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Airline Reservation System - TutorialsDuniya

This document describes an airline reservation system project that aims to automate flight reservations. It allows users to reserve flights online without needing to physically visit an airline ticket window. The project will develop a software system that interacts with users to collect reservation details and check availability and fares to complete reservations. It seeks to address the drawbacks of manual reservation processes that require user and employee physical presence and limit throughput.
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© © All Rights Reserved
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
177 views

Airline Reservation System - TutorialsDuniya

This document describes an airline reservation system project that aims to automate flight reservations. It allows users to reserve flights online without needing to physically visit an airline ticket window. The project will develop a software system that interacts with users to collect reservation details and check availability and fares to complete reservations. It seeks to address the drawbacks of manual reservation processes that require user and employee physical presence and limit throughput.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 35

TUTORIALSDUNIYA.

COM

Airline Reservation
System
Software Engineering Project

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AIRLINE RESERVATION
SYSTEM

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Software Engineering Project Report

cco
a.
Submitted by:
iy Under the supervision of:
un
Sahil Gupta(1234) TutorialsDuniya.Com
Vikash Saw (1234)
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Keshav Mahavidyalaya
(University of Delhi)

1|Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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On the successful completion of our project AIRLINE
RESERVATION SYSTEM, we would like to express our sincere
gratitude to everyone who helped us in the completion of the project.

cco
We are sincerely thankful to our project guide TutorialsDuniya.Com for
his interest, guidance and suggestions throughout the course of the

a.
project. We feel honored and privileged to work under him. He shared
his vast pool of knowledge with us that helped us steer through all the
iy
difficulties with ease. This project would not have been possible without
his guidance.
un
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2|Page
CERTIFICATE

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This is to certify that the project entitled “Airline Reservation

cco
System” submitted by Sahil Gupta and Vikash Saw has been carried
out under our supervision. The project has been submitted as per the

a.
requirements in the fourth semester of B. Tech Computer Science.

iy
un
Teacher-in-charge

TutorialsDuniya.Com
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3|Page
Table of Contents
Problem Statement ................................................................................................................................. 6

1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 7

1.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................................... 7

1.2 Scope ....................................................................................................................................... 7

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1.3 Definitions ............................................................................................................................... 7

1.4 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 8

1.5 Process Model ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…8

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2 Software Requirement Specification .............................................................................................. 9

2.1 Overall Description.................................................................................................................. 9

a.
2.1.1 Product perspective ........................................................................................................ 9

2.1.2

2.1.3 iy Product functions .......................................................................................................... 10

User characteristics ....................................................................................................... 11


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2.1.4 General Constraints ...................................................................................................... 11

2.1.5 Assumptions and Dependencies ................................................................................... 11


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2.2 Data Flow Diagram ................................................................................................................ 12

2.2.1 DFD Level 0.................................................................................................................... 12

2.2.2 DFD Level 1.................................................................................................................... 13


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2.2.3 DFD Level 2 : Reservation Module ................................................................................ 14


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2.2.4 Data Dictionary ............................................................................................................. 15

3 Project Management .................................................................................................................... 16


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3.1 Cost Estimations.................................................................................................................... 16

3.1.1 Functional Point Estimation .......................................................................................... 16


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3.1.2 Efforts ............................................................................................................................ 18

3.2 Risk Table .............................................................................................................................. 19

3.3 Timeline................................................................................................................................. 21

4 Design Engineering........................................................................................................................ 22

4.1 Architectural Design.............................................................................................................. 22

4|Page
4.2 Data Design ........................................................................................................................... 23

4.3 Component Level Design ...................................................................................................... 24

5 Testing ........................................................................................................................................... 27

6 References………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
.31

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cco
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un
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5|Page
TutorialsDuniya.com

Download FREE Software Engineering Projects PDF for any


university student of BCA, MCA, B.Sc, B.Tech, M.Sc at
https://www.tutorialsduniya.com

