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Kern Method Steps

1. The document outlines the step-by-step process for heat exchanger design, including calculating heat duty, mean temperature difference, heat transfer coefficients, and geometry. 2. Key parameters like log mean temperature difference, temperature correction factor, and heat transfer coefficients are required to calculate the heat exchanger area and dimensions. 3. Charts and equations provided help determine factors for shell and tube arrangement, diameter, baffle spacing, and pressure drop based on flow properties and exchanger configuration.

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Organic Chemistry
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144 views15 pages

Kern Method Steps

1. The document outlines the step-by-step process for heat exchanger design, including calculating heat duty, mean temperature difference, heat transfer coefficients, and geometry. 2. Key parameters like log mean temperature difference, temperature correction factor, and heat transfer coefficients are required to calculate the heat exchanger area and dimensions. 3. Charts and equations provided help determine factors for shell and tube arrangement, diameter, baffle spacing, and pressure drop based on flow properties and exchanger configuration.

Uploaded by

Organic Chemistry
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

You have the option to assume three known temperature and find the fourth one
or four temperature values and find one of the shell or tube side flow rate. Use the
heat duty equation q  m c cp c (Tc ou  Tc in )  m h cp h (Th , out Th , in ) where

subscripts c and h refer to cold and hot streams. Then obtain the heat duty, q.
2. Based on the type of flow, calculate Log Mean Temperature Difference, LMTD.
(Thi  Tco)  (Tho  Tci)
For counter current LMTD 
(Thi  Tco)
ln
(Tho  Tci)
For co-current LMTD  (Thi  Tci)  (Tho  Tco)
(Thi  Tci)
ln
(Tho  Tco)
3. Based of the exchanger configuration obtain the Temperature correction factor.
For 1 shell-2 tube pass exchanger

For other configurations, use the following charts

Temperature correction factor: one shell pass; two or more even tube 'passes

Temperature correction factor: two shell passes; four or multiples of four tube passes
Temperature correction factor: divided-flow shell; two or more even-tube passes

Temperature correction factor, split flow shell, 2 tube pass

4. Calculate the mean temperature difference using ΔTm  Ft  LMTD

5. Assume overall heat transfer coefficient as initial guess from the table below:
6. Calculate the provisional area A  q
U .ΔTm
7. Assume tube diameter, Assume tube length, L
8. Assume fouling factor based on inside and outside tubes, hdi and hdo
9. Assume material of construction for the tubes  thermal conductivity?

10. Based on the assumed tube diameter (ID and OD at a given BWG) and tube
A
length, L, calculate number of tubes: Nt 
 .do .L
11. Calculate tube pitch and the bundle diameter

Where K1 and n1 are obtained from the table below based on the type of tube

Arrangement (Triangular or square pitch):


12. Provide/Assume the type of floating head of the exchanger and obtain the bundle
diameter clearance, BDC . Use the chart bellow:
13. Calculate the shell diameter. Ds  Db  BDC
14. Calculate the baffle spacing. Bs  0.2Ds

( pt  d o )Ds.Bs
15. Calculate the area for cross As
flow, pt

shell - side flowrate[kg/s]


16. Calculate the shell-side mass velocity, Gs 
As
17. Calculate the shell equivalent diameter

18. Calculate the shell-side Reynolds number

.Cp
19. Calculate Prandtl number. Pr 
k
20. Obtain the shell-side heat transfer coefficient
Where

jh is obtained from the chart bellow


21. Calculate the pressure drop in the shell

Where j f may be obtained from the chart bellow


















































































































































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