I Moment of Inertia
S Elastic section modulus
r Radius of gyration
Z Plastic section modulus
Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

▪ W-Shapes

rts Effective radius of gyration

h0 Distance between flange centroids
J Torsional moment of inertia
Cw Warping Constant
Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

▪ C-Shapes Page 1-36

Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

▪ Angles Page 1-42

Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

▪ Angles

A Area
I Moment of Inertia
S Elastic section modulus
r Radius of gyration
Z Plastic section modulus
x̄ , ȳ Centroidal distances
xp, yp Location of plastic neutral axis (PNA)
Polar radius of gyration about shear center
tan(α) Tangent of the angle between the y-y and z-z axes
Part 1 Dimensions and Properties

▪ Angles Page 1-48

• For legs ≤ 4 in., only one fastener can be used

AISC Steel Construction Manual

Part 2 General Design Considerations

Design Philosophies

“Ways to incorporate safety factors to handle

uncertainties in structures”
Sources of uncertainties...

Load Calculation Material

Unexpected Fabrication
Construction
Loads
Errors
AISC Steel Construction Manual

Part 2 General Design Considerations

a) Design Philosophies
Allowable Stress Design Load and Resistance Factor Design
(ASD) (LRFD)

• Stress-based design • Strength-based probabilistic design

• Actual stresses are compared • Required strengths are compared

to allowable stresses to actual strengths

• Service loads are applied • Ultimate factored loads are applied

with variable factors of safety
Part 2 General Design Considerations

Design Philosophies- Load Combinations Page 2-10

Allowable Stress Design Load and Resistance Factor Design

(ASD) (LRFD)
Part 2 General Design Considerations

Design Philosophies- In a nutshell...

Allowable Stress Design Load and Resistance Factor Design

(ASD) (LRFD)

𝑅𝑛
≥ 𝑄𝑑 + 𝛾(𝑄𝑡1 + 𝑄𝑡2 + ⋯ ) ∅𝑅𝑛 ≥ 𝛾𝑑 𝑄𝑑 + 𝛾𝑡1 𝑄𝑡2 + 𝛾𝑡3 𝑄𝑡3 + ⋯
Ω
𝑅𝑛 = Nominal Resistance 𝑅𝑛 = Nominal Resistance
Ω = ASD Safety Factor ∅ = LRFD Resistance Factor
Q = Load effects Q = Load effects
𝛾 = Load Factor 𝛾 = Load Factor
Part 2 General Design Considerations

Various Grades and Applicable Sections Page 2-48

• Rolled Sections: Table 2-4

• Plates: Table 2-5

 Part 16 Specifications and Codes
ANSI/AISC 360-10

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings

(with Commentary)

• The specification applies to the design of structural

steel systems and structural steel system acting
compositely with reinforced concrete
 Part 16 Specifications and Codes

ANSI/AISC 360-10

Chapter D Design of Members for Tension

Chapter E Design of Members for Compression
Chapter F Design of Members for Flexure
Chapter G Design of Members for Shear
Chapter H Design of Members for Combined Forces & Torsion
Chapter J Design of Connections
 Part 16 Specifications and Codes

ANSI/AISC 360-10

Chapter D
Page 16.1-26
Design of Members for Tension
End of Lecture