KERALA INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
(KINFRA)
Detailed Project Report (DPR) for
Petrochemical Industrial Park at
Ambalamughal, Kochi, Kerala

REVISED FINAL DPR (KIIFB FORMAT)

JULY 2019

PREPARED BY

Voyants Solutions Pvt.Ltd.

ASIA.EUROPE.AFRICA

Gurugram I Hyderabad I Kolkata I Chennai I Mumbai I Bengaluru I Kenya I Dubai

E-mail: [email protected] I Web: www.voyants.in
 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

QUALITY CONTROL
REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT (DPR)
for Development of Petrochemical Park for at Ambalamughal, Kochi

SUBMITTED TO
Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (KINFRA)
KINFRA House, TC 31/2312, Sasthamangalam
Thiruvananthapuram - 695 010, Kerala

Document No. : 1718-064/KINFRA/IPD/KD4/R0

Date : July 29, 2019
No. of Revision :0
No. of Copies Circulated : 2 Soft Copies (Head Office + Kochi Office)
Author : G. Lakshmipathi Naidu, Faisal Alam, T. Sanorita,
Sourav Das, V. Nandini Kumari, Chandra Sekhar
Reddy, Debarshi Guha Roy, Satyam Misra, Pratip
Das, Gajendra Singh, A. Kaliraj, D. Devi and Sriram
Sai Kumar.
Checker : G Lakshmipathi Naidu
Approver : Archna Sharma and BJ Naidu

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Salient Features ............................................................................................................................. 1
2. Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 7
2.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 7
2.2. Demand Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.3. Site Master Plan .................................................................................................................... 10
2.4. Infrastructure Demand Assessment ...................................................................................... 11
2.5. Project Cost Estimate ............................................................................................................ 11
2.6. Environmental Impact Assessment ....................................................................................... 14
2.7. Project Viability and Sensitivity .............................................................................................. 14
2.7.1. Project Financing ......................................................................................................... 15
2.7.2. Park Revenues ............................................................................................................ 15
2.7.3. Expenses ..................................................................................................................... 16
2.7.4. Project Viability ............................................................................................................ 16
2.7.5. Economic Cost benefit analysis .................................................................................. 16
3. Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 19
3.1. Project Background ............................................................................................................... 19
3.2. Scope of Study ...................................................................................................................... 20
3.3. Objective of the Project.......................................................................................................... 20
3.4. Regional Setting .................................................................................................................... 20
3.4.1. Regional Location ........................................................................................................ 20
3.4.2. Regional Connectivity .................................................................................................. 22
3.4.3. Regional Profile ........................................................................................................... 23
3.4.4. Key Takeaways - Regional Context ............................................................................ 24
3.5. Site Analysis .......................................................................................................................... 24
3.5.1. Site location ................................................................................................................. 24
3.5.2. Site Connectivity .......................................................................................................... 25
3.5.3. Site Surroundings ........................................................................................................ 25
3.5.4. Approach and Access ................................................................................................. 27
3.5.5. Shape and Size ........................................................................................................... 28
3.5.6. Site Topography .......................................................................................................... 28
3.5.7. Climate ........................................................................................................................ 29
3.5.8. Elevation ...................................................................................................................... 29
3.5.9. Slope ........................................................................................................................... 31
3.5.10. Drainage ................................................................................................................ 31
3.5.11. Land Details .......................................................................................................... 32
3.5.12. Key Takeaways - Site Context .............................................................................. 33
3.5.13. On-site Infrastructure............................................................................................. 34
3.5.14. Off-site Infrastructure............................................................................................. 34
3.6. Environmental Considerations ............................................................................................... 34
3.7. Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) issues ..................................................................... 35
3.8. SWOT Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 35
4. Status of Feasibility Studies ...................................................................................................... 37
5. Demand Analysis ........................................................................................................................ 38
5.1. Project Background ............................................................................................................... 38
5.2. Need for the Chemical Park in Kochi ..................................................................................... 38
5.3. Scope of the Market Study .................................................................................................... 39
5.4. Market Assessment for KINFRA Park ................................................................................... 40
5.4.1. Likely Feedstock available in the KINFRA Kochi Park catchment area including BPCL
refinery and propylene derivative petrochemical project (PDPP) .......................................... 40
5.4.2. Opportunities for Manufacture - KINFRA Park ............................................................ 41

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5.4.3. Market Potential for the Target Products .................................................................... 43

5.4.3.1. Intermediates ......................................................................................................... 43
5.4.3.2. Specialty Chemicals .............................................................................................. 44
5.4.3.3. Drugs and Pharma ................................................................................................ 46
5.4.3.4. End Products ......................................................................................................... 48
5.5. Land Demand Potential in India- Target Chemicals / Petrochemicals .................................. 53
5.6. Land Demand Potential for KINFRA Park ............................................................................. 54
5.7. KINFRA Park Land Allocation & Phasing .............................................................................. 60
5.8. The Proposed KINFRA Park Concept ................................................................................... 62
5.8.1. Benchmarking of Select Chemical Parks by World Regions ...................................... 62
5.8.2. User Perceptions and Attitudes ................................................................................... 79
5.8.3. Proposed KINFRA Park concept ................................................................................. 80
5.9. Market Strategy Recommendation for the KINFRA Park ...................................................... 81
5.9.1. Competitive advantage & market strategy dictates-KINFRA Park .............................. 81
5.9.2. Proposed marketing strategies for KINFRA Petrochemical park ................................ 87
5.9.2.1. Target Markets ...................................................................................................... 87
5.9.2.2. Park facility design strategy .................................................................................. 88
5.9.2.3. Pricing strategy...................................................................................................... 88
5.9.2.4. Government Incentive Support ............................................................................. 90
5.9.2.5. Marketing promotion strategy ................................................................................ 90
6. Functional Design ....................................................................................................................... 93
6.1. Surveys and Investigations .................................................................................................... 93
6.2. Preamble ............................................................................................................................... 93
6.3. Principles for sustainable development ................................................................................. 93
6.4. Planning Concepts ................................................................................................................. 94
6.5. Planning Considerations ........................................................................................................ 95
6.6. Industrial Acts and Polices..................................................................................................... 96
6.7. Surrounding Land use ........................................................................................................... 97
6.8. Population Estimation ............................................................................................................ 97
6.9. Master Plan Zoning ................................................................................................................ 99
6.10. Site Master Plan ........................................................................................................ 100
6.10.1. Proposed Entry/Exit............................................................................................. 100
6.10.2. Transportation ..................................................................................................... 100
6.10.2.1. Circulation and Road Hierarchy......................................................................... 100
6.10.2.2. Parking ............................................................................................................... 100
6.10.3. Land Use Plan ..................................................................................................... 101
6.10.4. Plot Parcellation .................................................................................................. 102
6.10.5. Common Amenities / Industry Related Facilities ................................................ 103
6.10.6. Green / Open areas............................................................................................. 104
6.11. Landscape Design ..................................................................................................... 105
6.11.1. Key Features of Landscape Plan ........................................................................ 105
6.11.2. Identification of Spaces for Landscaping ............................................................ 105
6.11.3. Green Belts ......................................................................................................... 106
6.11.4. Median and Avenue Plantation ........................................................................... 106
6.11.5. Trees ................................................................................................................... 106
6.11.6. Shrubs ................................................................................................................. 107
6.11.7. Stroll Garden ....................................................................................................... 108
6.11.8. Garden of Arts ..................................................................................................... 109
6.11.9. Yoga Garden ....................................................................................................... 110
6.11.10. Garden of Surprise ............................................................................................. 111
6.11.11. The Plaza ............................................................................................................ 112
6.11.12. Contoured Landscape ........................................................................................ 113
6.11.13. Landscape Plan for the Project Site ................................................................... 114
6.12. Site Boundary ............................................................................................................ 115
7. Engineering Design ................................................................................................................... 116
7.1. Traffic and Transportation.................................................................................................... 116
7.1.1. Traffic Analysis .......................................................................................................... 116
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7.1.1.1. Traffic Forecast (Generated Traffic) .................................................................... 116

7.1.1.2. Assumptions ........................................................................................................ 116
7.1.1.3. Commercial Traffic .............................................................................................. 118
7.1.1.4. Passenger Traffic ................................................................................................ 119
7.1.1.5. Total Generated Traffic ....................................................................................... 119
7.1.2. Land Adequacy & Circulation Plan ............................................................................ 120
7.1.2.1. Internal & External Road Network ....................................................................... 120
7.1.2.2. Access Gate ........................................................................................................ 121
7.1.2.3. Circulation Plan ................................................................................................... 121
7.1.3. Parking Demand within Industrial Park ..................................................................... 123
7.1.3.1. Calculating Parking Demand ............................................................................... 123
7.1.4. Conclusions and Recommendations ......................................................................... 124
7.2. Road Network Plan .............................................................................................................. 125
7.2.1. Right of Way (RoW)................................................................................................... 125
7.2.2. Cross Sectional Element ........................................................................................... 127
7.3. Geometric Design ................................................................................................................ 128
7.3.1. Design Standards ...................................................................................................... 128
7.3.1.1. Horizontal Alignment: .......................................................................................... 128
7.3.1.2. Vertical Profile ..................................................................................................... 128
7.3.1.3. Intersections ........................................................................................................ 128
7.3.2. Road Junctions .......................................................................................................... 129
7.3.2.1. Type of Junctions ................................................................................................ 129
7.3.2.2. Classification of Junctions ................................................................................... 129
7.3.3. Sight Distance ........................................................................................................... 129
7.3.4. Pavement Design ...................................................................................................... 129
7.4. Site Levelling and Grading Work ......................................................................................... 130
7.4.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 130
7.4.2. Proposed System and Design Basis ......................................................................... 130
7.5. Storm Water Drainage ......................................................................................................... 131
7.5.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 131
7.5.2. Design basis .............................................................................................................. 131
7.5.3. Design Criteria ........................................................................................................... 133
7.5.3.1. Rainfall and run-off .............................................................................................. 133
7.5.3.2. Co-efficient of Runoff........................................................................................... 133
7.5.3.3. Imperviousness ................................................................................................... 133
7.5.3.4. Time of Concentration ......................................................................................... 133
7.5.3.5. Storm Frequency ................................................................................................. 134
7.5.3.6. Storm Water Discharge (Q) ................................................................................. 134
7.5.3.7. Free Board .......................................................................................................... 134
7.5.3.8. Coefficient of Roughness .................................................................................... 134
7.5.3.9. Longitudinal Bed Slope ....................................................................................... 135
7.5.3.10. Design of Drain section ..................................................................................... 135
7.5.4. Drainage Network ...................................................................................................... 135
7.5.5. Cost summary ........................................................................................................... 136
7.5.6. Design Output............................................................................................................ 137
7.6. Water Supply System .......................................................................................................... 153
7.6.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 153
7.6.2. Water Demand .......................................................................................................... 153
7.6.3. Design Criteria – Fresh Water ................................................................................... 159
7.6.3.1. Pressure Requirement ........................................................................................ 159
7.6.3.2. Network Design and Methodology ...................................................................... 159
7.6.3.3. Design Formula ................................................................................................... 159
7.6.3.4. Pipe Material ....................................................................................................... 160
7.6.3.5. Pipe Appurtenances ............................................................................................ 161
7.6.3.6. Line valves .......................................................................................................... 161
7.6.3.7. Sluice valves ....................................................................................................... 161
7.6.3.8. Butterfly valves .................................................................................................... 162
7.6.3.9. Scour Valves ....................................................................................................... 162
7.6.3.10. Air Valves ........................................................................................................... 162
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7.6.3.11. Non-Return or Reflux valves ............................................................................. 162

7.6.3.12. Anchorage ......................................................................................................... 162
7.6.4. Water Quality Standards ........................................................................................... 162
7.6.5. Cost summary for Potable Water Supply .................................................................. 163
7.7. Recycle Water Supply System ............................................................................................ 169
7.7.1. Population .................................................................................................................. 169
7.7.2. Infrastructure Demand Estimations ........................................................................... 169
7.7.3. Distribution System.................................................................................................... 170
7.7.4. Recycled Water demand ........................................................................................... 174
7.7.5. Proposed Recycled Water Supply System ............................................................... 174
7.7.6. Cost summary for Recycle Water Supply.................................................................. 175
7.8. Waste Water System ........................................................................................................... 177
7.8.1.1. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 177
7.8.1.2. Waste Water Generation ..................................................................................... 177
7.8.1.3. Design Approach ................................................................................................. 177
7.8.1.3.1. Gravity Sewers ................................................................................................. 177
7.8.1.3.2. Design formula.................................................................................................. 177
7.8.1.3.3. Sewer Flow Generation .................................................................................... 178
7.8.1.3.4. Minimum Diameter of Pipe ............................................................................... 179
7.8.1.3.5. Minimum Cover................................................................................................. 179
7.8.1.3.6. Velocity of Flow................................................................................................. 180
7.8.1.3.7. Erosion and Maximum Velocity ........................................................................ 180
7.8.1.3.8. Ground Water Infiltration .................................................................................. 180
7.8.1.3.9. Manholes .......................................................................................................... 180
7.8.1.3.10. House Connections and Sewer Connection Chambers ................................. 181
7.8.1.4. Design Parameters.............................................................................................. 181
7.8.1.4.1. Sewerage Zoning.............................................................................................. 184
7.8.1.4.2. Sewage Flows .................................................................................................. 185
7.8.1.4.3. Hydraulic Design of Sewer ............................................................................... 185
7.8.1.4.4. Pipe Summary .................................................................................................. 186
7.8.1.5. Sewage Pumping Stations .................................................................................. 195
7.8.1.5.1. Inlet Chamber ................................................................................................... 195
7.8.1.5.2. Screen Chamber............................................................................................... 195
7.8.1.5.3. Wet Well ........................................................................................................... 196
7.8.1.5.4. Valve Chamber ................................................................................................. 196
7.8.1.5.5. Pumping Main ................................................................................................... 196
7.8.1.5.6. Pumping Main Profile ....................................................................................... 196
7.8.1.5.7. Sewage Pumping Stations and Pumping Mains .............................................. 196
7.8.1.6. Design Summary ................................................................................................. 197
7.8.1.7. Cost Estimate Summary for Sewerage System .................................................. 197
7.9. Common Effluent Treatment ............................................................................................... 199
7.9.1.1. Water Demand .................................................................................................... 199
7.9.1.2. Wastewater Types Quantification & Characterization ......................................... 199
7.9.1.3. Wastewater Collection......................................................................................... 200
7.9.1.4. Wastewater Treatment Facilities ......................................................................... 200
7.9.1.5. Industrial Process Wastewater Quantification and Characterization .................. 200
7.9.1.6. Wet weather contaminated wastewater Quantification and Characterization ..... 200
7.9.1.7. Domestic wastewater Quantification and Characterization................................. 201
7.9.1.8. Treated Wastewater Quality Standards .............................................................. 202
7.9.1.9. Wastewater Treatment Scheme: Process & Contaminated Storm Wastewater . 204
7.9.1.10. Wastewater Treatment Scheme Design Basis .................................................. 204
7.9.1.11. Industrial Process & Contaminated Storm wastewater ..................................... 205
7.9.1.12. Utilities & Residuals: Chemicals (dry & wet weather flow conditions) ............... 208
7.9.1.13. Utilities & Residuals: Domestic Wastewater Treatment .................................... 209
7.10. Contaminated Storm Water ....................................................................................... 210
7.10.1. Design Criteria ..................................................................................................... 210
7.10.1.1. Rainfall and run-off ............................................................................................ 210
7.10.1.2. Co-efficient of Runoff ......................................................................................... 210
7.10.1.3. Imperviousness .................................................................................................. 210
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7.10.1.4. Time of Concentration ....................................................................................... 211

7.10.1.5. Storm Water Discharge (Q) ............................................................................... 211
7.10.1.6. Free Board ......................................................................................................... 211
7.10.2. Drainage Network................................................................................................ 211
7.10.3. Cost summary for Contaminated Storm Water System ...................................... 212
7.11. Electrical Power Distribution System ......................................................................... 221
7.11.1. General ................................................................................................................ 221
7.11.2. Study of the Existing Power System around the Project Area ............................ 221
7.11.3. Design Assumptions............................................................................................ 221
7.11.4. Design Criteria ..................................................................................................... 222
7.11.4.1. Power demand................................................................................................... 222
7.11.4.2. Planning Consideration ..................................................................................... 224
7.11.4.3. Codes and Standards ........................................................................................ 225
7.11.4.4. System Voltage Level ........................................................................................ 225
7.11.4.5. Major Electrical Equipment ................................................................................ 225
7.11.5. Proposed Concept Design .................................................................................. 225
7.11.5.1. Construction of Main Receiving Substation ....................................................... 226
7.11.5.2. Requirement of 33/11 kV substation ................................................................. 226
7.11.5.3. MV Reticulation .................................................................................................. 226
7.11.5.4. LV Reticulation ................................................................................................... 227
7.11.5.5. Proposal of Emergency Power Supply .............................................................. 227
7.11.5.6. Renewable Energy Reticulation ........................................................................ 227
7.11.6. External Illumination System ............................................................................... 228
7.11.6.1. Design Criteria of Road Lighting ........................................................................ 228
7.11.6.2. Technical Details of Road Lighting System ....................................................... 228
7.11.6.3. Design Criteria of Area Lighting ......................................................................... 229
7.11.6.4. Power Supply..................................................................................................... 229
7.11.6.5. Control System .................................................................................................. 230
7.11.7. Tele and Data Communication System ............................................................... 230
7.11.7.1. Telecommunication System .............................................................................. 230
7.11.7.2. Data Communication System ............................................................................ 231
7.11.8. Cost Estimate Summary for Electrical and Telecommunication ......................... 231
7.12. Solid Waste Management ......................................................................................... 232
7.12.1. General ................................................................................................................ 232
7.12.2. Waste Generation ............................................................................................... 232
7.12.3. Waste Management ............................................................................................ 234
7.12.4. Coverage of the Industry under the Purview of Notification ................................ 234
7.13. Steam and Natural Gas System ................................................................................ 234
7.13.1. Steam .................................................................................................................. 234
7.13.2. Proposed Natural Gas System ............................................................................ 234
7.14. Summary of Project Development Cost .................................................................... 236
8. Financial Estimates & Cost Projection’s ................................................................................ 237
8.1. Project Cost ......................................................................................................................... 237
8.1.1. Land Allocated & Cost ............................................................................................... 237
8.1.2. Land use .................................................................................................................... 237
8.1.3. Preliminary and Preoperative Cost............................................................................ 238
8.1.4. Development Cost ..................................................................................................... 238
9. Revenue Streams ...................................................................................................................... 241
9.1. Revenues & Expenses ........................................................................................................ 241
9.1.1. Revenues .................................................................................................................. 241
9.1.2. Expenses ................................................................................................................... 243
9.2. Project Viability .................................................................................................................... 243
9.3. Project Sensitivity ................................................................................................................ 245
9.4. Project Financing ................................................................................................................. 245
10. Cost Benefit Analysis & Investment Criteria .......................................................................... 246
10.1. Economic Cost benefit analysis ................................................................................ 246
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11. Environmental & Sustainability Aspects ................................................................................ 249

11.1. Preamble ................................................................................................................... 249
11.2. Scoping ...................................................................................................................... 249
11.3. Process of Environmental Clearance (EC) ............................................................... 249
11.4. Validity of Environmental Clearance ......................................................................... 250
11.5. Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring ................................................................ 250
11.6. Transferability of Environmental Clearance .............................................................. 250
11.7. Generic Structure of EIA Documents ........................................................................ 250
11.8. Purpose of the Report ............................................................................................... 251
11.9. Brief of Project Details ............................................................................................... 251
11.10. Site Information ......................................................................................................... 252
11.11. Environmental Sensitivity .......................................................................................... 253
11.12. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) .................................................................. 254
11.13. Environmental Monitoring Plan ................................................................................. 254
11.14. Environmental Management Cost ............................................................................. 256
11.15. Additional Studies ...................................................................................................... 256
11.15.1. Traffic and Transportation Management Plan .................................................... 256
11.16. Disaster Management Plan (DMP) ............................................................................ 256
11.17. Project Benefits ......................................................................................................... 257
11.18. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) ..................................................................... 257
12. Risk Assessment & Mitigation Measures ............................................................................... 259
12.1. Anticipated Environmental and Social Impacts and their Mitigation Measures......... 259
12.1.1. Impacts during Construction Phase .................................................................... 260
12.1.2. Impacts During Operational Phase ..................................................................... 263
12.2. Project Risks.............................................................................................................. 266
12.3. Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 266
13. Project Management Organization .......................................................................................... 267
13.1. Industrial Park Management ..................................................................................... 267
13.1.1. Site Administration .............................................................................................. 267
13.1.2. Infrastructure Services Management .................................................................. 267
13.1.3. Support Services Management ........................................................................... 269
13.1.4. Organization Structure ........................................................................................ 269
13.1.5. Contractual Relationships ................................................................................... 270
13.1.6. Industrial Park Rules and Regulations ................................................................ 270
14. Contract Management Strategy ............................................................................................... 271
14.1. Contract Management Strategy ................................................................................ 271
15. Implementation Schedule & WBS ............................................................................................ 275
15.1. Implementation Schedule .......................................................................................... 275
16. Statutory Clearances ................................................................................................................ 276
16.1. Statutory Clearances ................................................................................................. 276
17. Quality Management Plan ......................................................................................................... 277
17.1. Quality Management Plan ......................................................................................... 277
18. Operations & Maintenance Plan .............................................................................................. 281
18.1. Operations and Maintenance Plan ............................................................................ 281
19. Annexures .................................................................................................................................. 286
19.1. Annexure 1: Opportunity for Manufacture of Viable Chemicals and End Products............. 287
19.2. Annexure 2A: Market Demand for Target Petrochemical Intermediates & Additional
Land Requirement for Its Manufacturing in India (2017-27) ....................................................... 292
19.3. Annexure 2B: Market Demand & Land Requirement for Target Downstream
Industries- (Specialty Chemicals & End Products) In India (2017-27) ........................................ 293
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19.4. Annexure 3: Salient Features of Select Chemical Parks .......................................... 294

19.5. Annexure 4A: Comparison of Prevailing Land Rates in Industrial Parks/Estates in
Different States ............................................................................................................................ 303
19.6. Annexure 4B: Prevailing Land Prices in Industrial Parks in Kerala ........................... 306
19.7. Annexure 5: State wise Comparison of Industrial Land Prices Near and Away from
Refinery Locations and Major Cities ........................................................................................... 307
19.8. Annexure 6: Comparison of Incentives for Industries across Different States .......... 309
19.9. Annexure 7: Kerala Municipal Building Rules ........................................................... 311
19.10. Annexure 8: Surveys and Investigation ..................................................................... 325
19.10.1. Topographic Survey............................................................................................ 325
19.10.2. Soil Investigations and CBR ............................................................................... 335
19.11. Annexure 9 – Cost Estimates and Bill of Quantities (BOQ’s) ................................... 344
19.12. Annexure 10 – Detailed Drawing’s ............................................................................ 345

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List of Tables
Table 1-1: Salient Features of Detailed Project Report (DPR) ............................................................... 1
Table 2-1: Likely available Feedstock in the Catchment area-Kochi Park ............................................. 7
Table 2-2: Potential Project Opportunities based on available feedstock in the Catchment area .......... 7
Table 2-3: Accessible market Potential of Land for KINFRA Park for target industry (Year 2017-27) ... 8
Table 2-4: Plotted Land Allocation by Product Categories – KINFRA Park (Acres) ............................... 9
Table 2-5: Proposed Land Use Break up for Entire Project Site Area .................................................. 11
Table 2-6: Summary of Project Cost Estimates .................................................................................... 13
Table 2-7: Overall Development Cost ................................................................................................... 14
Table 2-8: Impact of Petrochemical Park Usage .................................................................................. 17
Table 2-9: Annual Benefits of Proposed Project ................................................................................... 17
Table 2-10: Cost Benefit Ratio of Proposed Petrochemical Park ......................................................... 18
Table 3-1: Kerala State Profile .............................................................................................................. 21
Table 3-2: Land Details at Project Vicinity ............................................................................................ 32
Table 3-3: Environmental Sensitivity around the Project ...................................................................... 34
Table 5-1: Likely available Feedstock in the Catchment area-Kochi Park ........................................... 40
Table 5-2: Potential Project Opportunities based on available feedstock in the Catchment area ........ 42
Table 5-3: Forecasted Demand Supply Gap of Select/targeted Intermediates (possible from BPCL
Feedstock)-India 2017-27 ..................................................................................................................... 43
Table 5-4: Estimated market for targeted Specialty chemicals India ($ bn) ......................................... 46
Table 5-5: All India Land Area Demand Potential for target Petrochemicals and Chemicals (Year
2017-27) ................................................................................................................................................ 53
Table 5-6: Accessible Land area potential for KINFRA for Intermediates (2017-27) .......................... 56
Table 5-7: Accessible market Potential of Land for KINFRA Park for target Petrochemicals and
Chemicals (Year 2017-27) .................................................................................................................... 59
Table 5-8: Plotted Land Allocation by Product Categories –KINFRA Park (Acres) .............................. 61
Table 5-9: Comparison of salient features of Chemical Parks/Zones across the world ....................... 65
Table 5-10: Investors Wish List ............................................................................................................. 80
Table 5-11: Estimated Annual Sale Plan of Plotted Land-KINFRA Park .............................................. 81
Table 5-12: Market Proximity Advantage-KINFRA Park ....................................................................... 82
Table 5-13: Cost of Sellable Land in proposed KINFRA Petrochemical Park ...................................... 83
Table 5-14: Competitive Land Prices .................................................................................................... 84
Table 5-15: Land Prices in Urban cities with combination of refinery & Port facility ............................. 84
Table 5-16: Land Banks Available in preferred State in India ............................................................... 85
Table 5-17: Comparative Incentives for manufacturing units ............................................................... 85
Table 5-18: Electricity Charge per Unit by states.................................................................................. 86
Table 5-19: Comparative Water Tariff ................................................................................................... 86
Table 5-20: Target market & Regions ................................................................................................... 87
Table 5-21: Recommended Land Pricing by types of Units .................................................................. 89
Table 5-22: Tentative Promotion Plan- KINFRA Petrochemical Park .................................................. 92
Table 5-23: Estimated Budget for Marketing the Park .......................................................................... 92
Table 6-1: Proposed Population Estimation .......................................................................................... 98
Table 6-2: Proposed Length of Roads ................................................................................................ 100
Table 6-3: Proposed Land Use Break up for Entire Project Site Area ................................................ 102
Table 6-4: Proposed Plot Parcellation for Industrial Park ................................................................... 103
Table 7-1: Land use wise area and traffic population distribution....................................................... 117
Table 7-2: Modal Split & Occupancy ................................................................................................... 118
Table 7-3: Output Tonnage ................................................................................................................. 118
Table 7-4: Truck Movement ................................................................................................................ 118
Table 7-5: Number of Commercial Vehicles ....................................................................................... 119
Table 7-6: Generated Passenger Vehicles ......................................................................................... 119
Table 7-7: Distribution of Total Traffic ................................................................................................. 120
Table 7-8: Traffic Density in % age Gate Wise ................................................................................... 120
Table 7-9: Sub Division of Traffic Road Wise ..................................................................................... 121
Table 7-10: ECS of Vehicles ............................................................................................................... 123
Table 7-11: Parking Demand Assessment ......................................................................................... 123
Table 7-12: Generated Vehicles Due to Development ....................................................................... 123
Table 7-13: Total Daily Occupancy ..................................................................................................... 124
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Table 7-14 Road Network ................................................................................................................... 125

Table 7-15 Pavement Composition ..................................................................................................... 130
Table 7-16: Summary of Estimated Cut & Fill Volume for Project Development ................................ 130
Table 7-17: Summary of Estimated Cut & Fill Volume for Fact Road ................................................ 130
Table 7-18: Coefficient of Runoff ........................................................................................................ 133
Table 7-19 :Coefficient of Roughness ................................................................................................. 134
Table 7-20 :Drain size and its length Details ...................................................................................... 135
Table 7-21: Outfall summary ............................................................................................................... 136
Table 7-22: Salient Features of Storm Water Drainage System......................................................... 136
Table 7-23 :Cost summary of Storm Water Drain ............................................................................... 136
Table 7-24 :Water Demand Assumptions for Petro chemical park ..................................................... 153
Table 7-25: Estimated Water Demand ................................................................................................ 156
Table 7-26: Comparison of Pipe Materials .......................................................................................... 160
Table 7-27: Pipe materials used for the water supply system ............................................................ 161
Table 7-28: Water Quality Standards .................................................................................................. 162
Table 7-29: Potable Water Out-put ..................................................................................................... 164
Table 7-30: Recycle Water Output ...................................................................................................... 170
Table 7-31: Recycled Water Demand ................................................................................................. 174
Table 7-32: Scheme for Recycle Water network ................................................................................ 174
Table 7-33 : Manning’s Coefficient ..................................................................................................... 177
Table 7-34 : Demand details ............................................................................................................... 178
Table 7-35: Infiltration Flow Considerations ........................................................................................ 180
Table 7-36: Manholes sizes ................................................................................................................ 180
Table 7-37 : Design Parameters ......................................................................................................... 181
Table 7-38 : Sewer Zoning Details ...................................................................................................... 185
Table 7-39 : Pipe and its length summary .......................................................................................... 186
Table 7-40: Manhole Hole depth Details Diameter wise. .................................................................... 186
Table 7-41 : Hydraulic Statement ....................................................................................................... 187
Table 7-42:: SPS and PM Summary ................................................................................................... 197
Table 7-43 : Details of the Wastewater Collection System ................................................................. 197
Table 7-44 : Phase Wise Cost for Sewerage System ......................................................................... 197
Table 7-45: Secondary treatment: Domestic Waste Water Treatment ............................................... 208
Table 7-46: Drain size and its length Details ..................................................................................... 212
Table 7-47: Contaminated Storm Water Details ................................................................................. 212
Table 7-48: Hydraulic Statement for Contaminated Stormwater ........................................................ 213
Table 7-49: Design Assumptions for Industrial Sectors ...................................................................... 221
Table 7-50: Design Assumptions for Other Development Area .......................................................... 221
Table 7-51: Electrical Load Calculations ............................................................................................. 223
Table 7-52: Flow Chart for Power Distribution System ....................................................................... 223
Table 7-53: Zonal Substation Details .................................................................................................. 223
Table 7-54: Main Receiving Station Details ........................................................................................ 224
Table 7-55: Technical Details of Road Lighting System ..................................................................... 228
Table 7-56: High Mast Data (Shaft Dimension, Foundation Bolts/ Accessories) ............................... 229
Table 7-57: Tele services .................................................................................................................... 230
Table 7-58: Solid Waste Generated from Petro Chemical Park ......................................................... 233
Table 7-59: Natural Gas requirement in SCM /hr @ 100% of the fuel on Natural Gas for Petro
Chemical Park ..................................................................................................................................... 235
Table 7-60: Natural Gas requirement in SCM /hr @ 50% of the fuel on Natural Gas for Petro Chemical
Park ..................................................................................................................................................... 235
Table 7-61: Natural Gas requirement in Tons/yr @ 100% of the fuel on Natural Gas for Petro
Chemical Park ..................................................................................................................................... 235
Table 7-62: Natural Gas requirement in Tons/yr @ 50% of the fuel on Natural Gas for Petro Chemical
Park ..................................................................................................................................................... 235
Table 7-63: Summary of Project Cost Estimates ................................................................................ 236
Table 8-1: Cost of Land Acquired Per Acre for KINFRA Petrochemical Park .................................... 237
Table 8-2: KINFRA Petrochemical Park land use ............................................................................... 238
Table 8-3: Cost of Basic Development elements ................................................................................ 238
Table 8-4: Cost of Essential services element wise ........................................................................... 239
Table 8-5: Overall Development Cost ................................................................................................. 239
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Table 8-6: Development Cost Phasing (In Rs. Crore) ........................................................................ 240
Table 9-1: Cost to BPCL ..................................................................................................................... 241
Table 9-2: Land Absorption (Acres) .................................................................................................... 242
Table 9-3: Total Investment (in Rs. Crore - - Rounded off to nearest Integer) ................................... 244
Table 9-4: Working Results (Rs. Crore- Rounded off to nearest Integer) .......................................... 244
Table 9-5: Cash Flow (Rs. Crore- Rounded off to nearest Integer) .................................................... 245
Table 10-1: Economic Impact ............................................................................................................. 246
Table 10-2: KINFRA Petrochemical Park: Economic Benefit ............................................................. 247
Table 10-3: KINFRA Petrochemical Park: Economic Benefit ............................................................. 247
Table 10-4: KINFRA Petrochemical Park: CBA Economic Benefit (Rs. Crore) .................................. 248
Table 10-5: Risk Probabilities and its mitigation ................................................................................. 248
Table 11-1: The Details of the Categories .......................................................................................... 249
Table 11-2: EIA Report Structure ........................................................................................................ 250
Table 11-3: Site Information Summary ............................................................................................... 252
Table 11-4: Environmental Sensitivity Details..................................................................................... 253
Table 11-5: Environmental Monitoring Plan ........................................................................................ 255
Table 12-1: Potential Environmental Impacts ..................................................................................... 259
Table 12-2: Risk Probabilities and its Mitigation ................................................................................. 266
Table 13-1: Roles and Responsibilities of Developer and Member Industries ................................... 267

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List of Figures
Figure 1-1: Project Management Organisation Strategy ........................................................................ 5
Figure 1-2: Implementation Schedule ..................................................................................................... 5
Figure 1-3: Brief Outlay of Project Control Systems ............................................................................... 6
Figure 3-1: Location Map of Ernakulam District and Project Site ......................................................... 21
Figure 3-2: Regional Location and Connectivity Map of the proposed site .......................................... 23
Figure 3-3: Kerala District Wise Population – Census 2011 ................................................................. 23
Figure 3-4: Map Showing nearby Settlements to Project Site .............................................................. 25
Figure 3-5: Site Surroundings ............................................................................................................... 26
Figure 3-6: Pictorial illustrations of the proposed project site region and environs .............................. 27
Figure 3-7: Site Dimensions of Petrochemical Park ............................................................................. 28
Figure 3-8: Elevation Analysis of Petrochemical Park .......................................................................... 29
Figure 3-9: Site Profile .......................................................................................................................... 30
Figure 3-10: Slope Analysis of Petrochemical Park .............................................................................. 31
Figure 3-11: Drainage Features at Petrochemical Park ....................................................................... 32
Figure 3-12: Map of Proposed Project Site ........................................................................................... 33
Figure 5-1: Specialty Chemical Market - India (2014). ......................................................................... 45
Figure 5-2: Polyurethane Market India by applications-2016 ............................................................... 51
Figure 5-3: Global Benchmarking Comparison “Chemical Sites' Success Factors .............................. 63
Figure 6-1: Principles for Sustainable Development ............................................................................. 94
Figure 6-2: Planning Concepts ............................................................................................................. 95
Figure 6-3: Existing Land use around the Project Area ........................................................................ 97
Figure 6-4: Zoning Plan......................................................................................................................... 99
Figure 6-5: Proposed Circulation Network Entry / Exit Plan ............................................................... 101
Figure 6-6: Proposed Land Use Distribution ....................................................................................... 101
Figure 6-7: Proposed Land Use Plan .................................................................................................. 102
Figure 6-8: Proposed Industrial Plots .................................................................................................. 103
Figure 6-9: Proposed Utilities .............................................................................................................. 104
Figure 6-10: Proposed Green / Open Area ......................................................................................... 105
Figure 6-11: Boundary Wall Layout Plan ............................................................................................ 115
Figure 7-1: Traffic Circulation Plan ..................................................................................................... 122
Figure 7-2: Typical ROW – 24m Wide (External Road) ...................................................................... 126
Figure 7-3: Typical ROW – 22m Wide (external Road) ...................................................................... 126
Figure 7-4: Typical ROW – 20m Wide (Internal Road) ....................................................................... 127
Figure 7-5: Typical ROW – 19m Wide (Internal Road) ....................................................................... 127
Figure 7-6: Site Levelling and Grading Work of Petrochemical Park Project ..................................... 131
Figure 7-7: Storm Water Network Drawing - 1 .................................................................................... 152
Figure 7-8: Storm Water Network Drawing - 2 .................................................................................... 152
Figure 7-9: Potable Water Network – 1 ............................................................................................... 168
Figure 7-10: Potable Water Network – 2............................................................................................. 168
Figure 7-11: Water Balance Sheet ...................................................................................................... 170
Figure 7-12: Recycled Water Network – 1 .......................................................................................... 176
Figure 7-13: Recycled Water Network – 2 .......................................................................................... 176
Figure 7-14: Sewergems Model .......................................................................................................... 185
Figure 7-15:Sewerage Network – 1 .................................................................................................... 198
Figure 7-16: Sewerage Network – 2 ................................................................................................... 199
Figure 7-17: Thematic View of Road Lighting ..................................................................................... 228
Figure 7-18: Waste Categories ........................................................................................................... 232
Figure 7-19: Safety Requirements in the Gas Supply Regulations .................................................... 235
Figure 15-1: Project Implementation Schedule ................................................................................... 275

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List of Abbreviations
AADT : Annual average daily traffic
AASHTO : American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
ATF : Aviation Turbine Fuel
APIs : Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
BC : Bituminous Concrete
BDPP : Brahmapuram Diesel Power Plant
BIS : Bureau of Indian Standard
BOQ : Bill of Quantity
BPCL : Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
BS : British Standards
BSNL : Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited
c/way : Carriage Way
CAGR : Compounded Annual Growth Rate
CBR : California Bearing Ratio
CCTV : Closed Circuit TV
CDMA : Code Division Multiple Access
CETP : Common Effluent Treatment Plant
CFS : Container Freight Station
CPHEEO : Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization
CPWD : Central Public Works Department
DBM : Dense Bitumen Macadam
DCI : Deliverables Control Index
DI : Ductile Iron
DLC : Dry Lean Concrete
DPR : Detailed Project Report
DSR : Delhi Schedule of Rates
DTA : Domestic Tariff Area
DTM : Digital Terrain Model
EHT : Extra High Tension
EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment
EO : Ethylene Oxide
EPDM : Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer
ETP : Effluent Treatment Plant
FACT : Fertilizers and Chemicals Travancore Limited
FCC : Fluid Catalytic Cracking
FDI : Foreign Direct Investment
FRBL : FACT - RCF Building Products Ltd
FRL : Finished Road Levels
FRP : fibre-reinforced polymer
GDP : Gross Domestic Product
GIDC : Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation
GSB : Granular Sub-Base
GSM : Global System for Mobile Communications

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GSS : Grid-Substation
GVA : Gross Value Added
Ha : Hectare
HDPE : High Density Polyethylene
HFL : High Flood Level
HOCL : Hindustan Organic Chemicals Limited
HPSV : High-Pressure Sodium Vapour
HSD : High Speed Diesel
HT : High Tension
HVAC : heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
ICTT : International Container Transshipment Terminal
IDF : Intensity- Duration- Frequency
IEC : International Electro technical commission
IMD : Indian Meteorological department
IRC : Indian Road Congress
KEIL : Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Ltd
kg : Kilogram
KINFRA : Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation
kmph : Kilo meter per hour
KSEB : Kerala State Electricity Board
KTA : Kilo Tons Per Anum
kV : Kilo Volt
kW : Kilo Watt
LED : Light Emitting Diode
LNG : Liquefied Natural Gas
LTE : Low Temperature Evaporation
LV : Low Voltage
M : Metre
m/s : Metre per Second
MCC : Mixed Commercial Centre
MED : Multiple-Effect Distillation
MEG : Mono Ethylene Glycol
MGD : Millions of Gallons per Day
MLD : Million Liter per Day
mm : Millimetre
MoEF : Ministry of Environment & Forests
MORTH : Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
MRSS : Main Receiving Sub-Station
MSA : Million Standard Axels
MSF : Multistage Flash
MSW : Municipal Solid Waste
MTO : Methane to Olefins
Mtr. : Metre
MVA : Mega Volt Amp
NH : National Highway

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NIMZ : National Investment and Manufacturing Zone

OD : Outer Diameter
OHT : Overhead Reservoir
PAR : Plinth Area Rates
PCPIR : Petroleum, Chemicals & Petrochemical Investment Regions
PDPP : Propylene Derivative Petrochemical Project
PET : Polyethylene Terephthalate
PN : Max Pressure in bar
PO : Propylene Oxide
PQC : Pavement Quality Concrete
PSC : Pre-stressed concrete
PU : Polyurethane
QAP : Quality Assurance Plan
RCC : Reinforced Cement Concrete
RO : Reverse Osmosis
ROW : Right of Way
SAP : Super Absorbent Polymer
SBA : Styrene Butadiene Acrylonitrile
SEZ : Special Economic Zone
S/S : Socket Spigot joint
SH : State Highway
SLD : Single Line Diagram
SOR : Schedule of Rates
SPCB : State Pollution Control Board
STP : Sewerage Treatment Plant
SWD : Storm water Drainage
SWTD : Kerala State Water Transport Department
ToRs : Terms of References
TPA : Tonne per Annum
UPVC : Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride
URDPFI : Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation Guidelines
USP : Unique Selling Points
VC : Vapour Compression
VCM : Vinyl Chloride Monomer
VE : Value Engineering
VSPL : Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
W : Watt
WMM : Wet Mix Macadam
WTP : Water Treatment Plant
XLPE : Cross-linked polyethylene
ZLD : Zero Liquid Discharge

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1. Salient Features
The salient features of the Final Detailed Project Report (DPR) for the development of
proposed Petrochemical Industrial Park at Ambalamughal, Kochi, Kerala is provided below.
Table 1-1: Salient Features of Detailed Project Report (DPR)
S.No Item Description
1. Title of the project Detailed Project Report (DPR) for Development
of Petro Chemical Park for at Ambalamughal,
Kochi, Kerala.
2. District Ernakulam
Thaluk (a). Kunnathunadu, (b). Kanayannur
Corporation/Municipality/Panchayath Vadavukode Puthencruz Panchayath
Assembly Constituency Kochi
3. Implementing agency / SPV Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development
Corporation (KINFRA)
4. DPR prepared by Voyants Solutions Private Limited (VSPL).
5. Project outlay Rs.317 Crores
6. Budget provision No Provision
7. Budget speech reference Not Applicable
8. Administrative sanction DPR Yet to be Submitted.
9. Nature of the project (New / Existing / New
Upgradation)
10. Present status of existing Not Applicable
11. Need for the project (Brief) The chemical industry is the main stay of
industrial and agricultural development of the
country and provides building blocks for several
downstream industries, such as textiles, papers,
paints, soaps, detergents, pharmaceuticals,
varnish etc. It is one of the most diversified of all
industrial sectors covering thousands of
commercial products. Petrochemicals constitute
a very important segment of world chemicals
market, with a share of nearly 40 per cent. The
value additions in the petrochemicals chain offer
immense possibilities and cater to the need of
textiles and clothing, agriculture, packaging,
infrastructure, healthcare, furniture,
automobiles, information technology, power,
electronics and telecommunication, irrigation,
drinking water, construction and a host of other
articles of daily and specialized usage amidst
other emerging areas. The share of this sector in
the country’s GVA of manufacturing sector is
currently estimated at 13.60 %. The size of the
Indian Chemical industry in terms of market in
the year 2015-16 according to Department of
Chemicals and Petrochemical statistics was

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PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

estimated at Rs. 850,000 crores. India accounts

for almost 2.8% share of the world market.

India is net importer of chemicals and

Petrochemicals and imported almost Rs.
2,62,000 crores of Chemicals against total
exports of Rs.1,81,000 crores in 2015-16. The
imports contribute almost 31 % of the total
country’s consumption of chemicals and
Petrochemicals, mostly in petrochemical
intermediates and organic chemicals. The main
reason for such high imports has been shortage
of basic feed stocks in the country for
manufacturing the various chemicals and
Petrochemicals. There is thus huge potential for
attracting investments in Chemical industry in
the country with increased availability of feed
stocks. BPCLs proposed venture in
petrochemical industry with diverse end
products and feedstock will provide attractive
investment opportunities for development of
Petrochemical downstream industry close to
BPCL refinery. Much of the feed stocks that will
be produced by refinery and Petrochemical
plant by their very nature will be difficult to
transport and have to be preferably consumed
next the source of supply and hence KINFRA Park
accordingly has every chance of attracting future
investments in this sector. Moreover, South
India which accounts for almost 30% share of
Indian GDP accounts for meager share of the
production of chemicals and Petrochemicals in
the country, which is mostly concentrated
around Gujarat and Maharashtra. The proposed
KINFRA Park can play big role in bridging this
demand supply gap of chemicals in South India.

