Region 13

CARAGA REGION
 Surigao del Norte

“Surfing Capital of the Philippines”

 >> Geographical Location

• Surigao del Norte is located at the

northeastern part of Mindanao. It is
bounded to the north and east by the
Pacific Ocean, on the south by the
provinces of Agusan del Norte and
Surigao del Sur, and on the west by
the Surigao Strait.

• It has a total land area of 201,710

hectares. And a total populationof
442,588 as of 2010.

• Surigao City its capital is dubbed as

“the Gateway to Mindanao.”

• Belongs to 2nd income class

provinces.
 >> Climate

•The province falls under climate

type II characterized by no
pronounced dry season but with a
very pronounced maximum
rainfall period from November to
January. Temperature ranges
from a low of 23.60oC in January
to a high 32.5oC in May and July.
 >> Natural Resources

Land Resources

• Vast Agricultural Lands

• Thick Forests.
 >> Natural Resources

Water Resources

• White sand beaches

• Lagoons

• Majestic Falls
 >> Natural Resources

Mineral Resources

• Largest Nickel
Reserves in the
country.

• Gold Mining.
 >> Historical Background

• Surigao del Norte was once a part of an old territory that

existed in Northeastern Mindanao called "Caraga" named after the
people called "Calagans" who were believed to be of Visayan origin. They were
the inhabitants of the province that time.

• In 1538, Francisco de Castro, a Portuguese-born Spaniard in the expedition from

Ternate in search of Loaisa, landed on what presently is Surigao del Norte
province.

• Historically, the early Spanish settlements were established in Tandag. It was on

February 1, 1752, a year after the town of Siargao (Numancia) was burned by
the Moros (Muslim Pirates), when the Recollects residence was transferred to
Surigao.

• It was on June 19,1960, through Republic Act 2786 that

Surigao was divided into two provinces : Surigao del Norte and Surigao del
Sur.
 >> Customs & Traditions

Burial Customs
- The dead were either laid on a platform built beside a tree,
or wrapped in a mat and bamboo slats and hung up a tree. After the
funeral, the relatives of the deceased abandon their dwellings and
clearing.
- A widowed husband usually lies beside his deceased wife
while relatives and friends sit around them.
 >> Customs and Traditions

Religious practices

-The Mamanwa tribe believed in the existence of Tahawan, the

indigenous religion is derived from the word “Tahaw” which literary means
supreme being or god. In fact this Tahawan ritual in which they would
give thanks and make merry. They are still practicing this ceremony
which is an indigenous manner of worship, thanksgiving and cheery
making.

- They are also a firm believer of the folk healing ritual of the
tribe’s Baylan or Tambalon (Shaman).
 >>Customs and Traditions

FESTIVALS

Bonok-bonok Festival is the

local festival held in the city of
Surigao. This is a ritual dance
which originated from the
Mamanwas, the early settlers
of Surigao. The rhythm usually
starts with a slow beat and
gradually gets faster, causing
the dancers to work at pace
with the music.
 >> Population

• Surigao del Norte is home to

the Mamanwa ethnic tribe.
 >> Economic Activities

AGRICULTURE,
FIISHERY & FORESTRY
 >> Tourist Spots

Suhoton Cave, Buca’s Grande

This enchanting cave is

half- submerged in
water most of the time
and is accessible only
during low tides, inside
is a lagoon with
countless islets and
crystal waters that
sparkle with the bright
reflection of the sea.
 >> Tourist Spots

Lumondo Waterfalls and Eco-Park

This natural park nestled at

Brgy. Budlingin, Municipality of
Alegria is just 2 kilometers from
the Poblacion. One will be
awed by the huge volume of
water cascading into a 45 meter
granite precipice a majestic
panorama which can be viewed
from a misty mountain trail.
 >> Tourist Spots

Magpupungko Rock Formation, Pilar

A most refreshing natural

lagoon, sorrounded by
limestone and granite
sculptures facing the Pacific
Ocean, Its pockmarked
limestone floor reveal pools of
assorted shapes and sizes
resembling basins, barrels,
tubs and ponds during low
tides.
 >> INSIGHTS

I learned that I realized that we should I intend to teach to my

Surigaonons have have to preserve our native future students of the
given great respect and ancestors and the belief importance and value
value to their ancestors and tradition that we of our natives and how
and to their teachings. received from them so that it gives identity to each
They value the cultures we will not lose our identity of the Filipino. I will
and traditions that are of being a Filipino. Even if also teach them of the
passed on to them by we say that the native in rich culture that they
their native people and which we came from are left us, and how we
they preserve that small, black skinned, curly can preserve it.
traditions by doing it haired, and etc., we should
themselves until the still be proud of them for
present. they have given us rich
culture.
 Surigao del Sur

“The Dream Holiday Getaway”

 **Geographical Location

• Located at the Northeastern coast of

Mindanao, facing the Pacific Ocean.