 3 Level Authentication  Airline Reservation System


 Banking Management System  Bus Route Enquiry System
 Car Showroom Dealership  Cricket Management System
 Criminal Record Management  E-Boutique
 Exam & Result Management  Health Care
 Hospital Management System  Online Bookstore
 Online Complaint Portal  Online Event Booking
 Online MetroCard Recharge  Online Missing Person Info
 Online Shopping  Online Shopping System
 Our First Home  Railway Reservation System
 Reality Show Management  Tour & Travel Management
 Smart City Traveller  Weather ForeCasting

Many more FREE Software Engineering Projects are available at


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Problem Statement

Airline reservation system is aimed at reserving flights for people. Any such system that
is operated manually consists of airline employee(s) and customers who interact face to
face to reserve the required flight. A major drawback of manual airline reservation
system is the need for physical presence of the user at the ticket window. It also

omm
requires the employee sitting at the reservation counter to be fast enough to deal with
large number of customers, or the company will have to hire more number of
employees for this purpose.
Due to the presence of these drawbacks, there is a need for ARS .This software interacts

cco
with the user to get the details of the flight that he/she wants to reserve. These details
include the source and destination city along with the number of passengers, date of the
flight and the class by which the user wishes to travel. After accepting these details, the

a.
software displays the list of all the available flights for the specified trip. To proceed, the
user selects one of the available flights and makes the payment after selecting the seat

iy
positions. Then, the user is provided with his/her boarding pass.
Flight reservation software enables simultaneous booking of seats by allowing multiple
un
users to access the airline’s website. It allows people to use this service at any time, also
eliminating the need to travel to airline offices to book their flights.

Airline reservation software is a boon not only for the customers but also for the airline
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companies.
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6|Page
1 Introduction

1.1 Purpose

The main purpose of this software is to simplify the tedious task of booking airline

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tickets by providing this service online in a user friendly environment. It also aims at
increasing the efficiency and reducing the drawbacks of existing manual airline
reservation process, thus making it more convenient for the customers to book the
flights as when they require.

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This project is supported by a well designed DBMS in which flight information is
integrated together. A friendly UI is also provided so that the searches made by the user

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give correct results by accessing the information stored in the database.

1.2 Scope
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This software allows the users to view the availability of various flights on different
dates and time. It gives them the facility to book a ticket, enquire about the total cost,
make online payments and modify or cancel a particular reservation if required.
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1.3 Definitions
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 ARS - Airline Reservation system


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 UI - User Interface

 DBMS – Database Management System


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7|Page
1.4 Overview

The rest of the document deals with all the main features of this software. It not only
describes various functions but also gives details about how these functions are related
to each other. Apart from the data flow diagrams, the document also contains cost

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estimates for developing this system. Various risks associated with the system have also
been mentioned along with the ways to mitigate them.

The timeline chart describing how the entire project was scheduled has been attached

cco
followed by the architectural design of the software. At the end a pseudo code for the
“reservation module” has been provided. A flow graph has been generated
corresponding to this module, cyclomatic complexity has been computed and test cases

a.
that were used to test the system have also been mentioned.

1.5 Process Model


iy
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We choose Waterfall model because of the following reasons:
 It’s relatively simple and easier to understand approach as compared to other
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models.

 The requirements are well stated and understood before in hand.


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 In this model we have to complete one stage before proceeding to next. So ,we
orri

have clearly defined stages and well understood milestones.

 The advancement in program does not need to be checked upon by the


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customer during the process. So this model does not create problem.
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 The requirements are fixed and work can proceed to completion in a linear

manner.

 The Waterfall Model provides a structured approach.

8|Page
2 Software Requirement Specification

2.1 Overall Description

2.1.1 Product perspective

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The manual airline reservation system suffers from the following drawbacks:-

 The existing system involves a lot of paper work and manual calculation. This

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has lead to inconsistency and inaccuracy in the maintenance of data.

 The data, which is stored on the paper only, may be lost, stolen or destroyed due

a.
to natural calamity like fire and water.

 The existing system is sluggish and time-consuming causing inconvenience to

 iy
customers and the airlines staff.

