EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE IN THE PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTE OF

SELECTED GRADE 12 STUDENTS IN OUR LADY OF LOURDES COLLEGE

A QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH PAPER

Presented to

The Senior High School Department

Our Lady of Lourdes College, Valenzuela City

Paras, Patrisha Anselma T.

Pineda, Rence Anne L.
Ponilas, Karen Hazel
Porferio, Shaira Ann
Tan, John Kyle
Teofisto, Renz
Ynalvis, Nelson

ABM 12-4

Submitted to:

Mr. John Mark D. Mabutas

Practical Research 2Teacher

Chapter I
 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Children can access the Internet and social media applications from

many different entry points, including IPads, tablets, desktops, laptops, and

smartphones. Social media can be used by adolescents to explore topics that

interest them or to even seek friendship, through the use of the

communicative features. This can be very valuable, but at the same time the

content that the teens are viewing may impact important domains of their

development. One of the domains that social media can hinder would be an

adolescent’s physical development, which would include any aspects of the

human body that one can see. Body image is the dynamic perception of

one’s body. It includes how the body looks, feels, and moves, and is shaped

by perception, emotions, physical sensations, and is not static, but can

change in relation to mood, physical experience, and environment (Croll,

2005).

Puberty leads to many physical changes during adolescence and that

can influence the perceptions of the body. Adolescence is a vulnerable time

due to all of these changes, which will easily allow perceptions of the body to

impact confidence and self-esteem. Puberty for boys brings characteristics

typically admired by society, such as height, speed, broadness, and

strength, while puberty for girls can bring increased body fat and a rounder

appearance (Croll, 2005).

According to the National Institutes of Health, while using smartphones

for texting or social media, you burn one—yes, just one—calorie an hour

because your energy expenditure is next to nothing. This can lead to

obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular problems,

blood pressure problems, arthritis, breathing issues, neck strain and cancer.

It may also increases obesity, it’s thought that if you see on social media

that your friends are gaining weight, then you may believe that it’s OK to do

the same. Social media distorts the perception of what’s accepted. On the

flip side, social networks can inspire people to lose weight. It may also leads

to eating disorders. Research found that women who used Facebook a lot

had more body image concerns, which resulted in a higher tendency to

engage in eating disorder behaviors. These women crave getting “likes” and

comments on their posts, and they compare photos of themselves against

their friends.

The researchers want to prove the effects of social media usage in the

physical attribute of selected grade 12 students in Our Lady of Lourdes

College.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1.Respondent profile research  Project goals and

value objectives
 survey forms The Effects of
•Gender  Identifying the Social Media usage
•Age effects of social in the Physical
media usage in Attribute of
•Grade/level the physical selected Senior
2. What will be the the effects of attribute of High School in Our
selected grade 12 Lady of Lourdes
social media in improving oneself student of Our College
Lady of Lourdes
in terms of physical aspect of
College
selected Senior High School in Our  Conduct survey
using survey form
Lady of Lourdes College. questionnaire
 Use of weighted
mean,
a. positive b. negative
percentage,
frequency
3. Is there a significant difference distribution and
one way ANOVA
in the effectiveness of aspect social
 Analization and
media in improving oneself in interpretation of
collected data will
terms of physical of selected be presented

Senior High School in Our Lady of

Lourdes College.

FIGURE 1.1: Paradigm of the study

 The figure shown above illustrates I-P-O of the study. The social media

have a big effect on a person’s decision to improve. There are a lot of factors

to improve in oneself, mostly by the influence of internet people are

improving their physical aspect.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

Social Comparison Theory states that individuals engage in

comparisons with others in order to determine their relative social standing

and worth (Festinger, 1954). This theory can be applied to a range of

personal and social attributes, including an individual’s attractiveness based

on their body size and shape.

Engaging in upward social comparisons (i.e. comparisons with those

perceived to be better off for a given attribute) can have positive effects

when the comparisons are made with a similar target, such as a peer,

because the target seems to represent an achievable goal that is within

reach and is therefore perceived as motivating. When upward social

comparisons are made with a dissimilar target, such as a fashion model,

negative outcomes can result, since achieving parity with the dissimilar

target feels out of reach (Ridolfi, Myers, Crowther, & Ciesla, 2011).

Downward social comparisons (i.e. comparisons with those perceived to be

worse off on a particular attribute) seem to have positive effects for both
similar and dissimilar targets, therefore, it is upward social comparisons that

are implicated in the promotion of negative affect and body image

disturbances.

