Scribd
Upload
47 views

Physics

1. There are two types of errors in measurements: systematic errors which are fixed and repeatable, and random errors which vary unpredictably around the mean. Precision refers to the agreement between repeated measurements while accuracy refers to the closeness to the true value. 2. Thermal equilibrium occurs when the rate of heat gain of a system equals the rate of heat loss, resulting in no net flow of heat. The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy of a system equals the heat supplied plus work done on or by the system. 3. Momentum is defined as mass times velocity. The first law of motion states that an object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an

Uploaded by

Eng Chai
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
47 views

Physics

1. There are two types of errors in measurements: systematic errors which are fixed and repeatable, and random errors which vary unpredictably around the mean. Precision refers to the agreement between repeated measurements while accuracy refers to the closeness to the true value. 2. Thermal equilibrium occurs when the rate of heat gain of a system equals the rate of heat loss, resulting in no net flow of heat. The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy of a system equals the heat supplied plus work done on or by the system. 3. Momentum is defined as mass times velocity. The first law of motion states that an object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an

Uploaded by

Eng Chai
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

Homogenous: Units of both sides of Systematic Error: Results that differ from the true

equation balances out. values by a fixed amount.


Random Error: Results that scatter around a mean
δQ = aδX + bδY Q = aX ± bY value.
δQ δX δY
=m +n Q = X m ÷Y n Precision: Agreement with each other.
Q X Y Accuracy: Closeness with actual value.
Absolute error is in 1 sf ∆Q
Qty is in same dp as absolute error Fractional Error Q
∆Q
v = u + at Fd ∝ v % Error × 100%
Q
v = u + 2as
2 2
Fd ∝ v 2 Thermal Equilibrium: Rate of heat gain = Rate of heat loss No net
s = 1 2 (u + v )t flow of heat
s = ut + 1 2 at 2 0th law: If A and B are separately in thermal eqm with C, then A and B
∆U = Q + W are in thermal eqm with each other.
1st law: Internal Energy of a system is dependant only on its state. An
Absolute Zero: Minimum Internal Energy at 0K. increase in the U of a system is the sum of work done on the
system and the heat supplied to the system.
Specific Heat Capacity: The qty of heat required to raise the Internal Energy: The sum of all microscopic KE
temperature of 1kg of the material by 1K. and PE of molecules in the object.
Specific Latent Heat of Fusion: The heat energy required to Temperature: A measure of the average KE.
change the state of 1kg of the
material from solid to liquid
without a change in
∆W = F∆x ∆W = p∆V
temperature.
Isothermal: No ∆T;
pV = nRT = > p ∝ 1V
Isovolumetric: No ∆V
pV = NkT where k is Boltzmann constant Isobaric: No ∆p
Adiabatic: No ∆Q; switches between isotherms
pV = 1
3
2
Nm c
3
2 kT = 1
2 m c2 Mean KE of molecule Inertia: A body’s reluctance to change its state of
rest/motion.
Mass: A measure of a body’s inertia.
d (mv)
F= = ma
dt 1st law: A body continues its state of rest of motion or rest unless a
p = mv resultant external force acts on it [Inertia].
2nd law: Rate of change of momentum is proportional to resultant force
Impulse Ft = ∆p and acts in the direction of the force [F=ma].
Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum: 3rd law: If body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts an equal
When bodies in a system interact, the total but opposite force on body A [action-reaction pair].
momentum remains constant, provided no net
external force acts on the system.
   
m1u1 + m2 u 2 = m1v1 + m2 v 2 a Where W = weight
For elastic collisions, u1 − u 2 = v 2 − v1 W’ = effective weight
S S = W’ (action-reaction)

Effective weight: S – W = ma
Total force tt obj exerts on a spring W
scale.

You might also like