Since the number of passengers have drastically increased therefore maintaining


un
and retrieving detailed record of passenger is extremely difficult.

 An airline has many offices around the world, an absence of a link between these
offices lead to lack of coordination and communication.
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Hence the airline reservation system is proposed with the following Product

Perspective:
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 The computerization of the reservation system will reduce a lot of paperwork


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and hence the load on the airline administrative staff.

 The machine performs all calculations. Hence chances of error are nil.
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 The passenger, reservation, cancellation list can easily be retrieved and any
required addition, deletion or updation can be performed.
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 The system provides for user-ID validation, hence unauthorized access is


prevented.

9|Page
2.1.2 Product functions

The “ARS” software is an independent web based application. There are various user
interfaces related with this software. These interfaces help the user to interact with the
software and provide the necessary information for online ticket reservation.

The entire functionality of this software can be subdivided into fields/modules. The

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names of the fields involved in the airline reservation system are

1. FLIGHT DETAILS

2. CHECK AVAILABILITY

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3. BOOK TICKET

4. CANCELLATION

a.
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MODULE 1: FLIGHT DETAILS

Using this module, the user first enters the details of his journey like source, destination,
un
date, number of passengers and time.

• MODULE 2: CHECK AVAILABILITY


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This module is used to check the availability of the flights based on the information
provided by the user in module 1.

• MODULE 3:BOOK TICKET


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This module is used to book the ticket after checking the availability of tickets in the
flights. A ticket can be booked to a maximum of five passengers at a time.
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• MODULE 4: CANCELLATION

This module is used by the customer to cancel his reservation. The customer enters the
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unique ID provided to him at the time reservation. Using this id, he may cancel his
tickets.
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Various interfaces involved in ARS have been designed and implemented using C++. All
the information about flights is maintained in C++ files which act as databases for the
software.

10 | P a g e
2.1.3 User characteristics

 The user of the system should be comfortable working with English language.

 The user must have a basic knowledge of computers and internet.

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2.1.4 General Constraints

 The database of the software is not accessible to every user of the software.

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Making changes in the database requires permissions that have been given to
certain specific individuals.

a.
iy
2.1.5 Assumptions and Dependencies
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 The ARS is assumed to be compatible with the computer systems on which it has
been loaded for customer use.
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11 | P a g e
2.2 Data Flow Diagram

2.2.1 DFD Level 0

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cco
Cancellation Acknowledgement

a.
Customer

iy Trip Details

Reservation
Airline
Available Flights
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Reservation Total Cost
Details
System
Mode of Payment E-ticket and User Id
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Cancellation Details
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12 | P a g e
2.2.2 DFD Level 1

Flight Database

Available
Seats Total
Flights detail
Cost
Seat Calculati

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Seat on
Retrieve
Reservation
and
and
display
Update
flight data
Ticket

cco
Available Generat
User
Flight Number of -ion
Cost Details
Trip Information Persons
and
Details
Payment

a.
Customer
E-Ticket
and ID

iy
Acknowledgement

ID
Boarding
Pass
un
Seats
Allocat-
Cancell-
ion
ation
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13 | P a g e
2.2.3 DFD Level 2 : Reservation Module

CHECK
AVAILABILITY
NO. OF PASSENGERS
OF
CUSTOMER SEATS

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SEATS

cco
SEATS
COLLECTION
N

a.
OF
E
PASSENGER’S
G
INFO
USER DETAILS

DATABASE iy A
C
K
un
USER DETAILS
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PAYMENT
PROCESS

COST
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PAYMENT
PAYMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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T
ISSUE
TICKET
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E-TICKET
AND ID

CUSTOMER

14 | P a g e
2.2.4 Data Dictionary

Data Description

Journey details [ departure city+ arrival city + Date + no_of_passengers ]

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[ Flight_no. + departure_time + arrival time + Departure_city +
Flight Selection
arrival_city + basefare ] + [ Names_of_passengers ]*

