= Senior High School De pED peraxraent If or epucaTion General Mathematics Quarter 1 - Module 2: Evaluating Functions Y Mw DELIVERY MODE CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2General Mathematics Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 — Module 2: Evaluating Functions First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M, San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writer: Rey Mark R. Queafio Editors: Elizabeth B, Dizon, Anicia J. Villaruel, Roy O. Natividad Reviewers: Fritz A. Caturay, Necitas F. Constante, Dexter M. Valle, Jerome A. Chavez, Azalea Gallano and Dianne Arlyn C, Pastrana Mlustrator: Dianne C. Jupiter Layout Artist: Sayre M. Dialola and Noel Rey T. Estuita Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas Job S. Zape, Jr Ramonito Elumbaring Reicon C. Condes Elaine T. Balaogan Fe M, Ong-ongowan Hermogenes M. Panganiban Philip B. Gallendez Josephine T, Natividad Anicia J, Villaruel Dexter M. Valle Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education - Region 4-A CALABARZON Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Brgy. San Isidro, Cainta, Rizal Telefax: 02-8682-5773/8684-491 4/8647-7487 E-mail Address: [email protected]Senior High School General Mathematics Quarter 1 - Module 2: Evaluating Functions a DepEDIntroductory Message ‘This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson. Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you. Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher's assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these. In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning, Please use this module with care, Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM, Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task. Ifyou have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. ‘Thank you.&) What I Need to Know ‘This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the key concepts of functions specifically on evaluating functions. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations, The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using, After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. recall the process of substitution; 2. identify the various types of functions; and 3. evaluate functions, 4) What I Know Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Which of the following is a polynomial function? 2x? -10x 47 c, Pe) = -7] 122" 2. What kind of function is being illustrated by (x)= [2x" ~3x,+52 a. Rational Function ©. Greatest Integer Function b. Constant Function d. Absolute Value Function: 3. Find the function value given h(x) =17+8x of x=4d a. 17-32d ¢, 17432d b. 17-32d* , 17432d? 4. Which of the following shows a logarithmic function? a. f(x)=8x° 48 f b. f(x) =log, 81 a, f= |r-I]-8 5. Find the function value given h(x) =7x-11, if x=8m+3 a. S6m+10 c, 56m? +10 b. 56m-10 d. 56m’ -10 1 CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2Which of the following is the value of the function f(x) 3? a. 25 e.19 b. 16 4.10 7. Evaluate the function A(x) =[p+31 given x = 2.5. a, 34 ©. -33 b. -34 4.33 8. Give the value of the of the function c(x) = $x° -18 at (3) a 117 ©. 153 b. 27 4.63 9. Evaluate: fi(x) = 5x” 8x +12 given x= 5. a. 22 ©.97 b. 145 4-3 10.Find the value of the function f(x) = Sx" —4 if x=4 a. 80 o. VIG b. 29 a4 11. Evaluate the function f(x) = 3x? -Sx+2 given x=2r+5 a. 12x? +50x+52 oc, 12x? ~ 50x +52 b. 12x? +65x+77 dg, 12x? -65x+77 12.Given A(x) = 2" ~ 5 determine h(5). a. -15 cS 5 5 pb -5 3S 3 a3 va yd 13. Bvaluate the function k(x) = S*if x= 5 a V5 °. vb. 25 a 2x? —3x47 14.Given g(x)= =~ —*** determine 92). 3x4 a2 8 “2 c7 vp 2 8 2 a7 15.For what values of x can we not evaluate the function f(x) = 2% a a. #4 ©. #2 b. 43 cast CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 21 Evaluating Functions Finding the value of “x” for most of the students is what Mathematics is all about. Sometimes, it seems to be a joke for the students to evaluate an expression, like what is shown by the illustration Find x. Here it is! Ifyou want to learn how to find the value of “y”, well then, you are in the right page. WELCOME to your second module! 4 What’s In Before we begin, let’s go back to the time when you first encounter how to evaluate expressions. Do you still remember? Given the following expressions, find its value if x 1. x9 2. 3x+7 woe Hl : . 