CHN628 Series

CHN628, CN628 and FP628

Product Introduction Information

Rev 1 - 6/8/11
 Presentation Outline
• CHN628 Series Introduction

• Markets and Techniques

• CHN628 Series:

– Theory of operation
– Specifications
– Improvements
– Selling Strategy
– Software
– Data
 Organic Elemental Combustion
Instrument Platform
• The TruSpec Series created an instrument platform:
– Uniting the three main configurations (CHN, CN, N) of the instrument
for simple upgrades (CN to CHN), interchangeability(N <-> CN),
hardware and software
– Introducing a Sulfur module utilizing LECO’s high temperature
horizontal ceramic furnace technique and utilizing the TruSpec
hardware and software system
– Introducing a Micro Oxygen module to complete the five element
combustion system (CHN/S/O)
– Introducing a dedicated liquid auto sampler controlled by the software
– Increased ability to handle macro sample
mass in N/CN modes with larger diameter
carousel positions and purge block
chamber along with large sample
foils and capsules
 Organic Elemental Combustion
Instrument Platform
The CHN628 Series will replace the TruSpec Series Instrument Platform
• Keeping the features and modularity of the TruSpec Series
• Delivering improvements to the instrument performance and reliability

• TruSpec™ Series • CHN628 Series

– CHN – CHN
– CN – CN
– N – FP (N)
– Sulfur module – Sulfur module
– Micro Oxygen module – Micro Oxygen module
 CHN628 Series
• The CHN628 Series instruments are not Cornerstone instruments

• The CHN628 series utilize

– LECO Genesis platform software
– LECO Eclipse hardware architecture (IR and TC cells, boards and cables)

• The CHN628 Series represents the fifth generation of LECO Organic Elemental
Combustion Instruments
– built upon the successful technology and approaches from the past
– bringing new improvements to the overall instrument’s reliability and
performance
 CHN628 Series
• The 628 Sulfur Module will follow with releases planned for the third quarter
2011

• The 628 Micro Oxygen Module will follow with releases planned for the fourth
quarter 2011

• Plan for initial lead times of CHN628 Series instruments to be at least 12 weeks
ARO

• TruSpec instrument configurations with TruSpec S modules will be available until

the 628 S module is released

• All macro TruSpec Series orders that do not include the

requirement of delivery with a sulfur module should be
converted to a CHN628 Series instrument order
 CHN628 Series Instrument Packages
• Three CHN628 Series instrument packages are available—
– FP628C FP628 (Nitrogen only) and PC
– CN628C CN628 (Carbon and Nitrogen) and PC
– CHN628C CHN628 (Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen) and PC
» PC ready packages (CR) also available
• AllCHN628 Series instrument packages contain:
– 628 determinator
– 30-position autoloader
– LECO 628 Windows-based Operating Software and registration key
– Standard operating supplies for instrument installation and initial
operation
• Package numbers ending in "C" contain—
– Dell PC Tower, keyboard and mouse with Dell ProSupport service
– 19" Flat Panel Monitor
• Package numbers ending in "CR" contain—
– No PC or monitor
 Primary Markets N/CN/CHN Determination
• Quantitative Analysis
– Nutritional labeling (protein) for foods and feeds
– Material characterization - education/research, commercial and
regulatory
– Soil/plant science

• Process and Quality Control

– Grade and value for feeds, fuels, chemicals
– Food, agricultural and fuel processing
• Milling applications (starch, flour, feeds, oilseeds)
• Fuel refining applications (coal, coke, crude oils)
• Chemical and Specialty materials processing (resins, adhesives,
etc)
 Techniques for Determining Nitrogen
• Kjeldahl, Combustion/Dumas, and NIR Methods
– Most common methods
– Determine nitrogen content in a sample to calculate protein content
• Nitrogen concentration is multiplied by a factor dependent on a
specific matrix (typically between 5.70 and 6.38) to calculate the
concentration of raw protein in the sample.
 Techniques for Determining Nitrogen

• Kjeldahl Nitrogen Determination

– Classical wet chemical digestion and titration-based method long used
(developed in 1883) and widely accepted; considered the primary
Nitrogen determination method
– Several hundred mg- to gram-sized sample is digested in
concentrated sulfuric acid with a catalyst; nitrogen is converted to
ammonium sulfate
– Concentrated sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added to form ammonia,
which is distilled into standard acid for quantification by titration
 Techniques for Determining Nitrogen