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Flight details [ flightno + departure_time + arrival_time + basefare ]

a.
Cost [ basefare + fuel Surcharge + CUTE + UDF + Stax ]

Payment details
iy [ Cardno + name + cvv + expirydate ]
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Itinerary [ Departure_city + arrival_city + Date + no_of_passengers + flight_no
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+ departure_time + arrival_time + [ Names of passengers ]*+TOTAL


FARE ]

Flight Status
[ Arrival_city + departure_city + date + time ]
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Confirmation details [ PNR + flightno + flightpassenger_name + DATE ]

Confirmation
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[ Payment_confirmation + Journey details + Flight Details ]


TTu

15 | P a g e
TutorialsDuniya.com

Download FREE Software Engineering Projects PDF for any


university student of BCA, MCA, B.Sc, B.Tech, M.Sc at
https://www.tutorialsduniya.com

 3 Level Authentication  Airline Reservation System


 Banking Management System  Bus Route Enquiry System
 Car Showroom Dealership  Cricket Management System
 Criminal Record Management  E-Boutique
 Exam & Result Management  Health Care
 Hospital Management System  Online Bookstore
 Online Complaint Portal  Online Event Booking
 Online MetroCard Recharge  Online Missing Person Info
 Online Shopping  Online Shopping System
 Our First Home  Railway Reservation System
 Reality Show Management  Tour & Travel Management
 Smart City Traveller  Weather ForeCasting

Many more FREE Software Engineering Projects are available at


https://www.tutorialsduniya.com

Please Share these SE projects with your Friends as well


3 Project Management

3.1 Cost Estimations

omm
3.1.1 Functional Point Estimation

GRADE

cco
VALUE

1 Does the system require reliable backup and recovery? 5

a.
2 Are specialized data communications required to transfer 3
information to or from the application?

4
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Are there distributed processing functions?

Is performance critical?
4

0
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5 Will the system run in an existing, heavily utilized operational 5
environment?
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6 Does the system require on-line data entry? 5

7 Does the on-line data entry require the input transaction to be built 4
over multiple screens or operations?
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8 Are the ILFs updated online? 5

9 Are the inputs, outputs, files, or inquiries complex? 2


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10 Is the internal processing complex? 2


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11 Is the code designed to be reusable? 2

12 Are conversions and installations included in the design? 0


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13 Is the system designed for multiple installations in different 5


organizations?

14 Is the application design to facilitate change and for ease of use by 5


the user?

16 | P a g e
VALUE ADJUSTMENT FACTORS, Σfi = 47

INFORMATION EST. WEIGHING WEIGHING


DOMAIN VALUE COUNT FACTOR COUNT

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1. EXTERNAL 3 4 12
INPUT

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2. EXTERNAL 4 5 20

a.
OUTPUT

3. EXTERNAL
INQUIRIES
iy 1 5 5
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4. NUMBER OF 1 10 10
LOGICAL
FILES
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5. EXTERNAL 1 7 7
INTERFACE
FILES
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TOTAL 54
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COMPUTING FUNCTION POINTS:


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FP = COUNT TOTAL * (0.65 + 0.01 * Σfi )

= 54 * (0.65 + 0.01 * 47)

= 60.48

17 | P a g e
3.1.2 Efforts

The average productivity for this kind of system =6.5 FP/pm

Considering the labour rate=$8000

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Cost per FP = $1230

Total efforts = FP (calculated) / average productivity

= 60.48 /6.5

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=9.304 person months

a.
Total cost for the project = Total efforts * labour rate

= 9.304 * 8000

iy = $74432
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18 | P a g e
3.2 Risk Table

Risks Category Probability Impact Mitigation

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Lack of skill ST 40% 2 External resources might help

Quality not DE 60% 3 Take up steps to maintain


maintained quality at each stage of

cco
development.

