Scribd
Upload
93 views19 pages

Welding - Introduction (Menas Wibowo)

This document provides an introduction to welding, including definitions of key welding terms and configurations. It describes the most common types of welding used in construction, focusing on arc welding processes like TIG, MIG, flux-cored arc welding, and stick welding. The document also discusses welding procedure specifications (WPS) and procedure qualification records (PQR), explaining that a preliminary WPS must be tested through a PQR to become a validated WPS. Typical PQR tests include visual inspection, non-destructive testing, and mechanical tests of tensile strength, hardness, and impact resistance.

Uploaded by

moch ardiansyah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
93 views19 pages

Welding - Introduction (Menas Wibowo)

This document provides an introduction to welding, including definitions of key welding terms and configurations. It describes the most common types of welding used in construction, focusing on arc welding processes like TIG, MIG, flux-cored arc welding, and stick welding. The document also discusses welding procedure specifications (WPS) and procedure qualification records (PQR), explaining that a preliminary WPS must be tested through a PQR to become a validated WPS. Typical PQR tests include visual inspection, non-destructive testing, and mechanical tests of tensile strength, hardness, and impact resistance.

Uploaded by

moch ardiansyah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Welding - Introduction

Menas Wibowo – Aug 2021


Content
• What is welding ?
• Basic weld configuration and weld terminologies
• Common types of welding in construction
• WPS and PQR
What is Welding ?
• Welding – joining method by melting base materials (with or without filler)
• Brazing – joining method by melting a filler that bonds the base material
• Soldering – similar to brazing but temp < 450 ºC
Configuration of weld
• Two common geometries: groove or butt weld and fillet weld
• Zones : parent / unaffected material (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ),
weld metal (WM)
Some weld terminologies

Double sided welds


Common types of welding in construction
Most common welding in construction is arc welding; and the
• GTAW / TIG – Gast Tungsten Arc Welding / Tungsten Inert Gas
• GMAW / MIG / MAG – Gas Metal Arc Welding / Metal Inert Gas / Metal Active Gas
• FCAW – Flux Cored Arc Welding
• SMAW/MMAW – Shielded Metal Arc Welding / Manual Metal Arc Welding

Less common:
• SAW (Submerged Arc Welding)
• PAW (Plasma Arc welding)
GTAW / TIG
• Stable and clean process
• Low heat input
• Used for root pass
• Non-melting electrode (tungsten)
GMAW / MIG/MAG
• High deposition rate
• Few stop/starts
• Not all position
• Spatter
SMAW / MMA
• Most common and basic welding process
• Simple, cheap and robust process
• Slag removal, requires highly skilled welders, start/stop and grinding
FCAW
Welding proses apakah ini ?
A B

D
What is WPS and WPQR
• WPS stands for Welding Procedure Specification
• (W)PQR stands for (Welding) Procedure Qualification Records

• WQT = Welder qualification test


• WPQ = Welder performance qualifications
Typical Testing for PQR
• Visual – incl weld dimensions
• NDT
• Mechanical testing (tensile, bend, hardness, impact)
• Corrosion testing (optional – for SS)
Process of creating WPS
Process starts with Preliminary WPS (pWPS) - then performing the test (PQR), and if all pass –
pWPS becomes WPS

pWPS PQR WPS

To review WPS – you need to have the supporting PQR


Checklist:
- Who is going to weld it ? Contractor (matching with PQR submitted)
- What are the reference / governing codes ? ASME, AWS, ISO, API
- What items/equipments and what is the size ? Piping / pipeline / tank /
- What materials do they want to weld ? CS, SS, strength and grade – material group
- Which welding process ? And welding parameters ? Welding direction, bevel configuration,
consumable, preheat, etc
PQR Testing
• Tensile
• Hardness
• Impact

You might also like