Airline Reservation System - TutorialsDuniya
Airline Reservation System - TutorialsDuniya
COM
Airline Reservation
System
Software Engineering Project
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Software Engineering Project Report
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Submitted by:
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Sahil Gupta(1234) TutorialsDuniya.Com
Vikash Saw (1234)
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Keshav Mahavidyalaya
(University of Delhi)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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On the successful completion of our project AIRLINE
RESERVATION SYSTEM, we would like to express our sincere
gratitude to everyone who helped us in the completion of the project.
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We are sincerely thankful to our project guide TutorialsDuniya.Com for
his interest, guidance and suggestions throughout the course of the
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project. We feel honored and privileged to work under him. He shared
his vast pool of knowledge with us that helped us steer through all the
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difficulties with ease. This project would not have been possible without
his guidance.
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CERTIFICATE
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This is to certify that the project entitled “Airline Reservation
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System” submitted by Sahil Gupta and Vikash Saw has been carried
out under our supervision. The project has been submitted as per the
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requirements in the fourth semester of B. Tech Computer Science.
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Teacher-in-charge
TutorialsDuniya.Com
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Table of Contents
Problem Statement ................................................................................................................................. 6
1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 7
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1.3 Definitions ............................................................................................................................... 7
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2 Software Requirement Specification .............................................................................................. 9
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2.1.1 Product perspective ........................................................................................................ 9
2.1.2
3.3 Timeline................................................................................................................................. 21
4 Design Engineering........................................................................................................................ 22
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4.2 Data Design ........................................................................................................................... 23
5 Testing ........................................................................................................................................... 27
6 References………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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TutorialsDuniya.com
Airline reservation system is aimed at reserving flights for people. Any such system that
is operated manually consists of airline employee(s) and customers who interact face to
face to reserve the required flight. A major drawback of manual airline reservation
system is the need for physical presence of the user at the ticket window. It also
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requires the employee sitting at the reservation counter to be fast enough to deal with
large number of customers, or the company will have to hire more number of
employees for this purpose.
Due to the presence of these drawbacks, there is a need for ARS .This software interacts
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with the user to get the details of the flight that he/she wants to reserve. These details
include the source and destination city along with the number of passengers, date of the
flight and the class by which the user wishes to travel. After accepting these details, the
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software displays the list of all the available flights for the specified trip. To proceed, the
user selects one of the available flights and makes the payment after selecting the seat
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positions. Then, the user is provided with his/her boarding pass.
Flight reservation software enables simultaneous booking of seats by allowing multiple
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users to access the airline’s website. It allows people to use this service at any time, also
eliminating the need to travel to airline offices to book their flights.
Airline reservation software is a boon not only for the customers but also for the airline
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companies.
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1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose
The main purpose of this software is to simplify the tedious task of booking airline
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tickets by providing this service online in a user friendly environment. It also aims at
increasing the efficiency and reducing the drawbacks of existing manual airline
reservation process, thus making it more convenient for the customers to book the
flights as when they require.
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This project is supported by a well designed DBMS in which flight information is
integrated together. A friendly UI is also provided so that the searches made by the user
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give correct results by accessing the information stored in the database.
1.2 Scope
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This software allows the users to view the availability of various flights on different
dates and time. It gives them the facility to book a ticket, enquire about the total cost,
make online payments and modify or cancel a particular reservation if required.
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1.3 Definitions
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UI - User Interface
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1.4 Overview
The rest of the document deals with all the main features of this software. It not only
describes various functions but also gives details about how these functions are related
to each other. Apart from the data flow diagrams, the document also contains cost
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estimates for developing this system. Various risks associated with the system have also
been mentioned along with the ways to mitigate them.
The timeline chart describing how the entire project was scheduled has been attached
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followed by the architectural design of the software. At the end a pseudo code for the
“reservation module” has been provided. A flow graph has been generated
corresponding to this module, cyclomatic complexity has been computed and test cases
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that were used to test the system have also been mentioned.
models.
In this model we have to complete one stage before proceeding to next. So ,we
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customer during the process. So this model does not create problem.
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The requirements are fixed and work can proceed to completion in a linear
manner.
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2 Software Requirement Specification
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The manual airline reservation system suffers from the following drawbacks:-
The existing system involves a lot of paper work and manual calculation. This
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has lead to inconsistency and inaccuracy in the maintenance of data.
The data, which is stored on the paper only, may be lost, stolen or destroyed due
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to natural calamity like fire and water.
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customers and the airlines staff.
An airline has many offices around the world, an absence of a link between these
offices lead to lack of coordination and communication.
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Hence the airline reservation system is proposed with the following Product
Perspective:
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The machine performs all calculations. Hence chances of error are nil.