Building the wrong CU 30% 1 Early and continuous

a.
product validation is critically
important. You need to

iy establish a clear vision and


solid justification for the
product.
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Size estimates may be PS 50% 2 Past experiences must be
low considered and a similar task
on a smaller scale may be
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attempted

Requirements not CU 50% 1 Regular interaction with the


properly documented customer and getting the
and understood requirements verified before
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finalising them

Delivery deadline will BU 40% 2 Review the progress from time


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be tightened to time and take appropriate


steps to keep up with the
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schedule
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1-Catastrophic

2-Critical

3-Marginal

4-Negligible

19 | P a g e
PD-Process Definition

ST-Staff-size and experience

DE-Development Environment

CU-Customer Characteristics

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BU-Business Impact

PS-Product Size

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20 | P a g e
3.3 Timeline

Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk 4 Wk 5 Wk 6 Wk 7 Wk 8 Wk 9 Wk 10 Wk 11 Wk 12

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1. Identify Customer
Requirements
Meet with customers
Identify needs and
constraints

cco
Establish Problem
Statement
MILESTONE: Problem

a.
statement defined
2. Define function
behaviour
Identify modules
Define DFDs iy
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Develop ERDs
MILESTONE: System
Functions defined
3. Estimation
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Function Point Estimation


Efforts Calculation
MILESTONE: Cost Estimated
4. Design Development
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Formulate System
Architecture
Generate Code
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MILESTONE: System Design


developed
5. Testing
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Develop test cases


Calculate cyclomatic
complexity
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Develop flow graph


MILESTONE: Testing
Complete

21 | P a g e
4 Design Engineering

4.1 Architectural Design

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SEAT RESERVATION
AND UPDATION

cco
a.
RETRIEVE TOTAL COST TICKET SEAT CANCELLATION
AND DISPLAY CALCULATION GENERATION ALLOCATION

iyDISPLAY
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TOTAL COST GENERATE
OF THE TRIP BOARDING PASS
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TAKE DISPLAY DETAILS TAKE USER GENERATE TAKE ACKNOWL-


TRIP OF AVAILABLE DETAILS AND TICKETS AND USER ID EDGEMEN
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PAYMENT USER ID
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22 | P a g e
4.2 Data Design

TRIP DETAILS

SOURCE VARCHAR(30)

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DESTINATION VARCHAR(30)

DATE INT

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NUMBER OF SEATS INT

CATEGORY CHAR

a.
PLANE NUMBER INT

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TICKET

NAME VARCHAR(30)

SOURCE VARCHAR(30)
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DESTINATION VARCHAR(30)

DATE INT
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FLIGHT NUMBER INT

ID INT
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CUSTOMER
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NAME VARCHAR(30)

AGE INT

E-MAIL VARCHAR(30)

PHONE LONG

GENDER CHAR

23 | P a g e
ADDRESS VARCHAR(30)

CREDIT CARD NUMBER LONG

BOARDING PASS

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ID INT

SEAT NUMBER INT

cco
a.
4.3 Component Level Design

PSEUDOCODE
iy
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1 int mode, plno;

char pname[10], source[20], dest [20],arr[20],dep[20],ch[250];


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2 reserve()

cout<<"\nEnter details of the passenger: ";

3 cout<<"\nName - ";
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cin.getline(name,20);
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cout<<"\nAddress : ";

cin.getline(addr,20);
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cout<<"\nE-Mail ID : ";
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cin.getline(email,20);

cout<<"\nTelephone no : ";

cin>>phone;

cout<<"\nEnter the date of travelling : ";

cin>>date;

24 | P a g e
4 while(r)

5 r.getline(ch,250);

cout<<ch<<endl;

end of while

6 cout<<"\n\t1:Domestic\n\t2:International\nEnter the mode:";

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cin>>mode;

7 if(mode==1)

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cout<<"\nEnter the plane 1 or 2 or 3 : ";

8 cin>>plno;

a.
9 switch(plno)

10 iy
case 1: strcpy(pname,"D1");

strcpy(source,"Delhi");
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strcpy(dest,"Mumbai");

strcpy(dep,"10:00");
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strcpy(arrv,"11:00");

break;

case 2: strcpy(pname,"D2");
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11 strcpy(source,"Mumbai");

strcpy(dest,"Kolkata");
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strcpy(dep,"12:00");
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strcpy(arrv,"13:15");

break;
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12 else if(mode==2)