Chemical Parks have been seen to be the best

method of attracting investments in chemical
sector world over in all major countries and
regions. Investments in chemical parks benefit
investors in several ways providing Optimal
economic conditions, Professional settlement
support, Investment benefits through state of
art infrastructure, flexibilization and
optimization of business model, Focusing on
core business, Time and cost benefits through
offered individual services, Synergy potentials
resulting from optimum structures (e.g. links to
supply chain, connections to research institutes)
and Benefits from integrated know-how
structures. In successful Chemical Parks like
Jurong Singapore and German chemical parks
the investors save up to 15 to 20% in capital and
operation costs. It thus makes great sense to set

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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

up an integrated KINFRA Chemical Park in Kochi

which will have tremendous economic impact in
the region.
12. Total estimated cost and item wise cost Overall Estimated Internal Infrastructure
break up Development Cost is Rs.317 Crores.
 Site Levelling & Grading Works –
Rs.28.47 Crores
 Boundary Walls and Retaining Wall –
Rs. 48.74 Crores
 Landscaping and Design – Rs. 0.20
Crores
 Architectural Building Works – Rs.
10.37 Crores
 Proposed Entry / Exit Gates – Rs. 2.79
Crores
 Road Improvement Works – Rs. 41.70
Crores
 Potable Water Supply System – Rs.
23.57 Crores
 Stormwater Drainage System –
Rs.18.46 Crores
 Recycle Water System – Rs. 4.93
Crores
 Sewage Collection System and CETP’s
– Rs. 42.81 Crores
 Contaminated stormwater system and
CETP's – Rs. 25.35 Crores
 Firefighting network system – Rs. 2.73
Crores
 Power Supply & Distribution – Rs.
66.85 Crores
Whether detailed estimate attached? Enclosed as Annexure 9.
13. Details of revenue streams Provided as Chapter 9 - Revenue Streams.
14. Details of Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA Provided as Chapter 10 - Cost Benefit Analysis.
value)
15. Details of project risks The project has very minimal risks and detailed
are provided in Chapter 10 - Cost Benefit
Analysis.
16. Details of project management Enclosed as Figure 1-1 after end of table.
organization strategy
17. Details of contract management  During execution of the Project, Project
strategy Management Consultancy (PMC) shall act
as representatives of KINFRA for reviewing
and monitoring the progress quantity and
quality of the construction / equipment of
the Project.
 PMC shall monitor the contractual
obligations of the Contractor(s) and assist
and advise APIIC in ensuring the compliance
by the Contractor(s).
 PMC shall from time to time advise KINFRA
on fulfilment / default of the terms of the
contractual obligations by the Contractor(s)

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and review and recommend to KINFRA the

actions to be taken in each case.
 PMC shall review the drawings prepared by
the Contractor(s), to ensure the following:
 PMC shall proof check the documents &
drawings submitted by the Contractor (s)
through reputed organization(s) approved
by KINFRA and shall monitor, co-ordinate,
seek clarification, design overview.
18. Details of Project Implementation  The total time assumed for the activities is
Schedule (PIS) & Work Breakdown around 7 years till the date of commercial
Schedule (WBS) operations and a detailed project
- Proposed duration to complete the implementation schedule enclosed as
project Figure 1-2 after end of table.
19. Details of statutory clearances Environmental Clearance (EC) from Ministry of
Environment, Forest and Climate Change,
Government of India (GoI).
20. Quality Control infrastructure and The success of any projects is directly related to
mechanism the successful management of the information
and sharing of information of that project. It is
believed that it must have the systems and know
how in-house to control, co-ordinate and
communicate all aspects of the complex
information that will be required to achieve
success. A brief Outlay of Project Control
Systems is enclosed a Figure 1-3 after end of
table.
21. Operations & Maintenance (O&M) The annual operation and maintenance
arrangements of the project after expenditure on different components of the
completion project have been estimated considering the life
of the component, repair and maintenance
requirements, consumables, etc., from the
consultant’s data base. The costs are estimated
as a percentage of the capital cost (indicative)
and are as follows:
 Roads - 3%
 Power Distribution Network – 3%
 Storm Water Drainage – 3%
 Fire Fighting – 2%
 CETP and STP – 7.5%
 Effluent and Sewage Conveyance
Network – 3%
 Water Supply – 5%
 Secured Landfill – 5%
 Amenity Buildings – 2%
 Street Lighting – 3%
 Logistics and Packaging Complex – 3%
 Green Belt and Landscaping – 3%

22. Details of attached drawings Enclosed Annexure 10.

23. Other attachments Enclosed as Annexure 1 to Annexure 8.

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Figure 1-1: Project Management Organisation Strategy

Figure 1-2: Implementation Schedule

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Figure 1-3: Brief Outlay of Project Control Systems

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2. Executive Summary
2.1. Introduction
Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (KINFRA) is a statutory body formed
by the Government of Kerala in 1993, by an act of state legislature for facilitating the
development of industrial infrastructure in the State. KINFRA has played a pioneer role in
developing industrial infrastructure in the State of Kerala. KINFRA has a very successful track
record in setting up 22 industrial parks across Kerala for facilitating development of the
industry in the State.
KINFRA intends to develop a Petrochemical Park of international standards at Ambalamughal,
Ernakulum District, Kerala. The project is intended to create an Industrial Park with all modern
facilities exclusive for the Petrochemical Industry. The Petrochemical Park is proposed to be
established in approximately 489.46 acres of land in FACT premises at Ambalamughal, Kochi.
This land already has near to it, a large refinery, fertiliser and chemical factories, LNG Terminal
and Gas Pipeline Network being established, a Bulk Terminal and International Container
Transhipment Terminal (ICTT). The proposal assumes significance in view of the expansion
proposal of BPCL, nearness to the Port and Natural Gas infrastructure at the location. The
industrial units in the park will be provided with all infrastructure facilities.
Voyants Solutions Private Limited (VSPL)., India, has been appointed by KINFRA to prepare a
Detailed Project Report (DPR) for Petrochemical Industrial Park at Ambalamughal in
Ernakulum District, Kochi, Kerala.

2.2. Demand Analysis

The Petrochemical feedstock that is most likely to be made available from BPCL Kochi and
neighbourhood will include the following products as illustrated in below Table.
Table 2-1: Likely available Feedstock in the Catchment area-Kochi Park
2019 - 2022 Propylene; Iso butylene; n Butene; Toluene; Benzene; MTO, Acrylic
Acid; Butanol/Iso butanol; 2 Ethyl Hexanol; Butyl Acrylate; 2 Ethyl-
Hexyl Acrylates; Ethylene; EO; MEG, Phenol/Acetone, Caprolactams
and other BPCL refinery by products.
2022 Onwards SAP, Propylene Oxide; Propylene Glycol; Polyol Ethers;
In addition, Kochi Port offers scope for easy imports of several other chemicals and
Petrochemicals from cost effective region of Middle East for subsequent value addition.
Table 2-2: Potential Project Opportunities based on available feedstock in the Catchment area

Broad category Basic Feedstock Likely focus / target products

Epichlorohydrine (ECH); Iso Propyl
Propylene
Alcohol (IPA); EPDM;
Polyisobutylene (PIB); Alkyl Phenols;
Iso Butylene
Methacrylic Acid (MAA); Butylated

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PETROCHEMICAL Hydroxytoluene (BHT), butyl rubber,

INTERMEDIATES Isoprene

N butene Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)

Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) / Vinyl
Ethylene
Acetate Ethylene (VAE); VCM; EPDM.
Ethanol Amines/ Glycol Ethers /
Ethylene Oxide
Ethylene carbonate;
MEG PET Chips
Iso-propanol amine/ Propylene Glycol
Propylene Oxide
ethers/ Propylene Carbonate;
Butanol/Iso butanol Butyl Acetate/ Iso butane acetate;
Caprolactum Nylon 6 resin
Acrylic Acid, Iso Personal care ingredients, Polymer
Butylene, Acrylates, additives, Resins, Water chemicals,
SPECIALITY
Oxo Alcohol, EO, PO, Textile chemicals, Construction
CHEMICALS
PG etc. chemicals, Surfactants, Flavor and
Fragrances.
API grade Toluene,
DRUGS &
Benzene, Iso butylene Range of APIs, drugs and formulations
PHARMACEUTICALS
and other solvents.
Acrylates, Oxo Adhesives & Sealants, Paints, Coatings
alcohols, Acrylic acid, and emulsions, Lacquers, Inks,
END PRODUCTS Butyl acetate, Polyol Polyurethane Components, SAP Based
ethers, SAP, Nylon /PET Hygiene Products, Tyre cords, PET
chips etc. Products etc.
Packaging materials-Bags, Drums,
Cans, Carboys, etc besides other
ANCILLARY AND
related industries that can use the
ALLIED INDUSTRIES
infrastructure and services at the
location.
Source: Expert Assessment
Table 2-3: Accessible market Potential of Land for KINFRA Park for target industry (Year 2017-27)

Accessible Plotted area for KINFRA park - Most likely

Acres accessible
India
Plotted Land
Product Category potential - Based on Accessible Based on Area for KINFRA
Acres Market-Acres Accessible Feed Park (Acres)
(% share) Stock-Acres

Intermediates 938 938 (100%) 135 135

Specialty
1600 512(32%) 350 350
chemicals

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Drugs (APIs) &

3750 190 (5%) 190* 190
Pharmaceuticals

End Products

Paints/Inks and
530 27 (5%) 95 95
adhesives

PU /Nylon
600 192 (32%) 200 200
Components

SAP based
300 96 (32%) 90 90
Hygiene products

TOTAL-Acres 1430 1955 (25%) 1060 1060

Source: Accessible markets based on Consultant’s assessment as described in the explanation above.

The total land area of the Park is 489.46 acres. Excluding the 15.34 acres of land area for the
Road, the available land for the Park is 474.12 acres. Out of this BPCL will be allocated 150
acres land for their future projects. Accordingly, the balance land available with KINFRA to
carve out plots will be 304.12 acres. According to master plan the plotted land available in
KINFRA Petro Park is 206 acres (both for utilities and manufacturing units). The Plotted land
allocated for manufacturing units in targeted Petrochemicals and chemicals is 184 acres which
is around 17% of the total Land market accessible of 1060 acres.
Table 2-4: Plotted Land Allocation by Product Categories – KINFRA Park (Acres)

Now Till 5 Next 5

Product Category Years Years Total Plot Sizes (Acres)
2019-2022 2023++

Intermediate Chemicals 70 25 95 10/15

Specialty Chemicals 32 8 40

Pharmaceutical APIs 30 0 30

End Products Paints /

26 0 26
Adhesives / Inks 1/2/5/10/15

 End Products Based on

Polyurethane and Super
- 10 10
Absorbent Polymer
(SAP)

Ancillary / Support Units 2 2 1/2

 CETP (5)
Common Facilities 15 15  Central Utilities and
Water supply (2)

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 Technical centre &

Administration (2)
 Warehouse,
Logistics and
trading Hub
including Parking
(6)

TOTAL 175 43 218

Source: Consultant’s assessment as per explanation above

2.3. Site Master Plan

The zoning of the area is prepared mainly on the basis of product/ activity mix. The
petrochemical park has designated zones based on its environmental impact and existing site
features for optimization of resources. Zoning also considers simplification during execution
and to enhance revenue generation potential. The zoning is based on the following features:
 Polluting industries are located away from water bodies.
 To protect water bodies a required green buffer is proposed along the lake and river.
 The utilities are proposed as per the topography of the site.
 Green open areas are proposed over the wet land to restrict construction of buildings.
 Common facilities like technical centre is proposed near entry point so it is easily
accessible by surrounding residents also.
 Proper planning of Entry/Exit is essential for effective functioning of the Industrial
Park. The primary access to the site has been defined from Thripunithura Karimughal
road which runs along southern boundary of site.
 In the petrochemical park the strategy for evacuation in the light of the risk
assessment and other precautions is necessary. To ensure the safety of workers
emergency Entry and Exit have been provided which shall be used at the time of
accidents, emergency or disaster.
 The circulation for the site has been planned according to the topography of the site.
The right of way will also incorporate the special requirement of all proposed
infrastructure services like water, sewage, power, telecom, gas etc.
 Considering the future goods and passenger traffic, the existing FACT road which
starts from Kakkanad Karimughal road will be widened to 24 mt upto A2 and further
it will be widened to 22 mt. to allow smooth and continuous movement of traffic.
 The proposed roads in Petrochemical Park have been planned in hierarchy depending
on the traffic volume expected.
 The predominant land use within the master plan is industrial. Supporting land uses
like logistics, utility and facilities constitute an important part of the development.

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Table 2-5: Proposed Land Use Break up for Entire Project Site Area
S. No Land Use Area in Sq. Mt Area in Ac. % of Total
Area
1 Petrochemical Plots 630862.06 155.889426 51.26%
2 Pharma Plots 116961.19 28.9017425 9.50%
3 Utilities / Amenities 69792.97 17.2462203 5.67%
4 Truck Terminal Warehouse 19711.23 4.87075152 1.60%
5 Road & Utility Corridor 113716.9157 28.1000648 9.24%
6 GREEN * 279685.481 69.1117947 22.73%
7 Sub Total 1230729.847 304.12 100.00%
8 Proposed for BPCL Plots 687965.52 170
Total 1918695.367 474.12
FACT Road 62078.8 15.34
Grand Total Site Area 1980774.167 489.46
*In addition, 10.27% of net industrial plotted area will be developed as green belt within the industrial
units.

2.4. Infrastructure Demand Assessment

 Process water demand – 10.44 MLD
 Required Horticulture and AC Cooling Demand – 3.15 MLD
 Quantity of wastewater generation estimated - 4.44 MLD.
 Estimated sewage flow (Average daily flow) – 0.27 MLD
 Number of CETP’s proposed – 2
 Expected hazardous waste generation – 81.78 TPD and MSW – 0.99 TPD
 Total power load of the project area (319.46 acre) is 33.36 MVA without considering
BPCL Kochi Refineries (170 Acre).

2.5. Project Cost Estimate

The cost estimation is carried out taking into consideration the latest available Delhi Schedule
of Rates (SOR-2016) and Ernakulam cost index also added to SOR-2016. Wherever the rates
are not listed in the scheduled of rates for specific items in such case, the rates available from
the market and in-house data base have been considered for the purpose of estimation.
 Site Grading and Levelling
The existing topography of the project site has the features of undulating terrain. The site
proposed to be graded that the drainage and effluent network can be laid taking the
advantage of the natural topography. The cost estimates under this head covers site clearance
of site area wherever major contour variations come, earth work excavation and filling,
levelling etc.
The site development cost is estimated at Rs. 28.47 Crores.
 Boundary and Retaining Walls
The project area shall be fully secured by boundary wall and also with chain links fencing at
Ambalambedu lake sides and western sides of the project boundaries.

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The cost of providing the boundary wall including chain link fencing is estimated at Rs.4.80
Crores and cost for retaining wall is estimated at Rs. 43.95 crores.

 Road Works, Signages and Junctions

The cost estimates for all the roads proposed in the project area cover the following:
 Earthwork in excavation
 Construction of subgrade, earthen shoulder and kerb, Laying of granular sub-base etc.
 Traffic Signs, Marking and Appurtenances
 Junction development’s

The total cost estimates for the Development of Road works is estimated at Rs. 40.88 crores,
Junction’s development is estimated at Rs. 0.34 crores and traffic signs and markings are
estimated at Rs. 0.48 Crores.
 Power Supply and Distribution
Along the RoW of internal roads, an underground power distribution network is proposed for
the project and the total cost of providing the power distribution network including
substations is about Rs.61.16 Crores and its including development of telecommunication
networks.
It is proposed to provide street lighting along the roads within the project. The cost of street
lighting system for the project is estimated to be Rs.5.69 Crores.
 Water Supply, Treatment and Distribution Network
The cost for the proposed water supply, storage and distribution network including
firefighting system is estimated at Rs.23.57 Crores.
 Stormwater Drainage
Storm water drains of various sizes are proposed in the storm water drainage network system.
The cost of the storm water drainage system for the project is estimated at Rs.18.46 Crores.
 Recycle Water System
The cost for recycle water inclusive of Earthwork excavation, laying pipes, thrust blocks,
specials, sump, pumping system etc., is estimated at Rs. 4.93 Crores.
 Effluent and Sewage Collection System
The cost for effluent and sewage collection which is inclusive of including mechanical and
electrical works is estimated is Rs. 42.81 crores including construction of 5 MLD capacities of
CETP’s.
 Contaminated Storm Water System
The cost for contaminated Storm water network system including pumping mains, CETP’s is
estimated as Rs. 25.35 Crores.
 Firefighting System
The cost for development of firefighting networks is estimated as Rs. 2.73 Crores.
 Solid Waste Management
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The hazardous waste of units inside the petrochemical park can be treated at existing TSDF
and only need to provide a 5-10 industrial dustbins here the cost for establishing the solid
waste management system within the site works out to be Rs. 0.07 Crores.
 Landscaping
Green belt is proposed at required places within the project site. In addition, landscaping is
proposed in the traffic islands to improve the aesthetics of the project site. Trees shall be
planted all along the road and the development of the same is proposed to be in the scope of
developer.
The total cost for development of green belt and landscaping works out to Rs.0.20 Crores.
 Buildings
The cost of common and amenity buildings viz., admin building (G+1), Cantin (G), R&D Lab
(G+1), and 2 warehouses (G) are estimated at Rs. 10.37 Crores.
 Proposed Entry / Exit Gates
There are five entry / exit gates were proposed for petrochemical industrial park and the cost
for the development of proposed entry / exit gates is estimated at Rs. 2.79 Crores.
 Summary of Project Cost
The estimated project cost for the development of petrochemical park is around Rs.317
Crores and the summary of project cost is shown in the below table and cost estimates is
exclusive of all the taxes and levies.
Table 2-6: Summary of Project Cost Estimates
S. Project Component Total Cost as per DPR Amount in % Age of
No. Rs. Crores Total
(Amount in Rs. Lakhs) Cost
1 Site Levelling & Grading Works 28,46,90,115 28.47 8.98
2 Boundary Walls and Retaining Wall 48,74,19,858 48.74 15.38
3 Landscaping and Design 20,06,655 0.20 0.06
4 Architectural Building Works 10,36,84,602 10.37 3.27
5 Proposed Entry / Exit Gates 2,79,16,598 2.79 0.88
6 Road Improvement Works 41,69,75,845 41.70 13.16
7 Potable Water Supply System 23,56,74,180 23.57 7.44
8 Stormwater Drainage System 18,45,63,864 18.46 5.82
9 Recycle Water System 4,93,01,180 4.93 1.56
10 Sewage Collection System & CETPs 42,80,55,224 42.81 13.50
11 Contaminated stormwater system & CETPs 25,34,86,393 25.35 8.00
12 Firefighting network system 2,73,36,062 2.73 0.86
13 Power Supply & Distribution 66,85,39,222 66.85 21.09
TOTAL COSTS 3,16,96,49,799 316.96 100
Source: Voyants Analysis.
The annual operation and maintenance expenditure on different components of the project
have been estimated considering the life of the component, repair and maintenance

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requirements, consumables, etc., from the consultant’s data base. The costs are estimated as
a percentage of the capital cost (indicative) and are as follows:
 Roads - 3%
 Power Distribution Network – 3%
 Storm Water Drainage – 3%
 Fire Fighting – 2%
 CETP and STP – 7.5%
 Effluent and Sewage Conveyance Network – 3%
 Water Supply – 5%
 Secured Landfill – 5%
 Amenity Buildings – 2%
 Street Lighting – 3%
 Logistics and Packaging Complex – 3%
 Green Belt and Landscaping – 3%

2.6. Environmental Impact Assessment

A detailed environmental impact assessment has been carried out for the project site. The
impacts that would arise after the complete functioning of the Petrochemical Park has been
explained in Chapter 11. The project attracts activity 7 (c) Industrial estates/parks/ complexes/
areas of schedule of EIA notification, 2006 (as amended).

2.7. Project Viability and Sensitivity

The Government of Kerala through an MOU decided to buy land from FACT for a tract of
481.79 Acres at a cost of Rs. 977.47 Crore (Extracted from the MOU and enclosed in
Annexure). This land will be made available to KINFRA to take advantage of BPCL expansion
program of developing Propylene Derivatives Petrochemical Project (PDPP) by setting up
downstream Petrochemical Park to use the feedstock from the project.
KINFRA to facilitate BPCL their expansion program will part with 170 acres of land leaving
behind 311.79 Acres for KINFRA to develop their Petrochemical Park.
The park development is expected to incur cost in addition to land including land
development, Basic Development Cost, Preliminary & Preoperative Cost and establishing
utility support will be Rs. 332.46 Crore.
Table 2-7: Overall Development Cost
Development Elements Rs. Crores

Preliminary & Preoperative Cost 2.00

Basic Development Cost 152.24

Essential Services Cost 157.83

Contingency (5%) 15.50

Project Management services (1.5%) 4.89

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Overall Development Cost 332.46

Source: Voyants Analysis and Client Inputs

2.7.1. Project Financing

The financing of the project will be met through Government of Kerala procuring and handing
over the land to KINFRA and KINFRA in turn with its involvement and development sell 170
Acres to BPCL at a cost of Rs. 400 Crore which will then fund the development of the Park. In
addition, the project will receive Rs. 11.25 Crore for establishing a %MLD CETP (ZLD) from the
Government of India.

2.7.2. Park Revenues

The revenues for the project will emanate from sale of land to BPL, leasing of developed land
to investors, supply of utilities and other services.
A. Sale to BPCL
The KINFRA Petrochemical Park envisaged a considerable parcel of land to be reserved for
BPCL activities, which will feed its feedstock to the downstream manufacturers in the Park.
The park planned earmarked a large parcel of land in the middle flanked by prospective
downstream units and effectively connected with external road developed for the park. BPCL
activity will be the first tenant for the park having a plot of 170 Acres. KINFRA will sell the land
to BPCL at a virtual cost price. A total of Rs. 400 Crores will be the cost of the land.
B. Revenues from pay per use of utilities
I. Power

The power will be obtained from Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) and will be distributed
to all the tenants according to their needs at Rs. 5.80 per unit.
II. Water

The potable water will be obtained from the same source of BPCL and distribute water to its
tenants. at Rs. 70 per kilolitre.
III. Waste Water Treatment and Recycling of Water

A Central effluent Treatment plant (CETP) with zero liquid discharge technology (ZLD) will be
set up as per the needs of environment board. The tenants will be levied Rs. 110 per kilolitre.
C. Operations & Maintenance Fee
This cost is applicable for maintaining the park estate including the roads (Both Internal &
External), the park terrain, gardens, Administration and & amenities. A flat O&M fee of Rs. 4.5
Lakhs per acre per year will be levied to the tenants.
D. Plot Pricing
The following pricing is proposed to ensure low component of land cost (6.5%) in investment
and gradually pay for the land use with their earnings (.2% of turnover).
 The land will be made available in the park on a lease renewable every 30 years. The
land ownership will be with KINFRA. The total land for lease will be 189 acres.

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 A onetime Rs. 1.5 Crore per acre will be levied as lease premium.
 Every year a lease rental equivalent to 5% of the cost of the land will be payable
annually. (Rs. 30 Lakh per acre on a developed land price of Rs. 6.0 Crore).

2.7.3. Expenses
The expenses will be in terms of Operations & Maintenance of the utilities and estate, the
depreciation and income tax component.
a. Market Development
An amount of 80 lakhs annually will have to be the budget for the campaign annually for the
first 6 years
b. O&M expenses
A 5% is levied on all utility infrastructure (Power, Water and effluent treatment) and 3% on
roads, structures (Gates & Boundary Wall/Fencing), Administration Building and Estate on the
Capital Cost annually.
c. Depreciation
40% depreciation has been considered on written down value for all utilities, roads, building
and structures as applicable under the law.
d. Income Tax
A flat tax of 25% is levied along with a cess component of 15% amounting to 28.75%.
e. Escalation
A 6% escalation is likely both on the revenue as well on the expense side. This does not affect
while assessing the Internal Rate of Return and Net present value.

2.7.4. Project Viability

The project is more than viable. The IRR is around 9% before tax and virtually 6% after tax
considering overall investment of land and development cost. The viability will be more than
healthy considering the tangible benefit the project will provide in terms of tax earnings,
employment investment, and contribution to GDP. The cash flow generated from the project
effectively pays back the Government Exchequer the entire funding provided in term so land
to the Park.
The critical part in the success of the project solely rests on investors choosing to set up
business in the park. The delay in land absorption and to a large extent be mitigated by
Lengthening the development timeline. An initial cost of developing the external connectivity,
which any way will be required by BPCL, will be the only cost. The development priorities can
be shifted especially the boundary fencing and accent should be more towards land levelling
and grading. The park will not meet any real risk.
The park will not meet any real risk.

2.7.5. Economic Cost benefit analysis

a. Impact
The park will have great impact to Kerala GDP and finances along with generating employment
and becoming a mini petrochemical hub in the nation. The park impact in particular will have
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on import substitution and promote make in India as well ensure with the installation of zero
liquid discharge and recycling waste water precious water resource is conserved. The park
performance has considerable benefits and it outweighs the cost element multi-folds as is
clear in subsequent discussion.
Table 2-8: Impact of Petrochemical Park Usage
Particulars Unit Realisation
Area Usage Acres 189
Tonnage Produced Metric Tons 633400
Turnover Rs. Crore 9316
Import Substitution % 50%
Investment Rs. Crore 3988
Connected Power Load KVA 62110
Fresh water usage KLD 2100
Recycled Water Usage KLD 4410
GST earned for State (42%) Rs. Crore 700
Employment - Direct Numbers 3200
Employment - Indirect Numbers 4800

b. Benefits
The benefits in Rupee equivalent the project will generate to State of Kerala will be in terms
of Employment, tax Collection, Import Substitution and contribution to GDP.
Table 2-9: Annual Benefits of Proposed Project
Particulars Annual Benefits
(Rs.Crore )
TANGIBLE BENEFITS
Import Substitution (5% of 50% of turnover) 230
Saving in water with installation of Zero Liquid Discharge system 6
Direct Employment – New Wages 465
Indirect Employment – New Wages 70
Generation of taxes (42% of GST earned) 700
Total annual tangible Benefits 1471
INTANGIBLE BENEFITS
Contribution to State GDP 3,725
Creating a Chemical Hub -
c. Costs

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The costs are in terms of land provided by the state and initial fund for development only. The
development cost of the project is completely recovered in three years and the land cost is
recovered in around 13 years with lease premium and lease rentals.
The annual tangible benefits are itself more than the overall project cost (Land + Development
cost), if you consider the intangible benefits it presents an excellent cost benefit.
d. Benefit / Cost Analysis
The cost benefit ratio is very healthy at all possible discount levels. The project is more than
viable.
Table 2-10: Cost Benefit Ratio of Proposed Petrochemical Park
Discounting rate (%)
Costs & Benefits
12% 10% 8% 6%
BENEFITS (Rs. Crore)
10 Years 4272 4812 5441 6178

15 years 6058 7060 8286 9796

20 Years 7071 8456 10222 12500

COSTS (Rs. Crore)
948 954 959 965
COST BENEFIT RATIO
10 Years 4.51 5.04 5.67 6.40

15 years 6.39 7.40 8.64 10.15

20 Years 7.46 8.86 10.66 12.95

Source: Voyants Analysis

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3. Introduction
3.1. Project Background
Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (KINFRA) is a statutory body formed
by the Government of Kerala in 1993, by an act of state legislature for facilitating the
development of industrial infrastructure in the State. KINFRA has played a pioneer role in
developing industrial infrastructure in the State of Kerala. KINFRA has a very successful track
record in setting up 22 industrial parks across Kerala for facilitating development of the
industry in the State.
KINFRA intends to develop a Petrochemical Park of international standards at Ambalamughal,
Ernakulum District, Kerala. The project is intended to create an Industrial Park with all modern
facilities exclusive for the Petrochemical Industry. The Petrochemical Park is proposed to be
established in approximately 489.46 acres of land in FACT premises at Ambalamughal, Kochi.
This land already has near to it, a large refinery, fertiliser and chemical factories, LNG Terminal
and Gas Pipeline Network being established, a Bulk Terminal and International Container
Transhipment Terminal (ICTT). The proposal assumes significance in view of the expansion
proposal of BPCL, nearness to the Port and Natural Gas infrastructure at the location. The
industrial units in the park will be provided with all infrastructure facilities.
The Industrial Park location is presented as below figure.
The proposed components of the project broadly are:
A. Common Infrastructure Facilities
a. Internal Roads, culverts and drainage
b. Water supply and distribution including water treatment plant.
c. Dedicated Sub-station and Power Distribution System
d. Street lighting
e. Telecom and Communication systems
f. Sewerage network
g. Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) for Industrial Wastewater treatment;
i. Rainwater harvesting
j. Greenery etc.
B. Social Amenities
a. Canteen
b. Clinic
c. Recreational facilities
d. Bank / ATM
e. Logistics movement support etc.

Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd., India, has been appointed by KINFRA to prepare a Detailed Project
Report (DPR) for Petrochemical Industrial Park at Ambalamughal in Ernakulum District, Kochi,
Kerala.

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3.2. Scope of Study

The broad scope of work includes comprehensive study of existing situation in terms of site
conditions, connectivity, infrastructure provision as a whole and review of documents, maps,
proposals (if any), reconnaissance survey and discussions with officials of KINFRA.
Where the services shall broadly include:
• Site Analysis
• Surveys and Investigations (topographic survey and soil investigations)
• Market Study and Demand Assessment
• Master Plan for the site based on broad concept design and cost in consultation with
KINFRA
• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
• Preparation of Preliminary Engineering Drawings and Cost Estimate
• External Infrastructure Assessment
• Preparation of Detailed Engineering Drawings and Cost Estimates
• Financial Viability Analysis
• Tender Documents
• Implementation Schedule
• Project Management Organization
• Contract Management Strategy
• Quality Management Plan and
• Operation and Maintenance Plan

3.3. Objective of the Project

The objectives of the proposed development are to make PETROCHEMICAL PARK at
Ambalamughal (Kochi) a world class investment destination in Kerala for chemical, Petro-
chemical service companies with an idea
 To provide a world class quality infrastructure and common facilities centre to reduce
the disabilities faced by domestic manufacturers and allow them to go for higher
value addition products
 To provide attractive built environment of international standards,
 To create new industrial employment opportunities
 To create an efficient transportation system integrated with surrounding
development
 To create a sustainable community with green environment
 To optimize on land use efficiency and to utilize modular parcellation layouts so as to
cater to different and diverse market needs

3.4. Regional Setting

3.4.1. Regional Location
The proposed Petrochemical Industrial Park is located at Ambalamughal, in Ernakulum district
of Kerala state. Out of the 14 districts lying in Kerala, Ernakulam spans over an area of about
3,068 km2, Ernakulam district is home to over 12% of Kerala’s population. The district is bound

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by Trichur district on the north, Idukki on the east and south east, Kottayam and Alappuzha
districts on the south and the Lakshadweep Sea on the west. It lies between North latitudes
090 47’ 13” and 100 10’44” and East longitudes 760 10’ 05” and 770 05’ 24. The Muvattupuzha
River and a branch of Chalakkudy River flow through the district.
The district headquarters is located at Kakkanad, a suburb of Kochi city. It is known as the
commercial capital of Kerala as it is the most industrially advanced and flourishing district of
Kerala compared to the other districts. Ernakulam district also hosts the highest number of
international and domestic tourists in Kerala state. The district has a moderate climate, and
mostly falls within the Malabar Coast moist forests eco region, while the highlands are part of
the South-Western Ghats moist deciduous forests eco region. Cochin International Airport is
located in northern part of the district at Nedumbasheri village in Angamaly. Owing to the
international airport, water ways, railways, and road ways, Ernakulam is one of the most
connected districts in the state.

NORTH PARAVUR

2
PERIYAR NAGAR

PROPOSED SITE
KAKKANAD

ERNAKULAM

MUVATTUPUZHA
3

KOCHI
ERNAKULAM RAILWAY STATION 1
LEGEND

COCHIN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT 2

1 N KOCHI PORT 3
MAJOR CITIES

Figure 3-1: Location Map of Ernakulam District and Project Site

Source: Voyants, using base data from Google Earth
Table 3-1: Kerala State Profile
State Kerala
Capital Thiruvananthapuram
Land and Climate Geographical Area 38,863
(sq.km)
Climate Winter (December to February), Summer
(February to May), South West Monsoon (May to
June), North East Monsoon (October to December)
Average Annual Rainfall 3107 mm
Coastal Line 590 km
Number of districts 14
Number of taluks 63
Number of villages 1018

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Number of Statutory Towns 59

Number of Census Towns 461
Number of Block Panchayats 152
Number of Gram Panchayats 978
Number of Municipalities 60
Number of Corporations 5
People
Main religion Hinduism, Islam, Christianity
State Language Malayalam
Population 333.88 lakhs (2.76 % of population of India)
Male population 160.21 lakh (47.98%)
Female Population 173.67 lakhs (52.02%)
Sex Ratio 1084:1000
Population Below poverty line 38.06 lakhs (11.04% of State population)
Decadal Growth Rate of population 4.86 % (National level- 17.64%)
Population Density 859 persons/ sq.km (National
Average – 382 persons/sq.km)
Literacy Level 93.91% (National level – 74.04%)
Net Per capita income (At Current Prices Rs. 99,977/- (India – Rs. 67,839)
as at 2012-13)
Human Development Index All India ranked one
Highest Populated District Malappuram
Lowest populated District Wayanad
Largest District Idukki
Smallest District Alappuzha
Longest river Periyar
Highest peak Anamudi
Largest Lake Vembanadu Lake
Source: Census of India, 2011

3.4.2. Regional Connectivity

The region is very well developed in terms of connectivity through road, rail and air with major
urban centres and transportation gateways. There are three major national highways which
pass through the region - the Cochin-Mumbai Highway (NH 66), Salem-Kanyakumari (NH 544
part of NSEW corridor) and Cochin-Dhanushkodi highway (NH-87). Kochi is the closest
metropolitan city with major seaport, freight handling facilities and international airport and
cargo facilities.

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NORTH PARAVUR

2
PERIYAR NAGAR

PROPOSED SITE
KAKKANAD

ERNAKULAM

NH 85 MUVATTUPUZHA
3

KOCHI 10 KM

1
20 KM

30 KM

ERNAKULAM RAILWAY STATION 1

LEGEND
COCHIN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT 2
N KOCHI PORT 3
MAJOR CITIES

Figure 3-2: Regional Location and Connectivity Map of the proposed site
Source: Voyants using base data from Google Earth

3.4.3. Regional Profile

Ernakulam is the third highest populated district of Kerala with a population of 32,79,860.

4,500,000
Population (in lakh)

4,000,000
3,500,000
3,000,000
2,500,000
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
500,000
0

Districts

Population Census 1991 Population Census 2001 Population Census 2011

Figure 3-3: Kerala District Wise Population – Census 2011

Source: Census 2011 and http://www.citypopulation.de/php/india-kerala.php

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3.4.4. Key Takeaways - Regional Context

• Petrochemical Park site is well connected to major urban centers like Kochi, Ernakulam,
Thiruvananthapuram, Madurai, Bangalore etc., in the region.
• A number of external infrastructure projects like Kochi Smart City, Kochi Metro Rail,
LNG terminal, Gas Pipe line from Kochi to Bangalore via Palakkad etc., are in the pipeline
and under various stages of implementation.
• The site is within the influence region of the proposed Cochin-Coimbatore Industrial
Corridor (CCIC) and Kochi-Palakkad National Investment and Manufacturing Zone
(NIMZ) which will open up more opportunities in the manufacturing sector and enable
the state to pursue a more holistic approach to industrial growth.
• Site is located 30 minutes from Kochi Port which provides the premier port gateway to
South India having strong port infrastructure and the largest (and India’s first) global
hub terminal – the International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT) at
Vallarpadam.
• Site is located 1 hour from Cochin International Airport Ltd (CIAL) which is the nearest
international airport and cargo airport.
• The upgradation of the Cochin International Airport with a built-up space of 15,00,000
sq. ft. to handle 4,000 passengers per hour will further boost competitiveness of the
petrochemical hub. The increased international connectivity will also pave the way for
global companies and cargo-based businesses to deploy and expand operations nearby.

3.5. Site Analysis

3.5.1. Site location
It is an industrial area of approximately 1600 acres original with FACT, further allocated to
FRBL, KEIL, M/s. BPCL Petroleum Complex and KINFRA Petrochemical Park 489.46 acres. Main
access road provides an entry to their institution.
The site for the Petrochemical Industrial Park is located in an area of approx. 489.46 acres at
Ambalamughal of Ernakulam district. Ambalamughal is a small township adjacent to the city
of Kochi in Kerala. It comes under Puthencruz Panchayat. It belongs to Central Kerala Division.
It is located 14 km towards east from District headquarters Kakkanad, 10 km from Vadavucode
Puthencruz and 206 km from State capital Thiruvananthapuram. It is a heavily industrial area
and surrounded by a large refinery, fertiliser and chemical factories, LNG Terminal and Gas
Pipeline Network being established, a Bulk Terminal and International Container
Transhipment Terminal (ICTT).

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Figure 3-4: Map Showing nearby Settlements to Project Site

Source: http://www.citypopulation.de/php/india-kerala.php

3.5.2. Site Connectivity

The project site area is located at a distance of 16 km from Kochi and 35 km from Cochin
International Airport and with excellent connectivity through road, rail and air.
 Rail Connectivity: The nearest main railway station is at Ernakulam at a distance of 15 km
from the project site and a minor railway station is at Thripunithura at a distance of 4 km
from the project site area.
 Road Connectivity: Site is located at about 10 km to the NH-544 and 4 km from Kochi-
Madurai Dhanushkodi Road.
 Air Connectivity: The nearest international airport to the project site is Cochin
International Airport at Nedumbassery. It is located to the north of the project area at a
distance of 31 km by road.
 Sea Port: The nearest major port is Cochin Port at a distance of 15 km from the project
site area.

3.5.3. Site Surroundings

The Consultant carried out preliminary site inspection to gain first-hand knowledge of the site
condition and context. The Kochi Refinery, a unit of Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
(BPCL-KR), is situated south of the proposed project site. The industrial plant of the Fertilizers
and Chemicals Travancore Limited (FACT) is also located adjacent to the Kochi Refinery. These
petrochemical industrial units will provide a huge potential for establishment of domestic and
export led production facilities for Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemicals at the proposed
Petrochemical Park. The following figures provide a detailed picture of the proposed site
surroundings and its environs.

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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Figure 3-5: Site Surroundings

Source: Voyants using base data from Google Earth

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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Figure 3-6: Pictorial illustrations of the proposed project site region and environs
Source: Voyants based on Google images

3.5.4. Approach and Access

Present access to the proposed Petrochemical Park is through Kakkanad Karimughal road
abutting north eastern side and through Thripunithura Karimughal Road running along the
south eastern side. Both the roads are metalled approach roads to the project site. The

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Kakkanad Karimughal road is further connected to the FACT Road which runs inside the site
and also acts as the major access to and from the site.

3.5.5. Shape and Size

The proposed site for Petrochemical Park has an irregular shape which is not contiguous and
almost serpentile in profile. There are five separate parcels of land that forms the site. The
major access FACT road divides the site into two land parcels A1 and A2 which measures a
length of approximately 559 m (0.56 km) and 1449 m (1.45 km) in length respectively. The A4
land parcel is “L shaped” and its longest side measures approximately 1635 m (1.63 km). A6
and A7 land parcels are asymmetrical in shape which measures 745 m (0.74 km) and 101 m
(0.1 km) respectively.

Figure 3-7: Site Dimensions of Petrochemical Park

3.5.6. Site Topography

The initial observations covering land use, terrain, existing features etc., of the project site
area are listed below:
 Approximately 489.46 acres of land in FACT premises at Ambalamughal.
 Predominant geology of the project region is coastal alluvium, riverine alluvium, brown
hydromorphic soil and lateritic soil.
 Terrain of the site is plain with slightly rolling terrain towards eastern side and western
side.
 Site has low lying area towards west and northwest directions.
 Land use of the project is predominantly tree plantations, bushes, vegetation etc.
 Inside the site there is a cemetery, sewage pond and HT lines passes through the site.
 River Chithra Puzha flows in close proximity to the western boundary of the site and at
the eastern side there is Ambalamedu Lake.
 Site is surrounded by land owned by industries like BPCL, KEIL and FACT.
 Also, the project site falls at Seismic Zone – III (as per IS-1893, Part III: 2002).

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3.5.7. Climate
The proposed site features a tropical monsoon climate with annual temperatures range
between 23°C to 31°C (73°F to 88°F) and average annual rainfall is 2,978 mm (117.24 in)
primarily during the period from June to September.
The predominant flow of wind in the region is from South-west to North-east direction.

3.5.8. Elevation
Being a coastal district majority of the Kochi region is within the low land regions of the state.
The average altitude towards the eastern fringes is about 7.5 m above MSL1, and towards the
west the altitude is less than one metre on an average. The whole of the land slopes gradually
from east to west.
The site is undulating and ground elevation in the project area varies from a maximum of
49.79 m to -2m. The central part is at higher elevation than the rest of the site. The total
elevation difference between the highest and lowest points of the site is 51.79 m. The highest
point 49.79 meters lies on the central location of the site while the lowest elevation of -2.00
meters is towards the river edge of the site.

Figure 3-8: Elevation Analysis of Petrochemical Park

1
Source: Development Plan for Kochi City Region – 2031.
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Figure 3-9: Site Profile

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3.5.9. Slope
The site gradually slopes towards the Chithra Puzha River. Approximately 88.3% of the site
area is under slope ranging between 0° to 15° which indicates that site is buildable. 10% of
the total site area has slope between 15° to 30° and only 1.7% of land is under slope greater
than 30° which is not buildable.

Figure 3-10: Slope Analysis of Petrochemical Park

3.5.10. Drainage
The major drainage features in the area are Chithra Puzha River which flows in close proximity
to the western boundary of the site and Ambalamedu Lake in the eastern side of the site.
There natural drainage of the site is from east to west towards the Chithra Puzha River. Due
to the topography of site there is a low-lying area at the west side of the site.

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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Figure 3-11: Drainage Features at Petrochemical Park

3.5.11. Land Details

As per the terms of reference for the project, the Petrochemical Park is proposed to come up
on 489.46 acres of land identified by KINFRA. The project area falls within two Taluks namely
Kunnathunad and Kanayannur of Ernakulam district. The site comprises of two villages namely
Puthencruz and Thiruvamkulam of Kunnatunadu and Kanayannur Taluks respectively.
Table 3-2: Land Details at Project Vicinity
Name Type Land Owner Area
in Hectare in Acre
A1 Govt. of Kerala 60.89 150.47
A2 64.66 159.79
A3 Catchment area 19.02 47.00
A4 Low lying and dry 55.97 138.30
A6 18.15 44.84
A7 Thiruvamkulam village 0.87 2.16
A8 River portion converted 2.28 5.64
Total 221.85 548.20
B1 Low lying and dry Bharat Petroleum 40.44 99.94
B2 Corporation Ltd. (BPCL) 14.82 36.62
B3 1.75 4.33
B4 2.13 5.269
B5 Jetty 2.43 6.00
B6 Low lying 3.64 8.99
B7 School 2.02 5.00
Total 67.24 166.15
C KEIL 2.37 50.34
D Gypsum Dump Hill 23.85 58.94
E FRBL 4.45 11.00
F Sewage Treatment Plant 3.83 9.46
G Cemetery 0.42 1.03
H Quarters 1.19 2.94
Total 54.11 133.71
Grand Total 343.20 848.06
Source: KINFRA
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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

The proposed project site having an area of approximately 489.46 acres belongs to the FACT.
The rest of the land belongs to Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (BPCL), Kerala Enviro
Infrastructure Ltd. (KEIL), FACT - RCF Building Products Ltd (FRBL) which is a joint venture of
M/s Fertilisers & Chemicals Travancore Ltd, Kochi (FACT) and others.

Figure 3-12: Map of Proposed Project Site

Source: KINFRA

3.5.12. Key Takeaways - Site Context

 Site is located just 30 minutes away from Kochi.

 The site has a close proximity and connection to three major national highways passing
through Ernakulam District - the Cochin-Mumbai Highway (NH-66), Salem-Kanyakumari
(NH-544 part of NSEW corridor) and Cochin - Dhanushkodi Highway (NH-49). This NH-544
runs inland from Kanyakumari and joins at Salem. The NH-544 also connects at Trichur
with NH- 66, which runs northwards along the coast to Mumbai.

 The nearest small railway station is located at Tripunithura at about 4 km in the eastern
direction from the project site. Other major railway stations within the vicinity of the
Petrochemical Park are Ernakulam Junction and Ernakulam Town and there is a railway
siding at Irumpanam.

 The project site is also connected through Vytila-Kakkanad boat service (City Water Bus)
under Kerala State Water Transport Department (SWTD) which is the governmental
agency who provides inland water transport facilities in the district.

 Strong focus on external infrastructure development at state level, which needs to be

dovetailed with external infrastructure requirements for developing the Petrochemical
Park.

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 Site will benefit from the growth corridor Kochi-Palakkad National Investment and
Manufacturing Zone (NIMZ) which will connect Kochi and Bengaluru through
Ambalamughal.

 Detailed assessment of nearby settlements needed to understand potential locations

which can anchor the housing and social amenities requirements of the Petrochemical
Park.

 For preventing the effects of earthquake, design and construction methods suitable for
seismic zone III should be considered.

 Considering the fragile ecosystem of the site surroundings, safety and pollution control
are the main concerns of the project. Best standards in environment management as per
law will be implemented with the directions of the authorities concerned. A Greenbelt
should be developed in a phase wise manner right from the construction phase of the
proposed project.

3.5.13. On-site Infrastructure

The site is greenfield and has on-site infrastructure such as electric high-tension lines, few
water bodies, existing BT road roads, few natural dry streams, couple of unpaved cart tracks
etc.

3.5.14. Off-site Infrastructure

Water supply Source

There are two existing perineal lakes in project vicinity. Client is planning to construct a 45
MLD Water Treatment Plant (WTP) in the project region and required water can be tapped
from the proposed source in future. Presently Client has 6.5 MLD WTP at KINFRA Export
Promotion Industrial Park (KEPIP) and to meet the initial demand water can be tapped from
the existing source which is at a distance of 5km from project site.

Power Supply Source:

220 KV electric substation is located at Brahmapuram (Brahmapuram Diesel Power Plant i.e.,
BDPP) at a radial distance of 0.8 km from the centre of the project sites and 220/110 KV
electric substation is located at FACT premises and also 66 KV HT line also passing within site
boundary. So, sufficient power is available in the project region and proposed power demand
can be tapped from the existing power sources in consultation with Kerala State Electricity
Board (KSEB).

3.6. Environmental Considerations

Table 3-3: Environmental Sensitivity around the Project
S.No Areas Name / Aerial Distance (within 15 km)
Identity
1 Areas protected under international Nil None in the study area
conventions, national or local legislation for
their ecological, landscape, cultural or other
related value

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S.No Areas Name / Aerial Distance (within 15 km)

Identity
2 Areas which are important or sensitive for Nil There are no sensitive areas in
ecological reasons - Wetlands, watercourses or the immediate vicinity of the
other water bodies, coastal zone, biospheres, proposed Petro Chemical Park.
mountains, forests
3 Areas used by protected, important or Nil None in the study area
sensitive species of flora or fauna for breeding,
nesting, foraging, resting, over wintering,
migration
4 State, National boundaries Nil None in the study area
5 Defense installations Nil None in the study area
6 Routes or facilities used by the public for Nil None in the study area
access to recreation or other tourist, pilgrim
areas
7 Inland, coastal, marine or underground waters Nil None in the study area
8 Densely populated or built-up area Nil None in the study area
9 Areas occupied by sensitive man-made land Yes There are schools, clinics and
uses (hospitals, schools, places of worship, places of worship like temples,
community facilities) masjids used by local villages in
the study area. As the
proposed project is
development for petro
chemical park no negative
impacts are envisaged.

3.7. Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) issues

The entire land earmarked for development of the petrochemical industrial park is under the
possession of FACT and is free from all encumbrances.

3.8. SWOT Analysis

A SWOT analysis for the project site is prepared on the basis of the site inspection and baseline
desk research. This will help in understanding the project’s strengths and weaknesses and
convert the threats into opportunities. The analysis highlights the opportunities of the
proposed project in terms of resource base of not only the town but the region itself,
interstate and intrastate connectivity and unique environment.
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
 Site located at Kochi is in proximity to  Off-site infrastructure networks
Thiruvananthapuram, Mangalore, need to be developed (high capital
Bengaluru and Chennai. investment needed).
 Access from 20m ROW Thripunithura  Five HT line passes through the site
Karimughal Road that connects to SH15. and due to restriction of building
 The project site is located at Ernakulam under the HT lines, large tracts of
District which is the industrial capital of land is non-developable.
Kerala.  Site is not contiguous and this leads
 The site opens to a Lake. to increase in cost of development
of infrastructure.