Upward social comparisons to both media images and peers have been

associated with body dissatisfaction (Ridolfi et al., 2011). Body comparisons

to thin-ideal peers have been shown to produce significant increases in body

dissatisfaction after exposure (Krones, Stice, Batres, & Orjada,2005). A

meta-analysis by Myers and Crowther (2009), which included both

correlational and experimental studies, found a large effect size for the

relationship between engaging in social comparisons and resulting negative

body satisfaction outcomes. These effects, while heterogeneous, were found

to be moderated by both gender and age, with larger effects observed for

both women and younger individuals (Myers & Crowther, 2009). A study of

college women also indicated that social comparison mediated the effects of

the sociocultural influences outlined in the Tripartite Influence Model on body

dissatisfaction (van den Berg, Thompson, Obremski-Brandon, & Coovert,

2002).

Social Comparison Theory indicates that people seek out targets for

comparison for the aspects of the self that they consider to be important

(Festinger, 1954). Due to the socio-cultural pressures to be physically

attractive and incredibly thin, it has been proposed that women are

motivated to look to various sources in order to find references to use for

body comparisons (Rodgers et al., 2015). Due to the current ubiquity,

popularity, convenience, and accessibility of social media, it is logical to

deduce that social media may serve as a platform for body comparison for

some users. Social media is a new potential source of social influence that

could serve as an efficient platform through which to conduct social

comparisons. Therefore, it is important to further examine the body

comparison process in the context of social media.

Only one correlational study was found in which social comparisons

made on social media were examined in relation to body image, and only in

the context of Facebook (Fardouly & Vartanian, 2015).

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of this study will show how social media will have an

effect on improving oneself in terms of physical aspect.

This quantitative study will answer the following questions:

1. Profile of the Respondents

1.1 Name

1.2 Age

1.3 Gender

1.4 Grade/ level

 2. What will be the the effects of social media in improving oneself in

terms of physical aspect of selected Senior High School in Our Lady of

Lourdes College.

a. positive b. negative

3. Is there a significant difference between the effects of social media

usage in the physical attribute of selected grade 12 students in Our Lady of

Lourdes College.

HYPOTHESIS

This study will show how social media will have an effects of social

media usage in the physical attribute of selected grade 12 students in Our

Lady of Lourdes College.

Ho: There is no significant difference in the effects of social media

usage in the physical attribute of selected grade 12 students in Our Lady of

Lourdes College.

Hi: There is a significant difference in the effects of social media usage

in the physical attribute of selected grade 12 students in Our Lady of Lourdes

College.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study evaluated the effectiveness of the social media in improving

oneself physical aspect that would prove useful to the following:

First, this study can help Students who are improving their selves in

terms of physical aspect. The result of this study can serve as basis for

further study about effectiveness of the social media in improving oneself

physical aspect of students.

Second, this study will show how Netizen are being influence by the

social media to improve their selves.

Third, School and Administration, the result of this study can help

or can give seminar/ program to the students and help them to know

effectiveness of the social media in improving oneself physical aspect

Lastly, future researcher will know how netizens are being influence

by social media and if it help them to improve their physical aspect or it does

not affect them at all.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The study covered grade 12 students of Our Lady of Lourdes College

that will be interviewed in this research. Also, this study will only have (70)

seventy respondents from them.

 The study will gather information on how did usage of social media

affect them to improve their physical attribute. The beneficiaries will be the

students, influencers, and netizens. The study will include interviews and

questionnaires to gather information and to make this study more effective

DEFINITION OF TERMS

For better clarification and understanding of the terms related to this

study, the following terms are defined operationally.

Confidence – a feeling or believing that you can do something well or you

can succeed (Merriam Webster).

Influence – power to cause change or affect someone or something

(Merriam Webster).

Netizen – people who actively use the internet(Merriam Webster).

Social media – form of electronic communication which people create

online communities to share information, idea, ect. (Merriam Webster).

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

In this chapter presents the meaningful areas of the major

components of the study. Each section is orderly under related literature,

foreign, and local and related studies. Insistent to distinguish the

Effectiveness of social media in improving oneself in terms of physical aspect

it may positive or negative. In view of above considerations, studies are

presented as they lead acceptable reason to the study. The purpose of this

study is to give the researchers an idea, which will help them understand

their desired topic.

RELATED LITERATURE

FOREIGN LITERATURE

With the explosion of social media and more than a billion users on

Facebook alone (Statistic Brain, 2014), social media consumers are being

inundated with thousands of images on a daily basis. Social media sites like

Facebook, Pinterest, and Instagram are filled with image content that

reaches millions of people, including adolescent and young adult females.

