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Match The Following:: Chapter 26 Assignment Name

The document contains a chapter assignment on fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance with multiple choice and true/false questions to match clinical terms and concepts. It tests knowledge of electrolyte composition in different body fluids, conditions related to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and mechanisms involved in acid-base regulation.

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naima peters
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61 views

Match The Following:: Chapter 26 Assignment Name

The document contains a chapter assignment on fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance with multiple choice and true/false questions to match clinical terms and concepts. It tests knowledge of electrolyte composition in different body fluids, conditions related to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and mechanisms involved in acid-base regulation.

Uploaded by

naima peters
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 26 Assignment Name_________________________

Match the following:

A) Nonelectrolytes
B) Extracellular
C) Interstitial
D) Intracellular
E) Electrolytes

1) Dissociate in water.
2) Do not dissociate.
3) The fluid compartments outside the cell.
4) Fluid compartments located within the cell.
5) Spaces between cells.

Match the following:

A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypocalcemia
C) Hypermagnesemia
D) Hypernatremia
E) Hyponatremia

6) Magnesium excess.
7) Calcium depletion.
8) Sodium excess.
9) Potassium excess
10) Sodium depletion.

Match the following:

A) Aldosterone
B) Hyponatremia
C) Addison's disease
D) Edema
E) Hypoproteinemia

11) An atypical accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space.


12) A condition of unusually low levels of plasma proteins resulting in tissue edema.
13) A disorder entailing deficient mineralocorticoid hormone production by the adrenal
cortex.
14) Regulates sodium ion concentrations in the extracellular fluid.
15) A condition due to excessive water intake that results in net osmosis into tissue cells.
This leads to severe metabolic disturbances.
Match the electrolyte composition for the following:

A) intracellular fluid
B) interstitial fluid
C) blood plasma

16) Sodium ions are highest in ________.


17) Potassium ions are highest in ________.
18) Phosphate ions are highest in ________.
19) Bicarbonate ions are highest in ________.
20) Proteins are highest in ________.

Match the following:

A) Respiratory acidosis
B) Metabolic acidosis
C) Respiratory alkalosis
D) Metabolic alkalosis

21) Possibly caused by severe diarrhea or untreated diabetes mellitus


22) Possibly occurring with emphysema, extreme obesity, or narcotic overdose
23) Possibly caused by asthma, pneumonia, or a severe panic attack
24) Possibly caused by vomiting, use of diuretics, or use of antacids

Answer the following as True or False

_____25) Adipose tissue is one of the most hydrated of all tissues in the human body.
_____26) The most abundant cation in intracellular fluid is sodium.
_____27) Electrolytes determine most of the chemical and physical reactions of body
fluids.
_____28) Solutes, regardless of size, are able to move freely between compartments
because water carries them along the osmotic gradients.
_____29) The thirst center in the brain is located in the hypothalamus.
_____30) Dehydration can be caused by endocrine disturbances such as diabetes mellitus
or diabetes insipidus.
_____31) It is impossible to overhydrate because people need as much water as they can
drink to carry out ordinary body functions.
_____32) Water imbalance, in which output exceeds intake, causing an imbalance in
body fluids, is termed dehydration.
_____33) Salts are lost from the body in perspiration, and urine only.
_____34) Hypoproteinemia reflects a condition of unusually high levels of plasma
proteins and causes tissue edema.
_____35) Blood acidity results in depression of the CNS, whereas blood alkalosis results
in overexcitement of the CNS.
_____36) Carotid artery and aortic baroreceptors are involved in long term adjustment to
total body sodium ion content.
_____37) The phosphate buffer system is relatively unimportant for buffering blood
plasma.
_____38) The single most important blood buffer system is the bicarbonate buffer
system.

Choose the best answer for the following

39) The body's water volume is closely tied to the level of which of the following ions?
A) calcium ions
B) potassium ions
C) hydrogen ions
D) sodium ions

40) Hypoproteinemia is a condition of unusually low levels of plasma proteins. This


problem is often characterized by ________.
A) tissue edema
B) extreme weight loss
C) confusion
D) nerve damage

41) Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that is made in the atria of the heart. The
influence of this hormone is to ________.
A) enhance atrial contractions
B) activate the renin-angiotensin mechanism
C) prevent pH changes caused by organic acids
D) reduce blood pressure and blood volume by inhibiting sodium and water retention

42) Which of the following describes the distribution of sodium and potassium between
cells and body fluids?
A) K+ mainly in the cells, Na+ in the body fluids
B) Na+ mainly in the cells, K+ in the body fluids
C) equal amounts of each ion in the cells and body fluids
D) little of either in the cells, but large amounts of each in the body fluids

43) Problems with fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance are particularly common in
infants because of their ________.
A) inefficient kidneys
B) comparatively low metabolic rates
C) low rate of insensible water loss
D) low daily rate of fluid exchange
44) Blood analysis indicates a low pH, and the patient is breathing rapidly. Given your
knowledge of acid-base balance, which of the following is most likely?
A) respiratory acidosis
B) metabolic acidosis
C) metabolic alkalosis
D) respiratory alkalosis

45) Annie has just eaten a large order of heavily salted French fries, some pickled eggs,
and some cheese. How will consuming this much salt affect her physiology?
A) It will cause a prolonged increase in the osmolality of the blood.
B) There will be a temporary increase in blood volume.
C) She will experience hypotension.
D) There will be a shift in the pH of her body fluids to the higher side of the pH scale.

Answer the following:

46) What provides the shortest-term mechanism for preventing acid-base imbalances in
the body? The longest-term mechanism?

47) A patient is admitted to the hospital in complete collapse. His blood pH is 6.8, and his
HCO3- is 20 mEq/L. What diagnosis would you give and what prognosis? A medical
history reveals that this patient is a chronic alcoholic.

I give my word to Dr. Franklin that I did not consult with any persons in this class or
outside of this class regarding my answers to the preceding questions. I earned and
deserve the grade I receive for this assignment.

_____________________________
Signature

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