C2 Logarithms & Exponential Functions 2 QP
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Ma JaniceC2 Logarithms & Exponential Functions 2 QP
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Ma Janice√
1 Express loga x3 + loga x in the form k loga x. [2]
2 The points (2, 6) and (3, 18) lie on the curve y = axn .
Use logarithms to find the values of a and n, giving your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [5]
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3
buds
final
stems
3rd stage nodes
stems
2nd stage nodes
7 leaves at each node
1st stage node
stem
Fig. 12
A branching plant has stems, nodes, leaves and buds.
• There are 7 leaves at each node.
• From each node, 2 new stems grow.
• At the end of each final stem, there is a bud.
Fig. 12 shows one such plant with 3 stages of nodes. It has 15 stems, 7 nodes, 49 leaves and 8 buds.
(i) One of these plants has 10 stages of nodes.
(A) How many buds does it have? [2]
(B) How many stems does it have? [2]
(ii) (A) Show that the number of leaves on one of these plants with n stages of nodes is
7(2n − 1). [2]
(B) One of these plants has n stages of nodes and more than 200 000 leaves. Show that n
log10 200 007 − log10 7
satisfies the inequality n > . Hence find the least possible value of n.
log10 2
[4]
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4 Simplify
(i) 10 − 3 loga a, [1]
√
log10 a5 + log10 a
(ii) . [2]
log10 a
5 Answer part (i) of this question on the insert provided.
Ash trees grow quickly for the first years of their life, then more slowly. This table shows the height
of a tree at various ages.
Age (t years) 4 7 10 15 20 40
Height (h m) 4 9 12 17 19 26
The height, h m, of an ash tree when it is t years old may be modelled by an equation of the form
h = a log10 t + b.
(i) On the insert, complete the table and plot h against log10 t, drawing by eye a line of best fit. [3]
(ii) Use your graph to find an equation for h in terms of log10 t for this model. [3]
(iii) Find the height of the tree at age 100 years, as predicted by this model. [1]
(iv) Find the age of the tree when it reaches a height of 29 m, according to this model. [3]
(v) Comment on the suitability of the model when the tree is very young. [2]
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7 (i) Write down the values of log a1 and log a a, where a 1. [2]
Ê x3ˆ
(ii) Show that log a x 10 2 log a Á ˜ = 4 log a (2 x ) . [3]
Ë 4¯
9 Write down the values of log a a and log a (a3 ) . [2]
10 Use logarithms to solve the equation 5 3x 100. Give your answer correct to 3 decimal places.
[4]
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