Many of these images play into body perfect ideals and encourage the thin

female body-type standard. Researchers have shown a direct relationship

between media usage and low body satisfaction among women and girls
(Dittmar, 2009; Knauss, Paxton, & Alsaker, 2008; Knobloch- Westerwick &

Crane, 2012; Levine & Murnen, 2009; Tiggemann, 2006), and concern is

growing as to how body dissatisfaction may lead to eating disorders, low

self-esteem, and other physical and mental health issues.

Social media is a subset of mass media that has experienced an

increase in use as the Internet has grown in popularity and commonality

(Jurgens 2012). This is particularly true in Western societies such as the

United States. Social media and social networking are both used

interchangeably to represent the many online communities that exist in

today’s society and social groups (Jurgens 2012). These networks are used

to facilitate communication and interaction between people in a purely online

sense and not face-to-face situations. According to del Fresno Garcia et al.

(2016, p. 24), “social media are online technology platforms focusing on

synchronous and asynchronous human interactions with a local and global

reach unprecedented to human history.” Social media is a form of

communication and connectedness that society has never seen or

experienced until now and is growing in popularity, which is increasing

researchers interest in studying its effects especially of body image (Klein

2013).

The Internet and social media have become increasingly relevant parts

of people’s lives and can be acquired in more areas than ever before

(Jurgens 2012). Bell & Dittmar (2011, p. 478) suggest that, “the popularity
and availability of more interactive media is increasing.” People can access

the Internet from almost anywhere at anytime of the day to connect with

anyone around the world (Klein 2013). This makes it easier and more

convenient to access social media sites. Many of these social media outlets

can include, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, blogging/vlogging, YouTube,

Snapchat, etc. Having unlimited access to social networking and being able

to analyze these interactions has been titled infosociability (del Fresno

Garcia et al. 2016). According to del Fresno et al. (2016, p. 25),

infosociability has led to two phenomena, “on the one hand, the rise of mass

auto-communication, and on the other, that every individual has the

potential to become a source of micro-media at the same time the media

and part of the message.” These phenomena will allow researchers and

media users to identify and address social and communication problems

within the world of social networking (del Fresno et al. 2016).

LOCAL LITERATURE

Many researchers have suggested that social media will become a new

outlet to connect all types of media so users can access more mass media

than originally available through social networking. Social media services are

always changing and adapting to cater to newer, larger audiences so it is

estimated that social networking will become a valuable mass media tool

(del Fresno Garcia et al. (2016). Del Fresno Garcia et al. (2016, p. 25)
describes social networking as, “a media of intersection of every media and

medium,” and within social media there is a possibility to post links, videos,

and images from other media outlets. Having social media as an outlet to all

types of media allows for them to further influence social media users

beyond just social networking sites.

Social media has great influence over many users especially when they

are engaged in communication and activity surrounding a popular media

figure, such as celebrities or social network stars. Del Fresno Garcia et al.

(2016) has labeled these types of figures as opinion leaders because they

have strong influence over other social media users who view them as role

models and often copy their actions. These figures are, “portrayed as having

significant influence over others as they selected, modified, and transmitted

information/messages of their choosing to the wider public- in essence

controlling both the means and the message” (del Fresno Garcia et al.

2016). Therefore these opinion leaders have the power to portray messages

that may be positive or negative. Many of these messages have the potential

to represent negativity towards topics such as body image and body

dissatisfaction.

RELATED STUDIES

FOREIGN STUDIES
 According to Adler (2014), “Americans spend more time on social

media than any other major Internet activity, including email” (Adler,

2014,). 

Social media claims millions of users, and billions of minutes from

those users (Statistic Brain, 2014). Social media is defined as: web-based

services that allow individuals to construct a public or semi-public profile

within a bounded system, articulate a list of other users with whom they

share a connection, and view and traverse their list of connections and those

made by others within the system (Kalnes, 2013,). However, for many

people, social media has become more than just a web-based service; it has

become their social lives, their lens into the way others live, look, and act.

The Effectiveness of social media in improving oneself in terms of

physical aspect it may positive or negative. Social Media can positively

affects how people manage their health. More than 40 percent of users have

improved their health habits as a result of what they read on social media. It

also improves health via smartphone apps. Having a phone app at hand

helps keep users focused on exercise, diet and weight, plus some apps have

social features so other users can provide additional support. It may also

increases quality of healthcare, 60 percent of doctors think the quality of

care they provide is improved because of social media. In negative, it may

affects sleep by staying up late texting or browsing social media sites can

result in sleep disorders, stress and depression. It can provides a quick “hit”:
The instant gratification that social media provides can be likened to a drug

and elicit addiction-like symptoms. It may promotes inactivity.

