Scribd
Upload
149 views5 pages

Theories in Nursing

The document discusses various theories and conceptual models relevant to psychiatric and mental health nursing. It provides a list of over 20 theories along with the theorists who developed them. It then describes what conceptual models are and lists some major conceptual models such as Johnson's Behavioral System Model, King's Conceptual Model, and Neuman's Systems Model. Finally, it discusses the functions of theories, levels of abstraction, and different types of theories including grand theories and middle-range theories.

Uploaded by

amal abdulrahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
149 views5 pages

Theories in Nursing

The document discusses various theories and conceptual models relevant to psychiatric and mental health nursing. It provides a list of over 20 theories along with the theorists who developed them. It then describes what conceptual models are and lists some major conceptual models such as Johnson's Behavioral System Model, King's Conceptual Model, and Neuman's Systems Model. Finally, it discusses the functions of theories, levels of abstraction, and different types of theories including grand theories and middle-range theories.

Uploaded by

amal abdulrahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Theories in Psychiatric Nursing &

Conceptual Models

Mental Health/Psychiatric Theories


for Nurses
The following theories are related to psych nursing or mental health:
• Kathryn Barnard: Child Interaction Theory (middle-range
theory)
• Ann Wolbert Burgess: Rape-Trauma Syndrome
• Sharon Dingman: The Caring Model
• Virginia Henderson: Principles of Basic Nursing Care (grand
theory)
• Imogene King: Goal Attainment (middle-range theory)
• Dr. Katharine Kolcaba: The Comfort Theory (broad-scope
middle-range predictive theory)
• Dr. Madeleine Leininger: Transcultural Theory
• Myra Levine: Conservation Model
• Margaret Newman: Theory of Expanding Consciousness
(grand theory)
• Josephine Paterson & Loretta Zderad: Humanistic Nursing
Theory
• Hildegard Peplau: Interpersonal Relations (middle-range
descriptive theory)
• Dr. Rosemarie Rizzo Parse: Theory of Human Becoming
(grand theory)
• Dr. Nola Pender’s: Health Promotion Model (grand theory)
• Dr. Pamela Reed: Theory of Self-Transcendence (middle-
broad range theory)
• Dr. Gail Stuart: Stress Adaptation Model
• Kristen Swanson: Theory of Caring and Healing (middle range
theory)
• Joyce Travelbee: Interpersonal Theory of Nursing
• Jean Watson: Theory of Human Science and Human
Caring/Relationship-Based Care (philosophy and a grand view
of nursing)
• Janet Younger: Mastery of stress theory; this theory explains
the mechanisms through which suffering affects an individual’s
sense of community and connectedness with others.

About Conceptual Models


Conceptual model/framework/paradigms are a set of abstract,
general concepts that address the phenomena of central interest to
discipline; the propositions that broadly describe those concepts,
and the propositions that state abstract are general relations
between two or more of the concepts. CM’s identifies:
1. The purposes of practice (CM should be able to guide all
aspects of clinical practice, all steps of the nursing process)
2. General nature of clinical problems to be considered & settings
of practice
3. Characteristics of participants in nursing practice
4. Nursing process and the technologies to be used, including
parameters of assessment, labels (dx) of problems, typologies
of interventions, criteria for evaluating outcomes
5. Nature of contributions of nursing practice to the well-being of
nursing participants

Major Conceptual Models


• Dorothy’s Johnson’s Behavioral System Model
• King’s Conceptual Model
• Imogene Levin’s Conservation Model
• Betty Neuman’s System Model
• Dorothea Orem’s Self Care Framework
• Martha Roger’s Science of Unitary Human Beings
• Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model

Functions of a Theory
• To narrow and elaborate on phenomena in a conceptual model
• Provide more structure for the interpretation of behaviors and
events
• To guide a framework for practice
• Theories may also be called atomistic, macro, and micro
theories

Levels of Abstraction
• Conceptual -e.g. Health promotion
• Theoretical -e.g. Safe sex
• Empirical (operational)-e.g. Reports condom use with every
sexual encounter
• Modifiable/Nonmodifiable

Grand Theory: broad in scope consisting of concepts and


propositions that are less abstract but not as specific as middle
range theories i.e. consciousness. Grand theories are derived
directly from a conceptual model and can also serve as starting
points of Middle Range Theories. Example: Martha Roger’s Science
of Unitary Human Beings derived 3 grand theories from her CM; the
Science of Unitary Human Beings, Theory of Accelerating
Evolution, & Theory of Paranormal Phenomena Middle Range
Theories: can also be directly derived from a conceptual model. 3
forms:
• Descriptive: are the most basic mid-range theory i.e. what is
pain. A classification of a phenomenon and are
generated/tested by means of descriptive research.
• Explanatory: includes at least 2 concepts, the proposition of
explaining why and its relation to another concept i.e. why do
injuries occur with a restraint protocol. Middle-range theories
are tested by means of correlational research.
• Predictive: includes at least 2 concepts, one is usually an
intervention and the other concept is about the outcome i.e.
how does monitoring activity levels, decrease infection rates in
the hospital. Middle-range explanatory research is tested via
experimental research.

You might also like