13 cout<<"\nEnter the plane 1 or 2 or 3 : ";

cin>>plno;

14 switch(plno)

case 1: strcpy(pname,"I1");

25 | P a g e
15 strcpy(source,"Mumbai");

strcpy(dest,"London");

strcpy(dep,"00:30");

strcpy(arrv,"10:30");

break;

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case 2: strcpy(pname,"I2");

16 strcpy(source,"Delhi");

cco
strcpy(dest,"Paris");

strcpy(dep,"03:20");

a.
strcpy(arrv,"13:20");

17 iy
randomize();
break;
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pword=random(100);

cout<<"\nYour reservation number is:\t"<<pword;


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26 | P a g e
5 Testing

TEST CASES

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cco
TEST NAME ADDRESS EMAIL ID PHONE DATE MODE PLANE PASSWORD EXPECTE
CASE NUMBER D
ERROR

a.
1 sahil 100, id1@yahoo. 1111111 3 1 1 131 ---
west_encl co.in

2 vikash
iy
ave
delhi

16,umanr id2@yahoo. 11156711 6 1 2 145 ---


un
oad,harya co.in
na

3 Aditya D- id3@yahoo. 7894691 4 1 3 94 ---


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45/34,sec co.in
tor6,delhi
aial

4 Nikhil B220,vive id4@yahoo. 11168999 9 2 1 153 ---


k_vihar co.in
orri

5 Varun paharganj, id5@yahoo. 19873361 8 2 2 48 ---


uttar_prad co.in
utot

esh
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6 rashika Andhra_pr id6@yahoo. 19078531 6 2 3 67 ---


adesh co.in

7 abc 100,uman id7@yahoo. 13478549 9 4 Mode can


road,chan co.in be either
digarh 1 or 2

27 | P a g e
8 Omn 56,umanr idabc@yah 1117890 1 7 Plane
oad,himac oo.co.in number
hal should be
either 1
or 2 or 3

9 suhas 80,umanr isfghkljhgfd 1111111 2 Email id

omm
oad,ch-17 ddsabc@ya cannot be
hoo.co.in greater
than 30
character

cco
10 Ankit 100,uman, ida23c@ya 2345678 Address
Chennai, hoo.co.in must be
Tamil less than
Nadu 30

a.
character
and
should

iy not have
white
spaces.
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11 Abc Gaziabad, idabc@yah 11111112 Phone
u.p oo.co.in 22222222 number
22444445 cannot be
555555 greater
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than 30
character

12 Kmn 100,uman ida0c@yah 1111111 Name


road,ch- oo.co.in cannot be
aial

17 greater
than 30
character
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13 Xyz tamil_nad idab@yaho 33341111 3/4/ Exclude


u,india o.co.in 12 month
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and year
from date
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28 | P a g e
FLOW GRAPH

omm
3

cco
4

a.
5

iy 6
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7
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8 12

9
aial

13
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10 11
14
utot

17
15 16
TTu

29 | P a g e
CALCULATING CYCLOMETIC COMPLEXITY

P=4

E = 20

N = 17

R=5

omm
WHERE P = NO OF PREDICATE NODES

E = NO. OF EDGES

N = NO. OF NODES

cco
R = NO. OF REGIONS

CYCLOMATIC COMPLEXITY = E-N+2

a.
= 20-17+2

OR
=5
iy
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CYCLOMATIC COMPLEXITY = P+1

= 4+1
slsD

=5

OR

CYCLOMATIC COMPLEXITY = R
aial

=5
orri
utot
TTu

30 | P a g e
6 References

 https://www.tutorialsduniya.com
 Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach by Roger S. Pressman

omm
 An Integrated Approach to Software Engineering by P. Jalote
 https://www.tutorialsduniya.com

cco
a.
iy
un
slsD
aial
orri
utot
TTu

31 | P a g e
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