•Bounded on the Northwest by the

Province of Surigao del Norte, on the
Southeast by Davao Oriental, on its
Eastern side by the Pacific Ocean, and
on the West and Southwest by the
Provinces of Agusan del Norte and
Agusan del Sur.

• Tandag city is the capital city.

• The Land Area of the province is

523,050 hectares or 5,230.50 sq.
kilometers. And a total population of
505, 942 as of 2007.

• Income Class: 1st class

 ** Climate

The province falls under Type II of

climate in the Philippines
characterized by rainfall distributed
throughout the year, although there
is a distinct rainy season which
begins from the month of
November and ends in March.
 ** Natural Resources

Land Resources

• areas are suitable to

planting tree and vines.

• cultivating of crops.

• forestry
 ** Natural Resources

Water Resources

• river basins as source of

irrigation.

• lagoons & falls.

• fronting Pacific Ocean.

 ** Natural Resources

Mineral Resources

• metallic minerals such as

copper, gold, chromite,
cobalt, nickel and lead zinc.
Non-metals include feldspar,
coal and limestones.

• large &small scale minings.

 *** Historical Background

• Before the Spaniards came, the aborigines of the province were the Mamanua and
Manobo. Later, our Malay brothers from the Visayas came to settle with the natives.
It was with the arrival of the immigrants that the province acquired its name from
one of the natives, Saliagao, who lived near the mouth of the river. The name
Saliagao was later pronounced Surigao by the inhabitants.

• Surigao formerly, was extended from what is known as Agusan, including the
islands east of it and the northern regions of Davao and the capital of the province
that time was Caraga and so the Spaniards called the people Caragas.

• The Province of Surigao del Sur was created as the 56th Philippine province on
June 19, 1960 by virtue of RA 2786 and was formally organized or separated from
its mother province, Surigao del Norte, on September 18, 1960.
 **Customs and Traditions

• Like Surigao del Norte, the Mamanwa tribe (also called as the Lumads)
are the dominating tribe in Surigao del Sur.

• The Mamanwa’s believed in anitos, babaylan (healer) and the “Tahaw” or

the Supreme being. Tahawan is the ritual.

• The ceremony of merry-making are still practiced until nowadays.

 ** Customs & Traditions

FESTIVALS

• Kaliguan Festival (June 21-25)

Cagwait, Surigao del Sur

A yearly festivity in honor of St.

John the Baptist highlighted by
search for Perlas ng Kaliguan
beauty pageant and beach
dancing.
 ** Population
Mamanwa’s (Lumad)
• One of the oldest and still extant
tribes in the Philippines is the
Mamanwa tribe, who bear a striking
physical resemblance to the
Negritos. Their other name is
Mamanwa Negritos and are believed
to be descendants of the original
settlers of the Philippines.

• The Mamanwan dialect is bordered

on the north and east by Suriganon;
on the west by a mixed vernacular of
Surigaonon and Cebuano; on the
southwest by Butuanon; and on the
southeast by Bislig Kamayo.
 ** Economic Activites

AGRICULTURE,
FORESTRY & FISHERY
 ** Tourist Spots

Enchanted River, Hinatuan

The Hinatuan Enchanted River

is a complex body of water that
can either be a lagoon, a spring,
and a river. It is a tidal
estuary where its water source
is coming from underground on
the west during low tide and
coming from the east from the
Philippine Sea at high tide.
 ** Tourist Spots

Tinuy-an Falls, Bislig City

The falls are 95 m wide and 55

metres (180 ft) high, touted as the
Niagara Falls of the Philippines.
Tinuy-an is a white water curtain
that flows in three levels and is said
to be the widest waterfall in the
Philippines. Every morning, the area
shows a rainbow between 9 a.m. to
11 a.m.
 ** Tourist Spots

Ayoke Island in Cantilan

Isolated from mainland Surigao in

Mindanao and right at the edge of
the Pacific Ocean, Ayoke is an oracle
for the soul-searching nomad or a
playground for the restlessness of
youth. Depending on one's
persuasion, Ayoke Island is an
adventure button waiting to be
pressed.
 >> INSIGHTS

I learned that Surigao del I realized that our activities I intend to make a
Sur had a once thickly affects everything around change for our
forested land and most us and one of which is the surroundings. Start
of them remained miners quarrying and the with small and step by
untouched. But since the deforestation of the forest. step ideas on how to
abusive hands and We might have in our lessen the habit that
minds of the humans minds now that it will not could certainly affect
dicovered the bountiful have great effect to us. But our environment. And
forests and minerals in life turn like a boomerang, also I will be of good
the vast stretch of the effect might be greater example to everyone
mountains, those forests than what we have and start in
are in danger of fading. expected of the typhoon maintaining our
Yolanda and it can happen environments
anytime if we don’t take cleanliness.
care of our surroundings.
Dinagat Island
“TheMystical Island
Province of Love”
 ^^ Geographical Location

• The Dinagat Islands is a group of

islands constituting a province in
the Philippines, located on the south
side of Leyte Gulf. The island
of Leyte is to its west, across Surigao
Strait, and Mindanao is to its south.