• Kjeldahl Nitrogen Determination

– Disadvantages
• Most effective Kjeldahl catalysts (containing mercury or selenium)
are not used due to environmental and health concerns
• CuSO4/TiO4 based Kjeldahl catalyst is typically utilized, resulting
in a lower Nitrogen recovery during digestion step and a low
Nitrogen bias
• Long analysis times (several hours)
• High cost-per-analysis
• Occupational health and safety issues
– Strong acid and base reagents – boiling reagents required
– Fume handling
– Waste disposal
• Requires analytically trained technician
 Techniques for Determining Nitrogen
• Near InfraRed (NIR) Nitrogen Determination
– Spectroscopic technique
• Prepared sample is presented to spectrometer for NIR scanning
• Measurements of complex absorption spectra taken from the
sample
• Protein estimate calculation from a complex multi-linear
regression of the absorption spectra
• Technique is considered a secondary protein determination
method and must use a primary protein method (Kjeldahl or
Combustion) to calibrate and check the complex calibration
against
• Significant calibration and calibration verification support

– Advantages
• Simple operation
• Low cost
• Fast
 Techniques for Determining Nitrogen
• Near InfraRed (NIR) Nitrogen Determination
– Disadvantages
• Complex calibration protocol that must continuously be verified
and supported against a primary protein method (Kjeldahl or
Combustion)
• Every matrix requires a dedicated calibration
• Calibration is extremely matrix dependent
– Calibration is extremely dependent on sample preparation
and presentation
– Sample grind and particle size
• Sample surface area, flat, or compact sample presentation
• Subtle changes in matrix influence calibration
• NIR performance on heterogeneous or sample mixtures are very
poor
• Lower overall precision and accuracy of NIR method compared to
Primary methods
 Techniques for Determining Carbon

• Two main carbon determination techniques utilized

– Wet Chemical
– Combustion

• Wet Chemical (Walkey Black and other variants)

– Dichromate and Acid oxidation
– Carbon determination
• Titration or colorimetric
– Measuring excess Cr2O7-2 and Cr+3
• Gravimetric or manometric
– Measuring evolved CO2
» CO2 Absorbent mass gain
» Pressure increase
 Techniques for Determining Carbon

• Wet Chemical Carbon Determination

– Disadvantages
• Incomplete oxidation of sample is common resulting in a lower
Carbon recovery (bias)
– Carbon correction factors (multipliers) for sample matrices
common
• Long analysis times (hours)
• High cost-per-analysis
• Occupational health and safety issues
– Work with acids, dichromate chemical, and glassware
– Fume handling
– Waste disposal
• Requires analytically trained technician
 Techniques for Determining CHN
• Dumas / Combustion Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen Determination
– Sample is combusted in an oxygen atmosphere at high temperature
– NOx and CO2 and H2O combustion gases are evolved and collected
– NOx gases quantitatively converted to N2 gas through subsequent
oxidation and reduction tubes
– Thermal Conductivity (TC) cell used for N2 gas detector
– CO2 and H2O gas can be detected with TC cell (after separation from
N2 gas) or infrared cell
– Other combustion products trapped or separated depending on
technique
– Combustion techniques
• Micro sample mass-derived whole gas approach
− Chromatographic combustion gas separation
− Purge and Trap combustion gas separation
• Macro sample mass derived
− Ballast and aliquot (LECO technique)
 LECO Combustion N/CN/CHN
Determination
• CHN628 Series — utilizes a vertical furnace
• Sample mass
– N 50mg up to ~750 mg
– CN 50mg up to ~500mg
– CHN 50mg up to ~250mg
• Vertical quartz furnace tube with a maximum temperature of 1050°C
• Tin capsules or foils used to encapsulate sample
• Reticulated crucible collects ash from sample and tin cap or foil
– Crucible lifetime sample matrix and elemental configuration dependent
(200-400 samples)
 LECO Macro Combustion N/CN
Determination
• TruMac CN—utilizes a horizontal furnace
• Sample mass
– N 50mg up to ~3g
– CN 50mg up to ~1g
• Ceramic furnace
– Designed for handling macro sample combustion
– Maximum Temperature of 1450°C
• Large reusable ceramic boats
– Facilitate macro sample handling
– Retain sample ash for post analysis removal
 LECO Combustion Organic Elemental
Determination
• Vertical and horizontal furnace designs utilize the LECO combustion
approach resulting in:
− Rapid analysis time (4-5 minutes)
− Extended reagent lifetimes and instrument uptime
− Low cost-per-analysis
− Ability to handle macro sample mass
CHN628 Series TruMac Series
N up to ~750mg N up to ~3g
CN up to ~500mg CN up to ~1g
CHN up to ~250mg
 CHN628 Series Theory of Operation
• A sample is weighed into a foil or capsule and loaded into autoloader
CHN628 Series Theory of Operation
• Sample is loaded into purge
chamber below loader removing
atmospheric gas from sample and
surroundings
• Sample introduced to furnace
CHN628 Series Theory of Operation
FP and CN configurations:
• Combustion gases are swept from
the furnace into the thermo electric
cooler
• Moisture efficiently removed
without the use of chemical
anhydrone
CHN628 Series Theory of Operation
• Combustion gas is swept through a
particle filter and onto the
combustion gas collection and
aliquot collection system
 CHN628 Series Theory of Operation
• Helium carrier gas is utilized to sweep the aliquot gas through two
independent IR cells for Carbon and Hydrogen Determination
 CHN628 Series Theory of Operation
• Aliquot gas is swept through a reduction reagent tube then passes
through Lecosorb and anhydrone reagent tube
 CHN628 Series Theory of Operation
• The aliquot gas passes through a thermal conductivity cell for nitrogen
detection
 CHN628 Series Specifications
• Instrument Range
– Carbon 0.02 mg to 175 mg Carbon
– Hydrogen 0.1 mg to 15 mg Hydrogen
– Nitrogen 0.04 mg to 50 mg Nitrogen

