Winding: 2.2 Classification of Winding Principles
Winding: 2.2 Classification of Winding Principles
formation
2. Winding
2.2 Classification of Winding Principles
Primarily there are two types of winding principles as given below.
Drumdriven or random winders
Spindledriven or precision winders
In drumdriven wider, the package is driven by a cylinder by surface or frictional contact as shown in Figure 2.5. Traverse of
yarn is given either by the grooves cut on the drum as shown at the bottom of Figure 2.5 or by a reciprocating guide. In case
of grooved drum, the drum performs the dual functions of rotating the package by surface contact and performing the traverse
(Figure 2.6a). However, when plain drums are used, it just rotates the package and traverse is performed by reciprocating
guide (Figure 2.6b).
Figure 2.5: Drumdriven winder and grooved drum
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Figure 2.6: Types of drumdriven winder (a: grooved drum, b: plain drum)
In spindledriven winder, the package is mounted on a spindle which is driven positively by a gear system. If the r.p.m. of the
spindle is constant then the surface speed of the package will increase with the increase in package diameter. Therefore,
principle wise there could be two types of spindledriven winders (Figure 2.7).
Constant r.p.m. spindle winders
Variable r.p.m. spindle winders
In case of the latter, the spindle r.p.m. is reduced with the increase in package diameter in such a manner that the winding
speed remains constant.
Spindledriven winders are also known as precision winders as a precise ratio is maintained between the r.p.m. of spindle and
r.p.m. of traversing mechanism. This leads to maintaining a precise distance between adjacent coils, termed Gain of Wind. The
precision winders thus permit precise laying of coils on package and hence its name . Precision winders ensure a constant value
of traverse ratio during package building. Precision winders are preferred for winding delicate yarns as the package is not rotated
by the surface contact and therefore the possibility of yarn damage due to abrasion is lower as compacted to that of surface
driven winders
Figure 2.7: Spindledriven winders
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Drumdriven Winders
Let us consider that the diameters of the driving drum and package are D and d respectively (Figure 2.8). The r.p.m. of drum
and package are N and n respectively. D is constant whereas d increases with time due to the building of the package (formation
of layers of coils). If there is no slippage between the drum and the package then the surface speed of drum and package will
always be same. So, N×D = n×d. The drum r.p.m. N is constant as it getting drive from gear systems and thus n reduces with
time.
Figure 2.8: Principles of drumdriven winder
As the drum r.p.m. N is constant, for drumdriven winder, traverse speed and surface speed are also constant. Therefore it gives
constant angle of wind and winding speed.
Let, L is the length of the drum and package.
So, in drumdriven winder, angle of wind remains constant with the increase in package diameter.
Now, if the package r.p.m. is n, same (n) number of coils (wind) will be laid on the package in every minute. Because, one
revolution of package creates one coil or wind on the package.
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So, in drumdriven winder, traverse ratio reduces with the increase in package diameter.
As S and D are constant for a given drum, the traverse ratio decreases as the package diameter (d) increases (Figure 2.9). This
leads to a ‘patterning’ problem in case of drumdriven winder.
Figure 2.9: Package diameter vs traverse/ wind ratio
It is evident from the above expression that the winding speed remains constant during package building in case
of drumdriven winder.
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