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 Strong manufacturing base built around  Shape of the site is serpentine and
major seaport, international airport, IT Hub, is creating unusable pockets/
logistics, oil and petrochemicals. corners thereby reducing efficiency
 The site is well connected in terms of air in use of land.
(Cochin International Airport), sea (Cochin  Large part (54%) of the Site has
Port) and rail (Cochin – Ernakulam Town trees.
Station and Ernakulam Junction Station)  The proposed industries i.e.
facilities. petrochemical and pharma are Red
 Proximity to NH and SH will help in easy category industry. So,
movement of trucks in and out of the site. Environmental Impact Assessment
 Land available for acquisition from FACT. (EIA) needs to be carried out.
 Proposed single window clearance facility  Deficient petrochemical industrial
for units in its Parks for obtaining regulatory structure with poor capacity to
licenses and clearances. create inter-industry demand and
 Availability of skilled manpower from agglomeration economies.
surrounding areas.
 The site is located in a proposed industrial
development zone as per Development
Plan for Kochi City Region – 2031.
 The site at Kochi has a strong base with
modern infrastructure and availability of
feedstock from BPCL refinery for setting up
of industries.
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
 Expansion (existing 9.5 MMTPA to 15.5  Presence of other thriving industrial
MMTPA) of BPCL-KR adjacent to the project areas in the region (e.g. proposed
site will provide for feedstock supply, Cochin - Coimbatore Industrial
utilities, offsite and other support facilities Corridor (CCIC) and Kochi-Palakkad
 Potential spill over benefits from the Cochin National Investment and
Shipyard Limited, Fertilisers and Chemicals Manufacturing Zone) giving
Travancore Limited (FACT), Kochi-Palakkad competition to the proposed
National Investment and Manufacturing petrochemical industrial node.
Zone and Hindustan Organic Chemicals
(HOC) and Cominco Binani.
 The proximity of the site to the Airport, Sea
Port and Railway Station will be an
advantage for the tenants in terms of cost
effectiveness and access to Global and
Indian markets.
 Good terrain to develop an efficient
drainage system.

It can be observed that the proposed project has got amble strengths and opportunities to
develop as a petrochemical hub. Such development should be planned in such a manner to
optimum sustainable utilization of resources to ensure diversification of economic activity to
the secondary and tertiary activity to create better job opportunities with due regard to ways
and measures to increase productivity, value addition and optimum utilization of resources to
promote local economic growth to nullify the weaknesses and reduce the risk of threats.

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4. Status of Feasibility Studies

Earlier no feasibility studies were conducted for development of proposed Petrochemical
Industrial Park at Ambalamughal, Kochi, Kerala.

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5. Demand Analysis
5.1. Project Background
KINFRA is proposing to set up a Petrochemical Park in Ambalamughal – Kochi, to be developed
next to BPCL refinery on an area of 474.12 acres. The main motivation for setting up the Park
in the region has been activated due to proposed expansion of BPCL- Kochi plant which is
expanding its refining capacity from 9.5 mn tons to 15 mn ton through FCC route together
with setting up a large petrochemical complex. The products and by products from proposed
petrochemical complex and refinery will offer wide ranging feedstock for setting up various
downstream petrochemical units in the region that will spur the economic development of
the entire area.
After this increase the refinery will produce about 5 lakh tons of Propylene, in addition to the
routine products like Motor spirit, HSD, Kerosene, ATF, Pet Coke, Bitumen, Benzene, Toluene,
MTO, Naphtha etc. Around 2.5 Lakh tons of Propylene will be utilized to set up large
Petrochemical intermediate projects like Acrylic acid, Oxo Alcohols and Acrylates which are
slated to be in production form 2019 2nd quarter. Apart from this around 1 Lakh tons of
ethylene will be extracted from FCC off gases that may be used for producing Ethylene Oxide
and MEG etc. The refinery also has plans for utilizing balance propylene to set up Propylene
Oxide and Polyol ether units by 2023 which can further spur the development of Polyurethane
industry in the region. The range of possibilities in fact is huge considering availability of both
Ethylene and Propylene, the basic building blocks, at the same location. The marketable
surpluses of the feedstock can provide major fillip for the development petrochemical sector
in South India.

5.2. Need for the Chemical Park in Kochi

The chemical industry is the main stay of industrial and agricultural development of the
country and provides building blocks for several downstream industries, such as textiles,
papers, paints, soaps, detergents, pharmaceuticals, varnish etc. It is one of the most
diversified of all industrial sectors covering thousands of commercial products.
Petrochemicals constitute a very important segment of world chemicals market, with a share
of nearly 40 per cent. The value additions in the petrochemicals chain offer immense
possibilities and cater to the need of textiles and clothing, agriculture, packaging,
infrastructure, healthcare, furniture, automobiles, information technology, power,
electronics and telecommunication, irrigation, drinking water, construction and a host of
other articles of daily and specialized usage amidst other emerging areas. The share of this
sector in the country’s GVA of manufacturing sector is currently estimated at 13.60 %. The
size of the Indian Chemical industry in terms of market in the year 2015-16 according to
Department of Chemicals and Petrochemical statistics was estimated at Rs. 850,000 crores.
India accounts for almost 2.8% share of the world market.
India is net importer of chemicals and Petrochemicals and imported almost Rs. 2,62,000 crores
of Chemicals against total exports of Rs.1,81,000 crores in 2015-16. The imports contribute
almost 31 % of the total country’s consumption of chemicals and Petrochemicals, mostly in
petrochemical intermediates and organic chemicals. The main reason for such high imports
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has been shortage of basic feed stocks in the country for manufacturing the various chemicals
and Petrochemicals. There is thus huge potential for attracting investments in Chemical
industry in the country with increased availability of feed stocks. BPCLs proposed venture in
petrochemical industry with diverse end products and feedstock will provide attractive
investment opportunities for development of Petrochemical downstream industry close to
BPCL refinery. Much of the feed stocks that will be produced by refinery and Petrochemical
plant by their very nature will be difficult to transport and have to be preferably consumed
next the source of supply and hence KINFRA Park accordingly has every chance of attracting
future investments in this sector. Moreover, South India which accounts for almost 30% share
of Indian GDP accounts for meager share of the production of chemicals and Petrochemicals
in the country, which is mostly concentrated around Gujarat and Maharashtra. The proposed
KINFRA Park can play big role in bridging this demand supply gap of chemicals in South India.
Chemical Parks have been seen to be the best method of attracting investments in chemical
sector world over in all major countries and regions. Investments in chemical parks benefit
investors in several ways providing Optimal economic conditions, Professional settlement
support, Investment benefits through state of art infrastructure, flexibilization and
optimization of business model, Focusing on core business, Time and cost benefits through
offered individual services, Synergy potentials resulting from optimum structures (e.g. links to
supply chain, connections to research institutes) and Benefits from integrated know-how
structures. In successful Chemical Parks like Jurong Singapore and German chemical parks the
investors save up to 15 to 20% in capital and operation costs. It thus makes great sense to set
up an integrated KINFRA Chemical Park in Kochi which will have tremendous economic impact
in the region.

5.3. Scope of the Market Study

The following scope has been envisaged for assessing the market for KINFRA Petrochemical
Park at Kochi:
 Understand the locational SWOT of the proposed KINFRA Park from the point of view
of setting up Petrochemical /Chemical units.
 Shortlist various Petrochemical/chemical project/product opportunities that can
viably be sited in the KINFRA park based on detailed analysis of quantum of Surplus
feedstock available in the catchment; viable Projects possible based on economic size
consideration; Markets demand supply gaps in the country and catchment,
Technology availability dictates for the identified products/projects and broad
Stakeholder perceptions.
 Translate the demand Supply gaps of target/shortlisted product categories into land
demand in the country using suitable land absorption norms for each product
category.
 Determine the accessible market share of land demand for the KINFRA Park based on
the Area SWOT, Product dictates and the likely Competition from similar zones/parks
in the country.
 Considering limited land area of the Park, allocate optimum share of accessible land
to individual product categories in the Park based the extent of feedstock availability,

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its value addition possibilities and ease of marketing the land with overall objective of
ensuring diversity of operations.
 Carry broad benchmarking exercise of similar successful parks/zones in the country
and abroad with a view to define the concept of the KINFRA Park in terms of
infrastructure, facilities, services and revenue models.
 Determine the likely time line for land absorption in the KINFRA park by various
product categories.
 Recommend appropriate Market strategies and Policy/incentive framework for
attracting the investors to the Park and achieving the time lines of absorption.

5.4. Market Assessment for KINFRA Park

The success of KINFRA Petrochemical Park will greatly depend upon its concept and type of
products that will be planned within the zone. It is very important to choose a proper product/
activity mix in step with region’s physical and economic Unique Selling Points (USPs). The main
considerations in identifying suitable product categories; determining the land requirement
and finalizing the concept of the park have been detailed.

5.4.1. Likely Feedstock available in the KINFRA Kochi Park catchment area including
BPCL refinery and propylene derivative petrochemical project (PDPP)

One of the most important considerations for siting Petrochemical and Chemical projects is
the availability of feedstock in its vicinity. The BPCL refinery expansion near the KINFRA park
and its plans to enter petrochemical sector will result in availability of several important basic
feedstock’s and intermediates that can propel the development of chain of downstream
petrochemical industry in the proposed Park. As a first step we have tried to compile a list of
various feedstocks’ that will be made available in the catchment area in general and from
BPCL project in particular. The Petrochemical feedstock that is likely to be made available from
BPCL Kochi and neighbourhood units will include the following products as illustrated in Table
5-1 by time frame.
Table 5-1: Likely available Feedstock in the Catchment area-Kochi Park
Propylene; Iso butylene; n Butene; Toluene; Benzene; Acrylic Acid; Butanol /Iso
butanol; 2 Ethyl Hexanol; Butyl Acrylate; 2 Ethyl-Hexyl Acrylates; and other BPCL
2019 - 2022
refinery products/by products – Kerosene, Pet Coke, Bitumen, Benzene, Toluene,
MTO, Naphtha etc.
2022 onwards Ethylene; EO; MEG; SAP, Propylene Oxide; Propylene Glycol; Polyol Ethers;
Source: BPCL

Essentially one will have access to some surplus Propylene and Ethylene from BPCLs FCC unit
besides other refinery by products for further value addition. Also, one will have access to first
and second level intermediates like Acrylic Acid, Oxo Alcohols, Acrylates, SAP, Ethylene Oxide,
Ethylene Glycols, Propylene Oxides, Polyol Ethers and Propylene Glycol in phases from
proposed petrochemical projects being planned by BPCL. Opportunities may also be there
based on Caprolactum, Phenol and Acetone produced / to be produced by HOCL and FACT in
the catchment.
In addition, Kochi Port offers scope for easy imports of several other chemicals and
Petrochemicals from cost effective region of Middle East for subsequent value addition.
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5.4.2. Opportunities for Manufacture - KINFRA Park

There are wide ranging possibilities for manufacturing different Petrochemical intermediate
as well as downstream specialty chemicals and end products with the kind of feedstock
available in the catchment and possible to import. The opportunities for manufacturing have
been broadly categorized under following main classes;
a) Intermediates are defined as products which are first- or second-generation bulk
petrochemicals derived from basic petrochemicals / building blocks like Methane,
Ethane, Propane; Olefins like Ethylene, Propylene, Butylene’s etc., and Aromatics like
Benzene, Toluene and Xylenes etc. There could also be second level of intermediates
possible from first level intermediate downwards. There are possibilities of setting
several intermediate units in KINFRA based on surplus availability of Propylene,
Ethylene, Butenes and first level intermediates like EO, PO, MEG, Oxo Alcohols,
Acrylic Acid etc proposed in the BPCLs PDPP project. Many of these feed stocks / first
level intermediates are difficult to transport (immovable) which may provide
excellent opportunities for attracting investments in producing next level of
intermediates within KINFRA Park and these may themselves find use within the park
for further value addition through production of down-stream products/specialty
chemicals.
b) Specialty Chemicals, also known as performance chemicals, are low volume but
high value compounds. Specialty chemicals can be sub-divided based on end-user
industries. In addition to end-use driven segments, there are a few categories of
specialty chemicals which are used across several end-user segments for similar
applications. End-use driven segments comprise agrochemicals, personal care
ingredients, polymer additives, water chemicals, textile chemicals and construction
chemicals and application-driven segments include surfactants, flavors and
fragrances and dyes and pigments. These all put together are the largest
constituents of the specialty chemicals industry and cumulatively constitute over
80% of the specialty chemicals universe. There are large opportunities for several
types of specialty chemical units in the Park based on available feedstock, possible
easy imports and large markets in the Southern India.
c) Drugs and Pharmaceuticals: Usually manufactured using several types of specialty
chemicals / intermediates etc. in smaller quantities. These exhibit similar
characteristics as specialty chemicals but are considered as separate category due
to its size and its distinct regulatory regime. These mainly consist of APIs (Active
Pharmaceutical ingredients) and formulations. The Drug and Pharma units are wide
spread in the country and generally prefer to locate units in areas which are either
close to markets or feedstock sources or areas that offer high level of Plug and Play
infrastructure facilities in cluster format with good incentives. KINFRA Park will be
in a position to offer some of the feed stocks (Pharma grade Solvents) and incentives
as well as presumably high level of infrastructure support facilities in cluster format
close to a major urban center for attracting some of APIs and formulation units.
d) End Products: This is large category of consumer facing value added end items
which are produced after reacting / mixing / processing various specialty chemicals
and intermediates etc. They include products like Cosmetics, Paints, Emulsions,

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Adhesives, Inks, Lubricants, Detergents, Diapers, household goods, Tyre cords, PU

Components, Packaging products etc. KINFRA Park will have access to critical raw
materials like Acrylates, Oxo Alcohols and Polyols /Polyurethane resins etc., to
attract some of these units to meet local consumption needs that are currently
being met at high logistic costs from distant plants.
e) Ancillary and Allied industries: Mostly consisting of packaging, consumables,
support units and other local industries that can benefit from facilities within the
Park.
An assessment was carried to determine viable opportunities and products that are most
likely to come up in the area for each of the feedstock. These products/opportunities
were shortlisted after considering factors like quantum of critical feedstock available
(Marketable surpluses from BPCL) in the catchment and possibility of setting economical
plant sizes based on the available feedstock’s; the extent of demand – supply gap of the
products in the country / catchment area; the exports potential, the scope of value
addition possibilities and the level of environmental impact etc. Based on these
parameters opportunities/focus products by each feedstock has been shortlisted in
Annexure 1. The shortlisted opportunities have been summarized in the table below by
broad product category.
Table 5-2: Potential Project Opportunities based on available feedstock in the Catchment area

Broad category Basic Feedstock Likely focus /target products

Epichlorohydrine (ECH); Iso Propyl Alcohol
Propylene
(IPA); EPDM;
Polyisobutylene (PIB); Alkyl Phenols;
Methacrylic Acid (MAA); Butylated
Iso Butylene
Hydroxytoluene (BHT), butyl rubber,
Isoprene
N butene Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)

Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) / Vinyl

Ethylene
PETROCHEMICAL Acetate Ethylene (VAE); VCM; EPDM.
INTERMEDIATES Ethanol Amines/ Glycol Ethers / Ethylene
Ethylene Oxide
carbonate;
MEG PET Chips
Iso-propanol amine/ Propylene Glycol
Propylene Oxide
ethers/ Propylene Carbonate;
Butanol/Iso butanol Butyl Acetate/ Iso butane acetate;
Caprolactum Nylon 6 resin
Acrylic Acid, Iso Butylene, Personal care ingredients, Polymer
Acrylates, Oxo Alcohol, additives, Resins, Water chemicals, Textile
SPECIALITY CHEMICALS
EO, PO, PG etc. chemicals, Construction chemicals,
Surfactants, Flavor and Fragrances.
API grade Toluene,
DRUGS &
Benzene, Iso butylene Range of APIs, drugs and formulations
PHARMACEUTICALS
and other solvents.

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Acrylates, Oxo alcohols, Adhesives & Sealants, Paints, Coatings and

Acrylic acid, Butyl emulsions, Lacquers, Inks, Polyurethane
END PRODUCTS
acetate, Polyol ethers, Components, SAP Based Hygiene Products,
SAP, Nylon /PET chips etc. Tyre cords, PET Products etc.
Packaging materials-Bags, Drums, Cans,
ANCILLARY AND ALLIED Carboys, etc besides other related
INDUSTRIES industries that can use the infrastructure
and services at the location.
Source: Expert Assessment

While several opportunities (Annexure 1) are there in intermediates, the limited surplus
availability of Basic building blocks like Propylene, Ethylene and Butylene from BPCL would
render very few feasible intermediates that can be manufactured with economic capacity as
covered in above table. In the case of specialty chemicals and end products however large
opportunities exist in the Park. Some specialty chemicals and end products are possible from
acrylic acid, acrylates and Oxo Alcohols that will be produced by BPCL in phase 1. The possible
production of SAP and Polyol ethers in phase 2 will open more project opportunities in the
form of hygiene products and Poly urethane-based components. Similarly, likely production
of EO, MEG and PO in phase 2 by BPCL will open potential for some other intermediate and
specialty chemical units as mentioned in table above. Overall the feedstock and products in
the catchment and Park can add tremendous value within the Park itself to the benefit of local
economy of the region.

5.4.3. Market Potential for the Target Products

Detailed All India (demand supply gap) analysis has been carried for the target products that
can be produced in KINFRA Park. The analysis is based on detailed secondary survey of all
reliable sources of information including Publications/Annual reports and Market research
reports carried by Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals; Industry associations,
Chamber of Commerce and reputed Private Consultants. The product category wise market
assessment has been presented.

5.4.3.1. Intermediates
The current and forecasted Capacity and demand for select intermediates that can come up
in the Park is expressed in Table 5-3. More details are provided in Annexure 2b.
Table 5-3: Forecasted Demand Supply Gap of Select/targeted Intermediates (possible from BPCL Feedstock)-India
2017-27

2017 (Tons) 2027 (Tons)

CAGR Gap (Demand
INTERMEDIATE
Capacity Demand (%) Demand & Capacity)
(2017-27)
Epichlorohydrine (ECH) 0 43000 5 70042 70042
Iso Propyl Alcohol (IPA) 68200 155000 12 481406 413206
EPDM 0 39000 10 101156 101156
Polyisobutylene (PIB) 8000 16000 12 49694 41694
Alkyl Phenols 0 10000 12 31058 31058
Methacrylic Acid (MAA) 0 10000 14 37072 37072

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Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) 6100 47000 10 121906 115806

Butyl Acetate, Iso butane acetate 0 38000 6.5 71331 71331

Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) /
0 166000 9 392982 392982
Vinyl Acetate Ethylene (VAE)
VCM 770000 1100000 9 2604100 1834100
Ethanol Amines/Glycol Ethers
24000 60000 12 186351 162351
/Ethylene carbonate
Nylon 6 Resins and Yarn 37500 150000 8 323839 286339
Iso propanol amine/ Propylene
Glycol ethers/ Propylene 16000 40000 12 124234 108234
Carbonate
Unsaturated Polyester resins
21600 54000 7 106226 84626
(UPRs)
Source: Current capacity, demand and growth rates taken from Chemical & Petrochemical statistics at a glance
(2015-16) published by Department of chemicals and petrochemicals Ministry of chemicals and fertilizers GOI.

As can be seen from the table, majority of the intermediates that have been considered are
being currently imported in the country (with existing nil capacity) and there is large demand
supply gap. The demand supply gap is expected to widen in future over the next 10 years, thus
offering very good potential for manufacturing the same in the country. Units located in
proposed KINFRA Park will have good scope for setting these units due to close proximity to
BPCL refinery which can supply feedstock for producing these intermediates in economically
viable size capacities.

5.4.3.2. Specialty Chemicals

As stated earlier the specialty chemical industry include agrochemicals, personal care
ingredients, polymer additives, water chemicals, textile chemicals and construction chemicals,
surfactants, flavours and fragrances and dyes and pigments. The total specialty chemical
market in India is estimated at US$ 18.2 bn in 2014 against global market of almost $ 800bn.
The breakup of market by sub segments is illustrated in Figure 5-1.
Over the years, growth drivers in the chemicals industry (including specialty chemicals) have
shifted and evolved. The US was the original home to innovation and production of chemicals
and specialty chemicals. The industry then gradually transitioned to Europe, followed by
developing countries such as China. India is now positioned to take centre stage in production
of specialty chemicals in future. We believe the drivers for specialty chemicals are: (1)
domestic availability of raw material at competitive prices, (2) strong demand growth in
consumer industries and a domestic industry that supports ‘premiumisation’ of products, (3)
competitive manufacturing costs, (4) investment in R&D and (5) an ecosystem that supports
the industry and innovation. Our analysis indicates that India has all these drivers required to
‘Make in India’ and become the top destination for specialty chemicals.

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Figure 5-1: Specialty Chemical Market - India (2014).

Source: Specialty Chemicals in India by Avendus Capital.

Despite the demand side growth drivers, several challenges still remain. While some are
segment specific issues, there are three systemic challenges the sector is confronted with –
fragmentation and lack of scale, commoditization and regulations.
• Fragmented industry structure with few scaled up Indian players: Most players
operating in India are still small in scale. At the global level, however, there is significant
level of concentration. Most segments in India witness a dominating presence of a few
global leaders. This has implications on the competitiveness of Indian players. Only a
few Indian players have the scale or capabilities to compete with the global giants on
product development and innovation. As the global companies enter and strengthen
their presence in the Indian market, they will also invest in marketing, distribution and
production systems that local companies may struggle to match.

• Commoditization: Several mature products in the sector have already been

commoditized or are at risk of the same. Specialty chemical manufacturers need to
strengthen their focus on niche applications and product innovation in order to protect
their margins.

• Regulations: Cost of compliance might make operations increasingly economically

unviable for small players.
Ability to scale up, offering differentiated products through innovation, implementing an
effective sales and marketing strategy, and maintaining high levels of regulatory standards
clearly separate winners from the crowd in the specialty chemical market place. Handful of
players has been able to overcome challenges and have built leadership positions. Companies
like Aarti, Kumar Organic, Pidilite, PI Industires, Rallis, Sharda Cropchem, Synthite and Vivimed
Labs are some of the players that have consistently demonstrated attractive growth rates and
profitability relative to their segment averages.
According to Avendus specialty chemical report, the nine segments are cumulatively expected
to grow at 12% p.a. to reach USD 33.2 bn by 2019.

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According to our analysis the segments that may enjoy maximum advantage at KINFRA Park
will include Personal care ingredients, Polymer additives, Water chemicals, Textile chemicals,
Construction chemicals, Surfactants and Flavours and fragrances. As they are characterized by
high growth potential, high product differentiation and low-to medium penetration levels and
will have some of the basic feedstock available in the catchment at competitive prices. The
estimated future market for the targeted sub segments is illustrated in Table below.
Table 5-4: Estimated market for targeted Specialty chemicals India ($ bn)

Targeted specialty chemicals 2014 CAGR 2017 2027

F&F Ingredients 2.7 12% 3.79 11.78

Personal care ingredients 0.3 15% 0.46 1.85

Water chemicals 0.4 15% 0.61 2.46

Construction chemicals 0.6 15% 0.91 3.69

Surfactants 2.6 13% 3.75 12.73

Textile chemicals 1.1 12% 1.55 4.80

Polymer additives 0.4 10% 0.53 1.38

Total ($ bn) 8.1 11.60 38.70

Source: Specialty Chemicals in India by Avendus

The overall market for targeted specialty chemicals is estimated at $ 11.6 bn in 2017
equivalent to 2.7 mn tons. The overall target specialty chemical market, as per various reports,
is expected to grow at about 13% by value and 10% by volume over the next 10 years.

5.4.3.3. Drugs and Pharma

The global pharmaceutical market, has grown at a CAGR of 6% over the last 5 years from a
value of US$ 887 in 2010 to US$ 1,187 in 2015. The global market is expected to slow down
owing to slowing growth in developed markets and lower levels of spending expected in some
of the major economies like USA. The key growth drivers in future for the global
pharmaceutical industry would be:
 Strong growth in emerging markets like India, China, Brazil and Russia
 Aging population and rising life expectancy
 Increasing access to modern healthcare
 Increase in healthcare awareness
 Improvement in medical practices
The global market is expected to grow at 4.5% to reach a value of US$ 1,479 Bn by 2020. Indian
market accounts for 1.3% of the global market for pharmaceuticals by value and 10% by
volume.
The Indian pharmaceuticals market witnessed growth at a CAGR of 17.90 per cent, during
2005-16, with the market increasing from USD6 billion in 2005 to USD33.4 billion in 2016
(about 1 mn tons by volume). The domestic pharmaceutical market in India is estimated at $
17 Bn in FY16, having grown at a CAGR of 7.2% from $ 10 Bn in FY11. The balance ($ 16.4 bn)
is exports. Cumulative FDI inflows worth USD14.53 billion were made during April 2000 to

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December 2016. The Indian pharma industry, which is expected to grow over 15 per cent per
annum by value between 2015 and 2020, will outperform the global pharma industry, which
is set to grow at an annual rate of 5 per cent between the same periods. The total market in
India is expected to grow to US$ 55 billion by 2020, thereby emerging as the sixth largest
pharmaceutical market globally by absolute size.
By 2020, India is likely to be among the top three pharmaceutical markets by incremental
growth and sixth largest market globally in absolute size. India’s cost of production is
significantly lower than that of the US and almost half of that of Europe. It gives a competitive
edge to India over others. Increase in the size of middle-class households coupled with the
improvement in medical infrastructure and increase in the penetration of health insurance in
the country will also influence in the growth of pharmaceuticals sector.
With 70 per cent of market share (in terms of revenues), generic drugs form the largest
segment of the Indian pharmaceutical sector.
In the case of formulations, about 70% of the total formulations sold are for acute illness and
remaining 30% for chronic illness (prolonged duration). This is true for most developing
countries as compared to developed markets where the growth is led by chronic ailments.
Currently, Anti-infective drugs command the largest share of the Indian pharma market,
followed by Cardio vascular & Gastro-intestinal, Respiratory and Vitamins & Minerals. The top
5 segments contribute to nearly 57% of the entire market in 2015.
India is also a major exporter of pharmaceuticals to more than 200 countries with US, Europe
and Africa accounting for more than 50% of India's exports of pharmaceuticals. Drugs for
cholesterol control, pain management, anti-coagulant, respiratory problems, liver disorders,
depression and lipid regulators are highly prevalent in the global market.
While the Indian Pharmaceutical market is expected to grow at double-digit levels over the
next five years, it faces certain challenges as highlighted below:
 Compliance with global cGMP standards involving continuous improvement in systems
& processes and workforce training.
 High level of fragmentation in the industry with top 10 companies contributing to 41%
of total sales, next 10 companies contributing to 22% and remaining companies
contributing to 37% of total sale.
 Government control on prices of pharmaceutical products.
 Lower spend on Research and Development resulting in lack of innovation.
 Lack of skilled manpower especially in Research and Development of Novel molecules.
 Consolidation among customers in US market.
The Indian growth drivers are such that the Indian market is expected to grow at 12% over
the next 5 years to reach revenues of almost US$ 55bn by 2020 driven majorly by following
factors:
 India's huge population and growing number of stress-related diseases due to change
in lifestyle.
 Increasing incomes leading to increase in affordability of healthcare facilities and drugs.
 Availability of better diagnostic facilities.
 Increase in government spending on social sectors with a focus on healthcare.

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 Increased penetration of health insurance (Provision of Rs.1 lakh insurance cover per
family by GOI).
India’s cost of production is nearly 60 per cent lower than that of the US and almost half of
that of Europe. Labour costs are 50-55 per cent cheaper than in Western countries. The cost
of setting up a production plant in India is 40 per cent lower than in Western Countries Cost-
efficiency continues to create opportunities for Indian companies in emerging markets and
Africa. India also has a skilled workforce as well as high managerial and technical competence
in comparison to its peers in Asia resulting in India emerging as major hub for manufacture of
Drugs and Pharma in the world. Also, economic prosperity would improve affordability for
generic drugs in the market and improve per capita sales of pharmaceuticals in India.
The DoP (Department of Pharmaceutical) seeks to implement Cluster Development
Programme for Pharma Sector (CDP-PS) to enhance Quality, Productivity & Innovative
capabilities of the SME Pharma sector in the country. Cluster based approach is increasingly
being recognized as an effective and sustainable strategy for competitive enhancement of
Pharmaceutical Industry in India. Such an approach, which leverages the geographical
proximity of the enterprises on ‘collaborating while competing’ principle, is participatory and
cost effective. As it provides critical mass for customization of interventions. The vision of the
Department of Pharmaceutical (DoP), Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers is to catalyse and
encourage quality, productivity and innovation in pharmaceutical sector and to enable the
Indian pharmaceutical industry to play a leading role in a competitive global market. KINFRA
Park will be state of art Park for promoting chemical industry with common facilities and
infrastructure that can be leveraged by drug and pharma sector which display similar
characteristics as that of specialty chemicals by their very nature of manufacturing and
requirement of feedstock. Since these units are uniformly spread across the country, KINFRA
Park by being a cluster can offer tremendous advantages to local and international investors
proposing to enter this sector in India.

5.4.3.4. End Products

Some of the major end products that will benefit from the available feedstock at KINFRA Park
include Paints, Inks and Adhesives. Apart from that with future likely availability of SAP and
Polyol ethers in the catchment, will also spur development of units for Hygiene products and
Polyurethane based components. A look at the market growth prospects of these products is
illustrated.
a) Paints and coatings
The India paints and coatings market were valued at $6,194.05 million (4.25 mn tons) in
2015. The per capita consumption of paints in India has been estimated to be 3.23 kgs
during 2015-16, which is much lower in comparison to some of the other developed
economies around the world providing immense opportunities for growth for the paint
industry. The market is projected to reach $11,480.19 million by 2020, at a CAGR of 13.13
percent during the forecast period 2015 - 2020. The automotive refinish paints and
coatings segment is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 14.47 percent. Paints and coatings
industry are divided into two sub-sectors namely, industrial and architectural.
Architectural coatings include, both interior and exterior paints, varnishes, primers, stains
and sealers, and their demand is primarily depended on the growth and performance of
the construction sector. Industrial coatings include coil coatings, automotive paints,

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refinishers, furniture finishing and road marking paints, and their demand is linked to the
growth and performance of the industrial equipment sectors, automotive industry and
appliance industries. Paints and coatings find wide range of application in buildings &
construction, automotive, aerospace & defence, aerospace, marine, consumer durables,
oil & gas, refinery & petrochemical and industrial coatings industries. The architecture &
decorative paints and coatings segment accounted for 70.53 percent of the India paints
and coatings market in terms of revenue as of 2015. The segment under technology
includes powder coatings, water-borne coatings and solvent-borne coatings. The solvent-
borne technology accounted for 59 percent of the India paints and coatings market in
term of revenue as of 2015.
The India paints and coatings industry are growing at faster pace with the new skills and
technological development in recent past. Many companies for different market
opportunities and coatings applications have upgraded the production process.
Moreover, companies are looking for better technology to produce eco-friendly paints
and coatings with natural raw materials like bio-based polyurethane or biodegradable
materials. These production processes with new technology will have better
opportunities in paints and coatings market in near future.
b) Inks
India is among the fast-growing printing ink markets globally spurred by the rapid
expansion of the domestic print markets. Backed by a strong demand from key end user
segments such as package printing, newsprint, publishing and other commercial printing,
the printing ink market in India has registered strong growth in the recent years. The
printing ink industry is fragmented with over 400 manufacturers and a large number of
players in the unorganised sector. Printing ink sector in India is estimated at 360,000
tonnes for 2017, valued at around $ 1 billion; the market witnessed a growth of
around 7.5% per annum during the last 10 years. Printed packaging accounts for around
27% of the demand for printing inks in India followed by newspapers at 20%. Commercial
printing/ promotional and printed advertising together account for around 19% of the
demand. Other key end user segments for printing inks include books and stationery.
With the print sector forecast to grow at around 8% per annum, over the next 5 years,
printing ink segment is expected to grow strongly during the same period. Micro Inks
(Huber group), DIC India, Sakata, Siegwerk, Flint and Toyo are the leading manufacturers
of printing ink in India. The top six players comprising domestic players and established
multinational players account for around 75% of the market. Printing inks has a well-
entrenched presence of multinational players who have entered the market either
through a direct subsidiary or through Joint Ventures with existing domestic players.
Going forward, the printing ink market is set to benefit from rapid urbanization, increasing
literacy rates and growth of FMCG sector.
c) Adhesives and sealants
The India Adhesives market is expected to value USD 921.90 million in 2018 and is likely to
reach USD 1,464.10 million by 2023, growing at a CAGR of 9.69% during the forecast
period, 2018 to 2023. The Indian sealants market is expected to value USD 150.37 million
in 2018, and is likely to reach USD 237.16 million by 2023, growing at a CAGR of 9.54%,
during the forecast period 2018-2023. The current overall market volume for adhesives

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and sealants in India (2017) is estimated at 3,20,000 tons. The growth in volume is
expected to be 6% annually.
Adhesives and sealants are often grouped together, as they both are applied to the
surfaces of materials to adhere and seal them together. They are generally available in
the liquid form, which is viscous in nature, with no or little flow characteristics. Adhesives
are majorly chosen for their bonding and holding power and have high tensile and shear
strength. Adhesives are of two varieties, namely structural adhesives (strength is vital for
the success of the assembly) and non-structural adhesives (generally have low strength,
are used to bond weak substrates and for temporary fastening). However, sealants are
majorly selected for their ability to resist relative movement of the substrates, to fill gaps,
and to contain or exclude another material. They have less strength compared to
adhesives but are more flexible in nature. This market is driven by a number of factors,
such as the increasing demand from the packaging industry, growth of automotive
production in the country, growing consumer focus towards interior designing, and
others. However, this market faces certain drawbacks, such as the increase in the raw
material prices, and others. These factors may act as a roadblock to the growth of the
market.
The Indian adhesives market, based on technology, can be broadly segmented into water-
borne adhesives, solvent-borne adhesives, reactive adhesives, hot melts adhesives, and
others. These are again segmented according to the sub-segmentations on the basis of
resins used. The water-borne adhesives dominate the market with ~45% share followed
by hot-melts and reactive adhesives. The hot-melt adhesives are also the fastest growing
with a CAGR of ~11% followed by reactive adhesives with a CAGR of ~10%. The Indian
sealants market, based on product type, can be broadly segmented into silicone sealants,
polyurethane sealants, plastisol, emulsion, butyl, polysulfide, silyl modified and others.
The silicone-based sealants dominate the market with ~30% share followed by
polyurethane and plastisol sealants. Silyl modified sealants is the fastest growing with a
CAGR of more than 10% during the forecast period. This is followed by silicon and
polyurethane sealants with a CAGR of ~9.5%.
On the basis of end-user industry, the market is segmented into building & construction,
paper, board & packaging, woodworking & joinery, transportation, footwear & leather,
healthcare, electronics and others (textiles, consumer goods, etc.). Paper, board &
packaging industry dominates the consumption of adhesive & sealants with ~30% share.
This is followed by transportation and building & construction industry with 22% and 17%
respectively. The electronics industry which is comparatively a smaller segment is
expected to be the fastest growing end-user industry with a CAGR of ~13% during the
forecast period.
Furthermore, the increasing electronics assembly operations in India and growth of
defence manufacturing in the country will offer numerous opportunities for the growth
of the Indian adhesives and sealants market. Some of the major companies dominating
this market for its products, services, and continuous product development are Pidilite
Industries Limited, 3M, Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, H.B. Fuller, Anabond, Sika AG, Dow Corning
Corporation, and Arkema (Bostik AG), among others.

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d) Polyurethane Products and components

Polyurethane is a versatile polymer which finds use in our everyday life in some form or
the other. It caters to almost all major industries like Automotive, Appliances, Building &
Construction, Energy, Defence, Paints and Coatings, Soft furniture and Footwear to name
a few. Indian Polyurethane industry is growing at a steady pace due to rapid urbanization
and growing middle class with higher disposable income. It is quite but natural that there
are increased sales of refrigerators, mattresses, footwear (for different occasions) all
leading to increase in usage of Polyurethanes. Polyurethane as an insulation material for
energy savings in the Building & Construction industry and Cold Storages are all gathering
momentum. In the Coatings segment, Polyurethane has established well with its superior
product advantages. Same is the case with Elastomers, where it is seen to replace
conventional material like Rubber.
However, even today, India is import dependent for some of its raw materials and hence
to that extent there is some constraint on phenomenal growth one would like and wish
to see with this industry. Polyols and isocyanides are two key raw materials required to
manufacture PU. While there are three manufacturers of basic raw materials in the
country, there are many system houses (owned by both Indian as well as MNCs), which
blending units that tailor the formulation are according to customer’s needs. The future
likely production of Polyol ethers by BPCL is expected to propel the development of PU
industry in the region resulting in possible investments in PU product manufacturing in
the KINFRA Park.
The current demand for polyurethanes in India is estimated at 650,000 MT ($ 2.2 bn) with
a consistent year-on-year (YoY) growth rate of 10-12 percent. The industry is largely
dependent on imports as the present domestic production (of 150,000 MT) is unable to
meet the growing demand for this material. The world market of almost $ 55.5 bn with
volume of 18 mn tons. In India Polyurethanes are feeding into a wide spectrum of
applications such as furniture & bedding, automotive, construction & building, footwear,
appliances, CASE applications etc. The market breakup by application is given in Figure
below.

TPU
CASE
1%
5%

Shoe Sole
Slabstock Foam
20%
27%

Rigid Foam Flexible Foam

29% 18%

Figure 5-2: Polyurethane Market India by applications-2016

Source: Indian Polyurethane Association

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The demand for polyurethane is expected to increase manifold in the country, which
produces 4 million cars and 9 million refrigerators annually. With a population estimated
at 1.3 billion people and GDP growth rate of 7 percent or above, India offers a huge
potential to global polyurethane players. By expanding their manufacturing capabilities,
MNCs are aiming to capture larger share of PU market pie in the country. The PU market
is expected to reach 2.15 mn tons over the next 10 years with CAGR of 13%, opening
immense scope for new units to come up in this field.
e) SAP based Products
Synthetic SAP based products include polyacrlyamide copolymer, sodium polyacrylate,
polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, and ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer. All these
products types are used in numerous applications such as diapers, adult incontinence and
feminine hygiene products. Polyacrylamine copolymer is likely to witness fastest growth
rate owing to properties such as non-toxicity, high water retaining and absorption. Since
its development in 1978, the use of SAP has revolutionized the diaper industry because of
its unique ability to absorb and retain aqueous solutions up to 60 times its volume and
500 times its weight and diaper manufacturers soon began to design diapers that were
thinner, more absorbent and more comfortable than ever before.
Global super absorbent polymer market size was estimated at 2.07 million tons in 2014
and is likely to exceed 3.1 million tons by 2023 growing with an expected CAGR of over
5.5%. Application segments include baby diapers, adult incontinence products, feminine
hygiene products and others. Among these, baby diapers are primarily expected to boost
demand for superabsorbent polymers in the market. The baby diaper industry accounted
for more than a 74% share of the global superabsorbent market and the market for adult
incontinence products was the second largest, which accounted for 224.3 kilotons.
Among the countries, China, Japan and Europe are the major production centres of SAP
products. China's annual capacity is 740,000 tons/year (23% share); Japan's annual
capacity is 660,000 tons/year (20% share); Europe's annual capacity is 542,000 tons/year
(17% share); the U.S.'s annual capacity is 501,000 tons/year (16% share); Korea's annual
capacity is 360,000 tons/year (11% share); and others are 434,000 tons/year (13% share).
Increasing baby diapers demand owing to growth in population and consumer awareness
towards infant’s hygiene is likely to drive super absorbent polymer market growth.
Agricultural applications are likely to witness highest gains with an estimated CAGR of
over 5.8% by 2023 owing to superior water retention properties required for crops in
rainfall water scarce area. Super absorbent polymer market revenue is likely to be valued
at over USD 11 billion by 2023. Europe was the dominant region and accounted for more
than 30% of SAP demand in 2014. Asia Pacific is likely to witness highest growth rates over
the forecast period owing to populations expansion coupled with growing hygiene
awareness among consumers.
Global super absorbent polymer market share is consolidated with few companies
catering to large part of the demand. Major companies are taking initiatives to increase
their production capacity and enhance product portfolio. Key companies involved in this
market include BASF, Nippon Shokubai, Evonik, Sumitomo, and LG Chemical. Other
prominent companies include Formosa Plastics, KAO Corporation, SDP Global
Corporation, Yixing Danson Technology and Songwon Industrial Corp. Ltd. The top three

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companies today, BASF AG, Nippon Shokubai and Evonik Industries, occupy 51% of the
production, and the output of each company exceeds 500,000 tons/year.
India is emerging as major market for SAP products. In recent years, India, with a 1.3 billion
population and booming economy, has become a hot investment destination for global
investors. According to India Diaper Market Overview, 2016-2022, diaper market in India
is growing with more than 20% CAGR over last seven years. Diaper industry has mainly
two segments, one is baby diaper segment and the other is adult diaper segment. Baby
diapers are the most widely used products whereas adult diaper is still at a nascent stage
in India.
From international giants to Chinese manufacturers, industrial players from a wide range
of markets have expanded their footprints in India, and the disposable hygiene market is
no exception. All the big international hygiene product brands like Procter &
Gamble, Johnson & Johnson, Kimberly-Clark and Unicharm have established facilities or
operated branches in India. The entire SAP at present is being imported in the country.
India’s current consumption of SAP is estimated at 50,000 tons per yr. ($ 1bn) which is
very small in comparison to other countries but has vast potential for growth. India is
expected to conservatively grow at 15% annually in volume over next 10 years. BPCL plans
to produce super absorbent Polymer (SAP) in future for the first time in India which is
likely to open opportunities for downstream diaper industry in the KINFRA Park.

5.5. Land Demand Potential in India- Target Chemicals / Petrochemicals

An attempt has been made to estimate the additional land required in India for manufacturing
above target products. The total future land required by the target industries/products over
the next 10 years have been estimated in the country based on past growth rates and future
likely growths and capacity to be created to meet that demand. The required projected
capacity also includes the import substitution and export growth possibilities. The future
required capacity has been translated into land demand using land absorption norms
(tones/acre/yr) based on case studies and experiences of similar projects set up in the past.
The overall Indian land demand for target product categories over next 10 years translates
into 7717 acres of land as given in table below.
Table 5-5: All India Land Area Demand Potential for target Petrochemicals and Chemicals (Year 2017-27)

PRODUCT CATEGORIES ACRES

Intermediates 938

Specialty Chemicals 1600

Drugs (APIS) & Pharmaceuticals 3750

End Products

 Paints/Inks and adhesives 530

 PU /Nylon Components 600

 SAP based Hygiene products 300

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TOTAL 7,718
Source: Based on Secondary Data and Analysis (Refer Annexure 2 a & b for basis and sources of Information)

The detailed working of demand supply gap (10 years), land absorption norms and land
requirement by each intermediate and product category is provided in Annexure 2 a & b. The
information on current capacity, past and future growth rates etc. of markets have been
compiled from reliable Government sources, Industry associations and publications of
reputed consultants and our own industry experience as consultants. Some of the sources are
given under Annexure 2 a and b.

5.6. Land Demand Potential for KINFRA Park

A detailed SWOT analysis of the area has been done to assess the demand potential for the
proposed KNFRA petrochemical Park. The SWOT analysis carried is summarized:

S T R E N G T H W E A K N E S S

• Assured supply of Basic building blocks like • High marketing Logistic Cost of end products
Ethylene and Propylene from BPCL and several to reach other parts of the country- East, West
other petrochemical intermediates /feedstocks in and North India.
the catchment. • Poor perception of potential investors about
• Proximity to Major Gateway port for seamless Industry culture in Kerala especially labour
connectivity to major international destinations related issues.
for exports and imports of chemicals. • Small size Local market.
• Excellent social and Urban infrastructure at • Comparatively much Higher Land cost
doorstep – help attracting managerial talent. compared to other established hubs in west
• Ready availability of trained manpower due to India and other proposed PCPIRs and chemical
presence of large Refinery and other chemical zones.
units in close proximity- BPCL, HOCL, FACT etc.
• Presence of LNG terminal offering low cost, clean
and efficient energy source to the units.
• Low Feedstock logistics cost.
• Ample availability of water – lifeline for chemical
plants.
• Lower logistics cost for finished goods to Southern
region compared to supplies from Gujarat and
Maharashtra (major hub).
• The Government of India has launched the Draft
National Chemical Policy, which aims to increase
the share of chemical sector in the country’s GDP.

O P P O R T U N I T Y T H R E A T

• Strong growth drivers of the industry- Rise in GDP • Environment Issues may delay the time frame
and purchasing power, Low cost manufacturing, • Reliance – Mega Investment for same
World class engineering and strong R&D derivatives may offer competition.
Capability; Government policy support. • Gujarat – Maharashtra offer considerable
• South India accounts for almost 25 to 30% share advantage of established hubs in attracting
of the chemical end products consumption but potential investments.
account for limited production. • Possible dumping by China with Global
Capacities in range of products.

