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Lesson 2 Transport Mechanism

1. Sugar plays an important role in food preservation like jams and jellies through the process of osmosis. Sugar enters the fruit cells through osmosis and helps prevent spoilage by inhibiting microbial growth and oxidation. 2. Simple diffusion is the passive movement of small, nonpolar molecules through cell membranes down a concentration gradient, while facilitated diffusion uses channel or carrier proteins to transport larger polar molecules. 3. Endocytosis involves engulfing materials from outside the cell and bringing them inside vesicle, while exocytosis involves vesicle fusion with the cell membrane to release internal contents outside the cell.

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Mervin Gapasin
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98 views

Lesson 2 Transport Mechanism

1. Sugar plays an important role in food preservation like jams and jellies through the process of osmosis. Sugar enters the fruit cells through osmosis and helps prevent spoilage by inhibiting microbial growth and oxidation. 2. Simple diffusion is the passive movement of small, nonpolar molecules through cell membranes down a concentration gradient, while facilitated diffusion uses channel or carrier proteins to transport larger polar molecules. 3. Endocytosis involves engulfing materials from outside the cell and bringing them inside vesicle, while exocytosis involves vesicle fusion with the cell membrane to release internal contents outside the cell.

Uploaded by

Mervin Gapasin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 2: Cell Transport Mechanism.

26/09/2021

Gapasin, Mervin Roland V.


Narcillia, Christine B.
Gacayan, Hernelen
Rasos, Eleanor
Calica, Carlo Miguel
Quibin, Maegan Rose

1. How can sugar preserve fruits (like jam or jelly)?

- Sugar plays an important role in food preservation including jams or jellies. This is
done through osmosis, where sugar replaces some of the water in the fruit. This
natural process preserves the fruit's inherent color, texture and shape by preventing
the fruit's remaining water from leaving its cellular structures. As a result, the fruit's
texture is protected against weakening during freezing and canning. In addition,
sugar, upon entering the cells, helps minimize oxidation, and prevents the fruit's
firm texture from becoming mushy and increases the shelf life of products. Even
though sugar are naturally present in fruits, sugar needs to be added as the higher
the sugar content the more it prevents any microbial growth and spoilage.

2. Differentiate the following: simple diffusion from facilitated diffusion;

- Simple diffusion is straightforward, as long as the substance has the right size(small),is
a nonpolar solute and the cell membrane allows it, simple diffusion is simply from a
high to low concentration gradient.In simple diffusion, the movement of molecules
occurs through the general surface of the membrane.It is a slower type of diffusion.An
example is gas exchange in the cells, the blood has a lot of O2 and in the cells, they
have CO2 as their waste, the O2 moves from the blood to the cells and the CO2 moves
from the cells to the blood; from a high to low concentration.Facilitated diffusion is
for large and polar solutes.Certain channel proteins are involved in facilitated
diffusion, which results in the formation of particular pores for the movement of
molecules.There are two types of Facilitated diffusion:Channel mediated wherein the
solutes move in a water filled channel;It has a leak and gated channel and Carrier
mediated wherein the polar substance uses a protein to move through the membrane.
An example is when simple sugar or simple carbohydrates are being transported from
the blood to the cell.
B. active transport from facilitated diffusion;
- The transmission of molecules throughout the plasma membrane are facilitated
diffusion and active transport, two membrane transport mechanisms. Transmembrane
proteins are being used to transmit molecules in both facilitated diffusion and active
transport. The distribution of molecules by facilitated diffusion does not necessitate the
need for cellular energy.
The process of facilitating the absorption of nutrients through the cell membrane without
using energy is termed as facilitated diffusion or passive diffusion. Active transport is a
method of transporting molecules across the cell membrane that tends to make use of
the energy generated by respiration.

C. endocytosis from exocytosis;


- Endocytosis is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell
by engulfing it with the cell membrane and bringing it into the cell. There are two
kinds of endocytosis, these are phagocytosis or cellular eating, it occurs when the
dissolved materials enter the cell. the other one is pinocytosis or cell drinking. This
occurs when the plasma membrane folds inward to form a channel allowing
dissolved substances to enter the cell. When the channel is closed, the liquid is
encircled within a pinocytic vesicle. On the other hand, exocytosis describes the
process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to
the outside of the cell. Exocytosis occurs when a cell produces substances for export,
such as a protein, or when the cell is getting rid of a waste product or a toxin.

D. passive diffusion from bulk transport

- Passive diffusion is the movement of molecules from a high-concentration area to a


low-concentration area. It's the most important route for getting drugs through
membranes. while Bulk transport is the movement of large particles (or vast numbers
of smaller particles) through a cell membrane. The substances to be transported are
enclosed in their own small membrane globes, which can then bud from or merge with
the membrane to transport the substance across.
REFERENCES:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/passive-diffusion
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/cell-structure-and-
function/membrane-transport/a/bulk-transport

Anupama Sapkota (2021). Simple Diffusion vs Facilitated Diffusion (11 Differences). [online]
Microbe Notes. Available at: https://microbenotes.com/simple-diffusion-vs-facilitated-
diffusion/ [Accessed 25 Sep. 2021].

Curriculum Nacional. MINEDUC. Chile. (2021). Cell Membrane Transport - Transport Across A
Membrane - How Do Things Move Across A Cell Membrane. [online] Available at:
https://www.curriculumnacional.cl/portal/Educacion-General/Ciencias-Naturales-8-
basico/CN08-OA-03/133667:Cell-Membrane-Transport-Transport-Across-A-Membrane-How-
Do-Things-Move-Across-A-Cell-Membrane [Accessed 25 Sep. 2021].

Cell Membrane Transport - Transport Across A Membrane - How Do Things Move Across A Cell
Membrane (1).mp4

https://www.eufic.org/en/whats-in-food/article/sugars-from-a-food-technology-
perspective

https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Book%3A_Introd
uctory_Biology_(CK-
12)/02%3A_Cell_Biology/2.17%3A_Exocytosis_and_Endocytosis#:~:text=a%20concentration%2
0gradient.-
,Endocytosis%20is%20the%20process%20of%20capturing%20a%20substance%20or%20particle,t
he%20outside%20of%20the%20cell.

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