3x3 - 6 CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2We have learned that, in an algebraic expression, letters can stand for numbers. And to find the value of the expression, there are two things that you have to do. 1. Replace each letter in the expression with the assigned value. First, replace each letter in the expression with the value that is assign to To make your calculations clear and accurate, enclose the numbers you're substituting in parentheses, The value that is given to a variable stays the same throughout the entire problem, even if the letter occurs more than once in the expression. However, since variables "vary", the value assigned to a particular variable may differ from every problem. 2. Perform the operations in the expression using the correct order of operations. Once you've substituted the value for the letter, do the operations to find the value of the expression. Don't forget to use the correct order of operations: first do any operations involving exponents, then do multiplication and division, and finally do addition and subtraction! Ifin the first activity, you do the same process in order to arrive with these answers, then this module would be very easy for you. Solutions: Given the following expressions, find its value if x = 1 x-9 Since x ~ 3, replace x by 3 in the expression, then subtract 9 =3)-9 2. 3x47 =3x47 Following the steps, substitute x =33)+7 by 3. Multiply it by the numerical =947 coefficient 3 and add 7 =16 CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 23.x +4x—10 After replacing x by 3, get the square of 3 which is 9 ‘Add it to the product of 4 P4410 (3)' +4(3)-10 “5413-10 and 3. Lastly, subtract 10 rom its sum =u 4, 2x? -6x+26 Simply each term inside the parenthesis which results to 18. Subtract 18 from it and 26, x? 6x +26 = 2(3) -6(3) +26 =18-18+26 =26 & Get the cube of 3 which is 27. Then, multiply it to 3 to. get 81. Finally, subtract 6. CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 24 What’s New ‘Types of Functions Read and analyze some of the common types of functions that you might encounter as you go on with this module. Because of this, a constant function has the form f(x) =, where bis a constant (a single value that does not change) “Types of Description Example Function Constant ‘A constant function has the same output y=7 Function value no matter what your input value is. ° Tdentity Function ‘The identity function returns the same value and uses as its argument. It can be expressed as_f(x) = X, for all values of x. SQD=2 Polynomial ‘A polynomial function is defined by Function pea’ ta'xta’x +..¢a"x", where nis a non-negative integer and a", a', a? wy NER, © Linear ‘The polynomial function with degree one. yoarts Function Itis in the form y=mx+b © Quadratic If the degree of the polynomial function is 3x? 42x45 Function two, then it is a quadratic function. It is expressed as y= ax? +bx+c, where a #0 and a, b, c are constant and x is a variable. © Cubic ‘A cubic polynomial fanction is a Y Function polynomial of degree three and can be denoted by f(x) = ar’ +br? ter+d, where a #0 and a,b, ¢, and d are constant & xis a variable. Power Function ‘A power function is in the form y = ax" where b is any real constant number. Many of our parent functions such as linear and quadratic functions are functions. f(x) = 8x* CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2Rational Function ‘A rational function can be represented by a rational fraction say, 22 in whic q(x) numerator and denominator are polynomial functions of x, where q(x) # 0. Exponential function This function is in the form y= ab*, where x is an exponent and a and b are constants. (Note: only b is raised to the power x; not a.) If the base b is greater than 1, then the result is exponential growth. Logarithmic Function ‘Logarithmic functions are the inverses of exponential functions and vice versa. Logarithms are very useful in permitting us to work with very large numbers while manipulating numbers of a much more manageable size. It is written in the form yelog,x _x>0, where b>0 and b#1 = log, 49 ‘Absolute Value Function hhe absolute value of any number, ¢, is represented in the form of |c|. If any function £ R+ Ris defined by f(x)=hy|, it is known as absolute value function. For each non-negative value of x, f(x) = x and for each negative value of x, ffx) = -x, ie., ffx) = x, ifx > 0; —x, ifx <0. Greatest Integer Function Ifa function f; R= R is defined by f\x) = [x], x € X, round-off it to the integer less than the