Scribd
Upload
57 views

Composite Beam Analysis

This document summarizes key concepts about bending of composite beams from the book Advanced Mechanics of Materials and Applied Elasticity. It discusses the transformed section method for analyzing composite beams made of two or more materials. The method transforms the actual cross section into an equivalent cross section of a single material based on equilibrium conditions. An example is provided of determining the location of the neutral axis for a beam with a symmetrical cross section made of two materials. Formulas are given for stresses, strains, and the equation of the neutral axis in terms of the modular ratio and material properties.

Uploaded by

vasudev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
57 views

Composite Beam Analysis

This document summarizes key concepts about bending of composite beams from the book Advanced Mechanics of Materials and Applied Elasticity. It discusses the transformed section method for analyzing composite beams made of two or more materials. The method transforms the actual cross section into an equivalent cross section of a single material based on equilibrium conditions. An example is provided of determining the location of the neutral axis for a beam with a symmetrical cross section made of two materials. Formulas are given for stresses, strains, and the equation of the neutral axis in terms of the modular ratio and material properties.

Uploaded by

vasudev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Pearson

FREE SHIPPING
Get free ground shipping on all U.S. orders. Shop now.

books, eBooks, and digital learning

Home
>
Articles

Bending of Beams InformIT Promotional Mailings &


By Ansel C. Ugural and Saul K. Fenster
Special Offers
Aug 1, 2019 I would like to receive exclusive offers and hear about
products from InformIT and its family of brands. I can
unsubscribe at any time.
📄 Contents ⎙ Print
+ Share This < Back
Page 9 of 18
Next > Privacy Notice

Email Address

This chapter is from the book


Advanced Mechanics of Materials and Applied Elasticity, 6th Edition

Submit
Learn More
 Buy

5.9 Composite Beams


Beams constructed of two or more materials having different moduli of elasticity are referred to as
composite beams. Examples include multilayer beams made by bonding together multiple sheets,
sandwich beams consisting of high-strength material faces separated by a relatively thick layer of
low-strength material such as plastic foam, and reinforced concrete beams. The assumptions of the
technical theory for a homogeneous beam (Section 5.6) are valid for a beam composed of more
than one material.

5.9.1 Transformed Section Method


To analyze composite beams, we will use the common transformed-section method. In this
technique, the cross sections of several materials are transformed into an equivalent cross section
of one material on which the resisting forces and the neutral axis are the same as on the original
section. The usual flexure formula is then applied to the new section. To illustrate this method, we
will use a frequently encountered example: a beam with a symmetrical cross section built of two
different materials (Fig. 5.15a).

Figure 5.15. Beam composed of two materials: (a) composite cross section; (b) strain
distribution; (d) transformed cross section.
The cross sections of the beam remain plane during bending. Hence, the condition of geometric
compatibility of deformation is satisfied. It follows that the normal strain ɛx varies linearly with the
distance y from the neutral axis of the section; that is, ɛx = ky (Figs. 5.15a and b). The location of the
neutral axis is yet to be determined. Both materials composing the beam are assumed to obey
Hooke′s law, and their moduli of elasticity are designated as E1 and E2. Then, the stress—strain
relation gives

Click to view larger image

This result is sketched in Fig. 5.13c for the assumption that E2 > E1. We introduce the notation

Click to view larger image

where n is called the modular ratio. Note that n >1 in Eq. (5.46). However, this choice is arbitrary;
the technique applies as well for n > 1.

5.9.2 Equation of Neutral Axis


Referring to the cross section (Figs. 5.15a and c), the equilibrium equations ΣFx = 0 and ΣMz = 0 lead
to

Click to view larger image

Click to view larger image

where A1 and A2 denote the cross-sectional areas for materials 1 and 2, respectively. Substituting
σx1, σx2 and n, as given by Eqs. (5.45) and (5.46), into Eq. (a) results in

Click to view larger image

Using the top of the section as a reference (Fig. 5.15a), from Eq. (5.47) with

or, setting

we have

This expression yields an alternative form of Eq. (5.47):

You might also like