Social media is becoming a powerful addition to the health

communicators toolkit. Social media is currently utilized both as

broadcasting platform to amplify messages from traditional media sources

(e.g., radio, television, print media) to demographics who are abandoning

traditional broadcast technologies (e.g., telephones, television) and as an

entirely new way of collaborating and co-creating content with target

audiences. There is a general belief that the participatory web, or social

media, is rapidly transforming how the public relates to medical professions

and how average citizens seek out and consume medical information

(10,16,38). Leading public health organizations are driven to integrate social

media tools into their communication strategies because of this profound

shift in citizens communication behaviours and new expectations about the

degree of openness, transparency and responsiveness of the communication

environment. In addition, many health agencies are following the lead of

corporations and political parties in adopting the comparatively inexpensive

range of infoveillance and dissemination tools in order to monitor, in real-

time, health conversations and to interject their agencys viewpoint in situ

and then capitalizing on social medias ability to leverage social networks for

word of mouth advertising. Agencies are also taking advantage of user-

generated feedback and commentary to 24 improve message visibility and a

variety of paid-media tools to spread messages virally through entire

platforms of users, potentially reaching millions of viewers in a relatively

short period of time.

Rouis, Limayem, & Salehi-Sangari (2011) investigate the effects of

using Facebook on academic performance of undergraduate students at

Lulea University of Technology Sweden in relation to their personality traits.

The proposed research model tests how Facebook usage effects performance

of students with different personality traits. In addition the research tries to

justify the relationship among the three i.e. Facebook usage, personality

traits and academic performance. Their analysis of 239 students’ data

reveals very significant results. This research establishes that using

Facebook has strong negative impact on academic performance of students

with extrovert personalities. However, factor of self-regulation among

students greatly reduces this negative impact as they have high level of

effective self-control while using social media platforms. Cognitive

absorption, which defines extent of deep involvement, is another personality

factor taken into consideration while undertaking this research.

Rouis, Limayem & Salehi-Sangari (2011) successfully make the

observation that extent of cognitive absorption determines the frequency

and duration of social media usage. However, they add that level of

cognitive absorption is in turn defined by self-control and other personality

factors. While multitasking skills do nothing to reduce frequency and use of

social media among students, they moderate the effects of social media on

students’ performance by tuning the cognitive absorption.

LOCAL STUDIES

Junco, R. (2012) investigates the impact of Facebook being a social

medium on students’ performance on academic courses. The research

analyzes data from 1839 respondents studying 4 years degrees in residential

institutes of northeastern USA to find trends on frequency of Facebook visits

and activities, time spent on Facebook, time spent on class preparation and

academic grades of the students under research. Analysis of the collected

data reveals that time spent on Facebook and frequency of visiting Facebook

are negatively related to students’ performance in terms of their GPA.

However, there is slightly negative correlation between time spent on this

widely used social medium and the time spend in studying for class. He

further adds that although time spent on social media and academic

performance are negatively correlated but, this relationship in real world

scenarios does not seem to be a major hurdle in academic success.

Junco R. (2012) emphasizes a further investigation into the issue to

find some more variables like focus and intervention that may be strongly

related to academic performance. The negative correlation between

Facebook usage and academic outcomes may be justified by some negative

academic impacts related to certain ways students use this social medium.
He observes that some specific uses of this social media are related to

improved academic performance while others contribute to lower academic

results.

SYNTHESIS OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

There are a lot the effects of social media usage in the physical

attribute of selected Senior High School in Our Lady of Lourdes College it

may positive or negative to the students.

Social media now is controversy topic in today’s society. Benefits of social

media to the students; Increased Student Collaboration, Increased Student

Participation, Team Projects are easier to review, Rich E-learning Media

available and Video Conferencing abilities. Also, they have a Disadvantage of

the social media to Students; Student distraction can become issue, Lack of

control for inappropriate content and Relying on Social Media for all contact.

Some people think that social media destroys human interaction and real life

human relationships. While others think that social media is a bless to

humanity. Social media makes human interaction much more convenient and

much faster than real life human interaction, it makes globalization a reality, it

gives a chance for introverted people to express themselves, and it also

benefit develop international relationships whether its business or social.