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• Rapid growth in end consuming Markets (10 -20%) • FTA agreements with several neighbouring
offer scope for end product manufacturing for countries also may pose challenge in negating
domestic market in general and local markets in advantages of manufacturing vis a vis imports
particular. due to inverted duty structures.
• Possibility of Contract Production by large end • Likely competition from PCPIRs in the state of
product manufacturers. Gujarat, AP and Orissa which are pitching
• Critical size of domestic market ensuring viability aggressively for investments from
of setting globally economic size capacities for Petrochemical and Chemical sector and
various petrochemicals. also/are venturing into integrated
• Surplus Propylene and Ethylene available from Petrochemical refineries-IOCL/HPCL.
BPCL for planning medium size Petrochemical
Intermediate Projects in the Park.
• During the period of 2014-2020, products worth $
6.3 Bn are expected to go off-patent which will
provide Indian generic product manufacturers an
opportunity to expand their market presence and
grow organically.
• Potential to attract NRIs and other native
industrialist located in other parts of the country
• Possibility to create a first of its kind chemical
cluster like China, Singapore and Germany giving
tremendous advantages on operating and capital
costs and wide-ranging services to the
incumbents.
Source: Primary survey

The major advantage of KINFRA proposed petrochemical Park is the availability of surplus
Basic building blocks of Petrochemicals like Ethylene and Propylene and large quantities of
other petrochemical intermediates in the neighbourhood for value additions. This is one of
the most important requirements for attracting investors who generally prefer to either locate
plants close to source of feedstock or consumption centres. Analysis of the SWOT indicates
that while there are huge opportunities for setting up the Park there will be equal challenges
for attracting investments due to competition from other states/PCPIRs who are aggressively
pitching for investments. The main challenge would be for attracting investors who generally
have perceived poor image of the Kerala as manufacturing destinations and may prefer to
locate the units in Gujarat or Maharashtra where there is major concentration of
manufacturing industry as well as end markets. However, the perceived strength of location,
wide demand supply gaps of several products, availability of critical feed stocks together with
attractive policy / incentive package and well-designed marketing strategy should ensure
investments coming here.
Considering the situation as it exists, we have determined the accessible market potential for
KINFRA Park for each of the product categories using detailed analysis.
a) Intermediates:
The critical factors responsible for attracting investments in intermediates are the
proximity to feedstock and markets. KINFRA Park has the dual advantage of being next to
BPCL refinery, the source of feedstock and also has access to the entire Indian market
which is currently importing all of these intermediates. Thus the 100% land market
potential for India for these intermediates is accessible to KINFRA. The total land that can
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be deployed by KINFRA for intermediates will however be constrained by limited amount

of surplus feedstock that can be spared by BPCL for outside units. Our discussions with
BPCL indicates that most of the intermediates will be produced by them, however they
could still make some small quantities of surplus building blocks like ethylene, Propylene
and butylene and first-generation intermediates like Acrylic Acid, EO, PO, etc., for
producing next level of intermediates in the Park, which may find further application for
value addition for producing specialty chemicals in the Park itself
So even though the entire 938 acres (Refer Table 5-5) of land required in India over the
next 10 years for these intermediates are accessible to KINFRA, the actual land that can
be filled based on available surplus feedstock will be quite limited, at best 15% of the All
India Market Potential as given in Table below for individual feedstock:
Table 5-6: Accessible Land area potential for KINFRA for Intermediates (2017-27)
Likely avg. output Likely Demand for
Surplus feedstock from BPCL
Possible Intermediates of Intermediates Land-Acres
and others Qty in KTA
in kta
Immovable Feedstock from BPCL
Propylene Epichlorohydrine (ECH);
Iso Propyl Alcohol (IPA);
60 1 X 15 Acre
~ 40 kta Ethylene Propylene Diene
monomer (EPDM)

Iso butylene Polyisobutylene (PIB);

Tertiary Butyl Alcohol; Alkyl
Phenols; Butylated
90 1 X 25 Acre
~60 kta Hydroxytoluene (BHT), butyl
rubber, Isoprene, Methacrylic
Acid, MMA
2 butene
Secondary Butyl Alcohol / MEK 120 2 X 15 Acre
~100 Kta

Ethylene

20 to 25 KTA VCM (Vinyl chloro Monomer);

60 1 X 15 Acres
VAE (Vinyl Acetate Ethylene)

Ethylene Oxide
Ethanol Amines; Glycol Ethers;
35 1 X 10 Acres
~10 KTA Ethylene carbonate; others

Propylene Oxide
Iso – propanolamine Propylene
Glycol ethers na na
na (BPCL not clear on supply)
Propylene Carbonate; others

Accessible land area to KINFRA for non-moveable feedstock

~ 95 Acres
(2017-27)

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Moveable Feedstock from BPCL

MEG
PET Chips 100 1 X 25 Acres
60 KTA
Caprolactum
Nylon Chips 60 1 X 15 Acres
50 KTA
Accessible land area to KINFRA for moveable feedstock (2017-27) 40 Acres
Grand total Land required based on available feedstock 135 Acres
Source: Available surplus feedstock from BPCL, conversion norms of feedstock to intermediates taken from
Tecnon Orbichem Chemical conversion factors /consultant assessment and Land absorption norms based on
expert assessment as per Annexure 2a & b.

The likely quantity of intermediates that can be produced out of surplus feedstock is
estimated based on conversion factors varying between 0.3 tons to 0.75 tons of feedstock
per ton of intermediates. Based on the average norm of 4000 tons/yr of intermediates
production per acre of land, around 95 acres of land is accessible to KINFRA Park based on
available surplus immoveable feedstock and 40 Acres based on movable feedstock. As can
be seen this still leaves lot of all India land demand potential to be absorbed by competition
and other clusters that are in existence or may come up in future.
b) Specialty Chemicals
Specialty chemicals projects are sensitive to proximity to feedstock and markets as well as
quality of infrastructure support. The industry together needs large number of feedstock
in small quantities to produce end chemicals which further are used in other fine chemicals,
drugs or in end products. KNFRA Park will have access to some of the critical feedstock
from BPCL that are used in specialty chemicals like Oxo Alcohols, Acrylic Acid, Acrylates,
Benzene, Toluene etc as well as from other intermediates that are likely to be produced
within the Park based on available feedstock from BPCL. The Specialty chemicals normally
find applications in end consuming markets like Packaging, Food, Textiles, Construction,
Drug intermediates, Personal care products, automobiles etc which are wide spread across
the country. The accessible market potential for KINFRA Park for these chemicals has been
assumed based on its geographical reach of consumption markets. The entire South Indian
consumption can be catered from KINFRA Park which is currently sourcing the specialty
chemicals from Gujarat and Maharashtra. We have accordingly taken accessible market
share as 32% which is assumed based on overall GDP share of South Indian states in total
GDP of the country. The overall land market accessible to specialty chemicals to KINFRA
Park over the next 10 years period is accordingly estimated at 32% of the total All India
land requirement of 1600 acres (Table 3) or 512 Acres. The KINFRA has excellent chance of
capturing good market share. The intermediates that are expected to be produced within
the Park and those like Oxo Alcohols etc. available from BPCL itself can be used to produce
large number of specialty chemicals. Assuming that around 4.5 Lakh tons of available
intermediates produced within the Park and available from BPCL can possibly be converted
into specialty chemicals, it is estimated that about 0.9 mn tons/yr of specialty chemicals
can overall be produced at input norm of 50%. Accordingly, a total land requirement of
almost 350 acres may be accessible for specialty chemicals over the next 10 years at
absorption rate of 2500 tons/yr /acre of land as observed in these chemicals.

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c) Drugs and Pharmaceuticals:

Drug and Pharmaceutical units also have similar traits as specialty chemicals but are more
sensitivity to infrastructure and proximity to urban centres. Availability of feedstock and
market proximity also is important factor in siting the project but not as important as they
can be sourced over long distances including imports. In fact, 70% of the raw materials for
Pharma sector is met through imports. KINFRA Park due to its excellent infrastructure and
location close to urban centre will be in a position to attract investments in this sector. It
will also have access to some of the pharmaceutical fine chemicals and solvents from BPCL
as well as the specialty chemicals proposed to be manufactured in the Park. The accessible
market here again can be assumed as the entire South India market (32% share of all India)
as logistic costs are small % of end product prices. Given that KINFRA will have excellent
infrastructure support next to urban city will allow it to access the entire share of 32% of
South Indian market resulting in total accessible land of around 1200 acres (32% share of
3,750 acres of all India demand) over next 10 years. The actual penetration could be lesser
due to competition from other states and clusters in the region who are widely promoting
this sector. Given the competition in the region conservatively it will be prudent to take a
share of 5% as the accessible market in proportion to the share of the Kerala state GDP in
the country’s overall GDP which will result in demand for land of about 190 acres (5% share
of all India Land) over next 10 years. The feedstock for the industry can be sourced from all
over the catchment, the country and from world over as being done by other clusters /
states.
d) End Products
The end products like paints and adhesives etc. are normally produced where they need to
be consumed and are mostly within 100 to 200 km radius of the consumption zones due
to their higher logistics costs. The accessible market share for KINFRA for the end products
like Paints, Adhesives and Inks etc. has been conservatively assumed based on the share of
200 kms catchment area GDP in the country’s overall GDP which is about 5%. This will result
in total requirement of about 27 acres of accessible land area for the Park over next 10
years (@ 5% share of All India land potential of 530 acres). The other end products like PU
components and SAP by virtue of high value addition and lower logistic cost as % of end
product price can move over larger distance and can access larger market geographies. The
entire South Indian market can be accessed from the Park for these products. Assuming
32% share of the consumption of South in all India requirements (in share of its GDP), the
accessible market for land has been estimated at 192 and 96 acres respectively for
PU/Nylon and SAP based components (@ 32% share of All India land potential of 600 and
300 acres). The actual available quantities of SAP, Acrylates and Polyols from BPCL for these
end products can actually result in higher land areas if the entire feedstock was to be
consumed within the state.
The total land demand accessible to KINFRA Park accordingly by various product segments has
been estimated in the table 5-7.

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Table 5-7: Accessible market Potential of Land for KINFRA Park for target Petrochemicals and Chemicals (Year 2017-
27)

Accessible Plotted area for KINFRA park - Most likely

Acres accessible Plotted
India
Land Area for
Product Category potential - Based on Accessible
Based on Accessible KINFRA Park
Acres Market-Acres
Feed Stock-Acres (Acres)
(% share)

Intermediates 938 938 (100%) 135 135

Specialty chemicals 1600 512(32%) 350 350

Drugs (APIs) &

3750 190 (5%) 190* 190
Pharmaceuticals

End Products

Paints/Inks and
530 27 (5%) 95 95
adhesives

PU /Nylon
600 192 (32%) 200 200
Components

SAP based Hygiene

300 96 (32%) 90 90
products

TOTAL-Acres 1430 1955 (25%) 1060 1060

Source: Accessible markets based on Consultant’s assessment as described in the explanation above.

 For Drugs and Pharma, the accessible land required based on feedstock availability is
taken same as the market accessible land as locations are not very sensitive to feedstock
proximity.
It can be seen that Land Demand based on market and feedstock access varies from product
to product category. The actual land requirement in the Park demand will be dictated either
by available feedstock’s while in others where feedstock is not an issue it will be dictated by
market access. In intermediates the surplus feedstock availability from BPCL will be the prime
consideration and can result in maximum land demand of 135 acres (95 acres for immoveable
feedstock and 45 acres for moveable feedstock) against large all India accessible market (938
Acres) over next 10 years. In the case of specialty chemicals almost 350 acres of land can be
accessed based on the feedstock that will be available in the catchment in future (2017-27).
The drug and pharmaceutical market is actually more sensitive to infrastructure availability
and proximity to major metro based on GDP share of the state and accordingly 190 acres can
be accessed to the Park over next 10 years based on market accessibility. Based on similar
logic the land accessed to end products based on markets and feedstock available has been
worked out. It is feedstock availability that will largely dictate the overall land market potential
accessible to KINFRA which works out to almost 1,060 acres over the next 10 years. This works
out to almost 13% share of the all India land market potential of almost 7,718 acres (refer
Table 5-5) over the corresponding period.

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5.7. KINFRA Park Land Allocation & Phasing

The total land area of the Park is 489.46 acres. Excluding the 15.34 acres of land area for the
Road, the available land for the Park is 474.12 acres. Out of this BPCL will be allocated 150
acres land for their future projects. Accordingly, the balance land available with KINFRA to
carve out plots will be 324.12 acres. According to master plan the plotted land available in
KINFRA Petro Park is 225 acres (both for utilities and manufacturing units). The Plotted land
allocated for manufacturing units in targeted Petrochemicals and chemicals is 203 acres which
is around 20% of the total Land market accessible of 1060 acres.

The land has to be judiciously allocated to each product category depending on its importance
in terms of availability of Feedstock, the investment it can bring and the value addition it can
create, its ease of marketing and the competition from other similar Parks. Some share may
have to be left for other competing zones and PCPIRs being prosed in the Southern region.
o Intermediates: Based on the limitations of supply of the feedstock from BPCL, a very
conservative saleable land of 96 acres has been allocated only for the immovable feedstock
from BPCL for the next level of intermediates. Since there is wide choice of intermediates
that can be manufactured out of the surplus feedstock, this land has good chance of being
marketed.
o Specialty Chemicals: These chemicals are manufactured in smaller quantities but are wide
ranging and bring in high value addition. Some of the feedstock and key solvents for these
chemicals will be met from BPCL and next level of intermediates proposed to be
manufactured in the Park. Also ease of imports due to Cochin Port can lead to investments
in wide ranging specialty chemicals including Surfactants; Polymer additives like
Plasticizers, heat stabilizers, flame retardants, and antioxidants; personal care ingredients,
Construction chemicals like concrete admixtures, super plasticizers, flooring chemicals;
Water chemicals like flocculants, defoamers, and disinfectants, Detergent additives and
Textile finishing chemicals etc. Even though 350 acres of land is accessible to KINFRA based
on marketing study, we have proposed a nominal of 33 acres of plotted area (10% share
of the accessible market) due to constraint of the land availability and need to represent
diversity of sectors to mitigate risks.
o Drugs and Pharmaceuticals: A plotted area of only 30 acres (out of total 190 acres of easily
market accessible land area) has been allocated in the park for this sector over the next 10
years, which is 15% of the accessible market. A very small area has been considered again
due to land area constraints.
o End Products: A plotted area of only 38 acres has been taken for end products like Paints,
Coatings, Emulsions, Adhesives, Inks, SAP, PU products etc. This again is small 9 to 10%
share of the total accessible Land market potential of almost 385 acres as per Table 5-5.
o Ancillary and Support Industries for BPCL and the Park: These include manufacture of
packaging materials, Industrial Gas etc., besides other related industries which can use the
infrastructure and services at the location. A nominal 4 acres have been allocated towards
them on adhoc basis.
o Common Facilities: As per the requirement of the various industries that will come up in
the area, around 15 acres of land has been allocated for this purpose.

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It may be mentioned that that there is large flexibility in allocating land for various sub sectors
as mentioned above. The proposed allocation is only one way of allocating based on informed
judgment. Depending on the future trends in investment the allocation by sub sectors may
undergo change. The proposed saleable/plotted land as allocated by categories is summarized
in Table below. The land sales will be in Phases depending on the time schedule of feedstock
availability from BPCL for different category of target Products.
Table 5-8: Plotted Land Allocation by Product Categories –KINFRA Park (Acres)

Next 5
Now Till 5 Years
Product Category Years Total Plot Sizes (Acres)
2019-2022
2023++

Intermediate Chemicals 70 25 95 10/15

Specialty Chemicals 32 8 40

Pharmaceutical APIs 30 0 30

End Products Paints / 1/2/5/10/15

26 0 26
Adhesives / Inks

 End Products Based on

Polyurethane and Super - 10 10
Absorbent Polymer (SAP)

Ancillary / Support Units 2 2 1/2

 CETP (5)
 Central Utilities and
Water supply (2)
 Technical center &
Common Facilities 15 15
Administration (2)
 Warehouse, Logistics
and trading Hub
including Parking (6)

TOTAL 175 43 218

Source: Consultant’s assessment as per explanation above

It can be seen that while there is demand for the land, its absorption will take its own time.
The time frame will depend on the feedstock availability schedule which will be supplied in
Phases. According to our informed judgment the total land can conservatively be absorbed in
about 7 to 8 years through proper marketing efforts as indicated in table 5-8 above. Some of
the feedstock’s like Propylene, Acrylic Acid, Oxo Alcohols, Acrylates, Iso butylene and refinery
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by products can be made available by first half of 2019 and accordingly the land demand for
the products based on them can come in the phase 1 in first 5 years. Products based on
Ethylene, Ethylene oxide, Polyols, SAP may be likely by 2022/23 and the land absorption for
these downstream products may come towards 2023.
The plot area/sizes are illustrative of typical units and have to be flexible to meet the varied
requirement of the investors.

5.8. The Proposed KINFRA Park Concept

The success of proposed KINFRA Petrochemical Park will greatly depend upon its concept and
type of activities that will be planned within the zone besides nature of incentives and policy
package offered by the State Government. The Park will have to be in line with the successful
international Chemical Parks if it has to draw investments. Valuable insights can be drawn for
the KINFRA Park by studying the models of Global Chemical Hubs. There are definite
differences in the context and conditions in which these global hubs have thrived. However,
many case studies on excellence in planning and execution are there to be identified,
interpreted and analyzed to suit Indian requirement. In our analysis we have considered
examples of German chemical parks (Europe), Jurong Singapore (SE Asia) and Shanghai
Chemical Industry Park from China. We have also looked at features of some of the recently
implemented chemical Parks in India like Dahej PCPIR Gujarat & Mangalore Petrochemical
SEZ. While proposing the concept /facility mix we have also factored user / potential investor’s
perception and their needs through a pilot primary survey.

5.8.1. Benchmarking of Select Chemical Parks by World Regions

Detailed literature survey was carried to benchmark select chemical Parks from different
regions of the world to understand the lessons that could be replicated for proposed KINFRA
Park. A detailed write up on each of the select Park including examples from Germany, China,
Singapore and India has been included in Annexure 3. Table 5-9 summarizes salient features
of these Parks.
SCOPEIN' Management consultancy, a reputed German consulting firm carried a
benchmarking exercise of chemical Parks drawn from various world regions viz: Europe, SE
Asia (Singapore), China, Middle East and USA on some of the key parameters to draw lessons
on site attractiveness and competitiveness from investors perspective. Figure 5-3 shows a
global benchmarking comparison of chemical sites of different world regions on 13 success
factors.

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Figure 5-3: Global Benchmarking Comparison “Chemical Sites' Success Factors

Source: Evaluation Framework for Global Site Benchmarking by SCOPEIN' Management consultancy

The most important and still valid conclusion drawn from this benchmarking of the worlds'
leading chemical industry parks is that the "ideal chemical site for all kinds of investments with
best-in-class chemical production conditions" does not exist. Instead, each site offers a
portfolio of favourable and less favourable factors to be evaluated according to the projects'
specific requirements. The challenge for globally operating chemical companies is to find the
best-fit investment location facing the heterogeneity of chemical production locations. At the
same time, it is an opportunity for chemical industry parks and their operators to present
themselves at their best. The Global Site Benchmarking is key to both, identifying optimization
levers for increased competitiveness for the own site and having a detailed and structured set
of information regarding strengths and weaknesses of other worldwide leading chemical
Industry Parks.
a) Chemical Industry Parks in Europe
European chemical production sites provide very stable production conditions thanks to
their long production history and highly professional site operators as seen in German Park.
They are one of the best when it comes to protecting intellectual property, Environment
safety and health, site services and project handling aspects. Here, site service providers
offer a very comprehensive site service portfolio and reliable infrastructure for chemical
production companies according to the Plug & Play principle, leading to a high degree of
customer satisfaction. A further main advantage of European sites is the availability of well-
qualified personnel on all levels as well as reasonable Environment Safety and Health (ESH)
regulations. In general, investment cost levels are higher than at the Asian sites because of
higher material, construction and engineering costs, but far lower than expected cost
levels in the Middle East.
European chemical industry faces a context that is overall quite favorable to strong cluster
initiatives. But there are specific challenges that cluster initiatives need to react to, either
through appropriate organizational choices or through launching targeted activities.
Regional governments tend to be well developed, widely engaged in economic
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development activities, and in most cases open to collaboration with companies. National
governments and European institutions share the overall interest in economic
development but in the past, there has also often been, especially at EU level, a tension
between cluster mobilization and other policy goals.
 Environmental regulations have been a strong focus of EU policies. The regulation of
chemical substances through REACH has been a major effort with significant impact on
chemical companies operating in Europe. The dialogue between industry and government
agencies has been problematic, undermining the mutual trust necessary for cluster
initiatives to work.

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Table 5-9: Comparison of salient features of Chemical Parks/Zones across the world

Shanghai Chemical Mangalore Special

Dahej PCPIR Jurong German Chem Park
Industry Park Economic Zone

Year of
2004 2001 2008 1990 1990
Establishment
Germany has 35 chemical parks
Total Area located all over the Country with
12500 Ha 2940 Ha 640 Ha 3000 Ha
(in Acres) areas generally ranging between
200 to 600 hectares
Location is not so good from the Located in the south Strategic location 15 kms Jurong Island is linked to Each park has excellent location
point of view of proximity to of the Shanghai city at North of Mangalore next to the main island by a and connectivity via road, air and
social and urban infrastructure about 60 kms from refinery. Good Road, Rail 2.3 km causeway known good access to ports to reach any
and connectivity by Air and Rail the main city. and Air connectivity with as the Jurong Island part of the world. Each of the park
Main rail head 50 kms away and Excellent location rest of the country. Located Highway, several public is connected additionally to a
nearest Airport 140 kms at close to major midway between Cochin - bus services run between network of pipelines for natural
Baroda. consuming center of Mumbai on NH - 66. Jurong Island and the gas, naphtha, hydrogen, carbon
China. mainland, operated by monoxide and technical gases
Port connectivity is also poor. Very well connected Mangalore International Woodlands Transport. available from all over Europe.
Location & The current Dahej port is poorly to international and Airport is just 5 kms away
Connectivity equipped to handle cargo and domestic markets from MSEZ. Jurong has Excellent sea Investment is being made all the
dependence is mostly on JNPT Very well connected and Air connectivity to rest time to improve provision across
and Mundra which are far through expressways New Mangalore Port a of the world. the existing logistics
away. and rail to various deep draft major port is infrastructure.
parts of the country., just 8 kms from MSEZ,
connecting well-developed
The nearest airport countries across the globe.
Pudong International
Airport) is about 50
kms away

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Located in Gujarat state which Easy access to large Close proximity to Jurong’s major advantage The product offerings and
is hub of chemical industries in Chinese domestic excellent social is its location and product infrastructure at
India, providing easy access to markets. educational and urban offerings. Jurong island is parks and the
markets in close proximity. infrastructure at model of industry market
Large amount of Mangalore city. integration. Companies attractiveness of
Feedstock Advantage: Raw assured feedstock share common facilities Germany itself is
material available in plenty from large no of Quick Start Advantage: and infrastructure and can the major draw for
from companies within Dahej Petrochemical Plug-n-play infrastructure buy and sell feedstock and investments. The
SEZ & from companies in DTA projects present with graded plots, power, products literally over the investors see
area and the huge chemical within the Park. water and drainage fence. following benefits
cluster in Ankleshwar.in specific connections up to the in the parks
and Gujarat in general Relatively large area doorsteps and zone level By leveraging the large  Optimal economic conditions
of the Park provides Environment Clearance base of manufacturers  Professional settlement
SEZ related fiscal incentives are economy of scales for offer a Quick Start present. Companies in support
available to units operating in common Advantage. Jurong island are able to  Investment benefits through
Key strategic
Dahej SEZ apart from duty free infrastructure and reduce capital costs and existing infrastructure
advantages
imports, and income tax facility providers. Well Connected: By Air, operating costs by  Flexibilization and
exemptions on exports income; Sea, Rail and Road to outsourcing their optimization of business
no specific incentives in DTA Financial incentives various parts of the country manufacturing needs to model
area for R&D, like letting and abroad specialized third-party  Focusing on core business
companies take tax providers on the island  Time and cost benefits
deductions for R&D Feedstock Advantage: Raw who supply utilities like through offered individual
costs material available in plenty steam, hydrogen, cooling services
from companies within water, storage DM water,  Synergy potentials resulting
Incentives for MSEZ from neighboring 15 effluent treatment, from optimum structures
innovative products, mn ton refinery & from industrial gasses ports and (e.g. links to supply chain,
such as government Companies within 5 kms terminal facilities and connections to research
subsidies radius of MSEZ. even emergency services institutes)
with all benefiting from  Benefits from integrated
All major common Possibility to import low economy of scales. know-how structures
facilities available in cost feedstock from Gulf

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the zone through through Mangalore Port Presence of large no of  Availability of various
private which is just 10 kms away refineries and cracker feedstocks from all over
concessionaire from the zone. projects provide wide Europe through pipeline
models ranging feedstock to network connecting each
SEZ related fiscal incentives potential downstream Park
are available to units investors to invest in large
operating in Mangalore SEZ range of end products.
apart from duty free
imports, and income tax
exemptions on exports
income

Range of investments drawn Investments in Aromatic complex, PTA, Refining, Crackers, Petrochemical intermediates,
from Crackers, Polymers, Ethylene crackers, PET, Specialty chemicals, petrochemical Agrochemicals, Basic chemicals,
Petrochemical intermediates, polyester chips, APIs, Indian strategic intermediates and Bio-based Chemicals,
specialty chemicals, Pharma, Engineering petroleum reserves ltd - specialty chemicals Biotechnology, Catalysts,
Allied chemical industries, polymers-MMA, Industrial Gases, Packaging,
Engineering and Ancillary Polycarbonates, Investments exceeding $50 billion worth of Pharmaceuticals, Polymers,
industries Petrochemical USD $2.5 billion investments Refinery/Petrochemicals,
Type of
Intermediates – Bis- Specialty and Fine Chemicals
investments,
Total aggregate investments of phenol, Isocynates
$ 22 bn till now Formaldehyde etc.,
Specialty chemicals,

Aggregate investment
of USD 10.56 billion.

Current SEZ Land completely sold out; Being large area land Almost 70% of the SEZ land Land still available as it is a Land in various parks available to
Occupancy in DTA large parcels sold out is still available has been leased over last 5 large format project different extents. Some parks
Details but land still available years fully occupied

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Management Professionally managed by

structure of SCIP is private operators
based on
“autonomous
administration
committee
development
company model”.
Jointly promoted by Oil &
Administration
Natural Gas Corporation
Committee has
(ONGC and Infrastructure
responsibility for the
Leasing & Finance Services
Promoted jointly by Gujarat project approval
(IL&FS), one of India's JTC is the lead government
industrial development process and business
leading infrastructure agency responsible for the
Management corporation (GIDC) and Oil & coordination between
development and finance development &
Format Natural Gas Corporation the city government,
companies, Karnataka maintenance of Jurong
(ONGC) for development of SCIP and SCIP
Industrial Area island
Special Economic Zone (SEZ). Development Co. Ltd.
Development Board
in matters relating to
(KIADB) and Kanara
development &
Chamber of Commerce and
construction of
Industry (KCCI).
infrastructure, utility
services, waste
disposal, investor
acquisition and land
leases. SCIPDC is a
public company, and
the companies at the
site are the major
shareholders.

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Low Modest
INR 1730 per sqm Average INR 1.5 Cr per Acre
O&M Charges - INR 15 per sqm lease premium;

O&M Charges - INR 110 per

sqm per year. + Rs 1
Investment
Modest lakh/acre/yr lease rental High High
Cost levels
There is dual price
structure of land with
separate prices for
intermediates (higher) and
downstream industries
(lower).
Fire & Safety Services  Water Plant  Arrangements for Utilities such as seawater,  Tailor-made services
 Fire Safety Service station is  Waste Water assured water and steam, compressed air & The local operators of the
Operational in Dahej SEZ. Treatment Plant Power supply common facilities and Chemical Parks offer investors a
Weigh Bridge Service  Incinerator  Administrative Block services such as berths broad range of services, covering
Hotel & Convention Centre  Jetty and Tank  Fire and safety services and security firefighting all activities from planning to
Food Court Farm  Fire Hydrant services to ensure the construction and operation of
Security Service  Construction Jetty  Residential areas efficient and safe plants. These services often
 Service Agency for Security  Industrial Gases within the zone operation of the Complex. include the provision of energy
Portfolio of & Traffic is in place.  Co-gen  Security and and water, disposal of liquid
services Training Center  Pipe rack surveillance Jurong Island has two fire waste and other waste materials,
 ITI centres are opened in  Fire Fighting  Storage and third party stations process and plant safety, as well
Dahej Industrial Area Station logistic services as environmental protection,
outside SEZ.  Feedstock availability Amenity center known security and fire prevention.
 Railway head
Medical Centre as Oasis@Sakra that
 Administration facilitation
 A new Hospital at Dahej is Center  Landscaping houses a food court  Fast start-up on a “plug and
under construction.  Custom offices play” basis
Other Services Medical clinic At the early stage of investment,
 Housekeeping the local operators help investors

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 Plantation Free-of-charge multi- comply with national regulations.

Administrative Block storey car parking Established processes and
Custom Office in SEZ contacts with competent public
. Training and skill authorities expedite licensing
development center procedures so that activities can
within Jurong start on a “plug and play basis”.
Companies can obtain energy
supplies, raw materials and
intermediates and use plants and
facilities collectively.

 Public relations
 Crisis communication
 Training (vocational /
advanced)
 Medical services
 Technical and maintenance
services
 Warehousing and logistics
 Engineering and planning
 Facilities management
 Analytical services
 Event management
 Safety/quality/environmental
control
 Power grid services
Roads  Waterworks & Island houses Pulau Seraya Parks are interconnected via
 Graded plots
 RCC Roads with Street lights waste water Power Station. numerous pipelines, as well as
Infrastructure  Pipeline-cum-road
 Strom Water Disposal treatment plant being linked to neighboring
offered connectivity to
(SWD) facility alongside by Sino-French Island has a network of countries.
Mangalore Seaport
road Water pipelines that allows for

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Water Development Co.,  Well planned wide seamless integration Well-developed network of
 Water distribution network Ltd, roads network for among companies. pipelines connects the Chemical
for 10 MGD water supply. internal and external Parks to the European
Water Reservoirs, Pumping  Waste incinerator connectivity Two major cargo jetties on transshipment centers for
Stations and ESRs in both by Swire SITA  Seamless power supply Jurong Island, namely mineral oil, natural gas, ethylene,
parts of SEZ. Waste Services from State Grid through Sakra Jetty and Banyan Propylene and naphtha.
 A Desalination project is Ltd. robust power Jetty. Sakra Jetty is
being set up to meet infrastructure managed and controlled All common facilities are being
additional water  Heating and  Complete water by ExxonMobil. provided for Utilities, waste and
requirement of SEZ units. power station management from effluent management etc.
Drainage / Effluent Disposal with cogeneration drawing water from Central utility facilities
 Underground pipeline for by Singapore rivers to purification to supplying steam, DM
collection of treated SembCorp distribution Water, cooling water, ETPs
effluent. Collection Sump Utilities.  Waste water collection, etc., through multiple
and Guard Pond in both part process and disposal suppliers
of SEZ.  Dock and tank system
Power storage facilities  24/7 security
 33/11 KV Two sub-stations – by Vopak of surveillance and
one each in Part I & Part II Holland. emergency
are set up. Power management system
distribution network is in  Sinopal, a JV
place. between Air
 Power Project of 1200 MW Liquide and
is under implementation in Praxair, supplies
SEZ. industrial gases

Gas Supply
 Gujarat State Petronet Ltd.
(GSPL) is co-developer for
gas distribution within SEZ.

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Telecommunication and Data

Transmission
 BSNL is Co-developer for
Telecommunication and
data transmitting Network.
Township/Housing Blocks
 Atali - Housing complex
about 10 Kms. from Dahej
SEZ is developed by GIDC in
which Units located in SEZ
are offered plots.
Air pollutants; Air pollutants Air Pollutants: Air pollutants
Gas emissions: SO2 and NOx Air pollutants
SO2 and NOx due to SO2 and NOx due to the Air emissions including VOC
from stacks and Chlorine from
the fuels burnt in the fuels burnt in the Aromatic Atmospheric emissions emissions from reactor vents,
processes
Refineries, Crackers Crackers; VOC emissions in from the complex can be material loading and unloading in
Point source of emissions:
and major various processes; Fugitive broadly categorized into dryers , filtering systems,
stack, vent (e.g. laboratory
intermediates; emissions in pimps, valves, extraction chemicals, acid gases
hood, distillation unit, reactor, Channelized (Ducted) and
Type of Incomplete flanges; Solvent vapors in etc; solvent vapors from
storage tank vent), material fugitive emissions
Pollutants/ combustion Aromatic complex etc. purification tanks, fugitive
loading/ unloading operations (equipment leaks). The
Effluents compounds, such as emissions, odoriferous gases
(including rail cars, tank trucks, Waste water /effluents main air pollutants
generated CO and CxHy; VOC Waste water/effluents
and marine vessels) Fugitive Waste water contain Oil includė - Sulphur oxides
from the and CO emissions
emissions (Leaks) : pumps, and grease, Organic (SO2, SO3) and other Waste water consist of Oil and
Parks from vents; Solvent
valves, flanges, sample matters with very high sulphur compounds (H2S, Grease, Organic matters,
collection, mechanical seals, Vapors, SPM and HC CS2, COS)
BOD and COD, heavy Equipment wash solvent/water,
relief devices, tanks Secondary etc ; Particulate
metals, solvents etc. ̇ Nitrogen oxides (NOx, lab samples, surplus chemicals,
emissions: waste and matter (such as dust,
N2O) and other nitrogen product Washes /purifications,
wastewater treatment units, soot, alkali, heavy Currently 3.5 mld CETP
compounds (NH3, HCN) seal flushes, scrubber blow
cooling tower, process sewer, metals) with possible plant has been set up
down, cooling water, steam jets,
sump, spill/leak areas carcinogenic which is now proposed to

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Properties; Fugitive be expanded to 6 mld ̇ Halogens and their vacuum pumps, leaks, spills,
Waste Water/Effluents: emissions from capacity. Besides OMPL compounds (Cl2, Br2, HF, spent/used solvents,
various equipment (Aromatic complex) has its HCl, HBr) housekeeping (pad wash-down),
Waste water contains high own treatment facility for waste oils /lubricants from
̇ Incomplete combustion
COD, BOD, Dissolved solids, 10 mld of waste water. maintenance. Process water may
compounds, such as CO
Organic chemicals, heavy Waste water/ include chemicals like Methanol,
Solid wastes: and CxHy
metals, and cyanides etc effluents: Ethanol, Acetone, Isopropanol,
Currently only 19 small to Municipality wastes: ̇ Volatile organic Toluene etc .
Waste waters consist
medium units are using CETP Organic waste from compounds (VOC) which
of Inorganic Solid wastes: (non-hazardous
facility which together generate canteen, pantry etc; might encompass
sulphides, and hazardous) wastes are
13.3 mld of effluent. Inorganic and paper waste; compounds with
mercaptans, soluble generated.
Proposed 40 MLD capacities STP Sludge
hydrocarbons, carcinogenic potential
CETP in two stages factoring for These wastes can include off-
polymerised product, Hazardous waste: Used /
future needs and 90 MLD ̇ Particulate matter (such spec or obsolete raw materials or
phenolic compounds, spent Oil; Chemical sludge
submarine pipelines to carry as dust, soot, alkali, heavy products, spent solvents,
sulphide, cyanide, from ETP; Salt from MEE;
treated waste water of all the metals) with possible reaction residues, used
heavy oils, coke, Discarded containers /
plants in Dahej. (including the barrels / liners; Process carcinogenic
spent caustic, SOx, filter media, still bottoms, used
larger one’s not using CETP) NOx, hydrocarbons, residues and waste; Spent Properties. The main chemical reagents, dusts from
catalyst; Spent carbon; category of air pollutants
particulates, water filtration or air pollution control
Solid and hazardous wastes: Distillation Residues are combustion
borne waste equipment, raw material
Three categories of hazardous containing BOD, COD, emissions, VOCs and acid packaging wastes, laboratory
wastes generated from Suspended solid, oil, gases wastes, spills, as well as wastes
proposed CETP including ETP TSS, pH, Turbidity, generated during packaging of
Waste water/effluents
Sludge from Common Effluent and detergents etc. the formulated Product.Filter
Treatment Plant, Used oil from Include process and Non cakes and spent raw materials,
lubrication of Equipment and Currently 39.2 MLD Process waste waters Spent catalysts, spent filters,
Discarded Containers. of waste water is including spent solvents, sludges, wastewater treatment
being treated in the oil and grease, catalysts, biological sludge, contaminated
complex. Ultimate reactants; pump seal soil, old equipment/insulation,

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demand expected to waters, wet scrubber packaging material, reaction

reach 100 MLD; wastewater; equipment byproducts, spent carbon/resins,
cleaning wastewater; drying aids
An hazard waste
Dissolved organics,
incinerator plant with
volatile organic
capacity of 60,000
compounds, heavy
tons/yr installed
metals, hydrocarbons,
Hazardous, particulates, Inorganic
Processing and non- sulphides, mercaptans,
processing solid soluble hydrocarbons
waste: H2S, SOx, NOx,CO, water
Hazardous waste: Oil borne waste containing
sludge from ETP; BOD, COD, suspended
Slop Oil; Oil Rags, Oil solid, oil & grease,
contaminated toluene, benzene,
xylenes, HCl, chlorine,
cotton waste cadmium etc..
/contaminated Wastewater maybe high
packing; Waste in BOD, COD and TSS
lubricant oil and Used Non process water
oil; Spent catalyst; Oil includes cooling water,
sludge generated boiler blow down,
while sanitary waste water and
cleaning of heavy storm water runoff
tanks; Empty drums; CETP with 16.3 MLD
Spent Clays; Waste water treatment
Incinerator Ash capacity and 1150 tons
per day of waste to

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Process Related energy plant has been

Waste: installed; Should be noted
that some of the large
Equilibrium catalyst;
plants have their own
Biological sludge;
CETP and do not use the
Activated Carbon;
common facility.
Molecular Sieves;

Non-Processing
Waste:

Non processing
waste:

Scrap metal; Wooden

and Electrical scrap;
Plastic Bags; Scrape
carton box and Paper;
Used Tyres; Nylon
&Fibre scrap; Glass;
Waste cable Scrap;
Battery Scrap

Sources: Chemical Parks in Europe and China by Chemlot Management Consultants, German Chemical Parks website, Chemical Industry Parks in China by Achema World wise news, Role of
clusters in Chemical Industry by EPCA.
Note: It should be recognized that in case of environmental impact is concerned, the Chemical and Petrochemicals industry generate considerable air and water pollution but can be mitigated
through proper technologies. The exact information on pollution loads and characteristics is very difficult to obtain for each park separately as limited information is available for each separate
park in literature. Most of sources and type of Air and water pollutants for typical refineries, Crackers, Intermediates, Organic chemicals and Pharmaceuticals are mostly same, the values may
vary though. We have determined the type of pollutants generated for each park based on composition and type of projects existing in each of the Park and typical pollutants and its range for
each separate type of industry as available in literature. For large Parks like Jurong and Shanghai, the pollutant types are more akin to refineries, crackers and large intermediate projects,
whereas the German parks are more dealing in production of specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals etc hence pollutant types are more related to those kinds of industries.

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 Competition law is another key pillar of EU policy. Limitations to state aid and the risks of
joint activities between companies being found in violations of competition law have been
perceived as a barrier for launching cluster initiatives.
The leading chemical clusters in Europe have strong market positions and a rich set of supporting
and related industries.
 While the maturity of the European clusters provides clear advantages, it can make the
launch of a cluster initiative more complex. The legacy of relations can turn out to be a barrier
for effective collaboration. The presence of many competing companies can make it less
likely for any individual company to take the initiative and contribute to a common goal.
Clusters with a dominating anchor firm, like BASF in Ludwigshafen, seem to work well but
might also have less potential for cluster effects.
 The lower rate of market growth in Europe has a dampening effect on investment, leaving
European clusters with an aging capital stock. Only 16% of all investment projects in the
chemical industry occur in Europe compared to 35% in South East Asia and 27% in the Middle
East.

b) Chemical Industry Parks in the Middle East

Most Arabic states in the Middle East are actively looking for foreign investment and technology
partners following their economic development strategies, among others the settling of
downstream chemistry. Most chemical industry parks in the Middle East region are centrally
managed and developed by governmental institutions or state companies that are specifically
responsible for the construction and operation of basic infrastructure facilities (land provision).
Large investment programs in world-class chemical site infrastructure, such as in Qatar, and Yanbu
in Saudi Arabia generate very favorable conditions for investments and operations. Concerning
the economic and administrative conditions, foreign companies need a local sponsor to establish
joint ventures that are characterized by a statutorily fixed share distribution among the partners.
The favorable logistical location in the Middle East between Europe and Asia and the availability
of deep-water port access at major chemical sites are prerequisites to optimally serve the export-
oriented chemical production, especially because of a very small local customer market. Cheap
feedstock, access to the world's largest crude oil and natural gas reserves, good raw materials
availability and cost levels as well as very favorable electrical energy prices compared with all
other global sites are key investment advantages for the region.
Major challenges for investing companies are the limited availability of skilled labor and high
investment cost induced by extreme climatic conditions. Special materials, technologies and
maintenance services are required to achieve global utilization rates of the plants. The major
chemical clusters in middle east are located in Saudi Arabia like Yanbu and Jubail. As the region is
limited by, human capital shortages, government policies, and industry structure; the chemicals
cluster developed its capabilities around the gas value chain. Therefore, they by and large focused
on the commodity segment of the market but that is changing now.
c) Chemical Industry Parks in USA
In general, American chemical industry parks offer a very favorable environment for investments
and operations of chemical plants. They are the best in terms of site reputation and social
environment, infrastructure offerings, environment safety and employee care. The cost situation
regarding all major utilities such as electrical energy, steam and especially natural gas are at a
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world-class level. In addition, labor costs are approximately on the same level as in Europe,
whereas labor productivity is very high in comparison with the rest of the world. When
considering the economic and administrative environment, a rather high-income tax up to 39.5%,
due to high federal tax, has to be considered.
d) Chemical Industry Parks in Southeast Asia -Singapore
Investments in chemical industry parks in Southeast Asia, especially in Singapore, benefit from a
world-class administrational environment that offers very favorable tax incentives and shows a
very effective site commercialization and clearly defined site development strategy. They are the
best when it comes to site positioning strategy and production networks. Tax holidays up to 10
years and reduced income taxes are other important aspects. Site service provision and project
handling are considered as advanced as the Asian sites, but do not always meet high European
levels. Located close to one of the world's largest seaports, the region's leading chemical site
Jurong Island is well connected to the global customer and sourcing markets. Major disadvantages
are the electrical energy prices that are as high as at several chemical sites in Europe, e.g.,
chemical cluster Antwerp, but double the price of other Southeast Asian chemical sites.
Concerning qualified employees, comparable to the Middle East and China, there is a strong need
for internal company training on the job, because of missing dual education system. The German
education system still functions as a role model for several initiatives started in Asia and
elsewhere.
The chemical industry in Singapore faces a context that is also strong, notwithstanding the clear
structural differences between Singapore and Europe. Governments play a strong active role in
economic development in Singapore. The Singaporean government has developed a global
reputation for extreme efficiency and professionalism. The country views economic development
in partnership between government and companies as a national priority. The general business
environment is very strong in Singapore while the situation in China is more mixed. Singapore
benefits from a very efficient infrastructure, high openness to foreign companies, availability if
skilled local and expatriate labor, and the presence of many world-class companies in supporting
and related industries.
Singapore has developed a strong chemical cluster as the result of a determined strategy that has
persisted over many years. The Singaporean chemical cluster continues to receive major
investment commitments from foreign companies. Supporting logistical and financial services are
widely available, and the growing investments into biopharmaceuticals could present an
interesting future opportunity.
e) Chemical Industry Parks in China
Especially the large and dynamic customer market for chemicals as well as low investment and
labor costs put Chinese chemical industry parks in a favorable position when compared with other
sites. Labor cost levels amount to less than 10% to 20% compared with European sites.
Nevertheless, intellectual property protection remains an issue in China, although legislation has
been adjusted to international standards. Furthermore, the low degree of production integration
at the considered sites is not really addressed by a proactive intercompany production network
planning and site commercialization by the Chinese site operators. In addition, there are
monopolistic structures of site services supply; however, in total they have no influence on
favorable production costs for electrical energy, wastewater treatment and maintenance services.

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The context for the chemical industry in China is not quite as strong but improving. Governments
play a strong active role in economic development in China like in case of Singapore.
China has invested tremendously in physical infrastructure, boasts large numbers of graduates in
many technical disciplines, and has been interested to attract foreign companies. Many industrial
parks have been created, some - like Changzhou Park in the Ningbo Chemical Industry Zone south
of Shanghai - with a particular focus on chemical products. But many weaknesses persist and
China still ranks low on aggregate measures of competitiveness such as the Global
Competitiveness Report.
Especially when considering more rural chemical sites compared with a very developed and
professionally managed park like the Shanghai Chemical Industry Park, the sites are at very early
stages of development in becoming a chemical park. The heterogeneity in the Chinese chemical
sites' landscape is still extensive concerning, among other things, site strategies, production
network development plans, availability of qualified labor, satisfying labor productivity level and
site services as well as infrastructure provision.
The Chinese chemical clusters are emerging around the sites of major new investments, like the
joint venture between SINOPEC and BASF in Nanjing. Many clusters in China are focused on a
relatively narrow set of activities, even if they reach large scale in those areas.
In China both the national and the regional governments are important partners for cluster
initiatives. Government agencies in China can suffer from low efficiency and corruption, despite
their clear focus on economic growth. There can also be inconsistencies between the decisions of
different government agencies.
f) Chemical Industry Parks in India
Chemical clusters in India are very recent phenomena. It started with SEZ and PCPIR policies of
Government of India. Besides some of the government departments have recently come out with
Industry Park /cluster development schemes like Plastic Parks and Pharma Parks to give fillip to
investments in chemical and related industries. Cluster based approach is increasingly being
recognized as an effective and sustainable strategy for competitive enhancement of specific
Industries by providing common infrastructure and support services and exploit the benefits
arising due to optimization of resources and economies of scale. There have been successful
examples of integrated Textile Parks in the country.
PCPIR scheme experiences merit discussions to give lessons for new chemical parks. A PCPIR is
supposed to be combination of production units, public utilities, logistics, environmental
protection mechanisms, residential areas and administrative services to be set up on very large
land areas of about 250 sqm kms. It is supposed to have a processing area, where the
manufacturing facilities, along with associated logistics and other services, and required
infrastructure will be located, and a non-processing area, to include residential, commercial and
other social and institutional infrastructure. The minimum processing area for the PCPIR will be
about 40% of the total designated area, i.e., around 100 sq.km. The processing area may or may
not be contiguous. The PCPIR may include one or more Special Economic Zones, Industrial Parks,
Free Trade & Warehousing Zones, Export Oriented Units, or Growth Centers, duly notified under
the relevant Central or state legislation or policy. PCPIRs are infrastructure-driven projects where
the Centre provides support for development of external physical infrastructure linkages such as
rail, road, port, airport, telecom through Viability Gap Funding (VGF).

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Touted as game-changer for Indian chemical and petrochemicals industry, the PCPIR policy was
launched with an aim to attract investments worth around $ 100 billion in these regions. PCPIRs
were to be formed specifically to attract investments for establishing production facilities for
petroleum, chemicals and Petrochemicals. However, the policy has failed to deliver desired results.
Of the five approved PCPIRs, only Dahej (Gujarat) PCPIR has made progress, while rest have failed
to take off for various reasons.
The main challenges have been non-availability of basic feedstock for the downstream industries
from refineries and crackers, other challenges have included Land Acquisition and getting
environmental clearances in PCPIRs due to protests and other delays. The land areas of 250 sq.km
for PCPIRs are huge for managing. The timely development of supporting infrastructure and
external linkages is also vital for the successes of these major investments which have recorded a
very slow pace. The chemical industry has not been able to attract top class talent which has
created severe shortage of skilled manpower in the industry thus impacting its productivity and
growth. There are also issues related to multiple legislations in chemical industry and fall under
the purview of different industries making it very cumbersome to get environmental clearances.
Indian PCPIRs have to constantly compete with countries in the Middle East and South East Asia
for attracting investments in the chemicals and petrochemicals sector. Even in Dahej, the most
successful of PCPIRs, the chemical industries face several issues related to water, roads, power
availability and environmental clearances. There are not very many common facilities in the Dahej
and individual units have to make arrangements for effluent treatment. Dahej besides have limited
port capacity and poor access to Urban and social infrastructure. The connectivity by Rail and Air
is big challenge. Besides water supply is an issue due to limited supply.
Mangalore Petrochemical despite excellent infrastructure in SEZ format has faced major
constraints which are to do more with SEZ policy constraints which restrict the sales of
petrochemical in domestic area which happens to be the major growth areas. Also, it has faced
similar problems as PCPIRs in assuring feedstock supply from refineries for the downstream
industries.
Under the new plastic and Pharma Parks schemes the government of India is giving grants for
setting up common facilities subject to certain conditions. Government has given approval for
setting up 10 plastic parks in different states with total grant of appx. Rs 400 crores. The success
of the scheme will have to be watched. As many as six pharma clusters are similarly planned to be
developed across the country under the cluster development programme, which was launched in
2015. Among other things, common infrastructure facilities such as roads, water supply, Power,
Effluent treatment, waste management etc will be created for the companies willing to put up
their units. The success of these units has to be seen.