• Precision Range
– Carbon 0.01 mg Carbon or 0.5% RSD (whichever is greater)
– Hydrogen 0.05 mg Hydrogen or 1.0% RSD (whichever is greater)
– Nitrogen 0.02 mg Nitrogen or 0.5% RSD (whichever is greater)

• Analysis Time 4.5 minutes nominal

• Sample Mass
– CHN up to 250 mg, 100 mg nominal
– CN up to 500mg, 250mg nominal
– N (FP) up to 750mg, 500mg nominal
 CHN628 Series Specifications (cont.)
• Detection Technique
– Nitrogen Thermal Conductivity (TC Cell) Detector
– Carbon & Hydrogen Non-Dispersive Infrared (IR) Absorption

• Furnace Resistance Primary and Secondary up to 1050oC max

• Autoloader 30-position, expandable up to 120 position

• Electrical Power Requirements

– Instrument 230 V~, 50/60 Hz, single phase, 12A
Instrument Range Concentration Calcs

• Low end
% Conc = ((absolute low end element mass in mg)/(sample mass in
mg))*100

Ex. Nitrogen lower range using 500mg sample mass on a FP628

Low end = (0.04mg N / 500mg sample) * 100 = 0.08% or 80
ppm N

• High end
% Conc = ((absolute high end element mass in mg)/(sample mass in
mg))*100

Ex. Nitrogen upper range using 500mg sample mass on a FP628

High end = (50mg N / 500mg sample) *100 = 10% N
 Instrument Range Concentration Calcs
• CHN628 range:
– 100 mg sample mass
• Carbon ( 200ppm to 100%)
– Low end = (0.02 mg C / 100 mg sample) * 100 = 0.02% or
200 ppm C
– High end = (175 mg C / 100 mg sample) *100 = 100% C

• Hydrogen (0.1% to 15%)

– Low end = (0.1 mg H / 100 mg sample) * 100 = 0.1% or 1000
ppm H
– High end = (15 mg H / 100 mg sample) *100 = 15% H

• Nitrogen (400ppm to 50%)

– Low end = (0.04 mg N / 100 mg sample) * 100 = 0.04% or
400 ppm N
– High end = (50 mg N / 100 mg sample) *100 = 50% N
Instrument Range Concentration Calcs
• CN628 range:

– 250 mg sample mass

• Carbon ( 80ppm to 70%)

– Low end = (0.02 mg C / 250 mg sample) * 100 = 0.008% or
80 ppm C
– High end = (175 mg C / 250 mg sample) *100 = 70% C

• Nitrogen (160ppm to 20%)

– Low end = (0.04 mg N / 250 mg sample) * 100 = 0.016% or
160 ppm N
– High end = (50 mg N / 250 mg sample) *100 = 20% N
 Instrument Range Concentration Calc
• FP628 range:

– 500 mg sample mass

• Nitrogen (80ppm to 10%)

– Low end = (0.04 mg N / 500 mg sample) * 100 = 0.08% or
80 ppm N
– High end = (50 mg N / 500 mg sample) *100 = 10% N
 CHN628 Series Improvements
• Furnace Durability / Reliability
– Improved control programing
– Improved startup/shutdown programming
– Reduced the number and configuration thermocouples