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The passenger, reservation, cancellation list can easily be retrieved and any
required addition, deletion or updation can be performed.
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2.1.2 Product functions
The “ARS” software is an independent web based application. There are various user
interfaces related with this software. These interfaces help the user to interact with the
software and provide the necessary information for online ticket reservation.
The entire functionality of this software can be subdivided into fields/modules. The
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names of the fields involved in the airline reservation system are
1. FLIGHT DETAILS
2. CHECK AVAILABILITY
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3. BOOK TICKET
4. CANCELLATION
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MODULE 1: FLIGHT DETAILS
Using this module, the user first enters the details of his journey like source, destination,
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date, number of passengers and time.
This module is used to check the availability of the flights based on the information
provided by the user in module 1.
This module is used to book the ticket after checking the availability of tickets in the
flights. A ticket can be booked to a maximum of five passengers at a time.
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• MODULE 4: CANCELLATION
This module is used by the customer to cancel his reservation. The customer enters the
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unique ID provided to him at the time reservation. Using this id, he may cancel his
tickets.
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Various interfaces involved in ARS have been designed and implemented using C++. All
the information about flights is maintained in C++ files which act as databases for the
software.
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2.1.3 User characteristics
The user of the system should be comfortable working with English language.
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2.1.4 General Constraints
The database of the software is not accessible to every user of the software.
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Making changes in the database requires permissions that have been given to
certain specific individuals.
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2.1.5 Assumptions and Dependencies
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The ARS is assumed to be compatible with the computer systems on which it has
been loaded for customer use.
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2.2 Data Flow Diagram
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Cancellation Acknowledgement
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Customer
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Reservation
Airline
Available Flights
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Reservation Total Cost
Details
System
Mode of Payment E-ticket and User Id
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Cancellation Details
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2.2.2 DFD Level 1
Flight Database
Available
Seats Total
Flights detail
Cost
Seat Calculati
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Seat on
Retrieve
Reservation
and
and
display
Update
flight data
Ticket
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Available Generat
User
Flight Number of -ion
Cost Details
Trip Information Persons
and
Details
Payment
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Customer
E-Ticket
and ID
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Acknowledgement
ID
Boarding
Pass
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Seats
Allocat-
Cancell-
ion
ation
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2.2.3 DFD Level 2 : Reservation Module
CHECK
AVAILABILITY
NO. OF PASSENGERS
OF
CUSTOMER SEATS
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SEATS
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SEATS
COLLECTION
N
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OF
E
PASSENGER’S
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INFO
USER DETAILS
DATABASE iy A
C
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USER DETAILS
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PAYMENT
PROCESS
COST
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PAYMENT
PAYMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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T
ISSUE
TICKET
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E-TICKET
AND ID
CUSTOMER
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2.2.4 Data Dictionary
Data Description
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[ Flight_no. + departure_time + arrival time + Departure_city +
Flight Selection
arrival_city + basefare ] + [ Names_of_passengers ]*
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Flight details [ flightno + departure_time + arrival_time + basefare ]
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Cost [ basefare + fuel Surcharge + CUTE + UDF + Stax ]
Payment details
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Itinerary [ Departure_city + arrival_city + Date + no_of_passengers + flight_no
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Flight Status
[ Arrival_city + departure_city + date + time ]
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Confirmation
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TutorialsDuniya.com
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3.1.1 Functional Point Estimation
GRADE
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VALUE
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2 Are specialized data communications required to transfer 3
information to or from the application?
4
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Are there distributed processing functions?
Is performance critical?
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5 Will the system run in an existing, heavily utilized operational 5
environment?
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7 Does the on-line data entry require the input transaction to be built 4
over multiple screens or operations?
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VALUE ADJUSTMENT FACTORS, Σfi = 47
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1. EXTERNAL 3 4 12
INPUT
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2. EXTERNAL 4 5 20
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OUTPUT
3. EXTERNAL
INQUIRIES
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4. NUMBER OF 1 10 10
LOGICAL
FILES
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5. EXTERNAL 1 7 7
INTERFACE
FILES
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TOTAL 54
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= 60.48
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3.1.2 Efforts
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Cost per FP = $1230
= 60.48 /6.5
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=9.304 person months
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Total cost for the project = Total efforts * labour rate
= 9.304 * 8000
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3.2 Risk Table
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Lack of skill ST 40% 2 External resources might help
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development.