5.8.2. User Perceptions and Attitudes

While working out the concept for KINFRA Park we also had discussions with some potential investors
and existing Park developers drawn from the industry to understand their experiences, critical
requirements and expectations from a chemical Park. Some conclusions can be drawn from discussions
and our experiences of implementing similar Park in the country. The larger units (intermediate) are
quite interested in securing long term feedstock contracts with the suppliers before considering
investments. They compare other states for investments and require comparable or better incentives
form the state governments. The smaller and medium scale investors into downstream products are
looking for competitive land prices besides excellent infrastructure and service support in the Park

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including quality water and Power supply apart from warehousing etc. to reduce their capital costs.
The investors from other states generally were found to have poor perception of industry culture of
Kerala and were somewhat apprehensive of labour related issues. The wish list of the potential
investors has been summarized below in order of criticality.
Table 5-10: Investors Wish List

VITAL ESSENTIAL
• Long Term Feedstock Security. • Warehousing and 3 PL Services.
• Quality Power and Water. DESIRABLE
• CETP and Solid and Hazardous waste • Arrangement for other Raw Materials (not
management. available from BPCL).
• Competitive Land Pricing. • DM water and Steam.
• Incentives (Comparable / better to • Testing Laboratory.
other states).
• Natural Gas Supply.
• Ensure Moratorium on Labor unrest.
• Handholding Services.
Source: Primary Survey

5.8.3. Proposed KINFRA Park concept

The examples of successful chemical parks world over and our interaction and experiences with
potential investors have shown that quality of site infrastructure and service provisioning, market
proximity/logistic support, easy access to basic feedstock and hassle-free working environment are key
to success. In KINFRA all these factors and best practices need to be considered while designing the
KINFRA park concept.
KINFRA Park will have major advantages over similar chemical Parks in India in terms of critical
parameters that attract investments in chemical sector. It has assured feedstock supply from BPCL
which is not the case with other parks like Mangalore and Dahej; it is not an SEZ format like Mangalore
which restricts marketing in domestic areas which is the key market destinations for chemicals; it has
very good social and urban infrastructure in close proximity unlike Dahej and other PCPIRs which
hampers attracting senior manpower talent.
The KINFRA Park will be designed with leads taken from successful Chemical Parks. Among the
successful cases, German chemical Parks offer the closest features in terms of Park size, target
products, feed stock and facility /infrastructure mix that may be replicated by KINFRA. The German
Parks are compactly designed parks on smaller area formats in the range of 200 to 600 hectares. The
KINFRA Park design will primarily revolve around manufacture of Intermediates, Specialty Chemicals,
APIs and end products like in Germany in a self-contained environment in cluster format. All support
facilities and services will be provided to investors to ensure competitive manufacture of products both
for domestic as well as for International Markets.
Some of the proposed Park infrastructure and services support features are highlighted:
 Gated self-contained facility
 Flexible Plot sizes
 Assured Feedstock from close proximity- Refinery and Petrochemical Derivative Plant
 Modern contract R&D, QC Laboratory and skill development centre
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 Warehousing, 3 PL Logistics, supply chain management support to cater to storage of raw

material and finished goods and provisions for Traders.
 Marketing support for Finished Goods.
 Plug & Play facility for utilities – Power, Water, Piped Natural Gas, DM Water, Steam and
Central Effluent Treatment Plant (ZLD Based), Hazardous waste management and
incinerator support etc.
 Direct connectivity to Kochi Port, Rail and Road Heads.
 Support /Ancillary industries relating to packaging etc.
 A gated design with all administrative communication facilities, Security, fire Safety,
Employee Amenities-Medical, Cafeteria, canteen etc.
 Facilitation/handholding support for units in getting all approvals and permits etc.
 Park umbrella environmental clearance for collapsing project gestation.
 Involvement of private specialized agencies for offering some of the above services and
infrastructure through suitable partnerships.

5.9. Market Strategy Recommendation for the KINFRA Park

The Park has to be populated by manufacturing units in two phases in sync with the implementation
time frame of Propylene Derivative Petrochemical Project (PDPP) of BPCL. The Total acreage to be
populated by manufacturing units will be around 168 Acres in the first phase up to 2022 and another
42 acres in the second Phase beyond 2023 respectively. In addition, the Park management will create
sellable area for third party common facilities occupying 7 acres. The detail as drawn from table 4-3
is further segregated into likely annual sales plan in Table below.
Table 5-11: Estimated Annual Sale Plan of Plotted Land-KINFRA Park

PDPP Phase I PDPP Phase II

(In Acres) 2019-2022 2023 onward TOTAL
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Intermediate Chemicals 30 25 15 - 15 10 95
Specialty Chemicals 10 15 8 - 7 - 40
Pharmaceutical APIs 10 10 10 - - - 30
End Products Paints/ Adhesives / Inks /…
10 10 6 - 5 5 36
Polyurethane etc.
Ancillary / Support Units - 2 - - - - 2
Common Facilities (Warehouse + Central
- 7 - - - - 7
Utility Facilities)
TOTAL 60 69 39 - 27 15 210
Source: Table 8 and informed judgment of consultants based on availability of feedstock

In order to give shape to the above sales Plan one need to formulate appropriate marketing strategies
for the Park in lieu of its competitive advantages and strategy dictates.

5.9.1. Competitive advantage & market strategy dictates-KINFRA Park

An investor / Entrepreneur evaluates any of his investment decision based on its Techno economic
viability. The pressure is towards minimizing capital investment and running cost along with assured
availability of Technology, raw material and market. Similarly, in choosing a new location for setting
up the project the investor looks at comparative advantage vis –a-vis their known and favourable

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location for overall viability. The factors that the investors look at while deciding locations are the
following:
 Availability of Critical Feedstock / Raw material
 Market Proximity
 Land Prices and availability
 The incentives available
 The Utility Costs (Power & water)
 Access to Infrastructure support
 Skilled Manpower availability
 Social & Urban infrastructure

a) Availability of Critical Feedstock / Raw material

The location of the KINFRA Petrochemical Park is adjacent to the source of Feedstock produced by
Bharat Petroleum Limited from their refinery and from their new PDPP project. The composite
plant of BPCL will produce both immovable Feedstock like Propylene, Ethylene, Butylene and
EO/PO and moveable feedstock like Oxo Alcohols, Acrylic Acid, Polyols and MEG etc. The
Intermediate petrochemical and specialty chemical Units based on immoveable feedstock have to
necessarily come up in the vicinity to utilize the feedstock which is very expensive / hazardous to
move. Even in the case of moveable feedstock there is likely benefit of logistics costs for units in
the neighbourhood over the imported feedstock. Since Majority of the feedstock will be produced
for the first time in India, the Park will offer major competitive advantage for units based on any
of the feedstock.
In respect of feedstock this park is the most viable location for attracting investments.
b) Market Proximity
Market proximity is also one of the major competitive factors for deciding locations due to logistics
and inventory cost considerations. The range of products that will be manufactured from the
available feedstock will have different sensitivity levels on market proximity advantages. The
sensitivity / advantage with respect to market proximity for different products is illustrated in
Table below;
Table 5-12: Market Proximity Advantage-KINFRA Park

Attractiveness scores
Prospective Project Market Catchment Sensitivity w.r.t to on Market Proximity
Categories Ares Market Proximity out of Max 5
(1 poor and 5 excellent)
Within the Park for Least sensitive to
downstream product products sold within the
manufacture or Park and for Exports
INTERMEDIATES exports or sales in through Kochi Port; but 2.5/5
Gujarat and sensitive w.r.t to end
Maharashtra markets in Gujarat and
Maharashtra

SPECIALITY Within Park, Local Due to high value addition

Kerala, Gujarat, and small quantities, less 4.5/5
CHEMICALS
Maharashtra, across sensitive to Market
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India in small Proximity across India and

quantities and Exports
Exports
Across India and
PHARMA APIS - Do- 4.5/5
exports
250 Kilometers radius Being bulk commodities
of the park and at (Paints etc.) it is quite
END PRODUCTS
best Across South sensitive to market 3.5/5
(Paints)
India. proximity; but viable with
250 km radius
Across India for SAP Due to high value
END PRODUCTS (SAP
and across South additions less sensitive to 4/5
and PU based)
India for PU Products Market Proximity
Source: Consultant Assessment

The disadvantage of market proximity in certain products like Intermediates is largely negated by
feedstock proximity and for Specialty chemicals and Pharmaceuticals it is negated due to high
value-added product.
The Park location is optimal for the range of products it is envisaged to produce.
c) Land Prices and Availability
The cost of the land in the park per Acre will work out to Approximately Rs. 4.22 Crore. The detail
is summarized in Table below.
Table 5-13: Cost of Sellable Land in proposed KINFRA Petrochemical Park

Bare Land Acquisition cost / Acre Rs. 2.02 Cr.

Total Park Area Envisaged 489.46 Acres

Total Park Land Acquisition Cost Rs. 989 Cr.

Sale of Undeveloped land to BPCL carved out from the Park (150 acres +
portion of road extension Area 4.5 acres) @ Rs2.72 Cr. Per acre including Rs. 420 Cr.
PMC and other costs of 10%

Remaining Park Area for KINFRA Tenants 344.15 Acres

Total Usable Land for Industrial Use leaving green space +non-utilizable
218 acres
Land due to terrain and HT lines.

Total Cost of KINFRA industrial Park Land Rs. 587 Cr.

Estimated Cost of Development of KINFRA Petrochemical Park Rs. 300 Cr.

Total Cost of Developed KINFRA Petrochemical Park Rs. 887 Cr.

Total available land for Sale (which excludes area for administration,
210 Acres
Water supply, CETP etc)

Cost per Sellable Land per acre 4.22 Cr.

* Basis: Land Cost Based on MOU between Kerala Government and FACT; The Area required by BPCL for their Project;
The land carved out as per Master Plan

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The cost as worked out is far higher than the favoured areas in India where land is still available.
The land cost in these areas is far lower than the estimated cost of the Land in KINFRA
Petrochemical Park as indicated in Table below. The land cost at the best is a maximum of Rs. 2
Crore per acre. The land prices in Kerala too in other KINFRA parks between Rs. 1.0 - 2.5 Crore.
Please refer Annexure 4 A and b for the land cost comparisons for different states and within Kerala
respectively.
Table 5-14: Competitive Land Prices

(Rs Cr/Acre) PRICE RANGE

Andhra Pradesh 0.19-1.75

Karnataka 0.03 – 2.00

Tamil Nadu 0.33- 0.90

Maharashtra 0.04-0.83

Gujarat 0.38-1.68

Orissa 0.1-.6

Telangana 0.41-0.97
Kerala Maximum 2.5
Basis: Secondary data and Analysis obtained for State Government Parks Detailed in Annexure 4 a

However, the locations lack advantages of what the KINFRA Park provides like feedstock’s & Port
proximity as well as access to good urban infrastructure at its doorstep. A comparative analysis of
locations with more or less similar advantages shows that Kochi KINFRA Petrochemical is quite
competitively placed as in Table 5-15. The details are provided in Annexure 5.
Table 5-15: Land Prices in Urban cities with combination of refinery & Port facility

Prevailing Industrial Land Price

Port Availability
Location Range in Estates Nearby Refinery/ Proximity to Refinery
in Vicinity
Major City (Rs. Cr. Per Acre)
Major Comparable Cities
Mangalore 3.50 - 4.07 Yes Yes
Chennai 3.51 - 25.08 Yes Yes
Mumbai 5.36 - 18.37 Yes Yes
Haryana near Delhi 1.21 - 8.62 No No
Visakhapatnam 1.07 - 8.5 Yes Yes
Hyderabad 0.63 - 5.73 No No
Kochi 4.43 Yes Yes
Other Non - Urban favoured Cities
Jamnagar 0.90 - 1.63 Yes Yes
Panipat 3.12 - 3.64 No Yes
Mathura 1.32 No Yes
Bathainda 1.21 No Yes

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Cuddalore 2.16 Yes Yes

Source: Refer Annexure 5 for details and sources

The Kochi KINFRA Petrochemical Park is competitive considering that the Feedstock especially
immovable feedstock is available at its doorstep. However, for feedstock, which are movable and are
freely imported into India there would certainly be an issue of land cost as the units can be set up
closer to markets than feedstock. The pricing of the land for such units would have to be accordingly
worked out keeping the prevailing prices in favourable states where there is surplus land available.
Many of the states have large Land banks available for attracting units to their states as can be seen
from Table below.
Table 5-16: Land Banks Available in preferred State in India

Parks in Operation Parks in Planning Total

States
Pharma

Chem

Open

Pharma

Chem

Open

Pharma

Chem

Open
(Land in Acres)

Andhra Pradesh 342 6849 27911 618 620 960 7469

Large land Bank is being created

Telangana 99 0 2686 19333 19432 0

Maharashtra 441 88 4032 212 Large land Bank is being created 653 88

Gujarat - 1757 1181 1181 1757

Tamil Nadu - 20 4285 901 257 901 277

Karnataka 722 370 860 500 1222 370

Source: Web sites of various industry and infrastructure authorities of various states

Our proposed market strategy has to factor competition that may arise from other states for
drawing investments in similar industries that we plan to target in our Park.
d) The incentives available
The states which are favoured and house chemical and Pharmaceutical manufacturing hubs also
provide considerable Incentives, which are not present in Kerala. The incentives prevailing in these
favoured states are detailed in Table below. A comparative analysis of incentives offered by select
states has been provided in Annexure 6.
Table 5-17: Comparative Incentives for manufacturing units

Andhra
Details of Incentives Kerala Karnataka Orissa
Pradesh
Power Subsidy   
Stamp Duty Subsidy   

Capital Subsidy  
Interest Subsidy   

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SGST Reimbursement   
Environment Related
*   
incentives
Employment Related
 
incentives
Technology up gradation
 
Incentives
Training fee Reimbursement  
Source: State Incentive Structures (Details obtained from website sources and provided details in Annexure 6)

It may be mentioned that almost all other states have attractive industry sector wise policies and
incentive schemes for attracting investments. KOCHI KINFRA PETROCHEMICAL PARK will be at a
disadvantage on incentive offerings. The government has to devise an incentive package
comparable to the preferred states for the manufacture of Petrochemical derivatives, specialty
chemicals, Pharmaceuticals and other related products.
e) The Utility Costs (Power, water and Fuel)
i) Power
The Power cost in Kerala is one of the lowest in India barring Gujarat which is Rs. 1.2 / unit
lower as seen in Table below.
Table 5-18: Electricity Charge per Unit by states

Electricity Charges Electricity Charges

States (Rs. Per unit) Excluding with state incentives
Taxes (Rs. Per unit)
Gujarat 4.3
Andhra Pradesh 6.33 Rs. 5.33 in the first 5 years
Karnataka 6.8 No state taxes
Maharashtra 7.13
Tamil Nadu 6.35
KERALA 5.5
Source: State Electricity Boards

Gujarat is a hub for manufacture of Chemicals and petrochemical derivatives and investor’s
first preference and offers better Power tariff than Kerala (even though it is one of the lowest).
Since energy cost is of prime interest to units the Park may be at disadvantage compared to
Gujarat on this count.
ii) Water
Water is lifeline for Chemical projects. KOCHI KINFRA PETROCHEMCIAL PARK is in much
advantageous position compared to all other competing locations in the country (Refer Table
19). Dahej which currently seem to have lower water cost actually has deficit in water supply
and with proposed commissioning of desalination plant the cost of water may considerably go
up.
Table 5-19: Comparative Water Tariff
Name of SEZ Water Charges (Rs. Per KL)
Dahej SEZ, Gujarat 24 (Rationed supply)
Mangalore SEZ, Karnataka ~ 40
JNPC Parwada, Vizag, Andhra Pradesh 50

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Sri City, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 60

KOCHI KINFRA PETROCHEMCIAL PARK 40
Source: Primary Survey

The overall cost works out economical compared to other parks in India.
iii) Fuel
GAIL will make LNG supply available to all the industry in the complex including for KOCHI
KINFRA PETROCHEMCIAL PARK. Very few industry locations in the country currently have
natural gas available as fuel. The natural gas is clean fuel preferred by industry and brings down
the carbon emissions and accordingly the cost of environmental compliances. KINFRA has
distinct advantages compared to many other locations in the country.
f) Common Industrial Infrastructure
As discussed in the earlier sections the Park will be designed to meet the standards set by similar
parks across the world and in India as well as per the needs enunciated by sample of investors. It
will be one of the best in its category in the country and factor the needs of the potential investors.
g) Skilled Manpower
Kerala is the most literate state in India and has large number of technical colleges. They are
endowed with large available educated manpower and comparable to other states.
h) Social & Urban infrastructure
Kochi is one of the most cosmopolitan and vibrant cities in India and is endowed with all social and
urban infrastructures and comparable to international standards.

5.9.2. Proposed marketing strategies for KINFRA Petrochemical park

5.9.2.1. Target Markets

The feedstock available from BPCL Project is very precious and is available in the country for the first
time indigenously produced and imported, as has been the case. Besides there is availability of
immovable feedstock for private entrepreneurs for the first time to produce value added products.
Medium and large capacity units requiring sufficiently large investment can effectively and viably
process the available immovable feedstock. Similarly, feedstock available for manufacture of end
products may also require medium and large capacity manufacturing facility to nurture the availability
of indigenously produced feedstock. However, in case of manufacturing Pharmaceuticals several raw
materials are required including predominant imported raw materials. Considering the land availability
limitations in the park as well as poor affinity of Kerala only smaller and medium size units in the
category of pharmaceutical sector would be the target market.
Overall the strategy will be mainly to target Large and medium capacity units of investors concentrated
in chemical hubs in India. The Target market of each type of industries along with the target regions is
summarized in Table 5-20.
Table 5-20: Target market & Regions

Target Product Target Capacity Target Regions

Pan India (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil
Intermediates Medium-Large units
Nadu), MNCs
Pan India (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil
Specialty Chemicals Medium & Small
Nadu) & MNCs
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South India (Telangana, Karnataka, TN),

Pharmaceutical APIs Medium & Small
Locals
End Products Paints/ Regional, Local entrepreneurs and Large
Large, Medium & Small
Adhesives / Inks Players for contract production
End Products Based on
Regional, Local entrepreneurs and Large
Polyurethane and Super Large, Medium & Small
Players for contract production
Absorbent Polymer (SAP)
Ancillary / Support Units Small Local entrepreneurs
Common Facilities Large -Medium Regional and Market leaders in logistics
Source: Consultant Assessment

5.9.2.2. Park facility design strategy

The park needs to provide with an array of facilities as per the benchmark of similar parks across the
world and in India for its success and discussed in the earlier section of this report. The following
facilities are recommended for the Kochi Park.
 Gated self-contained facility.
 Flexible Plot sizes.
 Assured Feedstock from close proximity- Refinery and Petrochemical Derivative Plant.
 Modern contract R&D, QC Laboratory and skill development centre.
 Warehousing, 3 PL Logistics, supply chain management support to cater to storage of raw
material and finished goods and provisions for Traders.
 Marketing support for Finished Goods.
 Plug & Play facility for utilities – Power, Water, Piped Natural Gas, DM Water, Steam and
Central Effluent Treatment Plant (ZLD Based), Hazardous waste management and incinerator
support etc.
 Direct connectivity to Kochi Port, Rail and Road Heads.
 Support /Ancillary industries relating to packaging etc.
 A gated design with all administrative communication facilities, Security, fire Safety, Employee
Amenities-Medical, Cafeteria, canteen etc.
 Facilitation/handholding support for units in getting all approvals and permits etc.
 Park umbrella environmental clearance for collapsing project gestation.
 Involvement of private specialized agencies for offering some of the above services and
infrastructure through suitable partnerships.
The demand for each of this support will be assessed and accordingly provision will need to be made
in the KOCHI Petrochemical Park.

5.9.2.3. Pricing strategy

The land and facility usage price are based on the competition and the viability of the park.
a. Land Pricing & Terms & escalation
The pricing is based on the calculated base price of Rs. 4.22 Crore per acre as discussed in the
earlier section (Table 5-12) and the difficulty in marketing and land price in favoured & currently
preferred areas. The pricing strategy will be differential with premium land rates to be charged
from intermediate chemical units who have assured long-term availability of immovable
feedstock and units, which obtain assured long-term movable feedstock presently being
imported. The other envisaged manufacturing sectors which do not have the principal advantage

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of feedstock would need to be subsidized to attract them. The recommended pricing for the land
is summarized in Table 5-21.
Table 5-21: Recommended Land Pricing by types of Units

Land Premium payable

Annual Lease rentals
Feedstock / units in Installments
in Rs. /acre / month
(In Rs. Crores)
a. Intermediates with Immovable Feedstock
with long term commitment
Rs. 5 Crore
b. Special Chemicals / End Products with 1 Lakh
Payable in 3 years
Movable Feedstock with long term
commitment requiring large Land areas of
10 acres and above
c. Other units for Special Chemicals / End Rs. 3.5 Crore
1 Lakh
Products Payable in 3 years
Rs. 3.5 Crore
d. Pharmaceutical Units 1 Lakh
Payable in 3 years
Rs. 2 Crore
e. Ancillary Units 1 Lakh
Payable in 3 years
Rs. 5 Crore
f. Utilities 1 Lakh
Payable in 3 years
Source: Consultant Assessment

Note: This proposed price will actually be finalized/further revised on financial evaluation of the
Project.
The pricing will have an escalation of 5% every year.
b. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Charges
Charges towards operation of maintenance of the gated Park including provision of street lighting
and its maintenance, Road and its maintenance, Green Space and its maintenance, Sewage
treatment & Disposal, Drinking and water for sanitation supply and maintenance, Security,
Communication lines, maintenance of firefighting facilities etc. will form as O&M Charges which
will be levied on a Quarterly basis. The proposed O&M Charges are estimated at Rs.15 / Sq.mtr /
Quarter.
c. Waste Management Charges
This will include charges towards use of Zero Liquid discharge central effluent Treatment Plant,
Solid waste collection and disposal and recycling of treated waste water. The charges will be fixed
based on the specification of effluent generated.
d. Electricity
The charges will be as levied by Kerala Electricity Board.
e. Water, DM Water, Steam
A provision for special Central utility facility will be provided for a concessionaire to provide
specialized utility services including supply of Demineralized Water, Steam (at various pressures),
and any other special utility required.
The pricing will be based on pay per use plan.

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f. Warehouse & Logistics Support facility

A concessionaire to provide warehousing facility for raw material and finished goods and 3PL
logistics will establish this facility.
The pricing will be based on pay per use plan.
g. Other Services
A concessionaire may establish services of R&D, Testing Laboratory, and Solvent Recycling Plant (if
viable).
The pricing will be based on pay per use plan.

5.9.2.4. Government Incentive Support

Nearly all the investors look for Government support, which is translated in the incentive and subsidy
policy of each individual state. It is natural that state of Kerala also needs to provide comparable
offerings to industrial investors as provided by competing states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and
other states. The following incentive plan is recommended for Kerala Government to consider for
investors in the envisaged Petrochemical Park at Kochi applicable for new projects Effective from 2019
in Petrochemicals, Derivatives, Specialty Chemicals, Drug & Pharmaceuticals and various end products
based on these chemicals.
a. Retain the 100% Stamp duty exemptions in Industrial Park incentive.
b. Power subsidy of Rs.1.00 per unit of consumption + exemption from all power duties &
taxes for a period of 7 years.
c. Capital subsidy @ 20% of the fixed assets with a maximum of Rs. 10 Crore whichever is
lower.
d. Interest subsidy of 75% or Rs. 2 Crores whichever is lower for Seven years period.
e. 50% reimbursement of SGST for a period of 7 years.
The impact of these incentives is illustrated in the Chapter of Economic Viability.

5.9.2.5. Marketing promotion strategy

a. Branding
The Kochi Petrochemical Park will come into existence due to Feedstock production by BPCL. The
chemical units to come up in the Park will thrive only if the Feedstock supply is guaranteed for on
a long term for their success. The BPCL will provide this feedstock security. Besides BPCL project
will have partial presence in the park (150 acres reserved for their use in the Park).
The Kochi Petrochemical Park should be branded as either “KOCHI BPCL Petrochemical Park” or as
“KINFRA-BPCL Petrochemical Park” to lend a clear message of Feedstock Security to investors in
the Park.
b. Park Positioning
The Proposed Petrochemical Park will be well defined and highlighted with the following
competitive advantage.
o Assured regular supply of quality Raw material by BPCL Refinery & PDPP at one’s door step
ensuring competitive pricing, near zero handling costs and logistics management.
o Special raw material Bank maintained in the Park warehouse for other raw materials
available in the vicinity and balancing small needed raw materials.

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o An integrated high-quality Park with plug and Play facility of utilities and Feedstock.
o Non-stop availability of assured quality power, Water and other utilities.
o Common infrastructure of 3PL Logistics & Warehousing, Central waste management
Support.
o Compression of environment clearance time frame on account of Umbrella clearance for
the Park.
o Handholding services to investors to effectively settle down in the park.
o A Park with international gateway and connectivity to Cochin Port and well-connected road
network.
o A Complex, which ensures low investment per unit of production and transaction cost.
o A Park with facilities which works round the clock. And much more.
These advantages will be clearly translated in the form of Brochure, video presentation, web site
for dissemination.
c. Park Promotion
A multi-pronged market development plan will be followed. The Promotion will be jointly taken
up by KINFRA and BPCL wherever necessary.
o Advertisement
Advertisement will be released in various prospective industry association newsletters,
and Industry journals. Wherever required prominent local media will be targeted.
o Generate publicity
Organize inauguration and foundation stone laying events Make media announcements,
go for interviews in electronic media, publish write ups.
Invite all major entrepreneurs in the region to the inauguration and foundation stone
laying events.
o Direct Marketing
Identify major marketers looking for contract producers (sanitary napkins, diapers,
Paints, adhesives etc.), companies looking for expansion in various regions. Go for direct
mailers to them by electronic media.
o Road Shows
Have special road shows in Kerala to attract local entrepreneurs and other industrial hubs
of the perspective industries – Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Baroda and Bangalore etc.
o Seminars & Participation in Exhibitions
Participate in the industry associations run seminars and exhibitions, industry specific
seminars / exhibitions in prospective locations.
o Facilitation at the Site
The prospective investors will be taken for a site visit and meeting with BPCL officials and
KINFRA officials to generate confidence and remove any apprehension they have on the
support that will be provided and the availability of feedstock. The visit itinerary will be
chalked out to provide complete confidence to the prospective.
The tentative promotion Program is indicated in Table 5-22.
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Table 5-22: Tentative Promotion Plan- KINFRA Petrochemical Park

Phase I Phase II
# Activity
2018-2022 2023++
1 Web Site / maintenance X X
2 Presentation Videos 1 1
3 Brochures
 On Park 1 1
 On Opportunity 1 1
4 Advertisement
 In End user association Magazine in 8 4
Selective Media
5 Road Shows: (Cochin, Ahmedabad, Baroda,
18 6
Coimbatore, Mumbai, Bangalore)
6 End user Industry Conferences / Exhibitions
12 4
(Numbers)
7 Marketing Interaction / Due Diligence Support With every With every
Meeting and travelling for the above as well as prospective prospective
for prospective investors and finalization Investor Investor
Source: Consultant Assessment

d. Marketing Cost
The overall marketing budget is estimated at Rs 5.00 crores over the life of the project which
is broadly summarized in Table 5-23.
Table 5-23: Estimated Budget for Marketing the Park

Phase I Phase II
TOTAL
# Activity 2018-2022 2023++
(Rs. Lakhs)
(Rs. Lakhs) (Rs. Lakhs)
1 Web Site

2 Presentation Video 30 10 40
Brochures
3
Park & End user Opportunity brochures
Advertisement
4 In End user association Magazine and 5 5 10
Selective Media
Road Shows: (Cochin, Ahmedabad,
5 Baroda, Coimbatore, Mumbai, 40 20 60
Bangalore)
End user Industry Conferences /
6 30 10 40
Exhibitions
Marketing Interaction / Due Diligence
7 30 20 50
Support

8 Investor Finder Fee 200 100 300

TOTAL 335 165 500

Source: Consultant assessment

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6. Functional Design
6.1. Surveys and Investigations2

6.2. Preamble
Greenfield projects such as this have to be effective in appropriate physical planning to harness the
complete potential of the site. A state-of-the-art Master Plan incorporating holistic and sustainable
industrial development concepts shall include:
 Long term vision with focus on international competence
 Focus on integrated infrastructure
 Optimal utilisation of available land and flexibility in plot division
 Optimal use of natural resources including energy conservation measures
 Traffic management
 Inclusion of social infrastructure and allied requirements
 Integration of operation and management aspects

6.3. Principles for sustainable development

The ultimate goal of development is to improve the community’s quality of life through judicious use
of available resources. Sustainable development seeks to maintain and ensure a balance between the
following:

 Social Wellbeing: To improve the level of physical and mental health of the community by
providing basic necessities and amenities in the community and also by creating different
employment opportunities in the area.

 Economic Development: To ensure the economic growth in the area by providing key
economic sectors and by reducing the cost of the essential goods and services. This will
increase the economic activity and productivity to promote growth in the community.

 Environment Conservation: To ensure the preservation of environmental assets and

incorporating existing natural features in the site. This will ensure the proposed development
to maintain the ecological balance. The overall aim is to make the Petrochemical Park
environment friendly and sustainable. Responsiveness to the environment shall be a vital part
of land use planning promoting sustainability.

2Detailed topographic survey and geotechnical investigations were carried out and the same has been
enclosed as Annexure 8.
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TO IMPROVE THE COMMUNITY’S QUALITY OF LIFE BY ENSURING BEST USE

OF NATURAL AND MANMADE RESOURCES

SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
DEVELOPMENT PROTECTION

ECONOMIC
GROWTH

Create employment Facilitate key economic Protect key

opportunities sector environmental assets

Improve level of physical Increase productivity Conserve valuable

and mental health and grow businesses natural and man-made
features
Ensure basic necessities
and amenities area Increase material
wealth of the public Reduce negative effects
available of development
Allow optimal Reduce cost of
development of essential goods and Maintain ecological
individual potential services balance

Figure 6-1: Principles for Sustainable Development

6.4. Planning Concepts

The Planning Concept is the reflection of the vision of the entrepreneur and his ultimate development
goal. It ensures the environmental and economic sustainability of the proposed development. The
Master Plan must strive to achieve a good quality of working spaces for the users and in the process
attain long term viability for the proposed project.
To achieve appropriate balance between planning, engineering, environmental, sustainability and
landscaping the guiding principles defined for the development are:
 Functionality
 Practicality
 Visual Impact of the development
 Simplified execution
 Enhancement of revenue generation potential
 Reduced cost of operation & maintenance

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The planning concepts considered for the development of Petrochemical Park is based on the following
principles:

Optimum
resource
utilization for
maximum
Create salebility
opportunities SEZ Acts and
for better Policies
public realm

Provision for
Planning common
Flexibility
Concepts facilities and
open spaces

Minimum
length of
Product Mix Road with
provision for
redundancy
Surrounding
Landuse

Figure 6-2: Planning Concepts

6.5. Planning Considerations

Planning for the proposed project is carried out based on the concept of zoning. The factors shaping
the zoning of area for industrial use, common utilities, entrance and exit, access roads, utility corridors,
etc., is done based on the following.
Factor Remarks
Access road and Thripunithura Karimughal Road is most significant transportation corridor for
connectivity industrial traffic. It is adjacent to southern part of site and is suitable for providing
primary access to the site.
The FACT road connecting to Kakkanad Karimughal Road has been taken up for
secondary access from eastern side.
Response to natural Several environmental factors need to be considered, such as:
feature
 Conservation of existing lake
 Based on existing land cover, maximum portion of low laying area would be
utilized for green open area
Terrain suitability About 98% of the site has slope of less than 30°. This makes significant site area
suitable for development. The design shall be based on the natural slope of the land
so that all services can be adequately planned.

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Factor Remarks
Wind Influence
Prominent wind direction is from south-west to north-east. The prevailing wind
direction plays a major role to reduce the impact on surrounding natural and physical
environment.
Land Use The site is part of land earmarked for industrial land use.
Need for phased The Petrochemical Park is envisaged to be developed over 10 years. This calls for a
development phased approach to development and flexibility in terms of layout and provision of
services.

6.6. Industrial Acts and Polices

URDPFI Guidelines, 2014 were studied for distribution of land use. Area requirement for various social
infrastructure were referred from these guidelines.
The latest Kerala State Industrial Policy is also reviewed and followed for planning of Industrial Park.
The industrial policy focuses on encouraging employment incentive industries, incentivizing
sustainable industrial development, strengthening of industrial infrastructure and investor friendly
business environment. Those initiatives will be adopted as per the requirement in the project. The
policy aims to:
 Simplify regulatory procedures for setting up and operating enterprises.
 Mobilize Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises particularly in rural areas to achieve employment
generation and utilization of local resources.
 Ensure higher value addition of the locally available resources.
 Create employment opportunities for skilled human resources within the State.
 Encourage SC/ST, women entrepreneurs, Non-Resident Keralites and ex-servicemen.
 Improve industrial, allied and ancillary infrastructure through public and PPP modes.
 Ensure sufficient land availability through land acquisition, land pooling, and Private Industrial
Parks/ Estates.
 Provide trunk infrastructure for pooled industrial land, Private Industrial Parks/ Estates.
 Accelerate development of industrial clusters in the State in line with National Manufacturing
Policy, Petroleum - Chemicals and Petro-Chemical Investment Regions (3 No’s), Electronics
Manufacturing Clusters, Micro and Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programme.
 Strengthen the Services & Commerce sectors and create in-house employment to the skilled and
semi-skilled manpower in the State.
 Introduce globally accepted standards in Technology, Quality and Management to rejuvenate the
Public-Sector Enterprises in the State.
 Encourage environment-friendly practices in enterprises.
 Adopt participatory approach in industrial and infrastructure investments.

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6.7. Surrounding Land use

Identification of surrounding land uses can reduce impact on neighbouring natural and physical
environment. Majority of the site surrounding is industrial land use and rest of the land use includes
the following:
 Residential land use
 Hazardous
 Wet land
 Water bodies
 Dry cultivation
 Paddy
 Road

Figure 6-3: Existing Land use around the Project Area

Source: Existing Land-use of Kochi (2009), Development Plan for Kochi City Region 2031

All the above aspects were taken into consideration for planning the processing area, support services,
utilities and amenities.

6.8. Population Estimation

The population and the work force in each of the land use has been estimated with respect to proposed
activity, frequency and density. Land use wise estimation of work force and density of built up helps in
design optimization for the various components and services of Petrochemical Park.
Table below summarize the assumption for population estimation in the proposed development.

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Table 6-1: Proposed Population Estimation

Sl. Land Use Land parcel Area Ground FSI Population Population
No. Acre Sq.m. Coverage BUA Working Floating Working + Assumption
Factor (Sq.m.) Population Population Floating
Population
A INDUSTRIES
A.1 Ancillary 3.68 14760 0.25 0.70 10332 91 137 228 25 persons per acre
A.2 Intermediate Chemicals 85.80 347229 0.25 0.70 243060 429 644 1073 5 persons per acre
A.3 Specialty Chemical 34.27 138695 0.25 0.70 97087 857 1285 2142 25 persons per acre
A.4 End Products (Paints/ Adhesives / Inks, etc.) 21.42 86676 0.25 0.70 60673 535 803 1339 25 persons per acre
A.4 End Products (Based on Polyurethane And SAP) 10.78 43612 0.25 0.70 30528 431 647 1078 40 persons per acre
Sub-Total 155.95 630972 441680 2343 3516 5860
B COMMON FACILITIES
Truck Terminal and Warehouse 4.87 19711 0.25 0.70 13798 73 110 183 15 persons per acre
C UTILITY
Admin &Tech Center 1.37 5543 0.40 2 11086 21 31 51 15 persons per acre
Contract, R&D Lab 1.96 7915 0.40 2 15831 29 44 73 15 persons per acre
Water Works 1.19 4805 0.30 1 4805 18 27 45 15 persons per acre
ZSS 0.58 2333 0.30 1 2333 9 13 22 15 persons per acre
MRSS 1.59 6424 0.30 1 6424 24 36 60 15 persons per acre
Sub-Total 6.68 27019 40477 100 150 250
D CETPs 10.57 42774 42774 159 238 396 11 persons/shift/mld
F GREEN AREA 69 279685
G ROAD 28 113717
H PHARMA PARK PLOT 28.90 116961 0.25 0.7 81873 1156 1734 2890 40 person per acre
I FACT ROAD 15.34 62079
TOTAL 319.46 1292817 620602 3731 5597 9328
BPCL PLOTS 170 0.25 0.7
GRAND TOTAL AREA 489.49
Source: Voyants Analysis.

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6.9. Master Plan Zoning

The zoning of the area is prepared mainly on the basis of product / activity mix. The petrochemical
park has designated zones based on its environmental impact and existing site features for
optimization of resources. Zoning also considers simplification during execution and to enhance
revenue generation potential. The zoning is based on the following features:
 Polluting industries are located away from water bodies.
 To protect water bodies a required green buffer is proposed along the lake and river.
 The utilities are proposed as per the topography of the site.
 Green open areas are proposed over the wet land to restrict construction of buildings.
 Common facilities like technical centre is proposed near entry point so it is easily accessible by
surrounding residents also.
The location of these zones is governed by their function and interrelationship with each other.

Figure 6-4: Zoning Plan

Proposed zoning of the petrochemical park is based on site context and derived from site potentials
and constraints.
The broad proposed zones in the petrochemical park are as follows:
 Industrial Zones
 Logistics and Warehousing Zone
 Support Facility Zone

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6.10. Site Master Plan

6.10.1. Proposed Entry/Exit
Proper planning of Entry/Exit is essential for effective functioning of the Industrial Park. The primary
access to the site has been defined from Thripunithura Karimughal road which runs along southern
boundary of site.
In the petrochemical park the strategy for evacuation in the light of the risk assessment and other
precautions is necessary. To ensure the safety of workers emergency Entry and Exit have been
provided which shall be used at the time of accidents, emergency or disaster.
The entry/exits proposed in the Petrochemical Park is shown in Figure 6-5.

6.10.2. Transportation

6.10.2.1. Circulation and Road Hierarchy

The road network design is one of the foremost infrastructure development tasks undertaken while
designing an industrial area. The transport spine is responsible for the entry and exit of all the raw
materials and processed good in the site. The efficiency of the road network in a site is one of the
parameters of assessing the workability of an industrial estate. The road network designing includes
the fixing of adequate right of way, correct geometric design of the roads, designing of acceptable
carriage ways as per applicable norms, provision of utility corridors, pedestrian walkways throughout
the site, provision of green buffer, intersection, junction designs and footpath design.
The circulation for the site has been planned according to the topography of the site. The right of way
will also incorporate the special requirement of all proposed infrastructure services like water,
sewage, power, telecom, gas etc. Considering the future goods and passenger traffic, the existing FACT
road which starts from Kakkanad Karimughal road will be widened to 24 mt upto A2 and further it will
be widened to 22 mt. to allow smooth and continuous movement of traffic. The proposed roads in
Petrochemical Park have been planned in hierarchy depending on the traffic volume expected.
Table 6-2: Proposed Length of Roads
Sl. no. Type Lane Total Length in mt.
1 24mt ROW 4 lane divided 597.941
2 22mt ROW 4 lane divided 2830.000
3 20mt ROW 2 lane undivided 3683.918
4 19mt ROW 2 lane undivided 1262.572
5 Additional length for Cul-de-sac - 661.335

Total length of 22 mt ROW road connecting sites, outside the boundary = 2830 mt.

6.10.2.2. Parking
The proposed Petrochemical park will have an integrated facility for truck terminal warehousing and
parking. As the site is separated by BPCL land the location of parking facilities have been proposed
close to the entry point of the two land parcels. Proposed location of parking is shown in Figure 6-5.

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Figure 6-5: Proposed Circulation Network Entry / Exit Plan

6.10.3. Land Use Plan

The predominant land use within the master plan is industrial. Supporting land uses like logistics, utility
and facilities constitute an important part of the development. The land use breakdown is given below.

LAND USE BREAK-UP

Petrochemical Plots Pharma Plots Utilities / Amenities
Truck Terminal Warehouse Road & Utility Corridor GREEN *

23%

51%
9%

2%
6%

9%

Figure 6-6: Proposed Land Use Distribution

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Table 6-3: Proposed Land Use Break up for Entire Project Site Area
S. No Land Use Area in Sq. Mt Area in Ac. % of Total
Area
1 Petrochemical Plots 630862.06 155.889426 51.26%
2 Pharma Plots 116961.19 28.9017425 9.50%
3 Utilities / Amenities 69792.97 17.2462203 5.67%
4 Truck Terminal Warehouse 19711.23 4.87075152 1.60%
5 Road & Utility Corridor 113716.9157 28.1000648 9.24%
6 GREEN * 279685.481 69.1117947 22.73%
7 Sub Total 1230729.847 304.12 100.00%
8 Proposed for BPCL Plots 687965.52 170
Total 1918695.367 474.12
FACT Road 62078.8 15.34
Grand Total Site Area 1980774.167 489.46
*In addition, 10.27% of net industrial plotted area will be developed as green belt within the industrial
units.

Figure 6-7: Proposed Land Use Plan

6.10.4. Plot Parcellation

In order to facilitate setting of individual industrial units and integrated industrial park, plots of various
sizes have been provided in the Petrochemical Park. These plots range from 1 acre to 10 acres. The
smaller plots can be further combined to form bigger plots whenever required.
The proposed plot sizing is co-terminus with average plot sizes required for setting up of the proposed
types of industries.

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Table 6-4: Proposed Plot Parcellation for Industrial Park

S. No. Plot Size No. of Plots
1 1 Acre 27
2 2 Acre 19
3 3 Acre 05
4 4 Acre 03
5 5 Acre 03
6 6-18 Acre 04

Figure 6-8: Proposed Industrial Plots

6.10.5. Common Amenities / Industry Related Facilities

Amenities and Facilities are the most important supporting land use for proper functioning of
Petrochemical Park infrastructure. The infrastructure provided in the Park holds the key to its
functional viability. An area of 17.24 Acres almost 5.67% of the total site area has been marked for
amenities and facilities.
As the BPCL land separates Petrochemical Park site into two parcels, so each parcel is provided with
separate CETP to make it self-sustaining and to assure uninterrupted phase wise development. For
social benefit of the people residing in surrounding areas, a technical centre has been proposed to
empower the local community to counter unemployment in the region.
The following amenities are proposed in the Petrochemical Park at location shown in Figure 6-9.
 Administration building
 Technical Centre
 Contract R&D Lab
 Water Works (for Water treatment plant / Overhead Tank)
 Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP’s)
 Electric Sub-Stations (Main Receiving Sub-Station and Zonal Sub-Station)
 Truck Terminals
 Warehouses etc.
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Figure 6-9: Proposed Utilities

6.10.6. Green / Open areas

In line with the strategy for development of open / green space system, two types of green spaces are
provided in the master plan.
1. Green Buffer - The site is provided with 10 Km long and 15 mt wide green buffer wherever required
along the site boundary. This shall give a physical separation from the surrounding non-industrial areas
and other land uses adjacent to site. Also, a 7 mt of green belt is maintained along the man-made
waterbody and river to provide a buffer. The HT lines within the delineated site is provided with
adequate green belt along the lines to prevent construction activities.
2. Community Greens – Along with Tree belts as per desired Industrial Park policy, Landscaped greens
have been planned to function as the “green lungs” of the industrial development. It shall also result
in enhancing the quality of life of workers in the industrial park.
Proposed green / open space is given in Figure 6-10. As per the norms 33% of land shall be reserved
for green area covered with trees. 22.73% of green area is proposed at master plan level and additional
10.27% green area shall be expected to be developed within the premises of industrial units. The same
condition will be laid out as a mandatory norm to the Industrial units.

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Figure 6-10: Proposed Green / Open Area

6.11. Landscape Design

This section documents the landscape plan is prepared for the proposed project site. The chapter aims
to address the following aspects.
 Identification of areas for landscaping
 Utilisation of space
 Species selection
 Visual aesthetics

6.11.1. Key Features of Landscape Plan

 Landscape buffers at the interface of the roads and proposed development areas.
 Provision for tree planting along the plots.
 Landscape theme gardens for larger spaces.
The key recommendations for development of the landscape buffers are discussed in the following
sub sections;

6.11.2. Identification of Spaces for Landscaping

Landscaping plans are prepared for different location based on the need and purpose. They are
discussed in the following sub sections. Detail landscaping plan is prepared for the entrance area, as
this area is the first contact point with the project site. Apart from that rotary or round about
landscaping are proposed. Landscaping is done for areas abutting river and roads.

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6.11.3. Green Belts

Landscape plan is prepared for the entire green belt area.

6.11.4. Median and Avenue Plantation

For all the roads within the project site, median and avenue plantation is proposed. Different Rows
will have different space allocated for avenue plantation.

6.11.5. Trees
Reference
S.NO. Botanical name Common name Type Spacing images
(in
metres)

Bauhinia purpurea Purple orchid tree Deciduous

1 6

Plumeria rubra Champa Evergreen

2 4

Plumeria alba Champa Evergreen

3 4

Mimusops elengi Bullet wood Evergreen

4 5

Azadirachta indica Neem tree Evergreen

5 7

Chukrasia tabularis Indian mahogany Evergreen

6 6

Dalbergia sissoo Sheesham Deciduous

7 6

Delonix regia Gulmohar Deciduous

8 7

Cassia fistula Amaltas Deciduous

9 5
Millingtonia
Indian Cork tree Evergreen
10 hortensis 6

Ficus religiosa Peepal tree Evergreen

11 10

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6.11.6. Shrubs

Botanical name Common name

1 Hamelia patens Fire bush Evergreen

2 Ixora white dwarf Ixora Deciduous

3 Wedelia trilobata Yellow Creeping Evergreen

Daisy
4 Nerium oleander Oleander Evergreen

5 Caesalpinia Peacock shrub Deciduous

pulcherrima

6 Tabernamontane Crepe jasmine Evergreen

coronaria

7 Cynodon dactylon Grass Evergreen

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6.11.7. Stroll Garden

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6.11.8. Garden of Arts

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6.11.9. Yoga Garden

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6.11.10. Garden of Surprise

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6.11.11. The Plaza

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6.11.12. Contoured Landscape

This landscape represents an amalgamation of green, paved and contoured area. The diverse use of
landscape surfaces and vegetation material creates a composite scheme of the landscape abutting the
river.

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6.11.13. Landscape Plan for the Project Site

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6.12. Site Boundary

The site shall be surrounded by boundary wall to keep a check on entry and exit of vehicles coming in
and out of the site. The said boundary wall shall have designated entry and exit points as entry of
persons shall be allowed only with the specific permission.