Social media makes it easy for people to communicate and interact with each

other anytime anywhere in the world.

That’s why researchers conducted a lot of studies that would serve as

a prior help to know the Effectiveness of social media in improving oneself in

terms of physical aspect it may positive or negative. Indeed, foreign and

local studies are really essential and reliable.

Lastly, the literatures and studies that are used in this research are

very helpful. Thanks to those researchers that gave an answer to those

questions that we are looking for.

 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

The types of sampling, gathering of respondents and instruments used

are shown in this chapter. This chapter presents the methodology and

research design that is used in collecting data. This is a phenomenological

study so various experiences of the respondents are aimed to gather.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study used a Causal-Comparative design because the researcher’s

goal is to determine whether the independent variable affected the outcome,

or dependent variable, by comparing two or more groups of individual. A

causal-comparative design is a research design that seeks to find

relationships between independent and dependent variables after an action

or event has already occurred. The researcher's goal is to determine whether

the independent variable affected the outcome, or dependent variable, by

comparing two or more groups of individuals. There are similarities and

differences between causal-comparative research, also referred to as ex post

facto research, and both correlational and experimental research. This entry

discusses these differences, as well as the benefits, process, limitations, and

criticism of this type of research design. To demonstrate how to use causal-

comparative research, examples in education are presented.(Encyclopedia of

Research Design) 2010

RESEARCH LOCALE

The Our Lady of Lourdes College was initially conceived by its founders

Mr. Alfredo D. Demetillo and Dr. Adelia C. Demetillo as an educational

institution primarily to serve the educational needs of youth of Valenzuela

City. The school is located at Gen. T. De Leon, Valenzuela City. The

respondents of this research will be the senior students of Our Lady of

Lourdes College. Also, this study will only have (120) one twenty

respondents. The respondents will be given a survey questionnaire that is in

a structure and unstructure form.

SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES USED

This quantitative research will use Simple-random sampling. This type

of probability sampling will be used to choosing of respondents based on

pure chance. Those are willing and available to participate in the study. In

addition, this type of sampling will be used to gather the result or answer

that is needed in the study. Simple random sampling is a sampling technique

where every item in the population has an even chance and likelihood of

being selected in the sample. Here the selection of items completely

depends on chance or by probability and therefore this sampling technique is

also sometimes known as a method of chances. This process and technique

is known as simple random sampling, and should not be confused with

systematic random sampling. A simple random sample is a fair sampling

technique. Simple random sampling is a very basic type of sampling method

and can easily be a component of a more complex sampling method. The

main attribute of this sampling method is that every sample has the same

probability of being chosen. The sample size in this sampling method should

ideally be more than a few hundred so that simple random sampling can be

applied in an appropriate manner. It is sometimes argued that this method

is theoretically simple to understand but difficult to practically implement.

Working with large sample size isn’t an easy task and it can sometimes be a

challenge finding a realistic sampling frame. ( by Adi Bhat)

THE INSTRUMENTS

This quantitative research uses semi-structured and structured

questionnaire to gather information from the respondents and also to know

their different point of views about the research topic.

These are the following questions in the survey questionnaire to be

answered by the respondents only:

Part I: PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS

Name (Optional): ___________________________________

Age: _______ Section and strand :___________________

Part II. EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE IN THE PHYSICAL
ATTRIBUTE OF GRADE 12 STUDENTS IN OUR LADY OF LOURDES
COLLEGE
Directions: Please read the following statements carefully and place a
check mark (√) to the corresponding boxes for your answer.

Positive Strongly Disagre Strongly

Agree Neutral
Statement Agree e Disagree

1. Social media can

helps you to improve
your physical
fitness.

2. Social media
helps you to have a
better face because
of someone you saw
that makes you
inspired.

3. Social media
influence you to
build your ideal
body.

4. Social media
make you feel
confident about your
body.

5. Social media
helps you to have a
proper hygiene by
guidance from it.

6. Social media
helps you to become
better of yourself.

7. Social media help

you to have an
 athletic body.

8. Social media
helps you to interact
with people having
the same physical
aspect as yours as
well as others.

9. Social media help

you to buy better
but less expensive
clothes.

10. Social media

help you to achieve
your ideal body.