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product validation is critically
important. You need to
attempted
finalising them
schedule
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1-Catastrophic
2-Critical
3-Marginal
4-Negligible
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PD-Process Definition
DE-Development Environment
CU-Customer Characteristics
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BU-Business Impact
PS-Product Size
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3.3 Timeline
Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk 4 Wk 5 Wk 6 Wk 7 Wk 8 Wk 9 Wk 10 Wk 11 Wk 12
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1. Identify Customer
Requirements
Meet with customers
Identify needs and
constraints
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Establish Problem
Statement
MILESTONE: Problem
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statement defined
2. Define function
behaviour
Identify modules
Define DFDs iy
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Develop ERDs
MILESTONE: System
Functions defined
3. Estimation
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Formulate System
Architecture
Generate Code
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4 Design Engineering
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SEAT RESERVATION
AND UPDATION
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RETRIEVE TOTAL COST TICKET SEAT CANCELLATION
AND DISPLAY CALCULATION GENERATION ALLOCATION
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TOTAL COST GENERATE
OF THE TRIP BOARDING PASS
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PAYMENT USER ID
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4.2 Data Design
TRIP DETAILS
SOURCE VARCHAR(30)
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DESTINATION VARCHAR(30)
DATE INT
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NUMBER OF SEATS INT
CATEGORY CHAR
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PLANE NUMBER INT
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TICKET
NAME VARCHAR(30)
SOURCE VARCHAR(30)
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DESTINATION VARCHAR(30)
DATE INT
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ID INT
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CUSTOMER
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NAME VARCHAR(30)
AGE INT
E-MAIL VARCHAR(30)
PHONE LONG
GENDER CHAR
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ADDRESS VARCHAR(30)
BOARDING PASS
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ID INT
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4.3 Component Level Design
PSEUDOCODE
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1 int mode, plno;
2 reserve()
3 cout<<"\nName - ";
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cin.getline(name,20);
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cout<<"\nAddress : ";
cin.getline(addr,20);
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cout<<"\nE-Mail ID : ";
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cin.getline(email,20);
cout<<"\nTelephone no : ";
cin>>phone;
cin>>date;
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4 while(r)
5 r.getline(ch,250);
cout<<ch<<endl;
end of while
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cin>>mode;
7 if(mode==1)
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cout<<"\nEnter the plane 1 or 2 or 3 : ";
8 cin>>plno;
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9 switch(plno)
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case 1: strcpy(pname,"D1");
strcpy(source,"Delhi");
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strcpy(dest,"Mumbai");
strcpy(dep,"10:00");
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strcpy(arrv,"11:00");
break;
case 2: strcpy(pname,"D2");
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11 strcpy(source,"Mumbai");
strcpy(dest,"Kolkata");
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strcpy(dep,"12:00");
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strcpy(arrv,"13:15");
break;
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12 else if(mode==2)
cin>>plno;
14 switch(plno)
case 1: strcpy(pname,"I1");
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15 strcpy(source,"Mumbai");
strcpy(dest,"London");
strcpy(dep,"00:30");
strcpy(arrv,"10:30");
break;
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case 2: strcpy(pname,"I2");
16 strcpy(source,"Delhi");
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strcpy(dest,"Paris");
strcpy(dep,"03:20");
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strcpy(arrv,"13:20");
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randomize();
break;
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pword=random(100);
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5 Testing
TEST CASES
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TEST NAME ADDRESS EMAIL ID PHONE DATE MODE PLANE PASSWORD EXPECTE
CASE NUMBER D
ERROR
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1 sahil 100, id1@yahoo. 1111111 3 1 1 131 ---
west_encl co.in
2 vikash
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ave
delhi
45/34,sec co.in
tor6,delhi
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esh
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8 Omn 56,umanr idabc@yah 1117890 1 7 Plane
oad,himac oo.co.in number
hal should be
either 1
or 2 or 3
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oad,ch-17 ddsabc@ya cannot be
hoo.co.in greater
than 30
character
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10 Ankit 100,uman, ida23c@ya 2345678 Address
Chennai, hoo.co.in must be
Tamil less than
Nadu 30
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character
and
should
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white
spaces.
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11 Abc Gaziabad, idabc@yah 11111112 Phone
u.p oo.co.in 22222222 number
22444445 cannot be
555555 greater
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than 30
character
17 greater
than 30
character
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and year
from date
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FLOW GRAPH
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3
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4
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5
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7
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8 12
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17
15 16
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CALCULATING CYCLOMETIC COMPLEXITY
P=4
E = 20
N = 17
R=5
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WHERE P = NO OF PREDICATE NODES
E = NO. OF EDGES
N = NO. OF NODES
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R = NO. OF REGIONS
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= 20-17+2
OR
=5
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CYCLOMATIC COMPLEXITY = P+1
= 4+1
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=5
OR
CYCLOMATIC COMPLEXITY = R
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=5
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6 References
https://www.tutorialsduniya.com
Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach by Roger S. Pressman
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An Integrated Approach to Software Engineering by P. Jalote
https://www.tutorialsduniya.com
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TutorialsDuniya.com