The following type of boundary walls are proposed in site:

1) Boundary wall with fence

2) Chain-link fencing

Figure 6-11: Boundary Wall Layout Plan

All detailed cost estimates, Bill of Quantities (BOQ’s) and engineering drawings related to Boundary
Wall, Site Grading, Landscaping and Detailed Master Plan drawing has been included as Annexure 9
and Annexure 10.

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7. Engineering Design
7.1. Traffic and Transportation
This section presents the traffic and transportation studies carried out in order to assess the adequacy
of the circulation network (both internal and external) of the project site and to arrive at the proposed
traffic management plan. The section presents the estimated Trip Generation of the project site (from
commercial as well as passenger traffic), followed by estimation of Peak Hour Trips and assumptions
taken on Trip Distribution. Based on this, Lane Adequacy checks are presented for the existing and
proposed road network within and around the project site. The analysis of critical junctions in the
study area is also presented along with appropriate recommendations for each junction. The chapter
concludes with recommendations concerning traffic management of the project site.
The road network is the most important infrastructure development in any industrial area. Road
network planning includes the fixing of right of way, geometric design of roads, design of typical cross-
sections to ensure adequacy of carriageway widths and utility corridors, selection and design of
pavement type, design of intersections, interchanges, location & provision of appropriate facilities.

7.1.1. Traffic Analysis

7.1.1.1. Traffic Forecast (Generated Traffic)

7.1.1.2. Assumptions
To calculate the design capacity of compatible roads, junctions, parking and public transport facilities
following assumptions have been made which are based on standard practice of Industrial Park / SEZ
development: -
 Traffic Population per day – Considering industrial norms the detailed calculated population for
development area is given in Table 7-1.

All required detailed engineering drawings, cost estimates and bill of quantities (BOQ’s) related to
Road Network Plan, Traffic Circulation Plan, Road Plan and Profiles, Typical Cross Sections has been
enclosed as Annexure 9 and Annexure 10.

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Table 7-1: Land use wise area and traffic population distribution
Sl. Land Use Land parcel Area Population
No. Acre Sq.m. BUA Working Population Floating Population Working + Floating Population
(Sq.m.)
A INDUSTRIES
A.1 Ancillary 3.68 14760 10332 91 137 228
A.2 Intermediate Chemicals 85.80 347229 243060 429 644 1073
A.3 Specialty Chemical 34.27 138695 97087 857 1285 2142
A.4 End Products (Paints/ Adhesives / Inks, etc.) 21.42 86676 60673 535 803 1339
A.4 End Products (Based on Polyurethane And SAP) 10.78 43612 30528 431 647 1078
Sub-Total 155.95 630972 441680 2343 3516 5860
B COMMON FACILITIES
Truck Terminal and Warehouse 4.87 19711 13798 73 110 183
C UTILITY
Admin &Tech Center 1.37 5543 11086 21 31 51
Contract, R&D Lab 1.96 7915 15831 29 44 73
Water Works 1.19 4805 4805 18 27 45
ZSS 0.58 2333 2333 9 13 22
MRSS 1.59 6424 6424 24 36 60
Sub-Total 6.68 27019 40477 100 150 250
D CETPs 10.57 42774 42774 159 238 396
F GREEN AREA 69 279685
G ROAD 28 113717
H PHARMA PARK PLOT 28.90 116961 81873 1156 1734 2890
I FACT ROAD 15.34 62079
TOTAL 319.46 1292817 620602 3731 5597 9328
BPCL PLOTS 170
GRAND TOTAL AREA 489.49

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 Modal Split & Occupancy – On the basis of similar projects, past experience and market analysis
has been considered as mentioned in the table below:
Table 7-2: Modal Split & Occupancy
Modal Split of Population
Land Use IPT/ TW Car Taxi Traveler/ Mini Bus Bus
NMT/ HOV
Walk
WP FP WP FP WP FP WP FP WP FP WP FP WP FP
Industries 30% 5% 25% 20% 10% 30% 5% 20% 5% 5% 15% 10% 10% 10%
Source: Voyants
 WP – Working Population, FP – Floating Population, IPT – Intermediate Public Transport, NMT
– Non-motorized Transport, HOV – High Occupancy Vehicles.
 Peak Hour Traffic – 65% passengers’ traffic considering that full traffic consumes in 2 office
hours.
 For commercial vehicles average tonnage per day - 0.01 Tonnes/sq.m/day.
 Total processing area for total tonnage calculation – 2409841 sqm
 Load Sharing & General weight of commodity for Commercial Vehicles – As per market study.

7.1.1.3. Commercial Traffic

Table 7-3: Output Tonnage
OUTPUT Sectors INPUT (TONS) OUTPUT (TONS)
Tonnage

Refinery Park Outside Within Outside

380000 Intermediates 210000 0 170000 30000 350000
100000 Specialty Chemicals 20000 30000 50000 3000 97000
12000 Pharmaceuticals 0 3000 9000 0 12000
198000 End Products 80000 0 118000 0 198000
5000 Ancillary 0 0 5000 5000 0
695000 310000 33000 352000 38000 657000
695000 695000

Table 7-4: Truck Movement

Sectors INPUT (TONS) OUTPUT (TONS) Total

Refinery Park Outside Within Outside

Pipeline Movement (Tons) 140000 0 0 0 0 140000
Trucks Movement (Tons) 170000 33000 352000 0 657000 1212000
ANNUAL TRUCK 8500 1650 17600 0 32850 60600
MOVEMENT (20T) Nos.
Average Daily movement 26 5 53 0 100 184
Nos. (330 days)

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IN / OUT DAILY Average 84 100

truck Movement
PEAK movement Nos. 32 6 67 0 124 230
(1.25x)
IN / OUT Peak Truck 105 124
Movement Nos.
TRUCK Variety (12T& 20T) 12 Ton Trucks (67%) 20-ton Truck (33%)
AVERAGE Daily Truck 34 7 71 0 132 244
Movement
112 132
PEAK Daily truck movement 43 8 89 0 165 305
140 165

Table 7-5: Number of Commercial Vehicles

Land Use Total
2Ax / 3Ax MAV
Traffic 204 101
Source: Voyants
MAV – Multi Axle Vehicle

7.1.1.4. Passenger Traffic

Table 7-6: Generated Passenger Vehicles
Generated Passenger Vehicles
Land Use IPT/ TW Car Taxi Traveler/ Mini Bus Total
NMT/ HOV Bus Vehicles
Walk
Total Area 1494 2191 2191 1394 83 60 25 5943
Source: Voyants
IPT – Intermediate Public Transport
NMT – Non-motorized Transport
TW- Two-Wheeler
HOV - High Occupancy Vehicles

7.1.1.5. Total Generated Traffic

On the basis of above assumptions type of roads, traffic load has been calculated. However, summary
of final mode wise traffic numbers has been shown in the table below: -

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Table 7-7: Distribution of Total Traffic

Patterns of Users Traffic Veh's / Day PCUs / Day Peak Hour Peak Hour
(Numbers) Traffic (Nos.) Traffic (PCUs)

IPT/ NMT/Walk 1494 - - - -

TW 2191 2191 1095 1424 712
Car 2191 2191 2191 1424 1424
Taxi 1394 1394 1394 906 906
Traveler 83 83 124 54 81
Mini Bus 60 60 90 39 59
Bus 25 25 75 16 49
Total Passengers Vehicles 5943 5943 4969 3863 3230
2-Axle / 3-Axle Trucks 204 204 613 133 398
Multi Axle Trucks 101 101 453 65 294
Total Commercials 305 305 1066 198 693
Grand Total 6248 6248 6035 4061 3923

Total Traffic per day 6248

Total Motorized Traffic per day 6248
Traffic Volume in PCUs/day 6035
Peak Hour Factor 65%
Total Trucks per day 305
Peak Hour Traffic Volume 4061
Peak Hour Traffic Volume (PCUs) 3923

7.1.2. Land Adequacy & Circulation Plan

7.1.2.1. Internal & External Road Network

As per plot area distribution, traffic load in each of the roads has been calculated and accordingly
circulation plan has been developed. Road wise traffic distribution (in %) has been shown in the table
below: -
Table 7-8: Traffic Density in % age Gate Wise
Sl. No Roads List ROW (m) Lane Configuration Traffic (in %)

1 EX-02 (Gate-A 22 4-Lane Divided with Footpath & 70%

Northern Side) Utility Corridor

2 R-1 (Gate-B Southern 20 2-Lane with Utility Corridor 30%

Side)

3 EX-01 24 4-Lane Divided with Footpath & 36%

Utility Corridor
Source: Voyants Analysis.

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Table 7-9: Sub Division of Traffic Road Wise

Sl. Road List ROW (m) Lane Configuration Traffic
No. (in %)
1 R-2 20 2-Lane with Utility Corridor 30%
2 R-5 19 2-Lane with Utility Corridor 2%
3 R-6 19 2-Lane with Utility Corridor 2%
4 R-7 20 2-Lane with Utility Corridor 36%
5 R-8 19 2-Lane with Utility Corridor 10%
6 R-9 19 2-Lane with Utility Corridor 2%
Source: Voyants Analysis.

7.1.2.2. Access Gate

Two main access gates, one in north direction and second in south direction for common traffic
movement of whole area, have been worked out to address the traffic volume generated by the
project components.

(i) Access from Gate-A (Northern Gate)

Considering that the northern gate A will ingress the maximum part of the area so maximum traffic
which is about 70% of the whole traffic will circulate through this gate only. Total peak hour traffic is
considered 65% which can be accommodated by 4 lanes.

(ii) Access from Gate B (Southern Gate)

Considering that the southern gate B will ingress mainly the southern part of the area so maximum
southern part industries traffic which is about 30% of the whole traffic will circulate through this gate.
Total peak hour traffic is considered 65% which can be accommodated by 4 lanes.

7.1.2.3. Circulation Plan

Traffic circulation plan is shown in figure below:

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Figure 7-1: Traffic Circulation Plan

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7.1.3. Parking Demand within Industrial Park

The increase of the number of personalized vehicles have made the provision for parking an important
aspect of transportation planning. The parking demand forecast is the key of public parking planning
and provides the basic data for the size of the parking lot.
As part of Traffic analysis done for the Industry area, parking analysis has also been done for each
building. Since development shows all areas are frequented by public and busy with floating
population, not only the roads are experiencing heavy volumes, demand for parking (on-street and
Off-street) is also very high.

7.1.3.1. Calculating Parking Demand

Parking Demand is direct factor of the Vehicle coming in the area. Although it is also coupled up with
the availability of alternate modes of transport, purpose etc. ECS considering for parking demand
calculation is given in below table: -
Table 7-10: ECS of Vehicles
Vehicles Plotting Size ECS

Cycle 2 m x 0.5 m 0.1

Two-wheeler 2mx1m 0.25
Cycle rickshaw 2.5 m x 1 m 0.50
Autorickshaw 3 m x 1.5-2 m 0.60
Car 5mx2m 1.0
LCV 2 m x 5m 1.0
Mini Bus 2.6m x 8m 1.5
2Ax/ 3Ax 2.4m x 9m 2.2
Bus/ MAV 15m x 2.6 m 3.9

Considering all factors demand has been arrived for full development of area is given detail in below
table.
Table 7-11: Parking Demand Assessment
Built Area of New Development (in Sqm) 673572
Number of Employees 3983
Visitors 5975
Source: Voyants

Table 7-12: Generated Vehicles Due to Development

Generated Vehicles Due to Development
Land Use Two-Wheeler Car Total
Permanent Visitors Permanent Visitors
Industries 996 1195 398 1792 4382
2-Ax / 3-Ax MAV
Logistic Park 204 101 305

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Table 7-13: Total Daily Occupancy

Land Use Two-Wheeler Car Total Full Short Medium Long Total
Occupanc Term (0- Term Term (Full Daily
y ECS 2hrs.) - (2hrs.- office Occupie
All 6hrs.) - Timing or d - ECS
Visitors 20% of More) -
Employee 75% of
Employee

Perma Visitors Perma Visitors

nent nent
Industrie 996 1195 398 1792 2738 2091 129 485 2706
s
Land Use 2-Ax/ 3-Ax MAV Total Full Short Medium Long Total
Occupanc Term (0- Term Term (Full Daily
y ECS 2hrs.) (2hrs.- office Occupie
6hrs.) Timing or d - ECS
More)

Logistic 204 101 842 168 253 421 842

Park
Note: - Assuming approx. 5% of employee will be on leave daily. So Actual Daily Occupancy ECS is less than Maximum
Occupancy ECS.

7.1.4. Conclusions and Recommendations

I. Area has high potential of development which will have high pedestrian and vehicle flow once
the development takes place.
II. Entry/ Exit from Southern gate is for mainly south part industries traffic. Maximum traffic will
circulate in the industry area through Northern Gate.
III. The plan proposes to have dedicated pedestrian infrastructure laid along with the vehicular
traffic corridors.
IV. The pedestrian circulation is planned to be safe and secured which gives walkway connectivity
to each building.
V. The detailed design of Walkways shall be pedestrian friendly, especially for crossing the roads
at junctions.
VI. The detailed design of road network shall segregate vehicles and pedestrian completely.
VII. The plan has provided dedicated space/ pedestrian lane for physically handicapped and old
persons movement.
VIII. The detailed design shall have material and construction specifications that facilitate (as per
IRC: 103-2012) the movement of physically handicapped and old persons such as tactile paving
for blind persons. Suitably designed ramps for all small grade change shall be constructed to
facilitate the movement of wheel chair users. Fixtures and street furniture like guard rails,
audible signage's, information board in braille, etc. on pedestrian paths shall be provided.
IX. Considering the Industry area to be a high activity area, vehicular parking demand will increase
with development. Thus, appropriate parking spaces as per demand shall be provided with
properly designed parking as per the standards and pedestrian facility shall be provided in
each parking.
X. Connectivity of Parking areas to other major buildings will be properly design for pedestrian
walk for normal and disable persons both.

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XI. Landscaped plazas with designated spaces for hawkers along with parking lots for NMT, other
IPT and service vehicles as well private vehicles shall be provided in the detailed design.

7.2. Road Network Plan

The circulation for the site has been planned according to the topography of the site. The right of way
will also incorporate the special requirement of all proposed infrastructure services like water,
sewage, power, telecom, gas etc. Considering the future goods and passenger traffic, the existing FACT
road which starts from Kakkanad Karimughal road will be widened to 24 mt. upto A2 and further it
will be widened to 22 mt. to allow smooth and continuous movement of traffic. The proposed roads
in Petrochemical Park have been planned in hierarchy depending on the traffic volume expected.

7.2.1. Right of Way (RoW)

Along with the finalization of the road network, it is important to allocate land for the utility corridor,
which by theory and common practice runs parallel to the carriageway. The utility corridor demands
a width varying to accommodate all services in stages of hierarchy including green belt, networks for
water supply, effluent conveyance, power supply, storm water drains, telecom, gas and any other
industry specific service. The ROW in the industrial estate has been planned considering all these
aspects.
The Link-wise road network scheme is presented in the following table.
Table 7-14 Road Network
Sl. no. Type Lane Total Length in mt.
1 24 mt ROW 4 lane divided 597.941
2 22 mt ROW 4 lane divided 2830.000
3 20 mt ROW 2 lane undivided 3683.918
4 19 mt ROW 2 lane undivided 1262.57
Additional length of Cul-de-sac - 661.335
Source: Voyants

The typical cross sections for various types of RoW are presented in figure below.

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Figure 7-2: Typical ROW – 24m Wide (External Road)

Figure 7-3: Typical ROW – 22m Wide (external Road)

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Figure 7-4: Typical ROW – 20m Wide (Internal Road)

Figure 7-5: Typical ROW – 19m Wide (Internal Road)

7.2.2. Cross Sectional Element

Cross sectional elements were developed on the basis of design standards and specifications set for
the different project links. The camber is provided to drain off the surface water and for the mentioned
roads is proposed to be 2.5%.

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7.3. Geometric Design

7.3.1. Design Standards

Geometric Internal Roads
parameters Generally followed Exceptions Remarks
Speed Collector Road -50 kmph (24m &22m ROW) 20 kmph Exceptional
Local Road -30 kmph (20m & 19m ROW) 20 kmph speed is
applicable at
junctions and at
sharp curves
Min. horizontal Type of Roads Desirable Radius Radius Exceptional
radius (m) (m) (m) radius is
Collector Road 100 30 applicable at
Local Road 50 20 junctions
Cross-fall / Camber 2.50% - -
(%)
Super-elevation 5.00% (max) - -
(%)

Maximum 3.3% 4.0% Exceptional

Longitudinal gradient is
gradient (%) applicable at
steep location
Minimum 0.30% 0.20% Applicable at few
Longitudinal locations
gradient (%)
Minimum “K” for Design Speed min k for stopping - -
vertical curve sight distance
Hog Sag curve - -
curve
(kmph)
80 32.6 25.3 - -
50 8.2 10 - -
30 2.0 3.5 - -

7.3.1.1. Horizontal Alignment:

The horizontal alignment is designed with design speed adopted in concept design for different
category of roads. However, at few locations design speed corresponding to its respective type could
not be maintained due to site constraints.

7.3.1.2. Vertical Profile

The profile of the Project Corridor has been designed preliminary on the basis of DTM data collected
during the topographic survey. In addition to the standards and guidelines, a number of other
considerations have been made to design the vertical profile, which is presented below;
 Maximum gradient of 4.0% is adopted.
 Minimum gradient of 0.2% is adopted.
Efforts have been made to keep the grade line smooth that matches with the character of the terrain.

7.3.1.3. Intersections
Since anticipated traffic volume is high in this kind of area development project the smooth traffic
movement prevails over high speed, all the intersections are kept at grade only. Thus, the basic
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requirements for the design of intersections in this case was to cater to safe movements for the traffic
and to provide them full traffic information by way of traffic signs, pavement markings and traffic
signals, if required in future. Further, simplicity and uniformity has been considered as the guiding
principles for intersection design and to ensure the safe passage of movements.
Though IRC-SP: 41-1994 give the monogram for warrants for the different types of at-grade or grade
separated intersections, these warrants are based upon the traffic volumes on each of the two
intersecting roads. The type of intersection to be provided shall be based on these IRC guidelines.
Similarly warrants given in the “Type Designs for Intersections on National Highways” published by
the MORT&H has also been taken into consideration for the design of intersections. However, looking
at the very high level of traffic the at-grade intersections have been categorized in two types:
 Intersections within the sub-links
 Intersections of sub-links with the main link.

7.3.2. Road Junctions

7.3.2.1. Type of Junctions

The following types of junctions have been identified:
 T- junctions
 4-Arm Junctions

7.3.2.2. Classification of Junctions

The following features have been included in the junctions:
 Initially, all junctions shall be of non - signalised type. Later, they can be converted to signalised
junctions in due course as traffic volumes grow without any major changes in the layout of the
curves and islands.
 Pedestrian crossing (Zebra Crossing) will be marked.
 Turning arrows will be marked.
 Centre lines and lane lines will be demarcated.
 Traffic safety aids such as studs (cluster of red reflectors) shall be provided at nose of islands
and rotary islands.
 Traffic signs shall be installed.
 For all junctions the turning radius is kept as 15 m.

7.3.3. Sight Distance

Sight distance is required for the safe movement of traffic on road and at intersections. The driver’s
ability to judge the hazard of entering intersection is very much enhanced as the visibility is increased
by removal of obstructions falling in the line of sight. Improvements to sight distance have been
imparted by making the corners of the property lines circular parallel to the radius of the outer line of
the carriageway or by giving green strip between carriage way and plot lines.

7.3.4. Pavement Design

Flexible pavement is proposed for all the roads in the project. Pavement is designed based on traffic
computed (20 MSA for 19m Corridor and 30 MSA for 20m to 24m Corridor road) and considering soil
properties in vicinity to the sea. Considering minimum 8% CBR value, the pavement composition is
stated as follows:

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Table 7-15 Pavement Composition

Pavement Layers Thickness
ROW (m) 24 22 20 19
BC 40 mm 40 mm 40 mm 40 mm
DBM 100 mm 100 mm 1040 mm 85 mm
WMM 250 mm 250 mm 250 mm 250 mm
GSB 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm
SUBGRADE 500 mm 500 mm 500 mm 500 mm

All required cost estimates cum BOQ’s and detailed engineering drawings w.r.t road network plans,
road plan and profiles has been enclosed as Annexure 9 and Annexure 10.

7.4. Site Levelling and Grading Work

7.4.1. Introduction
The main objective of the proposed study is to analyse the current land levelling of the project area
and suitably design for effective and economic site grading and levelling work by undertaking
technical, economic details of the project area.
• Prepare detailed design for most appropriate site grading considering existing and proposed
road levels, plot levels, drainage, utilities and developments.
• To alleviate flooding by raising the existing ground level at the low-lying areas mainly along the
lake / water bodies.
• To facilitate gravitational storm water drainage and sewage flow as much as possible.
• Work out optimal quantum of earth filling, establishing the usage of material for filling at low-
lying / water logged areas.

7.4.2. Proposed System and Design Basis

Site levelling and grading works have been done in most of the areas. Grading work has only been
undertaken in that parcel of the site those are closer to the lake with steep slopes or areas at outer
skirt of site where there is a huge difference in elevations. Retaining wall or stone pitching work have
also been considered as per level difference between existing & proposed levels of plots or roads for
slope stabilization on sides for cut & fill areas. The figure below shows the cut and fill areas in the site.
Site Levelling & Grading work has not been considered in the plots demarcated as BPCL and Pharma
plots due to development of these plots by the owner.
Summary of net earth cut and fill volume are estimated and are tabulated below.
Table 7-16: Summary of Estimated Cut & Fill Volume for Project Development
Description 2D Area (sqm) Cut (Cu.M) Fill (Cu.M) Net (Cu.M) Cut-Fill
Plot area 394457.60 1111791.99 690666.83 421125.16 Fill
97.47 Acre
Totals 394457.60 1111791.99 690666.83 421125.16

Table 7-17: Summary of Estimated Cut & Fill Volume for Fact Road
Description 2D Area (sqm) Cut (Cu.M) Fill (Cu.M) Net (Cu.M) Cut-Fill
Plot area 56914 17074 79680 -62605 Fill
14.06 Acre

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All required detailed engineering drawings, cost estimates, bill of quantities (BOQ’s) w.r.t site
grading and levelling, boundary wall, landscape plan, buildings and proposed gates and also a
detailed master plan has been enclosed as Annexure 9 and Annexure 10.

Figure 7-6: Site Levelling and Grading Work of Petrochemical Park Project

7.5. Storm Water Drainage

7.5.1. Introduction
The site has been analyzed in the context of pre and post development of land with respect to
hydrological characteristics to achieve effective storm water management and harvesting of
maximum quantity of rainwater.
The aim of storm water management and all designed elements will be protection of the area from
flooding during the monsoon period, conservation of the natural water courses and nalahs from
erosion and pollution, reduction of pollutant loads and enhancement of the ecology and environment
of the industrial area.

7.5.2. Design basis

The drainage catchment of the site area has been studied in detail with respect to pre and post
development (as per the topography of the land layout and Final Master Plan). The present drainage
proposal is based on the initial grading plan. Outfall location has been done by taking into
consideration the storm water flow direction based on the grading plan, contours and existing water
bodies. Outfalls are given at suitable locations viz., local valleys, natural streams and water body in the
respective catchment. Proposed drainage plan is shown in Annexure of storm water drawings.
As the site comprises of a number of catchments with several ridges and valleys the network system
has resulted in a number of outfalls. The drainage design has taken into consideration the following
factors:

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1. Storm water drains are aligned to the carriageways following the proposed road gradients,
draining into the water bodies.

2. Proposed plot grading and direction of plot outfall has been considered in estimating the
runoff generation in a particular road stretch.

The main criteria followed in the design of drainage system is

 Safe disposal of storm water that is collected from the roads, pavements, medians, plots and
other open/green areas
 Maintaining self-cleansing velocity within the drains so that there is no stagnant water or
silting
 Maximum flow of water with minimum cross sections

All required detailed engineering drawings w.r.t potable water supply, recycle water supply,
sewerage networks, storm water networks, fire water networks, cost estimates cum BOQ’s has
been enclosed as Annexure 9 and Annexure 10.
The figure below gives schematic diagram of the process of Storm Water network design followed.

Figure: 7.1 :Methodology of storm water network analysis

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7.5.3. Design Criteria

7.5.3.1. Rainfall and run-off

The intensity of rainfall for the design of the storm water drainage network has been determined
considering the historical meteorological conditions. The design has been based on analysis of the
rainfall pattern and its distribution with respect to time and intensity. The critical parameters that
have been considered with respect to the rainfall include frequency distribution, depth and duration.
The standards and norms of the central soil and water conservation research and training institute are
analyzed as per the requirement.

7.5.3.2. Co-efficient of Runoff

The co-efficient of runoff is the factor of different types of land use. Based on the permeability of the
type of land use the value of C can be decided. So, higher the permeability of the land, lower the C
value and vice versa. Though the wetted C value for multiple land use is resulted to Min 0.205 and
Max 0.558, keeping in view the gradient of the land for entire project area.

7.5.3.3. Imperviousness
The percentage of drainage area can be obtained from the records of a particular drainage basin or
City. In the absence of such data, standards can be followed.
Based on the land use, adopted coefficient of imperviousness for various land use of this project is
given in Table 7-18.

Table 7-18: Coefficient of Runoff

Coefficient of
Sl. No. Parameters
Imperviousness
1 Commercial and Industrial area 0.8
2 Residential area 0.6
3 Parks & Undeveloped areas including agricultural areas
0.2

7.5.3.4. Time of Concentration

Time of concentration is made up of inlet time, the period required to establish run-off and for water
to flow from the most distant point in the drainage area to the drain, and time of flow in the drain.
The latter is readily estimated by hydraulic computations. Inlet time is sometimes the most important
factor in determining the probable run-off particularly in small districts or in fairly large districts with
steep slopes.
Time of concentration (Tc) is computed for each catchment to calculate the intensity of rainfall for
that catchment. The initial time of concentration calculated based on Kirpich formula.
Ti = 0.0078 (L)^0.77/s^0.385
Where, L= Flow length in feet and
s = Slope of catchment.
Ti = 0.01947 (L^3/H)^0.385
Where L = Flow length in m and
H= Elevation difference between catchment start point & drain inlet in m.
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7.5.3.5. Storm Frequency

Considering status of the project area, Intensity of rainfall, availability of space for constructing the
drains and cost benefit analysis, the return period is finalized as
1. Secondary and tertiary Drains: once in 5 years
2. Primary Drains: once in 10 years
3. Retention ponds: 20 Years

7.5.3.6. Storm Water Discharge (Q)

The storm water flow discharge has been determined by using the rational method.
Q = 10 C I A
Where Q = storm runoff in m3/hr
C = runoff co-efficient
I = intensity of the rainfall in mm/hr
A = area of the drainage district in hectares
Manning’s formula is adopted for the design of Storm Water Drainage system.
1 2 / 3 1/ 2
V  R S
n
Q = AxV
Where, V = Velocity in m/sec at partial flow condition
n = Manning’s Roughness coefficient
R = Hydraulic Radius (m)
S = Slope of Hydraulic Gradient
Q = Flow rate in cumecs
A = Cross sectional Area of pipe in sq. m.

7.5.3.7. Free Board

The free board would vary from 0.1 m to 0.9 m depending on the size and type of drain.

7.5.3.8. Coefficient of Roughness

Manning's coefficient of roughness plays an important role in offering resistance for the liquid to flow
on its surface. “n” values for common materials used in Storm water drains as given in CPHEEO
Manual, which is tabulated at below table.
Table 7-19 :Coefficient of Roughness

Type of Material Condition Manning’s n

Salt glazed stone ware Good 0.012

Fair 0.015
Cement Concrete pipes (with collar joints) Good 0.013
Fair 0.015
Spun Concrete pipes (RCC & PSC), with S/S joints (Design valve) 0.011
Masonry a) Neat cement plaster 0.018
b) Sand and cement plaster 0.015
c) Concrete, steel trowelled 0.014
d) Concrete, wood trowelled 0.015

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e) Brick in good condition 0.015

f) Brick in rough condition 0.017
g) Masonry in bad condition 0.02
Stone work a) Smooth, dressed ashlar 0.015
b) Rubble set in cement 0.017
c) Fine, well packed gravel 0.02

7.5.3.9. Longitudinal Bed Slope

Longitudinal bed slopes of drains would be fixed considering the natural slope of the area and nominal
drops are provided to meet the permissible velocity criteria in case of steep slopes. The design would
be based on Manning’s formula.

7.5.3.10. Design of Drain section

Unlike the usage of conventional rectangular section, it is recommended to provide kerb channels
within the carriage way for carrying the storm runoff due to the following reasons.
1) The length of the independent network is small resulting in lesser discharge
2) Rainfall pattern of the area is low to moderate
3) Optimisation of area within utility corridor
Therefore, the design of the storm water drain sections has been based on the discharge, catchment
area, and available width in RoW. Three sections have been designed:
In the entire network, the sections have been used based on the extent of contributing catchment
area. In order to design and determine the section type, each zone has been divided into number of
catchment areas based on the respective outfalls. Considering the topography and discharge, such
surface drains are feasible from the point of economy, construction, wear and tear and efficient
maintenance and management. For effective maintenance of the storm water network, inspection
chambers are provided at 15m intervals all along the network.

7.5.4. Drainage Network

Design Scheme
The total length of drainage network for entire network area is worked out to be 16.25 Km. The below
table gives the details of the design outcomes /salient features of the entire storm water network,
road crossings and cross drainage works.
Table 7-20 :Drain size and its length Details
Sl.No Drain Size
Length (m)
(m x m)
1 0.6 X 0.6 12102.44
2 0.75 x 0.75 1379.14
3 0.9 X 0.75 563.83
4 0.9 X 0.9 712.26
5 1.05 X 1.05 611.90
6 1.2 X 1.2 506.55
7 1.5 X 1.2 148.55
8 1.5 X 1.5 50.00
9 2.00 X 1.5 89.01
Total 16164

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Table 7-21: Outfall summary

Elevation (Ground) Elevation (Invert)

Label Flow Out (m³/s)
(m) (m)

O-2 25.5 24.45 1.2612

O-5 27.07 19.55 1.7746
O-7 26.54 24.2 2.0684
O-8 23.76 22.56 2.6666
O-9 4.05 3.16 0.8315
O-10 3.7 2.5 2.3557
O-11 23.3 22.1 2.1123
O-12 1.4 -0.1 4.0098
O-14 15.15 14.46 0.7277

Table 7-22: Salient Features of Storm Water Drainage System

Description Value Unit
Total area of the catchment 113.740 HA
Total Length of Storm Water Drainage system 16.17 Km
No of Outfalls proposed 10 Nos
No of Drain Sections used 09 Nos

7.5.5. Cost summary

Table 7-23 :Cost summary of Storm Water Drain
S.No Component Amount

A Storm Water drain:

1 Construction of Storm water drains as per drawings 184563864.00
Sub Total - I 184563864.00
B GST
2 Provision towards Works Contract GST @ 12% 22147664.00
Sub Total - II 206711528.00
C Other L.S provisions
3 Unforeseen items @ 2% 4134231.00
4 PS & Contingencies- @ 1.50% 3100673.00
5 Quality Control @ 0.75% 1550336.00
6 Price Escalation @ 5% 10335576.00
7 Tender Premium @ 5% and rounding off 10335576.00
Grand Total in Rs. 236167920.00
Grand Total in Lakhs 2361.68

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7.5.6. Design Output

Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Ground Ground Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop (Scaled) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Label Node Node (m) Size (Display) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
CO-1 N-327 N-46 28.32 0.6 X 0.6 0.06 36.11 36.03 35.51 35.32 5.30 146.61
CO-2 N-63 N-328 19.44 0.6 X 0.6 0.11 26.55 26.42 25.85 25.70 27.50 129.60
CO-3 N-168 N-328 30.56 0.9 X 0.9 0.86 26.30 26.42 24.85 24.35 32.40 61.12
CO-4 N-328 O-7 7.20 1.05 X 1.05 1.15 26.42 26.54 24.35 24.20 43.30 47.99
CO-5 N-264 N-329 13.99 0.6 X 0.6 1.04 26.39 26.35 25.01 24.45 1.10 25.00
CO-6 N-7 N-8 5.95 1.05 X 1.05 0.16 3.09 3.15 1.91 1.90 79.10 500.00
CO-7 N-278 N-329 36.01 1.05 X 1.05 0.76 26.30 26.35 24.57 24.45 55.30 300.09
CO-8 N-329 N-328 10.84 1.05 X 1.05 0.93 26.35 26.42 24.45 24.35 37.80 108.36
CO-9 N-330 N-100 46.71 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 26.51 26.33 25.91 25.73 28.40 255.30
CO-10 N-331 N-109 46.75 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 26.82 26.63 26.22 26.03 16.70 242.47
CO-11 N-15 N-16 10.15 0.6 X 0.6 0.02 36.08 36.10 35.48 35.46 16.30 500.00
CO-12 N-10 N-17 40.10 0.9 X 0.9 0.15 23.34 23.43 22.44 22.22 79.70 179.62
CO-13 N-177 N-334 47.08 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 24.54 24.11 23.94 23.45 73.60 96.55
CO-14 N-19 N-20 10.90 0.9 X 0.75 0.12 29.10 29.10 28.24 28.22 71.60 500.00
CO-15 N-334 N-21 46.53 0.75 x 0.75 0.05 24.11 23.94 23.36 23.10 60.90 176.37
CO-16 N-18 N-7 10.90 1.05 X 1.05 0.09 3.09 3.09 1.99 1.91 29.90 146.77