number. Suppose that the given interval is in the form of (x, xt 1), the value of greatest integer function is x which is an integer. Fa) =p+1 where [fis the greatest integer function GQ) What is It Learning the different types of function is essential in this lesson. Because you will encounter those types as we proceed with evaluating functions. When we say evaluating function, is the process of determining the value of the function at the number assigned to a given variable. Just like in evaluating algebraic expressions, you just need to: a) replace each letter in the expression with the assigned value and b.) perform the correct order of operation in the expression. CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2Look at these examples! Example 1: Given f(x) =2x—4, find the value of the function if x = 3. Solution: £3) =23)-4 © Substitute x by 3 in the function. f(3)=6-4 © Simplify the expression on the right f@)=2 side of the equation. Answer: Given f(x)=2x-4, f(3)=2 Example 2: Given g(x)=3x? +7, find g(-3) Solution: g(-3) = 33)? +7 © Substitute x by -3 in the function, 8-3) = 39) +7 © Simplify the expression on the g(-3)= 2747 right side of the equation. g(-3)=34 Answer: Given g(x)=3x° +7, g(-3)=34 Example 3: Given p(x) =3x’ +5x—2, find p(0) and p(-l) Solution: (0) = 3(0)* + 5(0)—2 p(0)=3(0)+0-2 * Treat each of these 0 like two separate Po =0r0-2 problems. In each Pn? substitute x by p(t) =30! +5(-1)-2 its given value and p(t) =30)—5—2 simplify, Start with x=0, then x= p(-I)=3-S-2 pCD= Answer: Given p(x)=3x? +5x—2, p(0)=-2, p(-l)=4 CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2Example 4: Given f(x)=5x+1, find f(h+1) This time, substitute x by (h+1) © Use the distributive property on the right side, then combine like terms to simplify. Solution: flit) =5h+)+1 Pht 1) =Sh4541 S(h+1)=5h+6 Answer: Given f(x) =Sx+1, f(h+l)=5h+6 Example 5: Given g(x)=~/3x-2, find (9) Solution (9) = f309)=2 Y Substitute 9 for x in the function, (9) = 27-2 ¥ Simplify the expression on the g) =V25 right side of the equation, g(9)=5 Answer: Given g(x) =V3x—2, 9(9)=5 ax+ 2x § find the value of function if a Example 6: Given h(x) = Solution: Substitute -5 for x in the function. Simplify the expression on the right side of the equation, (recall the concepts of integers and the process on how to simplify fractions) CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2Example 7: Evaluate f(x)=2' if x=: Solution: Answer: Given f(x) =2" Example 8: Evaluate the function i function given x=2.4 Solution: (2.4) = [pa] +2 N24) =2+2 nQAy=4 Answer: Given h(x) =[px]+2, AC Example 9:Evaluate the function f(x) = value of x8 if x © substitute 3 for x in the function. © Simplify the expression on the right side of the equation. (get the cube of 2 which is 8, then simplify) (3 of 3) =2N2 2) 2) = f+ 2where [xis the greatest integer © Substitute x by 2.4 in the function. © Simplify the expression on the right side of the equation. (Remember that in greatest integer function, value IS rounded-off to the integer less than the number) 2.4) =4 8] where |x—8) means the absolute 3 Solution: £@)=B-8| £3)=F5| £B)=5 Y Substitute 3 for x in the function. ¥ Simplify the expression on the right side of the equation. (Remember that any number in the absolute value sign is always positive) Answer: Given f(x) <[e—s , £0)=5 % CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2Example 10: Evaluate the function f(x) = Solution: f(2x-3) = (2x-3)? -2(2x-3)+2 f(2x-3) = (4x? =12x +9) 404-642 SOx=3)= 4x? 12x49 -404642 SQx-3)= 4x? 12x44 94642 fQx-3)= 4x 16x417 What’s More Your Turn! Independent Practice 1: Fill Me 2x+2 at f2x-3). Substitute 2x—3 for x in the function. Simplify the expression on the right side of the equation. Evaluate the following functions by filling up the missing parts of the solution. 1. f(X)=3x-5, fina f(2) Solution: fQ)= fQ)= f= 2 g(x) =3)2x|, find g/6) Solution: 3(6)= (6) =3)12| (6) = 3. k(a)=|a|-2, find K(-9) Solution: A= (9) =9-2 K-9= ct CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 24, pla)=-4a-2, ind p(2a) Solution: (2a) = PQa) Independent Assessment 1: Evaluate! Evaluate the following functions. Write your answer and complete solution on separate paper. 1. Given w(n) =n-I, find the value of the function if = -1 2. Given f(a) =[pf-3, find (0.3) 3, Evaluate the function w(x) =|+2x+3] ifx =~ 4. Bvaluate: f(s -1, find f(a) 5. Given f(x) =4x-5, find f(2x+3) Independent Practice 2: TRUE or SOLVE! Analyze the following functions by evaluating its value. Write TRUE of the indicated answer and solution is correct, if not, rewrite the solution to arrive with the correct answer on the space provided. 