• It has a total land area of 1,036.34

km2
• Population is 126,803 as of 2010.

• Divide into 7 municipalities with San

Jose as its capital.

• Income class: 3rd

 ^^ Climate

The climate of the province is characterized by no pronounced

dry season but with a very pronounced maximum rainfall period
from November to January.
 ^^ Natural Resources

Land Resources

• Thick Forest
• Livestock raising
 ^^ Natural Resources

Water Resources

• Crystal clear beaches

• Rich in marine species
 ^^ Natural Resources

Mineral Resources

• Metallic and non-metallic resources

•Abundance of chromite
 ^^ Historical Background

• Although one of the newest provinces of the country, settlements in

Dinagat Islands were already present during the Spanish regime as a result
of migration of people from nearby provinces of Bohol and Leyte.

• Adding to the historical significance of the province is the foundation of

the Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association by Ruben Ecleo, Sr.

• The municipality of Dinagat is the oldest community in the province.

• The province was the site of the historic Battle of Surigao Strait during the
Second World War. The Municipality of Loreto became the entry point of the
American Liberation Forces on October 17, 1944. It was on this shore that
the 6th Ranger Battalion of the 6th U.S. Army under Col. Mucci landed at
Sitio Campinta of Barangay Panamaon, Loreto. It was during this landing
that the first American flag flew on Philippine soil. They named the place
"Black Beach No. 2."
 ^^ Customs and Traditions

Dinagat Islands is rich in structures, buildings and landmarks that are

remnants of a once affluen tlifestyle. Most notably of which are the
Galeto Ancestral Home in Tubajon and the Divine Master Shrine in San
Jose, built by the benevolence and volunteerism of the members of the
famous believers of Ruben E. Ecleo, Sr., the PBMA, Inc. (Philippine
Benevolent Missionaries Association, Inc) members who are dominants
in the province.
 ^^ Customs and Traditions

FESTIVAL:

Bugkosan sa Isla: Dinagatan Festival

Bugkosan" originated from the word

"pagbugkos" means to bind,
"paghiusa" to unite, "paghugpong"
to merge, "pagbug-os" to
incorporate and "pagtibu" to
convene. It depicts unity and
cooperation among all Dinagatnons
and promotes the province tourism
potentialities.
 ^^ Population

•The “lumads” or the dominant settlers of the province were called

“Dinagatnons”

•Dinagat Islands is predominantly a Cebuano-speaking province. However,

towns facing the Surigao del Norte are Surigaonon-speaking particularly the
municipalities of Dinagat and Cagdianao due to their proximity to the province
of Surigao del Norte. Influences of the Cebuano and Boholano languages with
a Tausug accent can be traced. A majority are able to speak English.
 ^^ Economic Activities

Livestock raising, Agriculture

& Fishery
 ^^ Tourist Spots

Basilisa and Libjo Islands - Lake Bababu

The lake got its name from the

Bisaya phrase 'Baba ng Buaya"
which means 'mouth of
crocodile'. Whether this name
came from a crocodile mouth-
shaped rock formation or there
used to have crocodiles living
here is still undetermined.
 ^^ Tourist Spots

Punta Villa Cave

This massive, sun-lit cave

is home to a huge
population of bats as well
as a variety of limestone
formations. Traces of
previous treasure
excavation activities can
also be found here.
 ^^ Tourist Spots

Hinophopan Cave, Municipality of Loreto

Hinophopan is a 5 minute stroll from farm

to market road bound to a new technical
caving adventure perfect for day-tripper
explorer has been discovered named
Hinop-hopan cave. Wild species of snakes,
rock formations, bats, shrimps and water
eel are found while exploring to that
place. It is called Hinop-hopan because
running water from the forest falls on the
cave during rainy days.
 >> INSIGHTS

I learned that Dinagat I realized that even I intend to visit this

Island was a beautiful, under controversies, island if I already had
undiscovered haven. God one can rise up and the time… and of
indeed blessed Philippines become more of what course the money I will
with such a scenic and they are before. An need to discover this
bountiful place. And also example was theb hidden, small but
that these island were the island of Dinagat magnificent place.
home of the Ecleo’s and because of the Ecleo This place actually
his followers. The Ecleo but it didn’t become drew me when I was
were the centre of hindrance of their creating this
controversy because of becoming a new and presentation and I was
their rumoured cults. sought after vacation impressed with scenic
islands in our country. view.
 Geo 2 (2:30-3:30 MWF)

Prepared By:

Besabella, Lauralen K.