CO-17 N-22 N-21 10.90 0.9 X 0.9 0.22 24.23 23.94 23.18 22.74 39.40 25.00
CO-18 N-333 N-335 56.21 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 33.16 32.53 32.56 31.93 40.00 88.53
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Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-19 N-336 N-19 36.68 0.6 X 0.6 0.16 30.79 29.10 29.92 28.45 27.90 25.00
CO-20 N-335 N-336 51.99 0.6 X 0.6 0.14 32.53 30.79 31.93 29.92 27.70 25.87
CO-21 N-30 O-14 11.97 0.6 X 0.6 0.07 15.23 15.15 14.58 14.46 80.00 97.16
CO-22 N-332 N-337 57.94 0.6 X 0.6 0.01 33.48 32.63 32.88 32.00 8.50 65.46
CO-23 N-25 N-26 14.53 0.6 X 0.6 0.16 23.82 24.10 23.22 23.19 32.00 500.00
CO-24 N-338 N-20 35.87 0.6 X 0.6 0.17 30.77 29.10 29.88 28.45 21.40 25.00
CO-25 N-28 N-27 16.09 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 37.08 36.76 36.48 36.16 31.20 50.83
CO-26 N-337 N-338 52.87 0.6 X 0.6 0.16 32.63 30.77 32.00 29.88 20.70 25.00
CO-27 N-29 N-41 32.03 0.6 X 0.6 0.04 24.97 23.68 24.33 23.05 21.70 25.00
CO-28 N-37 N-339 41.90 0.75 x 0.75 0.00 28.19 27.55 27.44 26.80 55.30 65.39
CO-29 N-340 N-35 54.93 0.75 x 0.75 0.15 26.64 25.63 25.89 24.58 47.70 41.90
CO-30 N-339 N-340 47.42 0.75 x 0.75 0.00 27.55 26.64 26.80 25.89 51.20 52.10
CO-31 N-31 N-32 16.88 0.75 x 0.75 0.01 8.26 8.25 7.51 7.47 55.60 500.00
CO-32 N-26 N-1 18.82 0.75 x 0.75 0.08 24.10 23.48 23.19 22.73 59.20 40.68
CO-33 N-324 N-341 45.56 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 28.20 27.48 27.60 26.88 5.60 63.35
CO-34 N-33 N-34 17.35 0.9 X 0.9 0.08 3.80 3.92 2.90 2.86 76.30 500.00
CO-35 N-342 N-36 52.16 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 26.59 25.63 25.99 25.03 13.20 54.45
CO-36 N-341 N-342 49.50 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 27.48 26.59 26.88 25.99 9.80 55.14
CO-37 N-36 N-35 17.70 0.6 X 0.6 0.01 25.63 25.63 25.03 25.00 70.50 613.13
CO-38 N-343 O-11 14.60 1.2 X 1.2 0.10 23.56 23.30 22.15 22.10 65.10 274.92
CO-39 N-94 N-122 45.41 0.6 X 0.6 0.29 24.89 23.56 24.25 22.43 20.80 25.00
CO-40 N-20 N-37 20.37 0.75 x 0.75 0.06 29.10 28.19 28.22 27.44 39.20 26.28
CO-41 N-38 N-19 20.71 0.6 X 0.6 0.13 28.88 29.10 28.28 28.24 80.00 500.00
CO-42 N-122 N-343 16.59 0.6 X 0.6 0.57 23.56 23.56 22.43 22.35 58.30 207.37
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Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-43 N-39 N-40 21.02 0.6 X 0.6 0.08 28.88 27.89 28.13 27.29 13.50 25.00
CO-44 N-42 N-24 22.95 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 15.37 15.23 14.77 14.63 23.60 163.68
CO-45 N-344 N-142 50.10 0.6 X 0.6 0.26 41.84 41.35 41.24 40.23 6.20 49.85
CO-46 N-43 N-30 24.41 0.6 X 0.6 0.02 15.39 15.23 14.79 14.58 21.30 119.83
CO-47 N-14 N-15 28.86 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 37.08 36.08 36.48 35.48 4.70 28.93
CO-48 N-345 N-138 48.60 0.6 X 0.6 0.26 41.34 41.28 40.74 40.15 6.80 83.02
CO-49 N-44 N-18 27.70 0.9 X 0.75 0.29 3.03 3.09 2.04 1.99 66.70 500.00
CO-50 N-68 N-6 48.23 0.75 x 0.75 0.11 13.34 11.30 12.43 10.50 60.00 25.00
CO-51 N-45 N-30 29.63 0.6 X 0.6 0.02 15.34 15.23 14.74 14.58 45.20 189.45
CO-52 N-21 O-8 30.80 1.2 X 1.2 0.00 23.94 23.76 22.74 22.56 64.90 171.08
CO-53 N-47 N-24 31.31 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 15.36 15.23 14.76 14.63 51.20 248.63
CO-54 N-48 N-39 31.53 0.6 X 0.6 0.08 29.60 28.88 29.00 28.13 14.80 36.31
CO-55 N-49 N-38 31.79 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 29.60 28.88 29.00 28.28 21.30 44.33
CO-56 N-24 N-30 16.87 0.6 X 0.6 0.02 15.23 15.23 14.63 14.58 79.50 373.96
CO-57 N-50 N-34 17.79 0.75 x 0.75 0.16 3.67 3.92 2.92 2.86 67.50 332.13
CO-58 N-346 N-122 27.89 0.6 X 0.6 0.38 23.43 23.56 22.59 22.43 24.00 169.44
CO-59 N-51 N-33 34.77 0.9 X 0.9 0.00 4.44 3.80 3.54 2.90 33.20 54.43
CO-60 N-5 N-346 27.71 0.6 X 0.6 0.15 23.30 23.43 22.65 22.59 35.40 500.00
CO-61 N-32 N-52 49.96 0.75 x 0.75 0.09 8.25 6.86 7.47 5.96 38.60 33.05
CO-62 N-347 N-5 17.72 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 23.34 23.30 22.74 22.65 21.90 208.06
CO-63 N-53 N-31 34.60 0.6 X 0.6 0.07 8.92 8.26 8.32 7.51 33.80 42.73
CO-64 N-348 N-347 48.58 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 23.85 23.34 23.25 22.74 16.90 94.89
CO-65 N-3 N-23 35.96 0.6 X 0.6 0.09 26.52 26.49 25.92 25.70 2.00 164.06
CO-66 N-27 N-55 36.83 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 36.76 35.81 36.16 35.21 29.10 38.77
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Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-67 N-349 N-348 50.54 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 24.77 23.85 24.17 23.25 11.00 54.73
CO-68 N-56 O-12 39.01 2 X 1.5 -0.02 1.50 1.40 0.05 -0.10 49.60 260.05
CO-69 N-325 N-349 43.82 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.58 24.77 24.98 24.17 11.00 54.13
CO-70 N-1 N-10 28.01 0.9 X 0.75 0.07 23.48 23.34 22.73 22.44 69.30 99.17
CO-71 N-389 N-50 11.19 0.6 X 0.6 0.08 3.82 3.67 3.22 2.92 46.00 36.81
CO-72 N-35 O-2 41.07 1.05 X 1.05 0.00 25.63 25.50 24.58 24.45 61.10 318.69
CO-73 N-52 N-161 10.97 0.9 X 0.9 0.15 6.86 6.84 5.96 5.64 27.50 34.12
CO-74 N-57 N-32 42.56 0.6 X 0.6 0.09 9.09 8.25 8.49 7.47 38.40 41.88
CO-75 N-161 O-15 27.69 1.2 X 1.2 0.00 6.84 6.55 5.64 5.35 50.90 95.00
CO-76 N-16 N-58 43.90 0.6 X 0.6 0.02 36.10 34.43 35.46 33.83 21.30 26.89
CO-77 N-59 N-7 44.83 0.9 X 0.75 0.33 2.99 3.09 2.00 1.91 67.90 500.00
CO-78 N-60 N-11 47.42 0.6 X 0.6 0.04 26.83 26.81 26.23 26.13 24.20 500.00
CO-79 N-62 N-61 50.00 0.9 X 0.75 1.04 26.99 27.34 25.42 25.32 78.20 500.00
CO-80 N-11 N-63 47.27 0.6 X 0.6 0.09 26.81 26.55 26.13 25.85 23.40 168.45
CO-81 N-61 N-64 50.00 0.9 X 0.75 1.27 27.34 27.24 25.32 25.22 78.40 500.00
CO-82 N-65 N-59 50.00 0.9 X 0.75 0.12 2.85 2.99 2.10 2.00 66.50 500.00
CO-83 N-66 N-67 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 18.18 17.09 17.58 16.43 68.90 43.47
CO-84 N-70 N-69 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.05 2.99 3.00 2.24 2.14 77.60 500.00
CO-85 N-71 O-10 48.55 1.5 X 1.2 0.00 3.79 3.70 2.59 2.50 70.70 500.00
CO-86 N-73 N-72 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 14.65 14.25 14.05 13.65 39.90 122.47
CO-87 N-75 N-74 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.02 26.49 26.42 25.74 25.62 79.80 442.49
CO-88 N-69 N-44 50.00 0.9 X 0.75 0.17 3.00 3.03 2.14 2.04 65.90 500.00
CO-89 N-76 N-62 50.00 0.9 X 0.75 0.60 26.65 26.99 25.52 25.42 77.60 500.00
CO-90 N-78 N-77 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.16 14.89 14.66 14.06 13.96 68.00 500.00
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Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-91 N-79 N-22 49.19 0.75 x 0.75 0.15 24.40 24.23 23.65 23.18 57.40 104.63
CO-92 N-67 N-80 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.17 17.09 15.31 16.43 14.43 56.50 25.00
CO-93 N-82 N-81 50.00 1.2 X 1.2 0.00 7.68 7.57 6.48 6.37 70.80 474.37
CO-94 N-83 N-84 50.00 1.5 X 1.2 0.20 2.10 1.85 0.66 0.49 79.70 300.19
CO-95 N-86 N-87 49.32 0.6 X 0.6 3.48 30.38 29.12 26.66 24.69 47.40 25.00
CO-96 N-88 N-89 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 33.15 32.44 32.55 31.84 33.40 70.54
CO-97 N-74 N-76 50.00 0.9 X 0.75 0.21 26.42 26.65 25.62 25.52 76.80 500.00
CO-98 N-4 N-90 50.24 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 33.47 32.77 32.87 32.17 17.40 71.89
CO-99 N-92 N-91 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 5.23 4.86 4.63 4.26 62.00 134.75
CO-100 N-93 N-94 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.02 26.81 24.89 26.21 24.25 19.90 25.52
CO-101 N-95 N-83 50.00 1.2 X 1.2 0.12 2.15 2.10 0.95 0.66 79.80 171.23
CO-102 N-97 N-96 50.00 0.9 X 0.9 0.02 5.43 5.08 4.48 4.18 50.00 163.32
CO-103 N-98 N-99 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.53 27.08 25.48 26.15 24.15 21.10 25.00
CO-104 N-100 N-101 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 26.33 25.97 25.73 25.37 34.20 139.56
CO-105 N-6 N-102 51.74 0.75 x 0.75 0.03 11.30 9.18 10.50 8.43 60.30 25.00
CO-106 N-103 N-104 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 30.84 29.51 30.24 28.91 29.10 37.75
CO-107 N-106 N-105 49.89 1.05 X 1.05 1.36 27.50 27.17 24.97 24.87 58.80 500.00
CO-108 N-107 N-108 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 29.24 28.40 28.64 27.80 37.80 59.30
CO-109 N-109 N-110 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 26.63 26.30 26.03 25.70 21.80 150.29
CO-110 N-111 N-107 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 30.96 29.24 30.36 28.64 28.20 28.99
CO-111 N-104 N-112 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 29.51 28.52 28.91 27.92 39.50 50.52
CO-112 N-113 N-82 50.00 1.2 X 1.2 0.00 7.84 7.68 6.64 6.48 53.00 312.03
CO-113 N-81 N-114 50.00 1.2 X 1.2 0.03 7.57 7.54 6.37 6.27 73.40 500.00
CO-114 N-116 N-115 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.45 27.41 24.74 26.02 24.02 14.30 25.00
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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-115 N-64 N-117 50.00 0.9 X 0.75 1.13 27.24 26.86 25.22 25.12 79.30 500.00
CO-116 N-118 N-21 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.23 23.99 23.94 23.24 22.74 29.70 99.42
CO-117 N-17 N-343 33.46 1.2 X 1.2 0.11 23.43 23.56 22.22 22.15 65.10 500.00
CO-118 N-120 N-119 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.71 27.58 25.28 26.12 24.12 14.60 25.00
CO-119 N-121 N-22 50.00 0.9 X 0.75 0.17 24.27 24.23 23.48 23.18 54.00 166.31
CO-120 N-110 N-123 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 26.30 25.82 25.70 25.22 27.70 103.45
CO-121 N-101 N-124 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.97 25.68 25.37 25.08 39.20 169.90
CO-122 N-126 N-125 50.00 0.9 X 0.9 0.07 8.23 8.13 7.33 7.08 52.00 202.52
CO-123 N-125 N-127 50.00 1.05 X 1.05 0.00 8.13 8.04 7.08 6.98 60.90 500.00
CO-124 N-129 N-128 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.77 41.85 40.93 40.02 38.02 5.50 25.00
CO-125 N-130 N-126 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.08 8.37 8.23 7.62 7.33 52.20 170.41
CO-126 N-99 N-343 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.77 25.48 23.56 24.15 22.15 21.80 25.00
CO-127 N-131 N-79 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.00 24.65 24.40 23.90 23.65 72.50 196.47
CO-128 N-133 N-132 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.25 41.27 40.67 40.12 38.12 5.30 25.00
CO-129 N-102 N-134 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.00 9.18 7.27 8.43 6.52 63.30 26.18
CO-130 N-84 N-135 50.00 1.5 X 1.2 0.23 1.85 1.78 0.49 0.28 79.60 236.47
CO-131 N-136 N-121 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.02 24.35 24.27 23.60 23.48 80.00 404.78
CO-132 N-117 N-137 50.00 0.9 X 0.9 0.74 26.86 26.57 25.12 25.02 66.80 500.00
CO-133 N-139 N-118 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.08 24.32 23.99 23.72 23.24 46.90 105.34
CO-134 N-119 N-140 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.28 25.28 22.72 24.12 22.12 15.80 25.00
CO-135 N-115 N-141 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.06 24.74 22.62 24.02 22.02 15.30 25.00
CO-136 N-90 N-111 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 32.77 30.96 32.17 30.36 26.80 27.62
CO-137 N-144 N-143 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 32.88 31.04 32.28 30.44 18.60 27.12
CO-138 N-2 N-145 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 24.99 24.64 24.39 24.04 70.60 143.59
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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-139 N-8 N-146 50.00 1.05 X 1.05 0.11 3.15 2.85 1.90 1.77 80.00 371.98
CO-140 N-147 N-97 50.00 0.9 X 0.9 0.02 5.48 5.43 4.58 4.48 76.10 500.00
CO-141 N-80 N-68 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.30 15.31 13.34 14.43 12.43 56.40 25.00
CO-142 N-149 N-148 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.01 24.66 24.41 24.06 45.20 145.12
CO-143 N-150 N-151 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 19.74 19.00 19.09 18.40 7.50 72.32
CO-144 N-152 N-153 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 19.74 19.01 19.09 18.41 7.50 73.89
CO-145 N-89 N-103 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 32.44 30.84 31.84 30.24 26.20 31.15
CO-146 N-154 N-155 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.66 36.67 34.16 34.15 32.15 14.30 25.00
CO-147 N-156 N-92 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 5.48 5.23 4.88 4.63 67.00 201.96
CO-148 N-153 N-157 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 19.01 18.09 18.41 17.49 9.30 54.08
CO-149 N-158 N-159 50.67 0.6 X 0.6 1.60 36.67 34.17 34.23 32.21 11.80 25.00
CO-150 N-151 N-160 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 19.00 18.06 18.40 17.46 9.30 53.36
CO-151 N-96 N-51 50.00 0.9 X 0.9 0.00 5.08 4.44 4.18 3.54 38.00 78.21
CO-152 N-114 N-161 50.00 1.2 X 1.2 0.03 7.54 6.84 6.27 5.64 37.70 79.29
CO-153 N-91 N-162 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 4.86 4.40 4.26 3.80 61.40 108.70
CO-154 N-163 N-120 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.91 29.69 27.58 28.12 26.12 13.40 25.00
CO-155 N-159 N-164 50.02 0.6 X 0.6 1.14 34.17 31.72 32.21 30.21 13.40 25.00
CO-156 N-155 N-165 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.15 34.16 31.66 32.15 30.15 16.20 25.00
CO-157 N-166 N-2 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.33 24.99 24.73 24.39 58.30 143.92
CO-158 N-167 N-149 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.35 25.01 24.75 24.41 40.40 144.60
CO-159 N-170 N-169 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 31.45 30.53 30.85 29.93 19.40 54.23
CO-160 N-171 N-172 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 27.59 26.78 26.99 26.18 49.80 61.74
CO-161 N-173 N-174 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 27.61 26.79 27.01 26.19 51.50 61.62
CO-162 N-175 N-116 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.05 29.93 27.41 28.02 26.02 13.10 25.00
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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-163 N-148 N-139 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 24.66 24.32 24.06 23.72 49.30 144.39
CO-164 N-176 N-177 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.17 24.54 24.57 23.94 65.20 79.63
CO-165 N-123 N-167 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.82 25.35 25.22 24.75 32.20 108.37
CO-166 N-178 N-131 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 25.18 24.65 24.58 24.00 76.10 85.99
CO-167 N-180 N-179 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 30.69 28.84 30.09 28.24 32.90 26.95
CO-168 N-182 N-181 50.00 1.05 X 1.05 0.75 26.67 26.37 24.77 24.67 61.20 500.00
CO-169 N-183 N-75 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.08 27.40 26.49 26.80 25.74 46.10 47.00
CO-170 N-185 N-184 69.53 0.75 x 0.75 3.80 27.28 27.15 24.06 21.28 37.20 25.00
CO-171 N-145 N-136 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.08 24.64 24.35 24.04 23.60 76.20 114.50
CO-172 N-112 N-173 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 28.52 27.61 27.92 27.01 41.90 54.43
CO-173 N-124 N-166 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.68 25.33 25.08 24.73 48.20 144.30
CO-174 N-134 N-186 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.08 7.27 5.90 6.52 5.00 69.50 32.87
CO-175 N-187 N-48 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 30.52 29.60 29.92 29.00 14.10 54.03
CO-176 N-188 O-9 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.07 4.11 4.05 3.36 3.16 80.00 241.65
CO-177 N-189 N-188 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.00 4.66 4.11 3.91 3.36 53.80 91.58
CO-178 N-108 N-171 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 28.40 27.59 27.80 26.99 46.70 61.67
CO-179 N-190 N-191 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 32.75 31.69 32.15 31.09 35.30 46.99
CO-180 N-143 N-192 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 31.04 29.18 30.44 28.58 19.90 26.95
CO-181 N-193 N-53 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 9.89 8.92 9.29 8.32 34.40 51.56
CO-182 N-184 O-5 43.13 0.75 x 0.75 5.95 27.15 27.07 21.28 19.55 59.40 25.00
CO-183 N-197 N-196 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 2.54 37.40 34.92 34.02 32.02 8.90 25.00
CO-184 N-199 N-198 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 29.16 27.63 28.56 27.03 72.30 32.84
CO-185 N-200 N-57 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 10.06 9.09 9.46 8.49 40.50 51.56
CO-186 N-202 N-201 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 5.95 5.80 5.35 5.20 53.90 320.14
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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-187 N-203 N-95 50.00 1.05 X 1.05 0.07 2.35 2.15 1.30 0.95 63.10 142.86
CO-188 N-205 N-204 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 6.20 5.95 5.60 5.35 20.70 198.79
CO-189 N-206 N-202 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 6.21 5.95 5.61 5.35 44.90 193.31
CO-190 N-208 N-207 52.39 0.9 X 0.75 1.25 26.99 27.47 25.28 25.18 71.80 500.00
CO-191 N-210 N-209 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 20.02 18.76 19.42 18.16 21.70 39.73
CO-192 N-179 N-211 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 28.84 27.14 28.24 26.54 35.40 29.37
CO-193 N-160 N-212 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 18.06 17.13 17.46 16.53 11.30 53.71
CO-194 N-213 N-113 50.00 1.2 X 1.2 0.00 7.94 7.84 6.74 6.64 61.30 500.00
CO-195 N-41 N-214 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.02 23.68 21.66 23.05 21.05 33.20 25.00
CO-196 N-216 N-215 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 14.87 14.76 14.27 14.16 61.30 470.86
CO-197 N-217 N-218 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.01 21.97 19.95 21.35 19.35 46.60 25.00
CO-198 N-219 N-216 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 14.98 14.87 14.38 14.27 57.50 451.38
CO-199 N-393 N-220 36.01 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 3.80 3.50 3.20 2.90 6.30 120.20
CO-200 N-221 N-389 11.88 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 3.94 3.82 3.34 3.22 68.20 103.16
CO-201 N-222 N-144 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 34.62 32.88 34.02 32.28 12.60 28.72
CO-202 N-224 N-223 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 15.63 15.24 15.03 14.64 33.00 129.65
CO-203 N-225 N-47 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.28 15.36 15.68 14.76 28.40 53.93
CO-204 N-226 N-163 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.21 32.18 29.69 30.12 28.12 12.10 25.00
CO-205 N-227 N-228 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 19.65 17.93 19.05 17.33 46.30 29.10
CO-206 N-142 N-229 49.97 0.6 X 0.6 1.07 41.35 40.45 40.23 38.23 7.10 25.00
CO-207 N-231 N-230 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.18 19.87 19.49 18.97 18.83 12.00 367.03
CO-208 N-204 N-232 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.07 5.95 5.79 5.35 5.04 26.80 163.30
CO-209 N-234 N-233 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 15.63 15.24 15.03 14.64 33.00 129.65
CO-210 N-235 N-189 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.00 4.88 4.66 4.13 3.91 75.20 224.21
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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-211 N-236 N-152 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 20.04 19.74 19.44 19.09 5.20 142.31
CO-212 N-237 N-43 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.23 15.39 15.63 14.79 15.30 59.54
CO-213 N-238 N-239 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.08 5.93 5.15 5.33 4.40 66.40 53.36
CO-214 N-240 N-98 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.37 29.16 27.08 28.15 26.15 19.50 25.00
CO-215 N-242 N-241 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.56 17.17 16.96 16.57 23.70 129.61
CO-216 N-243 N-242 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.94 17.56 17.34 16.96 21.40 129.61
CO-217 N-244 N-245 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.93 40.45 38.91 38.15 36.15 10.20 25.00
CO-218 N-246 N-225 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.54 16.28 16.94 15.68 24.60 39.73
CO-219 N-220 N-247 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 3.50 3.24 2.90 2.64 17.50 187.00
CO-220 N-249 N-248 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.56 17.17 16.96 16.57 23.70 129.61
CO-221 N-172 N-250 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 26.78 25.97 26.18 25.37 52.80 61.68
CO-222 N-252 N-251 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 2.50 39.27 37.16 36.12 34.12 7.60 25.00
CO-223 N-253 N-197 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 2.80 39.44 37.40 36.02 34.02 7.30 25.00
CO-224 N-254 N-187 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 31.45 30.52 30.85 29.92 12.20 53.83
CO-225 N-256 N-255 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.50 16.24 16.90 15.64 24.00 39.73
CO-226 N-218 N-66 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 19.95 18.18 19.35 17.58 49.50 28.20
CO-227 N-257 N-178 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.98 25.18 25.38 24.58 65.80 62.38
CO-228 N-258 N-71 50.00 1.2 X 1.2 0.05 4.85 3.79 3.54 2.59 38.00 52.68
CO-229 N-137 N-259 50.00 0.9 X 0.9 0.59 26.57 26.35 25.02 24.92 67.50 500.00
CO-230 N-260 N-237 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.16 16.23 16.56 15.63 13.20 53.71
CO-231 N-207 N-261 52.40 0.9 X 0.9 1.54 27.47 27.67 25.18 25.07 69.30 500.00
CO-232 N-263 N-262 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 12.16 11.03 11.56 10.43 30.70 44.39
CO-233 N-194 N-185 82.94 0.6 X 0.6 1.40 28.15 27.28 27.37 24.06 44.90 25.00
CO-234 N-23 N-264 50.17 0.6 X 0.6 0.27 26.49 26.39 25.69 25.45 2.10 209.03
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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-235 N-265 N-93 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.21 29.23 26.81 28.21 26.21 17.50 25.00
CO-236 N-251 N-266 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 2.20 37.16 34.67 34.12 32.12 9.30 25.00
CO-237 N-267 N-254 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 32.38 31.45 31.78 30.85 4.60 53.92
CO-238 N-186 N-268 50.00 0.9 X 0.9 0.08 5.90 5.13 5.00 4.08 64.30 54.43
CO-239 N-270 N-269 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 21.32 20.06 20.72 19.46 21.00 39.73
CO-240 N-140 N-270 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 22.72 21.32 22.12 20.72 18.90 35.63
CO-241 N-135 N-271 50.00 1.5 X 1.5 0.00 1.78 1.65 0.28 0.15 77.00 384.62
CO-242 N-273 N-272 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 18.71 18.33 18.11 17.73 17.00 129.61
CO-243 N-250 N-176 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 25.97 25.17 25.37 24.57 56.50 62.52
CO-244 N-157 N-260 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 18.09 17.16 17.49 16.56 11.30 53.71
CO-245 N-239 N-235 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.00 5.15 4.88 4.40 4.13 69.40 188.86
CO-246 N-275 N-274 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 11.94 10.86 11.34 10.26 31.10 46.40
CO-247 N-276 N-208 50.01 0.75 x 0.75 0.58 26.34 26.99 25.38 25.28 79.60 500.00
CO-248 N-277 N-175 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.56 32.43 29.93 30.02 28.02 11.80 25.00
CO-249 N-181 N-278 50.00 1.05 X 1.05 0.66 26.37 26.30 24.67 24.57 67.30 496.07
CO-250 N-279 N-210 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 21.28 20.02 20.68 19.42 20.40 39.73
CO-251 N-196 N-277 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 2.05 34.92 32.43 32.02 30.02 10.40 25.00
CO-252 N-280 N-246 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 18.80 17.54 18.20 16.94 23.30 39.73
CO-253 N-72 N-281 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 14.25 13.24 13.65 12.64 29.80 49.76
CO-254 N-223 N-282 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 15.24 14.98 14.64 14.38 39.80 189.27
CO-255 N-241 N-283 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.17 16.78 16.57 16.18 25.70 129.61
CO-256 N-284 N-276 52.70 0.75 x 0.75 0.10 26.24 26.34 25.49 25.38 69.70 500.00
CO-257 N-255 N-45 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.24 15.34 15.64 14.74 28.10 55.44
CO-258 N-245 N-154 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 2.04 38.91 36.67 36.15 34.15 12.30 25.00
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 PETROCHEMICAL PARK AT AMBALAMUGHAL, KOCHI REVISED FINAL DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-259 N-127 N-213 50.00 1.05 X 1.05 0.08 8.04 7.94 6.98 6.74 51.10 203.70
CO-260 N-146 N-203 50.00 1.05 X 1.05 0.02 2.85 2.35 1.77 1.30 49.80 107.07
CO-261 N-229 N-285 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.85 40.45 38.91 38.23 36.23 8.90 25.00
CO-262 N-262 N-200 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 11.03 10.06 10.43 9.46 39.60 51.54
CO-263 N-286 N-234 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.01 15.63 15.41 15.03 31.20 129.61
CO-264 N-209 N-256 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 18.76 17.50 18.16 16.90 22.80 39.73
CO-265 N-287 N-263 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 13.46 12.16 12.86 11.56 28.20 38.31
CO-266 N-288 N-286 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.40 16.01 15.80 15.41 29.40 129.61
CO-267 N-192 N-183 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 29.18 27.40 28.58 26.80 37.10 28.04
CO-268 N-214 N-227 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.01 21.66 19.65 21.05 19.05 34.10 25.00
CO-269 N-128 N-253 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 2.57 40.93 39.44 38.02 36.02 5.50 25.00
CO-270 N-211 N-284 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.08 27.14 26.24 26.54 25.49 44.00 47.83
CO-271 N-282 N-289 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 14.98 14.87 14.38 14.27 57.50 451.38
CO-272 N-212 N-290 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.13 16.20 16.53 15.60 13.20 53.71
CO-273 N-274 N-193 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 10.86 9.89 10.26 9.29 33.40 51.56
CO-274 N-105 N-182 50.05 1.05 X 1.05 1.05 27.17 26.67 24.87 24.77 59.80 500.00
CO-275 N-77 N-287 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.05 14.66 13.46 13.96 12.86 28.90 45.42
CO-276 N-271 N-56 50.00 2 X 1.5 -0.02 1.65 1.50 0.15 0.05 63.00 500.00
CO-277 N-40 N-291 49.28 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 27.89 26.01 27.29 25.35 27.60 25.48
CO-278 N-215 N-73 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 14.76 14.65 14.16 14.05 63.80 470.87
CO-279 N-55 N-292 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 35.81 34.35 35.21 33.75 30.10 34.08
CO-280 N-261 N-106 51.94 0.9 X 0.9 1.66 27.67 27.50 25.07 24.97 79.60 500.00
CO-281 N-326 N-199 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 29.92 29.16 29.32 28.56 49.50 65.26
CO-282 N-141 N-279 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 22.62 21.28 22.02 20.68 18.60 37.25
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Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-283 N-293 N-147 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.08 5.64 5.48 4.89 4.58 46.60 164.33
CO-284 N-165 N-240 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.66 31.66 29.16 30.15 28.15 17.80 25.00
CO-285 N-132 N-252 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 2.25 40.67 39.27 38.12 36.12 5.30 25.00
CO-286 N-294 N-180 50.01 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 32.56 30.69 31.96 30.09 31.60 26.79
CO-287 N-296 N-295 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 19.10 18.72 18.50 18.12 14.50 129.61
CO-288 N-297 N-217 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 23.99 21.97 23.35 21.35 44.70 25.00
CO-289 N-87 N-298 52.54 0.6 X 0.6 4.19 29.12 27.74 24.69 22.59 50.90 25.00
CO-290 N-394 N-205 44.77 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 6.77 6.20 6.17 5.60 5.90 77.91
CO-291 N-201 N-299 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 5.80 5.64 5.20 5.04 53.60 320.14
CO-292 N-162 N-221 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 4.40 3.94 3.80 3.34 67.40 107.12
CO-293 N-232 N-293 50.00 0.75 x 0.75 0.00 5.79 5.64 5.04 4.89 56.30 320.14
CO-294 N-283 N-288 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.78 16.40 16.18 15.80 27.50 129.61
CO-295 N-291 N-297 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.05 26.01 23.99 25.35 23.35 39.60 25.00
CO-296 N-285 N-158 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.96 38.91 36.67 36.23 34.23 10.30 25.00
CO-297 N-300 N-150 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 20.04 19.74 19.44 19.09 5.20 142.31
CO-298 N-302 N-301 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.79 16.40 16.19 15.80 27.50 129.61
CO-299 N-301 N-303 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.40 16.02 15.80 15.42 29.40 129.61
CO-300 N-266 N-226 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.70 34.67 32.18 32.12 30.12 10.80 25.00
CO-301 N-174 N-257 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 26.79 25.98 26.19 25.38 58.70 61.68
CO-302 N-164 N-265 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.67 31.72 29.23 30.21 28.21 15.30 25.00
CO-303 N-268 N-304 50.00 1.05 X 1.05 0.07 5.13 4.88 4.08 3.68 64.50 123.27
CO-304 N-290 N-42 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.20 15.37 15.60 14.77 15.40 60.36
CO-305 N-306 N-305 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.15 20.05 19.87 19.45 18.97 4.00 104.94
CO-306 N-259 N-168 50.00 0.9 X 0.9 0.54 26.35 26.30 24.92 24.85 78.20 679.54
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Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-307 N-281 N-275 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 13.24 11.94 12.64 11.34 28.20 38.28
CO-308 N-248 N-302 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.17 16.79 16.57 16.19 25.70 129.61
CO-309 N-307 N-231 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.15 20.05 19.87 19.45 18.97 4.00 104.94
CO-310 N-138 N-244 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 1.11 41.28 40.45 40.15 38.15 7.80 25.00
CO-311 N-272 N-243 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 18.33 17.94 17.73 17.34 19.30 129.61
CO-312 N-198 N-308 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 27.63 25.99 27.03 25.39 70.20 30.42
CO-313 N-395 N-206 43.33 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 6.78 6.21 6.18 5.61 5.80 76.65
CO-314 N-299 N-156 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 5.64 5.48 5.04 4.88 78.30 314.18
CO-315 N-309 N-273 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 19.10 18.71 18.50 18.11 14.50 129.61
CO-316 N-295 N-310 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 18.72 18.33 18.12 17.73 17.00 129.61
CO-317 N-311 N-296 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 19.49 19.10 18.84 18.50 12.20 149.82
CO-318 N-304 N-258 50.00 1.2 X 1.2 0.05 4.88 4.85 3.68 3.54 80.00 375.82
CO-319 N-269 N-280 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 20.06 18.80 19.46 18.20 22.30 39.73
CO-320 N-312 N-249 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.94 17.56 17.34 16.96 21.40 129.61
CO-321 N-303 N-224 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 16.02 15.63 15.42 15.03 31.20 129.61
CO-322 N-233 N-219 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 15.24 14.98 14.64 14.38 39.80 189.27
CO-323 N-305 N-311 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.18 19.87 19.49 18.97 18.84 12.00 367.03
CO-324 N-310 N-312 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 18.33 17.94 17.73 17.34 19.30 129.61
CO-325 N-313 N-78 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.11 14.76 14.89 14.16 14.06 65.30 500.00
CO-326 N-230 N-309 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.03 19.49 19.10 18.83 18.50 12.20 149.82
CO-327 N-289 N-313 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 14.87 14.76 14.27 14.16 61.30 470.87
CO-328 N-314 N-315 50.01 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 15.20 13.36 14.60 12.76 47.20 27.20
CO-329 N-58 N-190 50.39 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 34.43 32.75 33.83 32.15 24.40 30.05
CO-330 N-316 N-170 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 32.38 31.45 31.78 30.85 5.90 54.15
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Elevation Elevation
Length Cover Invert Invert Depth Slope
Start Stop Ground Ground
Label (Scaled) Size (Display) (Average) (Start) (Stop) (Normal) / (Calculated)
Node Node (Start) (Stop)
(m) (m) (m) (m) Rise (%) (1/S)
(m) (m)

CO-331 N-292 N-294 50.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 34.35 32.56 33.75 31.96 29.90 28.00
CO-332 N-315 N-317 50.19 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 13.36 11.50 12.76 10.90 47.80 26.95
CO-333 N-318 N-86 50.37 0.6 X 0.6 2.43 31.03 30.38 28.68 26.66 42.10 25.00
CO-334 N-46 N-222 50.03 0.6 X 0.6 0.06 36.03 34.62 35.32 34.02 13.70 38.66
CO-335 N-317 N-319 50.32 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 11.50 9.54 10.90 8.93 47.70 25.54
CO-336 N-320 N-238 50.21 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 7.44 5.93 6.84 5.33 54.60 33.38
CO-337 N-169 N-49 50.58 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 30.53 29.60 29.93 29.00 21.00 54.03
CO-338 N-298 N-184 32.86 0.6 X 0.6 4.91 27.74 27.15 22.59 21.28 54.50 25.00
CO-339 N-319 N-320 52.35 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 9.54 7.44 8.93 6.84 48.10 25.00
CO-340 N-321 N-7 65.00 0.6 X 0.6 0.29 3.26 3.09 2.66 1.91 15.80 87.32
CO-341 N-247 N-18 59.36 0.6 X 0.6 0.25 3.24 3.09 2.64 1.99 15.30 91.42
CO-342 N-34 N-95 63.27 0.9 X 0.9 0.23 3.92 2.15 2.86 0.95 39.20 33.08
CO-343 N-392 N-321 81.33 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 3.66 3.26 3.06 2.66 21.20 202.75
CO-344 N-228 N-314 79.87 0.6 X 0.6 0.00 17.93 15.20 17.33 14.60 48.70 29.29
CO-345 N-308 N-26 66.51 0.6 X 0.6 0.16 25.99 24.10 25.39 23.19 79.70 30.22
CO-346 N-322 N-29 75.48 0.6 X 0.6 0.02 27.91 24.97 27.31 24.33 18.10 25.33
CO-347 N-191 N-318 92.23 0.6 X 0.6 0.87 31.69 31.03 31.09 28.68 45.20 38.29
CO-348 N-323 N-25 94.91 0.6 X 0.6 0.38 25.57 23.82 24.22 23.22 15.00 94.66

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Figure 7-7: Storm Water Network Drawing - 1

Figure 7-8: Storm Water Network Drawing - 2

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7.6. Water Supply System

7.6.1. Introduction
This sub-head summarises the concepts, detailed design and estimated numbers for the proposed
Water supply system, designed to supply adequate quantity and quality of water at desired locations,
in an economical and sustainable manner.
Wastewater generated from the development will be treated to the desired level and supplied for
non-potable purposes through a separate distribution system. Part of the non-potable water demand
of site area shall be met by re-cycled water generated from CETP and the rest of the demand shall be
met by supplying potable water through existing water locations. Recycling of waste water will reduce
fresh water demand of the development, considerably.

7.6.2. Water Demand

Water supply demand is estimated based on the proposed land use, built‐up area and the population
densities proposed in the master plan. The estimated water demand is segregated into potable and
non-potable water demand. It was assessed that 50% of the demand of the process industries shall be
met by recycled water; the remaining 50% of the demand will be met from KINFRA clear water supply
scheme.
The wastewater generated from the development shall be treated and reused for non-potable
purposes. The total non‐potable water demand includes 50% of the processing water, flushing of
toilets, horticulture and district cooling shall be met from the recycled wastewater.
It is assumed that the potable water source is reliable and the required treated water will be supplied
to the premise of the Industrial Park.
Refer to the following table for the total potable and non-potable water demand in process area and
non-process areas.
Table 7-24 :Water Demand Assumptions for Petro chemical park
Area
Land use Plots
Acres Sq. m Assumptions
Ancillary 1.Potable water requirement for working 45 lpcd & 15
A-1 1.45 5876.9 lpcd for visitors,
A-2 2.19 2.Processing water 10KL/Acre,
8882.7
3.Horticulture demand @ 4 ltr./sqm of 40% of open
Sub-Total area
3.65 14759.60
(Ancillary) 4.10ltr Water for HVAC cooling with 20% of BUA
Intermediate 1.Potable water requirement for working 45 lpcd & 15
Chemicals lpcd for visitors,
IC-1 0.88 3560.7 2. Processing water 60KL/Acre,
IC-2 2.00 8086.1 3. Effluent @ 45% of Process Water
IC-3 0.93 4.Horticulture demand @ 4 ltr./sqm of 40% of open
3774.2
area
IC-4 1.94 7869.6 5.10ltr Water for HVAC cooling with 20% of BUA
IC-5 1.89 7657.1
IC-6 2.06 8333.1
IC-7 4.22 17086.0
IC-8 2.57 10417.3
IC-9 2.13 8601.3
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Area
Land use Plots
Acres Sq. m Assumptions
IC-10 1.97 7975.5
IC-11 2.15 8710.3
IC-12 2.14 8673.8
IC-13 3.25 13134.9
IC-14 17.07 69074.7
IC-15 9.29 37585.1
IC-16 8.07 32648.1
IC-17 4.17 16868.1
IC-18 3.15 12750.6
IC-19 6.30 25489.0
IC-20 4.82 19507.5
IC-21 4.80 19425.8
Sub-Total
(Intermediate 85.80 347228.68
Chemicals)
Specialty 1.Potable water requirement for working 45 lpcd & 15
Chemical lpcd for visitors,
SC-1 1.47 5943.8 2.Processing water 75KL/Acre,
SC-2 1.93 7810.9 3. Effluent @ 45% of Process Water
4.Horticulture demand @ 4 ltr./sqm of 40% of open
SC-3 1.16 4699.0
area
SC-4 1.25 5062.0 5.10ltr Water for HVAC cooling with 20% of BUA
SC-5 2.86 11581.3
SC-6 1.22 4942.2
SC-7 1.19 4802.0
SC-8 4.80 19426.2
SC-9 1.52 6161.9
SC-10 1.01 4090.6
SC-11 0.93 3775.6
SC-12 1.13 4555.7
SC-13 1.11 4498.9
SC-14 1.21 4896.6
SC-15 1.31 5307.0
SC-16 1.41 5710.8
SC-17 1.19 4797.7
SC-18 3.18 12887.3
SC-19 1.25 5070.3
SC-20 1.40 5663.2
SC-21 1.10 4468.8
SC-22 0.63 2543.3
Sub-Total
(Specialty 34.27 138695.01
Chemical)

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Area
Land use Plots
Acres Sq. m Assumptions
End Products 1.Potable water requirement for working 45 lpcd & 15
(Paints/ lpcd for visitors,
Adhesives / 2. Processing water 50KL/Acre,
Inks, etc.) 3. Effluent @ 25% of Process Water
EP-1 0.94 3801.7 4.Horticulture demand @ 4 ltr./sqm of 40% of open
EP-2 0.99 4004.3 area
EP-3 0.95 5.10ltr Water for HVAC cooling with 20% of BUA
3857.2
EP-4 0.94 3815.0
EP-5 0.95 3845.8
EP-6 3.11 12589.0
EP-7 3.47 14062.5
EP-8 2.87 11600.0
EP-9 2.41 9754.0
EP-10 2.21 8952.2
EP-11 2.57 10394.5
Sub-Total (End
Products
(Paints/ 21.42 86676.26
Adhesives /
Inks, etc.)
End Products 1.Potable water requirement for working 45 lpcd & 15
(Based on lpcd for visitors,
Polyurethane 2.Processing water 20KL/Acre,
And SAP) 3. Effluent @ 20% of Process Water
EP-12 1.13 4570.7 4.Horticulture demand @ 4 ltr./sqm of 40% of open
EP-13 1.98 8014.5 area
EP-14 1.66 5.10ltr Water for HVAC cooling with 20% of BUA
6724.9
EP-15 3.88 15691.7
EP-16 2.13 8609.9
Sub-Total (End
Products
(Based on 10.78 43611.64
Polyurethane
And SAP))
Common 1.Potable water requirement for working 45 lpcd & 15
Facilities lpcd for visitors,
Truck Terminal 2.Horticulture demand @ 4 ltr./sqm of 50% of open
4.87
and 19711.2 area
Warehouse 3.10ltr Water for HVAC cooling with 10% of BUA
Sub-Total
(Common 4.87 19711.23
Facilities)
UTILITY
Admin & Tech 1.Potable water requirement for working 45 lpcd & 15
Centre 1.37 5543 lpcd for visitors,

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Area
Land use Plots
Acres Sq. m Assumptions
2. Horticulture demand @ 4 ltr./sqm of 50% of open
Contract, R&D area
& Lab 1.96 7915 3.10ltr Water for HVAC cooling with 60% of BUA
Water Works 1.19 4805 1.Potable water requirement for working 45 lpcd & 15
ZSS 0.58 2333 lpcd for visitors,
2. Horticulture demand @ 4 ltr./sqm of 30% of open
MRSS 1.59 6424
area
Sub-Total
3.10ltr Water for HVAC cooling with 10% of BUA
(Utility) 6.68 27019.31
CETP
CETP-1 6.96 28149.1
CETP-2 3.61 14624.5
Sub-Total
(CETP) 10.57 42773.65
GREEN AREA 69.11 279685.5 Horticulture demand @ 4 ltr./sqm
ROAD 28.10 113716.92 Road washing @ 2 litres/sq.m. of ROW area
PHARMA PARK
PLOT 28.90 116961
FACT ROAD 15.34 62078.80

Table 7-25: Estimated Water Demand

Demand Calculation (KLD)
Land Potabl
Sl. Effluent
Land use parcel e Ac Process Sewag Horticul
No. Generat
No. Dema cooling Demand e ture
ion
nd
A INDUSTRIES
A.1 Ancillary
1 A-1 2.45 8.23 14.52 1.96 7.05
2 A-2 3.70 12.44 21.95 2.96 10.66
Sub-Total (Ancillary) 6.15 20.66 36.47 4.92 17.71
A.2 Intermediate Chemicals
3 IC-1 0.30 4.98 52.79 23.76 0.24 4.27
4 IC-2 0.67 11.32 119.89 53.95 0.54 9.70
5 IC-3 0.31 5.28 55.96 25.18 0.25 4.53
6 IC-4 0.66 11.02 116.68 52.50 0.53 9.44
7 IC-5 0.64 10.72 113.53 51.09 0.51 9.19
8 IC-6 0.69 11.67 123.55 55.60 0.56 10.00
9 IC-7 1.42 23.92 253.32 113.99 1.14 20.50
10 IC-8 0.87 14.58 154.45 69.50 0.70 12.50
11 IC-9 0.72 12.04 127.53 57.39 0.57 10.32
12 IC-10 0.67 11.17 118.25 53.21 0.53 9.57
13 IC-11 0.73 12.19 129.14 58.11 0.58 10.45
14 IC-12 0.72 12.14 128.60 57.87 0.58 10.41

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Demand Calculation (KLD)

Land Potabl
Sl. Effluent
Land use parcel e Ac Process Sewag Horticul
No. Generat
No. Dema cooling Demand e ture
ion
nd
15 IC-13 1.10 18.39 194.74 87.63 0.88 15.76
16 IC-14 5.76 96.70 1024.12 460.85 4.61 82.89
17 IC-15 3.13 52.62 557.25 250.76 2.51 45.10
18 IC-16 2.72 45.71 484.05 217.82 2.18 39.18
19 IC-17 1.41 23.62 250.09 112.54 1.13 20.24
20 IC-18 1.06 17.85 189.04 85.07 0.85 15.30
21 IC-19 2.13 35.68 377.91 170.06 1.70 30.59
22 IC-20 1.63 27.31 289.22 130.15 1.30 23.41
23 IC-21 1.62 27.20 288.01 129.61 1.30 23.31
Sub-Total (Intermediate
Chemicals) 28.96 486.12 5148.10 2316.65 23.17 416.67
A.3 Specialty Chemical
1 SC-1 2.48 8.32 110.15 49.57 1.98 7.13
2 SC-2 3.26 10.94 144.76 65.14 2.61 9.37
3 SC-3 1.96 6.58 87.09 39.19 1.57 5.64
4 SC-4 2.11 7.09 93.81 42.22 1.69 6.07
5 SC-5 4.83 16.21 214.63 96.59 3.86 13.90
6 SC-6 2.06 6.92 91.59 41.22 1.65 5.93
7 SC-7 2.00 6.72 88.99 40.05 1.60 5.76
8 SC-8 8.10 27.20 360.02 162.01 6.48 23.31
9 SC-9 2.57 8.63 114.20 51.39 2.06 7.39
10 SC-10 1.71 5.73 75.81 34.11 1.36 4.91
11 SC-11 1.57 5.29 69.97 31.49 1.26 4.53
12 SC-12 1.90 6.38 84.43 37.99 1.52 5.47
13 SC-13 1.88 6.30 83.38 37.52 1.50 5.40
14 SC-14 2.04 6.86 90.75 40.84 1.63 5.88
15 SC-15 2.21 7.43 98.35 44.26 1.77 6.37
16 SC-16 2.38 8.00 105.84 47.63 1.91 6.85
17 SC-17 2.00 6.72 88.91 40.01 1.60 5.76
18 SC-18 5.37 18.04 238.84 107.48 4.30 15.46
19 SC-19 2.11 7.10 93.97 42.29 1.69 6.08
20 SC-20 2.36 7.93 104.96 47.23 1.89 6.80
21 SC-21 1.86 6.26 82.82 37.27 1.49 5.36
22 SC-22 1.06 3.56 47.13 21.21 0.85 3.05
Sub-Total (Specialty
Chemical) 57.83 194.17 2570.41 1156.68 46.27 166.43
End Products (Paints/
A.4
Adhesives / Inks, etc.)
1 EP-1 1.59 5.32 46.97 11.74 1.27 4.56
2 EP-2 1.67 5.61 49.47 12.37 1.34 4.81
3 EP-3 1.61 5.40 47.66 11.91 1.29 4.63
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Demand Calculation (KLD)

Land Potabl
Sl. Effluent
Land use parcel e Ac Process Sewag Horticul
No. Generat
No. Dema cooling Demand e ture
ion
nd
4 EP-4 1.59 5.34 47.13 11.78 1.27 4.58
5 EP-5 1.60 5.38 47.52 11.88 1.28 4.61
6 EP-6 5.25 17.62 155.54 38.89 4.20 15.11
7 EP-7 5.86 19.69 173.74 43.44 4.69 16.87
8 EP-8 4.84 16.24 143.32 35.83 3.87 13.92
9 EP-9 4.07 13.66 120.51 30.13 3.25 11.70
10 EP-10 3.73 12.53 110.61 27.65 2.99 10.74
11 EP-11 4.33 14.55 128.43 32.11 3.47 12.47
Sub-Total (End Products
(Paints/ Adhesives /
Inks, etc.) 36.14 121.35 1070.90 267.73 28.91 104.01
End Products (Based on
A.4
Polyurethane And SAP)
1 EP-12 1.91 6.40 16.94 7.62 1.52 5.48
2 EP-13 5.35 11.22 29.71 13.37 4.28 9.62
3 EP-14 4.49 9.41 24.93 11.22 3.59 8.07
4 EP-15 10.47 21.97 58.16 26.17 8.38 18.83
5 EP-16 5.74 12.05 31.91 14.36 4.60 10.33
Sub-Total (End Products
(Based on Polyurethane
And SAP)) 27.95 61.06 161.65 72.74 22.36 52.33
B Common Facilities
Truck Terminal and
Warehouse 4.93 27.60 - - 3.95 23.65
Sub-Total (Common
Facilities) 4.93 27.60 3.95 23.65
C UTILITY
Admin & Tech Centre 1.39 22.17 - - 1.11 5.32
Contract, R&D & Lab 1.98 31.66 - - 1.58 7.60
Water Works 1.20 9.61 - - 0.96 5.38
ZSS 0.58 4.67 - - 0.47 2.61
MRSS 1.61 12.85 - - 1.29 7.19
Sub-Total (Utility) 6.76 80.95 5.41 28.11
D CETP
D.1 CETP-1 7.04 56.30 - - 5.63 31.53
D.2 CETP-2 3.66 29.25 - - 2.93 16.38
Sub-Total (CETP) 10.70 85.55 8.56 47.91
F GREEN AREA 559.37
G ROAD 227.43
H PHARMA PARK PLOT 78.03 163.75 1445.08 433.52 62.43 140.35
I FACT ROAD 124.16

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Demand Calculation (KLD)

Land Potabl
Sl. Effluent
Land use parcel e Ac Process Sewag Horticul
No. Generat
No. Dema cooling Demand e ture
ion
nd
J BPCL PLOT-1 (110 Acre)
K BPCL PLOT-2 (60 Acre)
TOTAL 257.47 1241.20 10432.62 4247.32 205.98 1908.15

7.6.3. Design Criteria – Fresh Water

Water supply system has been planned to minimize water intake from the external source. The
wastewater generated shall be treated to the desired standard and recycled for non-potable water
requirement. The water supply distribution system has been designed on the guidelines stipulated in
the manual of Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO). Following
parameters are used in design of the water supply system.

7.6.3.1. Pressure Requirement

Water supply distribution system is designed to provide a minimum residual pressure of 17m, with an
exception in some locations where the elevations are very high. There are several nodes in the system
with pressure less than 12m. However, a minimum residual pressure of 17m will be achieved at these
locations by proposing the online booster pumps.
The following minimum residual pressures were recommended in the CPHEEO manual.
 For single storey buildings = 7m
 For two storied buildings = 12m
 For three storied buildings = 17m

7.6.3.2. Network Design and Methodology

The water supply distribution system has been designed using the software package Water Gems V8i.
These software packages have capabilities to design, analyze and simulate real time situations. The
input data required for the hydraulic model are, ground levels or elevation, water demand at each
node, pipe material and roughness coefficients. The length of each pipe in the network will be
automatically taken by the software from the network mapping. Hazen-William formula has been used
for the design, but, other formulae can be used depending upon the requirements. A detailed report
can be generated using this software after completion of the design.

7.6.3.3. Design Formula

There are number of methods available for the design of distribution system. Hazen-William formula
for pressure conduits and Manning’s formula for the free flow conduits have been used extensively
and the same is recommended in the CPHEEO manual under Clause: 6.2.1.
Hazen-William formula:
V = 0.849 C r0.63 S0.54
Where
r = Hydraulic radius in m
S = Slope of hydraulic gradient line
C = Hazen-Williams coefficient

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V = Velocity in m/s
Manning’s formula:
V = 1/r2/3 S1/2
Where
r = Hydraulic radius in m
S = Slope of hydraulic gradient line
 = Manning’s coefficient of roughness
V = velocity in m/s

7.6.3.4. Pipe Material

Various pipe materials are available for conveying water & wastewater through transmission or
distribution system. The pipe materials available are High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) as per IS:4984,
Ductile Iron (D.I) pipes as per IS:8329, PVC pipes as per IS:4985, Concrete pipes as per IS:458, PSC pipes
as per IS:784. Generally, HDPE/PVC pipes are cheaper for smaller diameter pipes. The C.I or D.I pipes
may be preferred considering high beam loads and crushing loads due to heavy traffic and site
conditions. Refer to the table below, for the comparison of different types of pipe materials:
Table 7-26: Comparison of Pipe Materials
Sl. Evaluation HDPE Pipes Cast Iron Pipe Ductile Iron Pipe PSC Pipe
No. Criteria (IS: 14333-2000) (IS:1536-1989) (IS:8923-2000) (IS: 784 1989)
1 Type & Light and Flexible Heavy and Rigid Flexible and 30% Heavy & Rigid
Weight pipe less weight than CI Pipe
“LA” class pipe
2 Cement Not required Not required DI pipe with Not required
mortar Sulphate resistant
lining cement or high
Alumina cement
mortar lining
3 Strength High strength, but High strength but High strength and High Strength
low impact low impact high impact and high impact
resistance resistance. resistance. resistance
4 Corrosion High corrosion High corrosion Protection required Corrosion
resistant resistant, no resistant, no for preventing resistant
protection protection is corrosion.
required. required.
5 Jointing Butt fusion Flexible rubber-push Flexible rubber-push Flexible rubber
Jointing on type joints and on type joints and push on type
flanged joints. flanged joints. . joints.
6 Life Minimum 50 Minimum 50 years More than 50 years 20-30 year
(Approxima years
te)
7 Workability Easy installation Easy installation Easy installation Easy installation
8 Protection Pipe should be Depending upon the Depending upon the Can withstand
to the pipe protected against loading conditions, loading conditions, impact load.
deflection due to pipe should be pipes should be
super imposed protected with clean protected with clear
loads and sand sand
protected with
clean sand
9 Class of PN 2.5, PN4, PN6, Class LA, A & B (10 K-7= (12 to 32 Can withstand 6
Pipes PN10 (2.5 kg/sqcm, 12 to 12.5 kg/sqcm) Kg/cm2 to 20Kg/
Available kg/sqcm, 4.0 kg/sqcm, & 16 to 25 cm2

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kg/sqcm, 6.0 kg/sqcm) depending K-9= (25 to 50

kg/sqcm, 10.0 upon the dia of kg/sqcm)
kg/sqcm) pipes.
10 Value of C 145 for New pipes 130 for New pipes. 140 for New pipes 140 for new
(100 for design) pipes
11 Cost of PE 100 - PN 8 – Class LA K-9 Pipe
supplying, Cheaper/economi Cheaper/economica Cheaper/economica -
laying and cal up to 300mm l above 300mm l above 300mm
jointing per diameter. diameter. diameter.
meter
length -
Pipe
diameter in
mm

The above comparison indicates that, HDPE and DI pipes are more suitable than other alternatives for
the pipe diameter range in the Industrial Area. Refer the table below for cost comparison of various
pipe materials for water supply.
From the above table it is clear that, HDPE pipes are cheaper up to a diameter of 300mm and then DI
pipes are cheaper for larger diameter pipes. HDPE pipes have been recommended for distribution
system upto 315 mm dia and above DI Pipes are adopted for the design.
Table 7-27: Pipe materials used for the water supply system
Class of
Component of the System Pipe Material Applicable Code
Pipe
Transmission system Ductile Iron (DI) K9
Ductile Iron (D.I.) pipes as per
Distribution system above
Ductile Iron (DI) K7 IS:8329
300mm
Distribution system upto 300mm HDPE HDPE pipes as per IS: 4984

7.6.3.5. Pipe Appurtenances

In order to run the system efficiently, to inspect and test the system, to control or stop the flow, to
clean and repair the system; a number of appurtenances or auxiliaries such as valves, gates, manholes,
insulation joints, expansion joints, anchorages etc. are proposed at suitable locations along the
transmission and distribution pipe network.

7.6.3.6. Line valves

Main line valves are provided to stop and regulate the flow of water in the course of ordinary
operation and in emergency. In larger lines isolating valves are frequently installed at intervals of 1 to
5 km. These valves are usually placed at major summits of pressure conduits.

7.6.3.7. Sluice valves

Sluice valves or gate valves are the normal type of valves used for isolating or scouring. Sluice valves
are not intended to be used for continuous throttling as erosion of the seats and body cavitations’
may occur. If small flows are required, the bypass valve is more suitable for this duty. The Indian
Standard relating to sluice valves are IS 780 for valves up to 300mm diameter and IS: 2906 for valves
from 350mm diameter to 1200mm diameter.

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7.6.3.8. Butterfly valves

Butterfly valves are used to regulate and stop the flow especially in larger size conduits. They are
sometimes cheaper than sluice valves for larger sizes and occupy less space. These would involve
slightly higher head loss than sluice valves and also are not suitable for continuous throttling.

7.6.3.9. Scour Valves

In pressure conduits, small gate-off take known as blow-off or scour valves are provided at low points
above line valves situated in the line situated on a slope such that each section of the line between
valves can be emptied and drained completely. These valves are located at the lowest point in the
section in such a way that dewatered quantity of water is properly disposed of into natural
watercourse.

7.6.3.10. Air Valves

The presence of air in water mains in service or in process of charging could be the cause of serious
troubles such as delay in filling of main, reduction in discharging capacity, risk of water hammer.
Kinetic air valves are most commonly used as air valves on pipe line. For the purpose of evacuation of
air as well as admission of air, suitable venting points are required to be established on the pipeline
and air valves provided there at. As a first priority peak, points of the alignment are points requiring
the provision of air valves. For this development 40mm to 100mm diameter air valves have been used
in the design.

7.6.3.11. Non-Return or Reflux valves

Non-return valves have comparatively limiting application in water supply installations. They are used
as controlling device to ensure unidirectional flow in pipeline. These find their application in pumping
installations to avoid water hammer effect on pipeline.

7.6.3.12. Anchorage
Anchorages are required for one or more of the following reasons:
• To resist the tendency of pipe to pull apart at bends and other points when unbalanced
pressure occurs this exceeds the resistance of their joints to their longitudinal stresses.
• When the resistance of the joints to longitudinal stresses are inadequate and the pipes have
the tendency to pull apart when pipe is laid on steep ground.

These are provided at bends, tees, and crosses to protect the pipe from unbalanced forces.