1. Bvaluate f(@)=2t-3; f(") Solution: SO) = 20 AP) =20 -3 ‘Answer: v CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 22. Given the function g(x) = ¥5x-13, find g(9) Solution: 809) = 50)-13 Anower (9) = V45—13 g(9) = 32 g(9) = 16¥2, 3. Given the function f(x) = Solution: ‘Answer: 4. Evaluate the function f(x) = x Solution: > | Answer: f(Gx=1) =Gx-1)? -3x45 fQBx=1) = 9x? —6x+1-3x4+5 fBx=1) = 9x? 9x46 5 2 4 5. Evaluate: g(2)=3' if x= Solution: Answer: 8 CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2Independent Assessment 2: Find my Value! Evaluate the following functions. Write your solution on a separate paper. 1. g(t)=5x-7; go? +) Answer: . W(t) =x? +2x+4; (2) Answer: 3. k(x) = Answer: 4. fla) =2x? +5x-9; f(Sx-2) Answer; 59@) =i p= Answer: 14 CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2What I Have Learned A.Complete the following statements to share your understanding about the different types of functions. Answer using your own words. 1. A polynomial function is 2. An exponential function 3. A rational function, 4. An absolute value function A greatest integer function B. Fill in the blanks to show how we evaluate functions. Evaluating function is the process of. of the function at the assigned to a given variable. Just like in evaluating algebraic expressions, you just need to in the expression with the assigned value, then in the expression using the correct order of operations. Don’t forget to your answer. 15 CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2What I Can Do In this part of the module, you will apply your knowledge on evaluating functions in solving real-life situations. Write your complete answer on the given space. 1. Mark charges ?100.00 for an enco page of printed output. 1g work. In addition, he charges P5.00 per a, Find a function f{x) where x represents the number page of printed out. b. How much will Mark charge for 55-page encoding and printing work? 2. Under certain circumstances, a virus spreads according to the function: 1 PO 1415(2.)° Where P(t) is the proportion of the population that has the virus and (t) represents the days after the acquisition of virus. Find P(4) and P(10) and interpret the results ve CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2Assessment Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Which of the following is not a polynomial function? 2x-10 4. s@)=fx-4|-9 2. What kind of function is being illustrated by f(x) Rational Function Constant Function Greatest Integer Function Absolute Value Function 3. Find the function value given h(x) =9-Sx of x=3m. a 9=15m b. 9-15m? c. 9415m a 9415m? 4. Which of the following shows an exponential function? aoe ce. f(=3-6 @ f0)=hf-8 ind the function value given h(x) =3x—8, if x=9a+1, a. 27a+5 b. 270-5 © a+i1 @ iga-11 6. Which of the following is the value of the function f(x) = a8 b 9 ce. 10 au " CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 27. Evaluate the function A(x) =|[x|-11 given x= 3.5. 8 8 9 a9 8. Give the value of the of the function ¢(x) = 3x” —36 at (5) a. -21 b. 14 ©. 11 4. 39 9. Evaluate: A(x) a. 45 b. 63 ©. 135 a. 153 poe x 3x +9 given x = 3. 10. Find the value of the function f(x) = a V75 b. sv3 c Vi5 a. 3 11. Evaluate the function f(m) = 2m — 3m +1 given m = 3x — a, f(Bx-5)=18x" - 69x + 66 b. f(Bx-5)= 18x? -63x+51 cc. fBx-5)= 18x? + 69x66 d. f(Gx-5) = 18x? + 63x-51 , determine (5). 8 CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 213, Evaluate the function g(x)=3*if x= a, 4243 b. 243 £ a. 39 xia 2x45 14. Given g(x) =————_—,, determine g(4) x+3 a5 a4 33 32 . 21 aoge ” CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2Additional Activities Difference Quotient fi Genet S©) ‘This quantity is called difference quotient. Specifically, it is used in the discussion of the rate of change, a fundamental concept in calculus. Example: Find the difference quotient for each of the following function. A. fils) = 4x-2 B. fl) =? Solution: A. fle) = 4-2 S(x+h)=A(ath)-2= 4x4 4h-2 f(x+hy~ FQ) _ 4x+4h-2-(4x-2) h h _ Ax t4h-2-4x+2) aaa 4h h =4 B. fit) = x2 Set h)= (et hy =x2 + 2he Se+h)-f@) +2hx +h? -( i i +2hx+ hw i 2he +H? “a =2x+h YOUR TURN! Find the value of ee h# 0 for each of the following function. 4. fQx)=3x+4 2 f(xyex 43 20 CO_Q1_General Mathematics SHS Module 2