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BT5 - Lesson 1

The document discusses four basic structural forms that buildings can take: solid, surface, skeletal, and membrane. It also discusses common structural materials like metals, timber, concrete, and plastics, noting whether they are isotropic or anisotropic. Finally, it introduces the topic of basic structural elements but does not describe them.

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Fritz Dela Vega
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75 views

BT5 - Lesson 1

The document discusses four basic structural forms that buildings can take: solid, surface, skeletal, and membrane. It also discusses common structural materials like metals, timber, concrete, and plastics, noting whether they are isotropic or anisotropic. Finally, it introduces the topic of basic structural elements but does not describe them.

Uploaded by

Fritz Dela Vega
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 5

ALTERNATIVE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS


AR. JENNY M. ESTRADA, uap
STRUCTURAL FORM
Structures take one of four basic forms which
may exist singly or in combination.

Solid - A homogeneous mass


structure where the external
surface is independent of the
internal form - a three-
dimensional solid body
STRUCTURAL FORM
Structures take one of four basic forms which
may exist singly or in combination.

Surface - A homogeneous
surface where the external and
internal forms are similar - a
two-dimensional panel
STRUCTURAL FORM
Structures take one of four basic forms which
may exist singly or in combination.

Skeletal - A framework where


the assembly of members gives a
clear indication of the form
usually using one-dimensional
elements •
STRUCTURAL FORM
Structures take one of four basic forms which
may exist singly or in combination.

Membrane - A flexible sheet


material sometimes reinforced with
linear tension elements used either
as single cables or as a cable net. A
variation is the pneumatic where air
under pressure is contained by a
tension membrane skin
STRUCTURAL FORM
Structures take one of four basic forms which
may exist singly or in combination.
STRUCTURAL FORM
In Nature
Human and animal
skeletons
• Birds' wings
• fish
• flowers
• Honeycombs
• Leaves
• Plants
• Rock caves
• Shellfish
• Snails
• Snowflakes
• Spiders' webs
• Trees
STRUCTURAL FORM
Man - made

Aeroplanes • Bicycles • Bridges •


Buildings • Cars • Clothes • Cranes •
Dams • Engines • Fabrics •
Fastenings • Furniture • Musical
instruments • Packaging • Pottery •
Roads • Sculpture (3-D art) • Ships
and yachts • Sports gear • Technical
instruments • Tents • Tools • Toys •
Tunnels • Wheels
STRUCTURAL MATERIALS

ISOTROPIC
• Providing equal performance in all
directions in both tension and
compression

Example:
Metals • Including steel, aluminum,
bronze, titanium etc.
STRUCTURAL MATERIALS

ANISOTROPIC
Providing differing performances in
different directions and in
compression and tension

Example:
Timber • Different values for
compression and tension. Different
values for load parallel and
perpendicular to the grain.
STRUCTURAL MATERIALS

ANISOTROPIC
Providing differing performances in
different directions and in
compression and tension

Example:
Concrete and masonry • Good in
compression, poor in tension. Steel
reinforcement provides the tension
element in reinforced concrete.
STRUCTURAL MATERIALS

ANISOTROPIC
Providing differing performances in
different directions and in
compression and tension

Example:
Plastics and reinforced plastics •
Usually stronger in tension than
compression. A very wide range of
performance according to type of
plastic and reinforcement
BASIC STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
BASIC STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
BASIC STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
Thank you for listening! ☺

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