Negative Strongly Agree Neutral Disagre Strongly

Statement Agree e Disagree

1. Social media
pushes you to have
lack of sleep.

2. Social media
makes you feel
ashamed about your
body.

3. Over usage of
social media make
you look haggard
personally.

4. Posts regarding
self appearance
thought social media
can cause you to
have insecurities.

5. Posts regarding
 body shaming can
cause doubts about
your own body .

6 It may result to
obesity, it’s thought
that if you see on
social media that
your friends are
gaining weight, then
you may believe that
it’s OK to do the
same.

7. Having eye strain

because of being
addicted to social
media.

8. Posts regarding
self appearance
thought social media
can cause you to
have insecurities.

9. Too much use of

social media may
push you to be lazy
and lead to muscle
ache.

10. Using Social

media too long
pushes you to have
a neck strain.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The researchers have four procedures to follow that would be helpful

to gather an important data. 

 First, the research secured a letter of permission to the Principal High

School Department. The letter of permission could certify that the

researchers are allowed to conduct a survey activity in order to collect a data

from the respondents.

Second, the researchers distributed the survey questionnaire to the

respondents and they must fill the answers from the questions given. The

researchers collected the survey questionnaire after they filled up.

Third, the researchers organized and analyze the gathered information

from the respondents.

Finally, the researchers stated the result of analysis, conclusions,

finding and recommendation. 

The researchers will assure confidentially of respondents identity. The

researchers also understand that people’s consciousness may also affect

their honesty and effectiveness in answering the questionnaires, and so, the

researchers will give people the option of being anonymous.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

To interpret the date effectively, the researcher will employ the

following statistical treatment. The Percentage, Weighted Mean and T-test

are the tools use to interpret data.

1. Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA)

This will helpful in making comparison of two or more means which

enables a researcher to draw various results and predictions about two

or more sets of data.

Steps in ANOVA

1. First step is to compute the total sum of the squares.

2. Second step is to compute the squares between columns.

3. The third step is to compute for the sum of squares within the column.

4. To complete the ANOVA table, calculate the mean of sum of squares.

2. Average Weighted Mean

This will be use to determine the assessment of the respondents with

regards to their personal profiles.

Fx
Formula: X =
N

X is the weighted mean

F is the frequency

X is the weight of each item

N is the number of cases

3.Percentage

This will employ to determine the frequency counts and percentage

distribution of personal related variables of the respondents.

F
Formula:%= X100
N

% is the percentage

F is the Frequency

N is the total number of respondents

100 is a constant values

 Chapter IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

In this chapter presents, Analysis the finding of the study together

with the interpretation of the data for the purpose of answering the specific

questions posted in the statement of the problem about the effects of

social media usage in the physical attribute of selected Senior High School in

Our Lady of Lourdes College

The data obtained from the questionnaire were the profile of the

respondents with respect to Section and Age. The data were organized in

tabular forms and the problem treated and discussed in the manner that

they were presented in the statement of the problem from the direct

reference, appropriate analysis and interpretations.

1. Profile of the Respondents

A. The Age distribution of the respondents is shown in table 1

Table 1

Age distribution of the Respondents

Age Frequency Percentage

16 4 5.71%

17 44 62.86%

18 19 27.14%
 19 3 4.29%

Total: 70 100%

Table 1 shows that the age of 17 years old has the greatest number

of respondents. The interpretation of those 17 years old respondents got the

highest number among the respondents in Grade 12 students.

Table 2

Strand distribution of the respondents

Strand Frequency Percentage

STEM 5 7.14%

GAS 8 11.43%

HE 9 12.85%

ICT 10 14.29%

HUMSS 16 22.86%

ABM 22 31.43%

Total: 70 100%

Table 2 Shows that among 100 respondents, 31.43%of them is from

ABM, the 22.86% is from HUMMS, the 14.29% is from ICT, the 12.85% is

from HE, while 11.43% is from GAS, and the remaining 7.14% is from the

STEM.
2. Positive and Negative The Effects of Social Media Usage in the

Physical Attributes of Selected Grade 12 Stdents in Our Lady of

Lourdes College

Table 3

A.Positive Effects of Social Media Usage in the Physical Attributes of

Selected Grade 12 Stdents in Our Lady of Lourdes College.

