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DHCP Protokolas: Paskirtis Ir Konfigūravimas

The document discusses DHCP including its purpose for automating IP address assignment, how DHCP servers and options work, the DHCP operation process, an example of configuring DHCP pools on a Cisco router, useful show commands for DHCP, and tips for troubleshooting DHCP issues. It also covers the differences between static and dynamic addressing and benefits of each approach.

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Leslav Mazeiko
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
45 views

DHCP Protokolas: Paskirtis Ir Konfigūravimas

The document discusses DHCP including its purpose for automating IP address assignment, how DHCP servers and options work, the DHCP operation process, an example of configuring DHCP pools on a Cisco router, useful show commands for DHCP, and tips for troubleshooting DHCP issues. It also covers the differences between static and dynamic addressing and benefits of each approach.

Uploaded by

Leslav Mazeiko
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DHCP protokolas:

paskirtis ir
konfigūravimas
Brief Review of DHCP
 Purpose of DHCP in a network…
 Static vs. Dynamic
 DHCP servers and options

 DHCP operation

 Example of router IOS DHCP configuration with multiple pools

 Useful DHCP related IOS show commands

 DHCP issues and troubleshooting tips


Manual vs Dynamic Addressing
 Manual Addressing (static):
 Static IP Addresses are typically assigned to routers, servers, and network
printers.
 Enables remote administration.
 Dynamic Address (using DHCP):
 Automates assignment of IP address configuration.
 Dynamic IP addresses are typically assigned to PC’s, laptops, and other
mobile devices.
 Facilitates movement of portable devices on the network.
 Reduces administrative burden on network staff and virtually eliminates
entry errors.
 DHCP can be used to allocate IPv4 as well as IPv6 addresses.
Manual vs. Dynamic Addressing
DHCP Options & Servers

 A DHCP server typically provides DHCP clients with:


 IP Address; Subnet Mask; Default Gateway; DNS server(s); & Lease Time.

 Benefits of a Network Server providing DHCP:


 More scalable than other solutions.
 Offloads DHCP function from network devices.
 Relatively easy to manage.

 Benefits of a Router providing DHCP:


 Simple solution for small branch office or wireless home network.
 Less costly because a dedicated DHCP server is not required.
 Cisco IOS provides a DHCP server in routers and multilayer switches.
DHCP Server Types & Locations
DHCP Operation
 Client broadcasts a Discovery message.

 Server responds with a potential IP address offer.

 Client sends request to use the suggested address.

 Server responds with an acknowledgment.


IOS DHCP Example: Multi-pool Topology
IOS DHCP Example: Multi-pool Config

R1(config)# ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.1 192.168.11.9


R1(config)# ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.254
R1(dhcp-config)# ip dhcp pool LAN-POOL-1
R1(dhcp-config)# network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0
R1(dhcp-config)# default-router 192.168.10.1
R1(dhcp-config)# domain-name span.com

R1(config)# ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.11.1 192.168.11.9


R1(config)# ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.11.254
R1(dhcp-config)# ip dhcp pool LAN-POOL-2
R1(dhcp-config)# network 192.168.11.0 255.255.255.0
R1(dhcp-config)# default-router 192.168.11.1
R1(dhcp-config)# domain-name span.com
Useful DHCP IOS show Commands
Useful DHCP IOS show Commands
DHCP Troubleshooting Process

 Task 1: Resolve IP address conflicts.

R2# show ip dhcp conflict


IP address Detection Method Detection time
192.168.1.32 Ping Feb 16 2011 12:28 PM
192.168.1.64 Gratuitous ARP Feb 23 2011 08:12 AM

 Task 2: Verify physical connectivity.


R2# show interface type/number

 Task 3: Configure client with static address and test connectivity.

 Task 4: Verify Switch Port Configuration (STP Portfast & Other Commands)
DHCP Troubleshooting Process

 Task 5: Verify DHCP server information with client/server on the same


subnet. Issues can include:
 Incorrect information being provided by the DHCP server.
 Service not enabled on DHCP server.
 Client not set up as DHCP client.
 Rogue DHCP server in the subnet.

 Task 6: Verify DHCP communication between client/server on different


subnets. Issues can include:
 DHCP relay issues.
 IP helper address missing or incorrectly configured.

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