• Resulting in an a simpler furnace with an improved longevity

 CHN628 Series Improvements
• Improved Hydrogen recovery
– Reduced unnecessary plumbing
– Eliminated unnecessary hardware (monitor cell)
– Added heat tracing of some plumbing paths
– Improved overall temperature of instrument cabinet

• Resulting in superior low level Hydrogen recovery

 CHN628 Series Improvements
• Improved doser valve design
– Machined stainless steel body
– Swage fittings machined into block lowering leak points
– Physical dead stop ensuring valve placement

• Resulting in superior nitrogen precision

 CHN628 Series Improvements
• Improved stability and overall Environmental Conditions Specifications
– Improved internal cabinet temperature control and stability
– Improved temperature control and stability of IR Cell oven
– Added a heated thermal conductivity Cell (TC cell)

• Resulting in
– Shortened stability times and less blanks/conditioners
– Improved stability in unstable room temperatures
– Instrument stability from 59 to 95 deg F
 CHN628 Series Improvements
• Improved accessibility and design of maintenance areas
– Removable ballast/PV assembly to ease access to routine maintence
areas
– Manufactured C-Flex Kit w/ Sealed unions and fittings easing routine
change outs and lengthen overall longevity of tubing assembly
 CHN628 Improvements
• Aesthetic changes
– Color change to a cool gray hue
– Modernized look with loader cover
– Accent color is now an oil rubbed bronze
 CHN628 Benefits
• Many features and benefits of the CHN628 Series will be reviewed in this
training presentation; some may not be of interest for your customer

– Every customer or market segment has specific requirements, needs,

and interests

– Communicate with the potential customer to understand their specific

requirements, needs, and interests

– Review this presentation and develop a selling strategy for the specific
customer or market segment that is at hand
 CHN628 Benefits
Clearly communicate the key focus areas of LECO combustion technique
advantages

• Rapid analysis time (4-5 minutes) and throughput

• Low cost-per-analysis

• Up-time & unattended analyses

• Ability to determine N/CN/CHN in macro samples of various organic

matrices under the same method and conditions
 CHN628 Benefits
• Analysis Time Throughput

– Analysis time
• LECO instruments are the fastest macro combustion instruments in
the market
• CHN628 Series analysis time is ~4.5 minutes
• Whole gas analysis techniques using Chromatographic separation
or purge and trap approached typically have 2 to 3 times longer
analysis time
• Competitive whole gas instruments analysis times are dependent
on element configuration and sample mass (more elements and or
sample mass = longer time…)
Samples/Hour
• CHN628 Series 14
• Competitor N model 8
• Competitor CN model 6
• Competitor CHN model 4
 CHN628 Benefits

• Low cost-per-analysis

– Exclusive use of Oxygen within Combustion Furnace results in:

• Ensures complete combustion and superior recovery of elements
• Speeds combustion
• Allows for use of macro sample mass
• Eliminates the need for other reagent oxidizers within combustion
system

– Ballast and Aliquot Combustion Gas Handling system

• Allows for the exclusive use of pure oxygen in the furnace
• Eliminates treating the whole combustion gas with carbon
scrubbers and reduction reagents
• Significantly extends lifetime of carbon scrubber and reduction
reagents
 CHN628 Benefits

CHN628 instruments do NOT use a Whole Gas Analysis (WGA) approach

– WGA requires ALL evolved combustion gases to be:

• Treated further in furnace by chemical and metal oxidizers
• Scrubbed using chemical reagents
• Reduced using metal reducing reagents

– WGA results in:

• High reagent use and cost to the user
• User changing and repacking reagent tubes more often
– Tedious; requires operator time and cost to the end user
– Instrument is down for routine maintenance more often
– Greater operator exposure to chemical reagents increasing
safety risk
 CHN628 Benefits

• Up-time & unattended analyses

– Rugged 30 position low maintenance autoloader with ability to

increase capacity by 60, 90 up to 120 position for reliable unattended
analysis

– Low maintenance stainless steel thermo electric cooler eliminates the

need for anhydrone reagents and efficiently removes unwanted acidic
gases (sulfur and halogens) as well as water vapor from the
combustion gas (N(FP)/CN models)

– Ballast and aliquot system decreases consumable usage

• Less downtime for reagent replacement
• Reduction and scrubber reagents last up to 500 samples
• Low operator exposure to chemical reagents
• Low cost of operation
 CHN628 Benefits