STRONGL AGREE NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY TOTAL

Y DISAGREE

ARGEE

7(5) 21(4) 20(3) 14(2) 8(1) 3.07 N

6(5) 28(4) 25(3) 6(2) 5(1) 3.26 N

9(5) 26(4) 19(3) 12(2) 4(1) 3.34 N

6(5) 17(4) 28(3) 15(2) 4(1) 3.09 N

12(5) 30(4) 20(3) 5(2) 3(1) 3.61 A

12(5) 26(4) 26(3) 4(2) 2(1) 3.57 A

6(5) 14(4) 27(3) 16(2) 7(1) 2.94 N

12(5) 26(4) 23(3) 8(2) 1(1) 3.57 A

16(5) 23(4) 22(3) 7(2) 2(1) 3.63 A

9(5) 17(4) 27(3) 13(2) 4(1) 3.2 N

 Verbal
Interpretation
Positive Statement Weighted Mean

1. Social media can 3.07 Neutral

helps you to improve
your physical fitness.

2. Social media helps 3.26 Neutral

you to have a better
face because of
someone you saw that
makes you inspired.

3. Social media 3.34 Neutral

influence you to build
your ideal body.

4. Social media make 3.09 Neutral

you feel confident
about your body.

5. Social media helps 3.61 Agree

you to have a proper
hygiene by guidance
from it.

6. Social media helps 3.57 Agree

you to become better
of yourself.

7. Social media help 2.94 Neutral

you to have an
athletic body.

8. Social media helps 3.57 Agree

you to interact with
 people having the
same physical aspect
as yours as well as
others.

9. Social media help 3.63 Agree

you to buy better but
less expensive
clothes.

10. Social media help 3.2 Neutral

you to achieve your
ideal body.

GRAND WEIGHTED Neutral

MEAN
33.28
3.328∨3.33
10

Table 3 shows that the age of 17 years old has the greatest number

of respondents. The interpretation of 17 years old respondents got the

highest number among the respondents in Grade 12 students. The following

positive effects of Social Media Usage in the Physical Attributes of Selected

Grade 12 Students with weighted mean of 3.07, 3.26, 3.34, 3.09, 3.61,

3.57, 2.94, 3.57, 3.63, and 3.2 with a grand weighted mean of 3.33, neutral

respectively with a verbal interpretation of neutral , neutral, neutral, neutral,

agree, agree, neutral, agree, agree, and neutral

 Table 4

A. Negative Effects of Personal Decision-Making of Grade 12

Students in Our Lady of Lourdes College in Deciding School in

College.

STRONGL AGREE NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGL TOTAL

Y Y
DISAGREE
ARGEE

27(5) 29(4) 10(3) 3(2) 1(1) 4.11 A

7(5) 22(4) 32(3) 6(2) 3 (1) 3.34 N

14(5) 27(4) 19(3) 9(2) 1(1) 3.63 A

10(5) 29(4) 26(3) 5(2) 0(1) 3.63 A

9(5) 30(4) 26(3) 5(2) 0(1) 3.61 A

7(5) 25(4) 27(3) 7(2) 4(1) 3.34 N

21(5) 25(4) 20(3) 4(2) 0(1) 3.9 A

13(5) 27(4) 19(3) 9(2) 2(1) 3.57 A

22(5) 26(4) 17(3) 4(2) 1(1) 3.91 A

20(5) 20(4) 19(3) 9(2) 2(1) 3.67 A

Weighted Mean Verbal

Interpretation
Negative Statement

1. Social media 4.11 Agree

pushes you to have
lack of sleep.

2. Social media 3.34 Neutral

 makes you feel
ashamed about your
body.

3. Over usage of 3.63 Agree

social media make
you look haggard
personally.

4. Posts regarding 3.63 Agree

self appearance
thought social media
can cause you to have
insecurities.

5. Posts regarding 3.61 Agree

body shaming can
cause doubts about
your own body .

6 It may result to 3.34 Neutral

obesity, it’s thought
that if you see on
social media that your
friends are gaining
weight, then you may
believe that it’s OK to
do the same.

7. Having eye strain 3.9 Agree

because of being
addicted to social
media.

8. Posts regarding 3.57 Agree

 self appearance
thought social media
can cause you to have
insecurities.

9. Too much use of 3.91 Agree

social media may
push you to be lazy
and lead to muscle
ache.

10. Using Social 3.67 Agree

media too long pushes
you to have a neck
strain.

GRAND WEIGHTED 36.71 Agree

3.671∨3.67
10
MEAN

Table 4 shows that the age of 17 years old has the greatest number

of respondents. The interpretation of those 17 years old respondents got the

highest number among the respondents in Grade 12 students. The following

negative effects of Social Media Usage in the Physical Attributes of Selected

Grade 12 Students with weighted mean of 4.11, 3.34, 3.63, 3.63, 3.61,

3.34, 3.9, 3.57, 3.91 and 3.67, agree with a grand weighted mean of 3.67,

neutral respectively with a verbal interpretation of agree, neutral, agree,

agree, agree, neutral, agree, agree, agree, and agree

 Table 5 ANOVA

There is no significant difference between the Effects of Social Media

Usage in the Physical Attribute.

