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Primary Health Care: Prepared By: Ezra Angeli C. Joaquin, RN

Primary health care (PHC) aims to make essential care universally accessible through community participation. It was established in 1978 with a goal of health for all by 2000. PHC in the Philippines is based on empowering communities to manage their own healthcare. Key principles include accessibility, community participation, and self-reliance. PHC involves grassroots health workers, disease prevention and control, and a referral system from primary to tertiary levels of care facilities.

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118 views

Primary Health Care: Prepared By: Ezra Angeli C. Joaquin, RN

Primary health care (PHC) aims to make essential care universally accessible through community participation. It was established in 1978 with a goal of health for all by 2000. PHC in the Philippines is based on empowering communities to manage their own healthcare. Key principles include accessibility, community participation, and self-reliance. PHC involves grassroots health workers, disease prevention and control, and a referral system from primary to tertiary levels of care facilities.

Uploaded by

RaRe TV
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Primary

Health Care
Prepared by: EZRA ANGELI C. JOAQUIN, RN
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
World Health Organization (WHO) defines PHC as an essential
care made universally accessible to individuals and families in
the community by means acceptable to them through their
full participation and at a cost that the community and
country can afford at every stage of development.
Background
Primary Health Care (PHC) was declared during the First
International Conference on Primary Health Care held in
Alma Ata, Russia on September 6-12, 1978 by the World
Health Organization (WHO). The goal was “ Health for All by
the Year 2000 ”. This was adopted in the Philippines through

Legal basis: Letter of Instruction 949 signed by President


Marcos on October 19, 1979 and has an underlying theme of
“ Health in the Hands of the People by 2020 .”
Mission:
To strengthen the health care system by increasing
opportunities and supporting the conditions wherein people
will manage their own health care.

Concept:
Partnership and empowerment of the people towards the
development of Self -Reliance
Elements/ Components of PHC
✓ Education for Health
✓ Locally endemic diseases control
✓ EPI
✓ Maternal & Child Health & Family Planning.
✓ Mental Health
✓ Essential Drugs
✓ Nutrition
✓ Treatment of CD and NCD
✓ Safe water/ Environmental sanitation
KEY PRINCIPLES OF PHC
✓Accessibility, Availability, Affordability & Acceptability of health services

✓Community Participation
✓People are the center, object and subject of development
✓Self-reliance
✓Partnership between the community and the health agencies in the
provision of quality of life.
✓Recognition of interrelationship between the health and development
✓Social Mobilization
✓Decentralization
FOUR CORNERSTONES/ PILLARS IN PHC:
1. Community Participation
2. Inter- sectoral coordination
3. Appropriate Technology

4. Support mechanism made available


Types of PHC
Workers
1. Grassroots/ Village or Barangay Health Workers
(V/BHWs)- refers to trained community health workers of
health auxiliary volunteer or a traditional birth attendant or
healer.
2. Intermediate level health workers- general medicine
practitioners or their assistants. PHN, Rural Sanitary
Inspectors and Midwives may compose these groups.
Levels of
Prevention
1. Primary Prevention- relates to activities directed at preventing
a problem before it occurs by altering susceptibility or reducing
exposure for susceptible individuals.
Examples: Quit smoking, avoid/ limit alcohol intake,
exercise regularly, complete immunization
2. Secondary Prevention- refers to early detection and prompt
intervention during the period of early disease pathogenesis.
Examples: annual PE, regular Pap’s test for women, sputum
examination for TB.
3. Tertiary Prevention- targets populations that have experienced
disease or injury and focuses on limitation of disability and
rehabilitation.
Example: self- monitoring of blood glucose among diabetics,
physical therapy after CVA (stroke), undergoing speech therapy
after laryngectomy.
Levels of
Healthcare and
Referral System
1. Primary Level of Care
• Devolved to cities and municipalities
• Usually the first contact between the community members and other
levels of the health facility.
• Center physicians, public health nurses, rural health midwives,
traditional healers.
2. Secondary Level of Care
• Given by physicians with basic health training.
• Usually given in health facilities either privately owned or government-
operated.
• Infirmaries, municipal, district hospital, out-patient departments.
• Rendered by specialists in health facilities.
3. Tertiary Level of Care
• Referral system for the secondary care facilities.
• Provided complicated cases and intensive care.
• Medical centers, regional and provincial hospitals, and specialized hospitals.
Levels of Health
Care Services
1. Primary Level Facilities
-Health services offered to individuals with fair health & to clients with diseases in
early symptomatic stages. Include RHU, Community Hospitals, Health Centers,
Private Practitioners, Puericulture Center, Brgy. Health Stations.
2. Secondary Level Facilities
- Offer services to clients with symptomatic stages of disease which require
moderately specialized knowledge & technical resources for adequate treatment.
Include emergency/ district hospitals, Provincial/ City Health services & facilities
3. Tertiary Level Facilities:
-Include highly technological and sophisticated services offered by medical centers
and large hospital. These are specialized hospitals/ institution. National & regional
Health Services, Medical Centers, Teaching & Training Hospitals
National
&Regional Health
Services/ Medical
Centers/ Training
Hospitals

Provincial/ City Health


Services & Hospitals/
District/ Emergency
Hospitals

Rural Health Units/ Barangay Health


Stations/ Community Hospitals and
Health Centers/ Private
Practitioners/ Puericulture Centers
THANK
YOU!
Do you have any questions?
References

● Public Health Nursing in the Philippines, National League


of Phillipine Government Nurses
● Nursing Care of the Community, Zenaida U. Famorca,
Mary A. Nies, Melanie McEwen
● Nursing Practice in the Community, Araceli S. Maglaya

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