• Ability to determine carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen in macro samples of

various organic matrices under the same method and conditions
• Organic macro samples combusted without significantly affecting:
– Method combustion conditions (key to analytical performance)
– Cost and time-per-analysis remain constant
• Multiple methods and calibrations are not required to compensate for
poor combustion conditions
• Allows system to analyze a wide variety of organic samples with better
precision and accuracy under one method and calibration
– Flour
– Soils
– Feeds
– Chemicals
– Etc.
 CHN628 Series Software
• LECO Windows®-based operating
software
– Seamless management of data and
detector plots
– Integrated control charts and
statistical calculations
 CHN628 Series Software

• LECO Windows-based operating

software
– Monitor real-time internal
component readings

– Expanded interactive diagnostic

screens aiding
• Troubleshooting
• Improve serviceability
 CHN628 Series Software
• LECO Windows-based operating software
– Simplified data handling with convenient storage and customizable
reporting and data exporting capabilities
– User definable fields for automatic calculations
– Compatible with various Laboratory Information Management Systems
(LIMS)
 CHN628 Series Software
• LECO Windows-based operating software
– Perform, Manage, and Drift instrument method calibrations
 CHN628 Calibration
Wide Dynamic Range Calibration
– ~10 mg to ~350 mg EDTA
• 4.1 to 144 mg C
• 1.0 to 33.5 mg N
• Linear curve type
– ~10mg to ~200mg EDTA
• 0.6 to 11.1 mg H
• Single Std curve type
 CHN628 Blanks
• Low Consistent Blank
– ~1 ppm Carbon Std Dev
– ~6 ppm Hydrogen Std Dev
– ~2 ppm Nitrogen Std Dev
 CHN628 Data
• Pure Chemical Sample Data
– ~100 mg sample mass
– EDTA Calibration
 CHN628 Data
• 502-681 Coal RM Sample Data
– ~85 mg sample mass
– EDTA Calibration
– Cert values:
• 78.4 +/- 0.9 % C
• 4.98 +/- 0.14 % H
• 1.46 +/- 0.08 % N
 CHN628 Data
• 502-684 Pet Coke RM Sample Data
– ~85 mg sample mass
– EDTA Calibration
– Cert values:
• 87.8 +/- 1.7 % C
• 3.66 +/- 0.42 % H
• 1.48 +/- 0.24% N
 CHN628 Data
• Outgased Graphite Sample Data
– ~55 mg sample mass
– EDTA Calibration
 CN628 Data
502-055 Orchard Leaves Sample Data
– ~250 mg sample mass
– EDTA Calibration
– Cert values:
• 50.5 +/- 0.2 % C
• 2.25 +/- 0.02 % N
 CN628 Data
502-308 Soil Sample Data
– ~250 mg sample mass
– EDTA Calibration
– Cert values:
• 2.34 +/- 0.05 % C
• 0.185 +/- 0.015 % N
 CN628 Data
502-630 Carbonate Sample Data
– ~250 mg sample mass
– Cert values:
• 0.53 +/- 0.01 % C
 FP628 Data
502-563 Corn Flour Sample Data
– ~250 mg sample mass
– EDTA Calibration
– Cert values:
• 1.46 +/- 0.02 % N
 FP628 Data
Ammonium Sulfate Sample Data
– ~50 mg sample mass
– EDTA Calibration
– Theoretical value:
• 21.2 % N
 FP628 Data
Glycine Solution Sample Data
– ~300 mg sample mass
– EDTA Calibration
– Expected value:
• 0.1 % N
 Additional LECO Selling Strategies
• LECO support and value after the sale
– Service and support related benefits
• Superior service group dedicated to serving the customer
• Smartline remote service and diagnostic link
• Free Technical service phone support
• Preventative Maintenance Agreements (PMAs)
– Application support focused on obtaining customers optimal
performance
– Consumable related benefits
• Consumables quality verified and guaranteed
• Variety of standards available
• Reference Materials (RM)
• Set-up Standards
 CHN628 Series
Elemental Analysis by Combustion
Unparalleled Capabilities
 Additional Information Available
• Located in the CHN628 Series Launch CD and FTP site
– CHN628 Customer-Focused Presentation
– CN628 Customer-Focused Presentation
– FP628 Customer-Focused Presentation
– Combustion Nitrogen Determinator Competitive Review
 For More Information

Contact LECO at:

World Headquarters/United States

In United States: 800-292-6141 or 269-985-5496
Outside U.S.A.: 269-983-5531

Email: [email protected]
www.leco.com