Anova: Single Factor

SUMMARY
Coun
Groups t Sum Average Variance
Column 1 70 234.6 3.351429 0.493839

Column 2 70 244.95 3.499286 0.266413

ANOVA

Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit

Between 0.1582
Groups 0.765161 1 0.765161 2.012916 2 3.909729

Within
Groups 52.45732 138 0.380126

Total 53.22248 139        

NEGATIVE EFFECTS
 Table 5 shows that there is no significant difference between the

Effects of Social Media Usage in the Physical Attribute of Selected grade 12

students in Our Lady of Lourdes College.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

In this chapter, the researchers presents their insights and

interpretation based on the outcome produced. The following discusses the

major findings, the conclusions drawn and recommendations made to

include in our study.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

The following are the important findings to the study:

1. The Profile of the Respondents

Students who answer the questionnaire is mostly ABM student

which is 31.43 percent, HUMSS student which is 22.86 percent,

ICT student which is 14.29 percent, HE student which is 12.8

percent 5 GAS student which is 11.43 percent, STEM student

which is 7.14 percent and their age is ranging to 16-19 years

old.
 2. Positive and Negative The Effects of Social Media Usage in the

Physical Attributes of Selected Grade 12 Stdents in Our Lady of

Lourdes College.

Positive. The Grade 12 respondents on the positive effects of

social media usage in the physical attributes shows that all of

respondent’s verbal interpretation is neutral. The grand weighted

mean of the positive effect is 3.33 with the verbal interpretation of

neutral. It shows that most of the respondents answered neutral on

the positive effects of social media usage in the physical attributes of

grade 12.

Negative. The Grade 12 respondents on the effects of social

media usage in the physical attributes shows that all of the

respondent’s verbal interpretation is agree. The grand weighted mean

of the negative effect is 3.67 with the verbal interpretation of agree.

This indicates that most of the respondents are agree on the negative

effects of social media usage in the physical attributes of grade 12.

3. The Significant difference between the Editor’s handbook and its

Effects to the Academic Performance of Grade 7 students.
The table shows that the F value 6473.53 of positive effects and the F
value 7108. 73 of negative effects are greater than the F crit 3.98. The null
hypothesis is rejected making the research study significant.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the findings, conclusions are drawn:

1. The Editor’s handbook helps and teaches students to understand more of the
concepts and objectives well.
 2. It is more useful and easily accessible to provide students Editor’s handbook
to enhance their thinking abilities.
3. Editor’s Handbook is effective to the Academic Performance of Grade 7
students.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The following are the recommendations of the study:

1. The researchers recommend that students must use editor's handbook to

improve their academic performance.
2. Teachers can use editor’s handbook as a teaching material for a better way
of learning of the students.
3. For the future researchers, make a different topic for the students to expand
their intelligence.

EXAMPLE: (taken from, Editor's Handbook and Its Effects to the Academic Performance of
Grade 7 Students (2018-2019)

ABSTRACT

Below is an abstract of the study conducted by Buer et.al entitled “Editor's

Handbook and Its Effects to the Academic Performance of Grade 7 Students”, 2019.
Objectives. The researchers’ primary objective is to know the effect that
comes with the Editor's Handbook to enhance its overall purpose to the students.
Thus, this explores the positive and negative effects of the handbook, if the
handbook will benefit the students or not. It also provides a guide for the other
schools and DepEd to follow this kind of method in teaching students.
Methods. The study collected data through the use of structured form of
questionnaire from the selected Grade 7 students of Our Lady of Lourdes College
using questionnaires. There are (35) respondents for this study.
Results. Most of the students that had used the handbook realized that is
easier for them to learned independently anytime with the help of the handbook.
Having knowledge and encounter with the handbook will make them think of what
are the benefits for them if the handbook was used in every subject. They are
timely updated on what they must study because they are being caught up by so
many lessons. This Editor's Handbook is identified as an advantage for there will be
handy and less hassle for studying. However this positive views is limited, because
few respondents can’t see the good effects of the editor's handbook.
Conclusion. The researchers therefore conclude that the Editor's handbook
can aid and guide the students in achieving their academic goals. Also regularly
reading the handbook will help them attain all the important points of the lessons.
Active participation, high grades and eagerness in learning will happen if the
handbook is given to the students.