7.6.4. Water Quality Standards

The Water Quality Standards after treatment of the raw water from the existing source shall be as per
the Bureau of Indian Standards IS: 10500-1991. The following standards may suitably be adopted for
the present project.
Table 7-28: Water Quality Standards
Sl. Substance or Characteristic Requirement Permissible Limit in the
No (Desirable Limit) absence of Alternate source
Essential Characteristics
1. Color (Hazen units Max) 5 25
2. Odour Unobjectionable Unobjectionable
3. Taste Agreeable Agreeable
4. Turbidity (NTU,Max) 5 10
5. pH Value 6.5 to 8.5 No relaxation

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6. Total Hardness (as CaCo3) 300 600

mg/lit.,Max
7. Iron (as Fe) mg/lit.,Max 0.3 1.0
8. Chlorides (as Fe) mg/lit.,Max 250 1000
9. Residual, free chlorine, mg/lit.,Max 0.2 --
Desirable Characteristics
10. Dissolved Solids mg/lit.,Max 500 2000
11. Calcium (as Ca) mg/lit.,Max 75 200
12. Copper (as Cu) mg/lit.,Max 0.05 1.5
13. Manganese (as As) mg/lit.,Max 0.10 0.3
14. Sulfate (as So4) mg/lit.,Max 200 400
15. Nitrate (as No3) mg/lit.,Max 45 100
16. Fluoride (as F) mg/lit.,Max 1.9 1.5
17. Phenolic Compounds 0.001
(as C6H5OH) mg/lit.,Max
18. Mercury (as Hg) mg/lit.,Max 0.001 No relaxation
19. Cadmium (as Cd) mg/lit.,Max 0.01 No relaxation
20. Selenium (as Se) mg/lit.,Max 0.01 No relaxation
21. Arsenic (as As) mg/lit.,Max 0.05 No relaxation
22. Cyanide (as Cn) mg/lit.,Max 0.05 No relaxation
23. Lead (as Pb) mg/lit.,Max 0.05 No relaxation
24. Zinc (as Zn) mg/lit.,Max 5 15
52. Anionic detergents 0.2 1.0
(as MBAS) mg/lit.,Max
26. Chromium (as Cr6+) mg/lit.,Max 0.05 No relaxation
27. Polynuclear aromatic hydro carbons (as PAH) -- --
g/lit.,Max
28. Mineral Oil mg/lit.,Max 0.01 0.03
29. Pesticides mg/lit.,Max Absent 0.001
30. Radioactive Materials
i. Alpha emitters Bq/l,Max -- 0.1
ii. Beta emitters pci/l,Max -- 1.0
31. Alkalinity mg/lit.,Max 200 600
32. Aluminum (as Al) mg/lit.,Max 0.03 0.2
33. Boran mg/lit.,Max 1 5

7.6.5. Cost summary for Potable Water Supply

S.No Component Amount

A Portable water supply:

Proposed Raw water Pumping arrangements with Electrical works in
1 108279.00
Raw water intake
Detailed Estimate for Pumping Main 500mm dia. DI K-9 from Raw
2 70897165.00
water Intake to WTP in length - 5500m
Construction of 11 MLD capacity Rapid Gravity Filtration Plant
3 including civil, mechanical and electrical fully automation including 35521571.00
trial running etc., complete
4 Construction of GLSR Capacity of 25LL capacity 18445348.00
Proposed Clear water Pumping arrangements with Electrical works in
5 11727938.00
GLSR.
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Detailed Estimate for Pumping Main 500mm dia. DI K-9 from Clear
6 732951.00
water sump to all ELSRs in length - 100m
Construction of 2 numbers of ELSR Capacity of 13LL & 12LL capacity
7 39717300.00
Staging: 15m
8 Proposed Portable water distribution system 57536079.00
Sub Total - I 235674180.00
B GST
9 Provision towards Works Contract GST @ 12% 28280902.00
Sub Total - II 263955082.00
C Other L.S provisions
10 Unforeseen items @ 2% 5279102.00
11 PS & Contingencies- @ 1.50% 3959326.00
12 Quality Control @ 0.75% 1979663.00
13 Price Escalation @ 5% 13197754.00
14 Tender Premium @ 5% and rounding off 13197754.00
Grand Total in Rs. 301568681.00
Grand Total in Lakhs 3015.69

Table 7-29: Potable Water Out-put

Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity
Label Stop Node Material Gradient
Node (m) (mm) (m/s)
(m/km)
P-1 J-141 J-109 2,798 350 DI 1.16 3.74
P-2 J-19 J-145 31 350 DI 0.89 2.255
P-3 J-105 J-83 55 300 DI 0.99 3.307
P-4 J-145 J-114 71 300 DI 1.06 3.782
P-5 J-144 J-62 101 300 DI 0.9 2.764
P-6 J-145 J-146 17 143.4 HDPE 0.63 3.356
P-7 J-140 J-141 151 400 DI 0.89 1.952
P-8 J-123 J-147 51 350 DI 0.66 1.309
P-9 R-1 J-128 37 600 DI 1.31 2.492
P-10 J-147 J-144 125 350 DI 0.66 1.305
P-11 J-109 J-110 29 224.4 HDPE 0.68 2.299
P-12 J-147 J-148 15 66.8 HDPE 0.03 0.035
P-13 J-93 J-94 13 107 PVC 0.5 3.142
P-14 J-5 J-6 10 98.6 HDPE 0.31 1.435
P-15 J-36 J-37 6 66.8 HDPE 0.35 2.744
P-16 J-36 J-17 19 143.4 HDPE 0.41 1.554
P-17 J-17 J-69 9 98.6 HDPE 0.49 3.281
P-18 J-17 J-18 5 98.6 HDPE 0.39 2.114
P-19 J-120 J-51 24 143.4 HDPE 0.73 4.485
P-20 J-51 J-52 7 98.6 HDPE 0.44 2.668
P-21 J-110 J-120 99 224.4 HDPE 0.68 2.299
P-22 J-51 J-99 14 143.4 HDPE 0.53 2.428

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Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity
Label Stop Node Material Gradient
Node (m) (mm) (m/s)
(m/km)
P-23 J-19 J-3 12 66.8 HDPE 0.01 0.002
P-24 J-109 J-19 69 350 DI 0.89 2.256
P-25 J-114 J-32 22 143.4 HDPE 0.63 3.406
P-26 J-32 J-33 14 66.8 HDPE 0.04 0.042
P-27 J-32 J-86 15 143.4 HDPE 0.62 3.327
P-28 J-112 J-113 21 98.6 HDPE 0.01 0.001
P-29 J-138 J-112 57 179.4 HDPE 0.78 3.934
P-30 J-112 J-66 46 179.4 HDPE 0.78 3.915
P-31 J-66 J-102 15 143.4 HDPE 0.82 5.501
P-32 J-66 J-67 9 143.4 HDPE 0.41 1.524
P-33 J-126 J-73 26 224.4 HDPE 0.65 2.123
P-34 J-73 J-118 23 179.4 HDPE 0.67 2.921
P-35 J-73 J-74 10 143.4 HDPE 0.54 2.558
P-36 J-126 J-137 63 179.4 HDPE 0.77 3.793
P-37 J-75 J-76 10 66.8 HDPE 0.29 1.978
P-38 J-60 J-61 8 66.8 HDPE 0.19 0.885
P-39 J-135 J-64 41 155.7 PVC 0.37 1.154
P-40 J-93 J-27 100 300 DI 0.73 1.865
P-41 J-64 J-107 19 155.7 PVC 0.36 1.081
P-42 J-64 J-65 8 72.8 PVC 0.06 0.092
P-43 J-27 J-130 30 107 PVC 0.44 2.476
P-44 J-27 J-121 30 224.4 HDPE 1.08 5.494
P-45 J-27 J-28 8 107 PVC 0.5 3.112
P-46 J-83 J-134 36 107 PVC 0.57 3.994
P-47 J-83 J-84 10 107 PVC 0.51 3.262
P-48 J-83 J-131 45 300 DI 0.85 2.504
P-49 J-54 J-97 32 107 PVC 0.45 2.544
P-50 J-54 J-55 14 107 PVC 0.46 2.667
P-51 J-97 J-98 14 66.8 HDPE 0.02 0.014
P-52 J-140 J-54 120 224.4 HDPE 0.79 3.052
P-53 J-97 J-108 20 107 PVC 0.44 2.463
P-54 J-54 J-20 75 194.7 PVC 0.77 3.473
P-55 J-48 J-49 7 72.8 PVC 0.01 0.004
P-56 J-49 J-111 21 107 PVC 0.45 2.598
P-57 J-106 J-91 49 500 DI 0.81 1.247
P-58 J-49 J-91 25 107 PVC 0.46 2.653
P-59 J-58 J-59 8 155.7 PVC 0.29 0.748
P-60 J-58 J-87 24 155.7 PVC 0.32 0.895
P-61 J-87 J-119 23 107 PVC 0.47 2.737
P-62 J-87 J-88 12 107 PVC 0.22 0.668
P-63 J-95 J-127 26 72.8 PVC 0.44 3.892
P-64 J-95 J-96 13 72.8 PVC 0.41 3.365

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Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity
Label Stop Node Material Gradient
Node (m) (mm) (m/s)
(m/km)
P-65 J-58 J-95 182 450 DI 0.86 1.576
P-66 J-11 J-12 4 72.8 PVC 0.41 3.408
P-67 J-8 J-45 7 107 PVC 0.35 1.622
P-68 J-89 J-90 12 107 PVC 0.42 2.241
P-69 J-8 J-89 108 450 DI 0.77 1.297
P-70 J-13 J-14 4 107 PVC 0.36 1.678
P-71 J-46 J-47 7 107 PVC 0.33 1.472
P-72 J-81 J-101 14 107 PVC 0.3 1.21
P-73 J-124 J-103 25 155.7 PVC 0.57 2.572
P-74 J-103 J-104 17 107 PVC 0.36 1.712
P-75 J-103 J-136 44 155.7 PVC 0.4 1.331
P-76 J-116 J-133 33 107 PVC 0.35 1.623
P-77 J-116 J-117 23 155.7 PVC 0.67 3.472
P-78 J-123 J-30 25 155.7 PVC 0.34 0.972
P-79 J-30 J-70 10 107 PVC 0.34 1.557
P-80 J-30 J-31 5 107 PVC 0.37 1.792
P-81 J-116 J-123 313 350 DI 0.73 1.565
P-82 J-62 J-85 11 107 PVC 0.57 3.994
P-83 J-62 J-63 8 300 DI 0.82 2.364
P-84 J-43 J-44 6 66.8 HDPE 0.25 1.545
P-85 J-43 J-9 131 300 DI 0.76 2.016
P-86 J-79 J-80 12 155.7 PVC 0.33 0.92
P-87 J-91 J-79 45 500 DI 0.78 1.187
P-88 J-79 J-58 120 500 DI 0.75 1.099
P-89 J-77 J-78 10 72.8 PVC 0.41 3.323
P-90 J-95 J-77 86 450 DI 0.83 1.501
P-91 J-77 J-11 82 450 DI 0.82 1.465
P-92 J-131 J-132 31 107 PVC 0.48 2.907
P-93 J-131 J-93 85 300 DI 0.79 2.18
P-94 J-34 J-35 6 72.8 PVC 0.43 3.624
P-95 J-11 J-34 73 450 DI 0.81 1.43
P-96 J-7 J-40 6 72.8 PVC 0.41 3.323
P-97 J-34 J-7 59 450 DI 0.8 1.394
P-98 J-7 J-8 3 450 DI 0.79 1.36
P-99 J-71 J-72 10 107 PVC 0.39 1.956
P-100 J-89 J-71 54 450 DI 0.75 1.224
P-101 J-71 J-13 54 450 DI 0.72 1.158
P-102 J-38 J-39 6 107 PVC 0.33 1.441
P-103 J-13 J-38 51 450 DI 0.7 1.099
P-104 J-38 J-46 57 450 DI 0.69 1.046
P-105 J-56 J-57 8 107 PVC 0.28 1.043
P-106 J-46 J-56 63 450 DI 0.67 0.993

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Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity
Label Stop Node Material Gradient
Node (m) (mm) (m/s)
(m/km)
P-107 J-56 J-81 76 400 DI 0.82 1.687
P-108 J-82 J-100 14 107 PVC 0.45 2.571
P-109 J-81 J-82 10 400 DI 0.8 1.606
P-110 J-63 J-68 9 107 PVC 0.44 2.41
P-111 J-63 J-43 206 300 DI 0.77 2.078
P-112 J-9 J-10 4 66.8 HDPE 0.17 0.719
P-113 J-9 J-142 146 300 DI 0.75 1.975
P-114 J-115 J-29 33 155.7 PVC 0.69 3.666
P-115 J-20 J-50 15 107 PVC 0.5 3.067
P-116 J-20 J-21 5 194.7 PVC 0.62 2.331
P-117 J-21 J-22 16 155.7 PVC 0.28 0.703
P-118 J-21 J-115 22 155.7 PVC 0.69 3.666
P-119 J-29 J-15 7 155.7 PVC 0.69 3.666
P-120 J-15 J-16 7 155.7 PVC 0.46 1.755
P-121 J-15 J-23 24 107 PVC 0.48 2.892
P-122 J-23 J-24 5 107 PVC 0.48 2.892
P-123 J-5 J-41 37 98.6 HDPE 0.39 2.176
P-124 J-25 J-26 5 98.6 HDPE 0.22 0.749
P-125 J-41 J-42 6 66.8 HDPE 0.37 3.143
P-126 J-41 J-25 27 98.6 HDPE 0.22 0.749
P-127 J-121 J-122 25 224.4 HDPE 0.9 3.937
P-128 J-121 J-135 237 155.7 PVC 0.37 1.154
P-129 J-60 J-36 12 179.4 HDPE 0.56 2.136
P-130 J-120 J-60 145 179.4 HDPE 0.59 2.323
P-131 J-114 J-138 283 300 DI 0.92 2.888
P-132 J-138 J-126 237 300 DI 0.64 1.469
P-133 J-91 J-92 13 72.8 PVC 0.01 0.007
P-134 J-106 J-105 17 500 DI 1.08 2.166
P-135 J-128 J-106 129 600 DI 1.31 2.491
P-136 J-82 J-124 226 400 DI 0.77 1.489
P-137 J-124 J-116 212 400 DI 0.68 1.194
P-138 J-36 J-75 93 143.4 HDPE 0.4 1.436
P-139 J-75 J-5 60 143.4 HDPE 0.33 1.041
P-140 J-105 J-140 253 500 DI 0.73 1.037
P-1 J-141 J-109 2,798 350 DI 1.16 3.74
P-2 J-19 J-145 31 350 DI 0.89 2.255

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Figure 7-9: Potable Water Network – 1

Figure 7-10: Potable Water Network – 2

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7.7. Recycle Water Supply System

The proposed water supply system will have following components
 Tapping point from Existing water line.
 Decentralized distribution system adopted to ensures equalization of supply of water
throughout the area.
 Study area has been divided into two phasing zones, which are been served by the
transmission system from existing line.
 The water from existing line will be conveyed to sump and sump to OHT through transmission
pipelines for petrochemical park area. This OHT is proposed to supply water to distribution
system.
 For Industrial and Institutional area, it is proposed for intermittent water supply system to be
pumped through transmission pipeline to individual components.
 Dedicated fire water supply system is proposed through sump
 The proposed pipe materials are DI & HDPE pipe

7.7.1. Population
The land use of the Master Plan, the proposed built-up area (BUA), density of development dictates
the estimation of population in the proposed development. This is further segregated into working
population, resident population and floating population based on which the demand assessment for
all infrastructure requirements has been prepared. The demand assessment of main power receiving,
Water supply system, sewerage system etc. is arrived on the basis of the estimated population and
land use.

7.7.2. Infrastructure Demand Estimations

Each location of water works shall have six bore wells where four are operating and two are stand by.
Details are given as below. The water demand calculated for entire Petrochemical Park area by phase
wise and a combined demand summary has also been provided for overall water requirement of the
proposal project area. These demands have been derived from the case studies and Voyants past
experience of the designed and completed projects. Provision for assured water supply is vital for
achieving sustainability in site.

The potable water demand for Petrochemical Park area is estimated based on proposed land use,
built-up area, the population proposed and process water demand.
The non-potable demand comprising of horticulture demand and commercial cooling can be met from
the recycled water. The water demand for the Non-Processing Area has been calculated separately
due to variation in standards and requirements. Below figures shows the water balance sheet of
Petrochemical Park area for total area in single phase. The horticulture demand and cooling demand
will be fed through recycled water from proposed Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) for
Petrochemical Park area. For proposed project, the portion of horticulture demand and cooling
demand will be fed through recycled water from proposed CETP and additional quantity of water shall
draw from potable water.

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Figure 7-11: Water Balance Sheet

7.7.3. Distribution System

HDPE and Ductile Iron (DI) pipes are recommended for distribution system. Refer to the table below
for details of the proposed distribution system.
The total water requirement includes potable, process, additional water for the horticulture and AC
cooling demand and firewater demand is about 10.140 MLD as below.
Process water demand = 10.140 MLD

Potable water = 0.257 MLD

Fire water = 0.310 MLD

Distribution and transmission system have been efficiently managed, making unaccounted for Water
(UFW) and other water losses included.

Distribution and transmission system have been efficiently managed, making unaccounted for Water
(UFW) and other water losses included. As the development will happen in various phases, the phase
wise process and domestic water demand requirements are shown in below table.
Table 7-30: Recycle Water Output
Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity
Label Stop Node Material Gradient
Node (m) (mm) (m/s)
(m/km)
Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity Gradient
Label Node Stop Node (m) Material (mm) (m/s) (m/km)
P-1 J-134 R-3 13 DI 250 0.65 1.893
P-2 J-104 J-134 33 DI 250 0.63 1.779
P-3 J-102 J-47 165 DI 250 0.67 1.989
P-4 J-98 J-102 50 DI 250 0.63 1.791
P-5 J-81 J-98 81 DI 250 0.62 1.725
P-6 J-104 J-112 44 DI 200 0.31 0.638
P-7 J-112 J-148 243 DI 200 0.28 0.505
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Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity
Label Stop Node Material Gradient
Node (m) (mm) (m/s)
(m/km)
P-8 J-82 J-51 68 DI 200 0.63 2.277
P-9 J-81 J-82 15 DI 200 0.79 3.533
P-10 J-51 J-135 63 DI 200 0.61 2.178
P-11 J-135 J-33 165 DI 200 0.56 1.864
P-12 J-33 J-28 45 DI 200 0.54 1.719
P-13 J-28 J-56 128 DI 200 0.51 1.547
P-14 J-56 J-17 78 DI 200 0.5 1.506
P-15 J-17 J-92 72 DI 200 0.49 1.465
P-16 J-92 J-70 57 DI 200 0.49 1.423
P-17 J-70 J-83 64 DI 200 0.48 1.384
P-18 J-83 J-122 48 DI 200 0.47 1.335
P-19 J-122 J-58 56 DI 200 0.46 1.278
P-20 J-58 J-39 54 DI 200 0.45 1.226
P-21 J-39 J-13 49 DI 200 0.44 1.179
P-22 J-13 J-79 58 DI 200 0.43 1.136
P-23 J-79 J-85 66 DI 200 0.42 1.094
P-24 J-85 J-35 75 DI 200 0.41 1.059
P-25 J-41 J-104 101 DI 150 1.16 9.955
P-26 J-35 J-11 150 DI 150 0.72 4.152
P-27 J-77 J-118 64 DI 150 0.99 7.388
P-28 J-78 J-41 77 DI 150 1.15 9.804
P-29 J-77 J-78 15 DI 150 0.99 7.388
P-30 J-11 J-53 94 DI 150 0.7 3.932
P-31 J-148 J-125 239 DI 150 0.3 0.799
P-32 J-53 J-109 187 DI 150 0.64 3.367
P-33 J-21 J-81 142 DI 150 0.29 0.777
P-34 J-118 J-119 25 DI 150 0.99 7.388
P-35 J-20 J-21 8 DI 150 0.26 0.608
P-36 J-75 J-20 87 DI 150 0.26 0.609
P-37 J-109 J-22 275 DI 150 0.56 2.613
P-38 J-125 J-147 62 DI 100 0.29 1.215
P-39 J-22 J-113 160 DI 150 0.55 2.466
P-40 J-142 R-2 16 DI 300 0.58 1.227
P-41 J-141 J-142 37 DI 300 0.55 1.117
P-42 J-138 J-141 39 DI 250 0.79 2.714
P-43 J-107 J-75 21 DI 100 0.46 2.896
P-44 J-107 J-15 105 DI 100 0.46 2.895
P-45 J-47 J-138 259 DI 250 0.78 2.613
P-46 J-119 J-30 165 DI 100 2.08 47.289
P-47 J-15 J-16 6 DI 100 0.4 2.224
P-48 J-16 J-9 74 DI 100 0.27 1.112
P-49 J-118 J-144 43 DI 100 0 0

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Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity
Label Stop Node Material Gradient
Node (m) (mm) (m/s)
(m/km)
P-50 J-30 J-67 156 DI 100 1.91 40.222
P-51 J-113 J-114 24 DI 100 0.08 0.102
P-52 J-125 J-68 28 DI 100 0.38 2.024
P-53 J-119 J-100 26 DI 100 0.14 0.309
P-54 J-9 J-31 61 DI 100 0.19 0.589
P-55 J-102 J-120 45 DI 100 0.16 0.427
P-56 J-148 J-60 56 DI 100 0.44 2.691
P-57 J-113 J-127 73 DI 100 1.05 13.45
P-58 J-127 J-90 156 DI 100 1.05 13.45
P-59 J-68 J-149 68 DI 100 0.25 0.936
P-60 J-60 J-65 49 DI 100 0.29 1.254
P-61 J-67 J-7 14 DI 100 0.17 0.467
P-62 J-109 J-110 23 DI 100 0.15 0.358
P-63 J-104 J-105 19 DI 100 0.08 0.102
P-64 J-142 J-152 6 DI 100 0 0
P-65 J-31 J-32 10 DI 100 0.13 0.282
P-66 J-53 J-94 25 DI 100 0.13 0.265
P-67 J-67 J-24 35 DI 100 1.73 33.767
P-68 J-75 J-76 15 DI 100 0.12 0.224
P-69 J-90 J-96 155 DI 100 1.01 12.394
P-70 J-120 J-137 34 DI 100 0.09 0.138
P-71 J-65 J-87 16 DI 100 0.2 0.592
P-72 J-100 J-140 37 DI 100 0.04 0.03
P-73 J-7 J-8 4 DI 100 0.12 0.241
P-74 J-30 J-5 9 DI 100 0.1 0.16
P-75 J-100 J-101 19 DI 100 0.1 0.167
P-76 J-33 J-34 11 DI 100 0.1 0.16
P-77 J-113 J-126 28 DI 100 0.1 0.158
P-78 J-9 J-10 5 DI 100 0.08 0.113
P-79 J-135 J-43 35 DI 100 0.09 0.139
P-80 J-28 J-63 35 DI 100 0.09 0.139
P-81 J-94 J-106 20 DI 100 0.09 0.137
P-82 J-21 J-62 13 DI 100 0.08 0.116
P-83 J-111 J-112 24 DI 100 0.15 0.358
P-84 J-30 J-45 28 DI 100 0.08 0.107
P-85 J-24 J-25 9 DI 100 0.07 0.079
P-86 J-120 J-121 27 DI 100 0.07 0.1
P-87 J-68 J-69 14 DI 100 0.13 0.276
P-88 J-47 J-72 30 DI 100 0.6 4.7
P-89 J-72 J-73 15 DI 100 0.07 0.085
P-90 J-96 J-97 18 DI 100 0.07 0.084
P-91 J-16 J-50 12 DI 100 0.07 0.079

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Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity
Label Stop Node Material Gradient
Node (m) (mm) (m/s)
(m/km)
P-92 J-47 J-48 12 DI 100 0.07 0.081
P-93 J-102 J-103 19 DI 100 0.07 0.081
P-94 J-98 J-99 18 DI 100 0.08 0.112
P-95 J-31 J-3 24 DI 100 0.06 0.075
P-96 J-3 J-4 4 DI 100 0.06 0.075
P-97 J-63 J-88 16 DI 100 0.06 0.071
P-98 J-5 J-6 4 DI 100 0.06 0.069
P-99 J-126 J-133 31 DI 100 0.06 0.066
P-100 J-15 J-49 12 DI 100 0.06 0.069
P-101 J-43 J-44 11 DI 100 0.06 0.067
P-102 J-16 J-108 23 DI 100 0.06 0.064
P-103 J-51 J-52 13 DI 100 0.06 0.065
P-104 J-65 J-66 14 DI 100 0.1 0.164
P-105 J-7 J-74 15 DI 100 0.05 0.05
P-106 J-11 J-12 5 DI 100 0.05 0.042
P-107 J-96 J-37 29 DI 100 0.94 10.891
P-108 J-37 J-38 11 DI 100 0.05 0.039
P-109 J-90 J-91 17 DI 100 0.05 0.04
P-110 J-122 J-123 27 DI 100 0.04 0.037
P-111 J-45 J-89 17 DI 100 0.04 0.036
P-112 J-58 J-59 13 DI 100 0.04 0.032
P-113 J-1 J-2 2 DI 100 0.02 0.008
P-114 J-94 J-95 18 DI 100 0.04 0.028
P-115 J-24 J-1 26 DI 100 0.02 0.008
P-116 J-22 J-129 29 DI 100 0.04 0.03
P-117 J-83 J-84 15 DI 100 0.04 0.027
P-118 J-39 J-40 11 DI 100 0.04 0.028
P-119 J-109 J-130 29 DI 100 0.04 0.027
P-120 J-126 J-132 30 DI 100 0.04 0.026
P-121 J-5 J-19 7 DI 100 0.04 0.025
P-122 J-79 J-80 15 DI 100 0.03 0.024
P-123 J-45 J-46 11 DI 100 0.03 0.024
P-124 J-13 J-14 6 DI 100 0.03 0.024
P-125 J-92 J-93 17 DI 100 0.03 0.019
P-126 J-35 J-36 11 DI 100 0.03 0.02
P-127 J-56 J-57 13 DI 100 0.03 0.018
P-128 J-17 J-18 6 DI 100 0.03 0.018
P-129 J-28 J-29 9 DI 100 0.03 0.018
P-130 J-70 J-71 14 DI 100 0.03 0.017
P-131 J-85 J-86 16 DI 100 0.03 0.017
P-132 J-43 J-117 25 DI 100 0.03 0.017
P-133 J-63 J-64 14 DI 100 0.03 0.015

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Headloss
Start Length Diameter Velocity
Label Stop Node Material Gradient
Node (m) (mm) (m/s)
(m/km)
P-134 J-60 J-131 30 DI 100 0.15 0.361
P-135 J-41 J-42 11 DI 100 0.02 0.01
P-136 J-22 J-23 8 DI 100 0 0
P-137 J-26 J-27 32 DI 100 0 0
P-138 J-53 J-54 13 DI 100 0 0
P-139 J-20 J-55 13 DI 100 0 0
P-140 J-60 J-61 13 DI 100 0 0
P-141 J-115 J-116 30 DI 100 0 0

7.7.4. Recycled Water demand

Water Balance is achieved considering that Re-cycled water demand comprising cooling water
demand, horticulture demand will be met from the re-cycled water generated from Common Effluent
Treatment Plant (CETP). In the chapters ahead, the waste water generation from various sources has
been identified and estimated. Based on the treated water available from the CETP the recycling water
deficit shall be calculated.
Table 7-31: Recycled Water Demand
Description Demand Unit
Required Horticulture and AC cooling demand = 3.149 MLD
Available recycle water demand = 4.008 MLD

Availability of re-cycled water is estimated based on the assumption that, about 20 to 45% of the
wastewater generated from the industries.
The recycled water supply distribution system is designed as per the manual of Central Public Health
and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO).

7.7.5. Proposed Recycled Water Supply System

The source of water for non-potable demand is from the CETP. Refer to annexure of drawings for
further details of the proposed recycled water supply system.
Table 7-32: Scheme for Recycle Water network

Plots

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7.7.6. Cost summary for Recycle Water Supply

Amount Amount
S.No Component
Phase I Phase II

A Recycle water supply:

Construction of GLSR Capacity of 12LL and 11LL
1 11451136.00 10420655.00
capacity
2 Mechanical and Electrical works for GLSR 2902883.00 2883644.00
Detailed Estimate for Pumping Main from 100mm dia
3 to 300mm dia. DI K-7 from Clear water sump to all Plot 21642862.00 -
Levels in length - 7165m
Sub Total - I 35996881.00 13304299.00
B GST
4 Provision towards Works Contract GST @ 12% 4319626.00 1596516.00
Sub Total - II 40316507.00 14900815.00
C Other L.S provisions
5 Unforeseen items @ 2% 806330.00 298016.00
6 PS & Contingencies- @ 1.50% 604748.00 223512.00

7 Quality Control @ 0.75% 302374.00 111756.00

8 Price Escalation @ 5% 2015825.00 745041.00
9 Price Escalation for Phase-II-( 70% of l year escalation) 521529.00

10 Tender Premium @ 5% and rounding off 2015825.00 745041.00

Grand Total in Rs. 46061609.00 17545710.00

Total in Lakhs 460.62 175.46

Grand Total in Lakhs 636.08

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Figure 7-12: Recycled Water Network – 1

Figure 7-13: Recycled Water Network – 2

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7.8. Waste Water System

7.8.1.1. Introduction
Wastewater network is designed to minimize number of pumping/ lift stations and at the same time
to avoid deep sewers. The total length of wastewater network proposed for the petrochemical park
area is about 6.3 km. The total numbers of pump/ lift stations proposed is 2 and maximum depth of
excavation is limited to 3m. In catchment of CETP 1, ground profile is falling and again raising for about
4m due to which depth is envisage to 7m at two places.

7.8.1.2. Waste Water Generation

The quantity of wastewater generation from the petrochemical park area is calculated based on the
water demand and has been estimated to about 4.38 MLD. The sewage generations are taken as 80%
of the per capita water consumption of potable water from domestic demand and 25% to 45% from
the industrial processing demand. No waste water is expected from the horticulture and cooling water
demands. It is assumed that each industry shall treat the sewage and then discharge into the sewerage
system.

7.8.1.3. Design Approach

The collection system will be designed based on CPHEEO manual and using Sewer GEMS software.
Following various parameters will be considered for design.

7.8.1.3.1. Gravity Sewers

For design purposes, sewage flow in pipes is presumed to be steady and uniform. The sewer lines are
aligned with positive slopes as much as possible and follow the gravity flow. As a design practice, the
Manning’s equation is used to model flows in sewers, which are assumed to be open channel flows.

7.8.1.3.2. Design formula

Manning’s formula shall be adopted for the design of gravity sewers.
1 2 1
V  R 3S 2
n
Q  A V
Where,
V = velocity in m/sec in partial flow conditions
N = Manning’s roughness co-efficient
R = Hydraulic radius (m)
S = Hydraulic gradient
Q = Flow rate m3/sec
A = Cross sectional area (m2)

The values of Manning’s Roughness Coefficient (n) for various pipeline materials are given in the table
7-33.
Table 7-33 : Manning’s Coefficient

Pipe Material Roughness Coefficient, n

RCC Np3 0.011

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7.8.1.3.3. Sewer Flow Generation

The waste water generation has been considered as 80% of the per capita water consumption for
Non-processing areas (residential, institutional areas) in accordance with the CPHEEO Manual and
45% as effluent generated for processing area (industries). The zone wise sewage generation
calculations are shown in table 7-34 below.
Table 7-34 : Demand details
S.No MH UNIT Demand Peak
MLD Demand
MLD

1 MH-265 PHARMA PARK PLOT 0.496 1.488

2 MH-111 IC-14 0.465 1.395
3 MH-220 IC-15 0.253 0.759
4 MH-76 IC-16 0.22 0.66
5 MH-83 IC-19 0.172 0.516
6 MH-123 SC-8 0.168 0.504
7 MH-49 IC-21 0.131 0.393
8 MH-261 IC-20 0.131 0.393
9 MH-32 IC-7 0.115133 0.3454
10 MH-65 IC-17 0.114 0.342
11 MH-46 SC-18 0.112 0.336
12 MH-43 SC-5 0.1 0.3
13 MH-48 IC-13 0.089 0.267
14 MH-15 IC-18 0.086 0.258
15 MH-116 IC-8 0.07 0.21
16 MH-63 SC-2 0.068 0.204
17 MH-138 IC-11 0.059 0.177
18 MH-121 IC-9 0.058 0.174
19 MH-139 IC-12 0.058 0.174
20 MH-23 IC-6 0.056 0.168
21 MH-132 IC-10 0.054 0.162
22 MH-59 IC-2 0.054 0.162
23 MH-108 SC-9 0.053 0.159
24 MH-78 IC-4 0.053 0.159
25 MH-61 IC-5 0.052 0.156
26 MH-252 SC-1 0.052 0.156
27 MH-119 SC-16 0.05 0.15
28 MH-39 SC-20 0.049 0.147
29 MH-135 EP-7 0.048 0.144
30 MH-106 SC-15 0.046 0.138
31 MH-45 SC-19 0.044 0.132
32 MH-57 SC-4 0.044 0.132
33 MH-54 SC-6 0.043 0.129
34 MH-137 EP-6 0.043 0.129
35 MH-37 SC-7 0.042 0.126
36 MH-118 SC-14 0.042 0.126

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37 MH-112 SC-17 0.042 0.126

38 MH-67 SC-3 0.041 0.123
39 MH-115 SC-12 0.04 0.12
40 MH-52 EP-8 0.04 0.12
41 MH-72 SC-21 0.039 0.117
42 MH-125 SC-13 0.039 0.117
43 MH-141 EP-11 0.036 0.108
44 MH-103 EP-15 0.035 0.105
45 MH-131 SC-10 0.035 0.105
46 MH-129 SC-11 0.033 0.099
47 MH-41 EP-9 0.033 0.099
48 MH-51 EP-10 0.031 0.093
49 MH-74 IC-3 0.025 0.075
50 MH-69 IC-1 0.024 0.072
51 MH-70 SC-22 0.022 0.066
52 MH-222 EP-16 0.019 0.057
53 MH-140 EP-13 0.018 0.054
54 MH-126 EP-14 0.015 0.045
55 MH-109 EP-2 0.014 0.042
56 MH-136 EP-1 0.013 0.039
57 MH-117 EP-3 0.013 0.039
58 MH-113 EP-4 0.013 0.039
59 MH-120 EP-5 0.013 0.039
60 MH-127 EP-12 0.009 0.027
61 MH-1 CETP-1 0.006 0.018
62 MH-19 CETP-2 0.003 0.009
63 MH-255 A-2 0.003 0.009
64 MH-60 Contract, R&D & Lab 0.002 0.006
65 MH-262 Truck Terminal and Warehouse-2 0.002 0.006
66 MH-260 Truck Terminal and Warehouse-1 0.002 0.006
67 MH-256 A-1 0.002 0.006
68 MH-134 MRSS 0.001 0.003
69 MH-247 Admin & Tech Centre 0.001 0.003
70 MH-251 Water Works 0.001 0.003
1 MH-265 PHARMA PARK PLOT 0.496 1.488
Total MLD 4.455133 13.3654

7.8.1.3.4. Minimum Diameter of Pipe

In order to ensure that the sewer possesses adequate capacity for peak flow, a minimum sewer size
of 200 mm has been recommended.

7.8.1.3.5. Minimum Cover

The difference between the ground level and the crown of the sewer can be termed as cover. The
minimum cover of 1m considered in the entire network.

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7.8.1.3.6. Velocity of Flow

To maintain self-cleaning velocities in the sewers, it is usual practice to maintain a minimum velocity
of 0.6 m/sec at initial peak flow and 0.8 m/sec at design peak flow as recommended in paragraph
3.15.1 of the CPHEEO Manual. However, in sewers with small initial peak flows, typically the upper
reaches of the system, depths will be shallow and correspondingly velocities may be less than 0.6
m/sec. In these cases, a minimum velocity of 0.3 m/sec will be allowed which is sufficient to ensure
minimum self-cleaning velocity. In those cases where a 0.3 m/sec velocity cannot be maintained and
periodic sewer flushing will be required. The pipe diameter and slope shall be selected to obtain the
required velocities to minimize settling problems.

7.8.1.3.7. Erosion and Maximum Velocity

To avoid scouring and erosion of sewer pipes caused by sand and other gritty material the maximum
velocity in gravity sewers is recommended not to exceed 3.0 m/sec, as per section 3.15.3 of the
CPHEEO Manual.
d/D v/V q/Q N0/N v/V q/Q
1.0 1.000 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.000
0.9 1.124 1.066 1.07 1.056 1.020
0.8 1.140 0.968 1.14 1.003 0.890
0.7 1.120 0.838 1.18 0.952 0.712
0.6 1.072 0.671 1.21 0.890 0.557
0.5 1.000 0.500 1.24 0.810 0.405
0.4 0.902 0.337 1.27 0.713 0.266
0.3 0.776 0.196 1.28 0.605 0.153
0.2 0.615 0.088 1.27 0.486 0.070
0.1 0.401 0.021 1.22 0.329 0.017

7.8.1.3.8. Ground Water Infiltration

The CPHEEO Manual on sewerage and sewage treatment specifies rates for ground water infiltration
for sewers (clause 3.2.7). The groundwater infiltration rates are summarized in Table 7-35.
Table 7-35: Infiltration Flow Considerations
Infiltration Condition Units Minimum Maximum
Service Area Liters/hectares 5,000 50000
Pipe Length Liters/ Kilometer/ day 500 5000
Manholes Liters/each/day 250 500
Infiltration allowance of 500 litres/manhole/day is adopted in the present design.

7.8.1.3.9. Manholes
Manholes are to be provided to facilitate cleaning and inspection of sewers. Table 7-36 gives the type
and size of various manholes to be employed for different diameter of sewers and for different depths.
The selection of types of manhole shall also be based on the economic and construction factors.
Table 7-36: Manholes sizes
Types of Manholes Description Size of manholes
Circular Manholes For depth up to 1.65m 900 mm diameter
Circular Manholes For depth from 1.66m to 2.30m 1200 mm diameter
Circular Manholes For depth from 2.31m to 9.0m 1500 mm diameter
Circular Manholes For depth above 9.0m 1800 mm diameter

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7.8.1.3.10. House Connections and Sewer Connection Chambers

The basic criteria for design & installation of the service sewers are summarized below:
 The minimum diameter of the service sewer shall be 110 /160 mm
 The service sewer shall be laid up to the property line/Building, at slope not less than 1percent,
i.e. 1 in 100.

7.8.1.4. Design Parameters

Table 7-37 : Design Parameters

Sl. Description Unit Recommended Justification

parameters
No

A Waste Water Generation

1 % of WS converted in to % 80 CPHEEO manual

waste water recommended 80%
a) Non-Processing Area
(Residential &
As per the best practice
Institutions) 25 to 45%
b) Processing area
(Industries)

2 Rate of Infiltration % 500 As per the CPHEEO

liters/manhole/day manual.

3 Peak Factor 3

B Hydraulic Design

1 Hydraulic Design Manning’s formula As per CPHEEO manual.

C Minimum Sewer Diameter in mm

1 Minimum diameter mm 200 The 200mm dia is

preferable keeping in view
of velocities in initial
reaches and based on
economic considerations

D Sewer Material

1 Material for sanitary RCC Np3 As per the best practice

sewer
Manning’s “η”
2 0.011 – RCC Np3 Considering the
For RCC Np3
pipes recommended pipe
materials and the fact that
the pipes will carry sewage
(which have
sludge/solids),

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Sl. Description Unit Recommended Justification

parameters
No
conservative value of
0.011 is recommended for
RCC Np3 pipes.

E Limiting Velocities

1 Minimum m/sec 0.6 It is understood that the

self-cleansing Velocity
may not be achieved for all
the sewers, particularly in
the initial reaches, due to
small contributory
population. In such cases
self-cleaning velocity shall
be ensured at least for full
flow conditions of the
pipe.

2 Maximum m/sec 3.0 The waste water may carry

some solids, such as grit.
Therefore, it is desirable to
restrict the maximum
velocity to 3m/sec, to
prevent the damage to the
inner surface of the sewer.

F Bedding

1 Type of Bedding Granular / PCC / RCC The type of bedding is

with reinforcement finalized based on
based on CPHEEO diameter of the pipe and
depth.

G Earth Cover

1 Minimum Cover Minimum 1m cover Based on traffic load

is recommended for consideration minimum
sewer design 1m cover is recommended
and also recommended in
CPHEEO manual

H Limiting Depth of flow to Diameter

1 d/D ratio 0.80 As per CPHEEO manual

I Manhole Construction

1 Material RCC To ensure strong and

robust construction and
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Sl. Description Unit Recommended Justification

parameters
No
its ability to maintain
uniform & high
construction quality. The
high degree of water
tightness reduces the
potential of infiltration.
Its corrosion resistance
(after suitable lining) is
important in the
prevailing environment.
RCC manholes are
recommended.

J Spacing of Manholes – Maximum interval on straight reaches

The maximum
1 Spacing m Considering the
distance between
operational problems for
manholes should be
sewer cleaning during
30m as per CPHEEO.
maintenance, it is
Spacing of manholes
preferable to provide the
shall be located at:
manhole Spacing as
I. change of
specified. As mechanical
direction
cleaning equipment is
II. change of slope
enticement and cost of
III. change of
equipment is also included
pipe diameter
in the project cost, 30m
IV. change of
spacing as specified in DPR
material
may not be necessary. To
V. Beginning of
be on safer side a spacing
each line
of 30m for all diameters
VI. at points of
may be provided.
branches and in
straight
reaches.
K Manhole sizes
Circular
1 Circular manholes are
0.90 to 1.65m
structurally more efficient
> 1.66 to 2.30m 0.90m
to resist earth pressure.
> 2.31 depth 1.20m Suggested to avoid
1.50m rectangular manholes.
As per IS – 4111: 1986,
Circular type manholes are
much stronger than
rectangular & arch type
manholes. The criteria is
based on CPHEEO manual.

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Sl. Description Unit Recommended Justification

parameters
No

L Drop Across Manhole – Sewer Transition

1 Drop Manhole Where difference When a sewer connects

between incoming with another sewer and
and outgoing inverts the difference in levels
exceeds 0.60m between both lines is
more than 600mm, a drop
connection is to be
provided incorporating a
vertical drop pipe from the
higher sewer to lower one.

M Plot Service Connections

1 Diameter mm 110/160 The minimum diameter is

required to carry the
heavy solids and other
matter without choking
and to facilitate the
effective cleaning without
damage to the pipe

2 Minimum gradient for % 1 in 100 The standard practice is to

plot service maintain the slope of 1 in
100 to ensure better
hydraulic conditions.

7.8.1.4.1. Sewerage Zoning

The Entire project area is planned with four catchments based on the topography and geographic
features, ridge lines, alignment of drains, major roads.

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Table 7-38 : Sewer Zoning Details

Average Peak Remarks
Sl.No Zone No. Capacity Capacity Discharges to
in MLD in MLD
The location for proposed
MH-73 of CETP 1
1 SPS 1 1.63 4.88 SPS 1 is same as per the
Catchment
Final Master Plan.
The location for proposed
MH-253 of SPS 1
2 SPS 2 0.55 1.66 SPS 2 is same as per the
Catchment
Final Master Plan.
The location for proposed
3 CETP 1 2.99 8.94 TSPS 1 of CETP 1 CETP 1 is same as per the
Final Master Plan.
The location for proposed
4 CETP 2 1.47 4.42 TSPS 2 of CETP 2 CETP 2 is same as per the
Final Master Plan.

7.8.1.4.2. Sewage Flows

The proposed sewage flows are worked out on the basis of the development of the area. The
infiltration allowance is considered as 500 liters per/MH/ day. The peak factor has been considered as
per the recommended design parameters.

7.8.1.4.3. Hydraulic Design of Sewer

SewerGEMS Modelling
The SewerGEMS modelling is used for designing of sewers. The software is compatible with AutoCAD
and GIS Softwares and is easy to use. The SewerGEMS model is used for design to determine the
economic sizes of the sewer. The sewer network has been designed using Bentley sewerGEMS.
SewerGEMS is powerful software for the design of gravity flow through sewer. The software can be
run in Micro station and Auto Cad mode or in a Stand- Alone mode utilizing its own graphical interface.
SewerGEMS allows the designer to create a graphical representation of a pipe network containing
information on each pipe and manhole based on a set of design criteria such as population, flow, and
hydraulics. It provides a choice of conveyance elements including circular pipes, arches, boxes and
non-conventional shapes. The SewerGEMS model is used to analyse conditions under one flow
condition at a time.
Figure 7-14: Sewergems Model

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7.8.1.4.4. Pipe Summary

Hydraulic Statement of Sewer Network and Quantity Summary is shown in Table 7-39 and 7-40 and
7-41 below.
Table 7-39 : Pipe and its length summary

Diameter Length Average

SI.NO Material
(mm) (m) Depth (m)
1 200 4,047 1.708
2 250 665 3.659
3 300 821 2.397
RCC NP3
4 350 12 1.650
5 400 621 3.520
6 450 37 1.450
Total 6,203

Table 7-40: Manhole Hole depth Details Diameter wise.

SI.NO Diameter Material Length Average

(mm) (m) Depth (m)
1 200 RCC NP3 4249 1.73

2 250 832 3.88

3 300 372 2.49

4 400 728 2.89

5 500 37 1.53

Total 6218

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Table 7-41 : Hydraulic Statement

Label Manhole No Length Total Peak Ground Level Gradient Drop Invert Level Diameter Material Manning's d/D Velocity Velocity Q full q/Q Depth of Cushion
Infiltration flow Provided of Pipe Constant Actual full Sewer
n
From To From To From To From To From To
m l/day MLD m m 1 in m m m mm m/s m/s lps m m m m
P-1 MH-225 MH-226 27.00 2.98 0.00 35.59 34.63 150 33.61 33.43 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.00 0.03 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.98 1.20 1.78 1.00

P-2 MH-226 MH-227 27.00 5.98 0.00 34.63 33.71 150 0.74 32.69 32.51 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.00 0.02 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.94 1.20 1.74 1.00
P-3 MH-227 MH-228 30.00 9.30 0.00 33.71 32.63 150 0.88 31.63 31.43 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.00 0.03 1.01 31.65 0.00 2.08 1.20 1.88 1.00
P-4 MH-228 MH-229 36.00 15.61 0.16 32.63 31.86 150 0.53 30.90 30.66 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.16 0.55 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.73 1.20 1.53 1.00
P-5 MH-229 MH-230 32.00 19.21 0.16 31.86 31.59 150 0.05 30.61 30.39 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.16 0.55 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.25 1.20 1.05 1.00
P-6 MH-230 MH-231 30.00 22.56 0.16 31.59 31.50 250 30.39 30.27 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.18 0.46 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.23 1.00 1.03
P-7 MH-231 MH-232 27.00 25.53 0.16 31.50 31.46 250 30.27 30.16 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.18 0.46 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.23 1.30 1.03 1.10
P-8 MH-232 MH-233 28.00 31.50 0.17 31.46 31.37 250 0.26 29.90 29.79 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.19 0.46 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.56 1.58 1.36 1.38
P-9 MH-233 MH-234 30.00 34.81 0.17 31.37 30.92 250 29.79 29.67 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.19 0.46 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.58 1.25 1.38 1.05
P-10 MH-234 MH-235 34.00 38.45 0.17 30.92 30.15 150 0.50 29.17 28.95 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.56 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.75 1.20 1.55 1.00
P-11 MH-235 MH-236 30.00 42.70 0.17 30.15 29.26 150 0.63 28.32 28.06 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.56 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.83 1.20 1.63 1.00
P-12 MH-236 MH-237 30.00 47.39 0.17 29.26 28.07 150 0.90 27.16 26.87 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.56 1.01 31.65 0.01 2.10 1.20 1.90 1.00
P-13 MH-237 MH-238 30.00 53.65 0.17 28.07 27.21 150 0.60 26.27 26.01 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.56 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.80 1.20 1.60 1.00
P-14 MH-239 MH-238 30.00 26.45 1.49 26.94 27.21 250 25.72 25.57 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 0.84 0.78 24.52 0.06 1.22 1.64 1.02 1.44
P-15 MH-240 MH-239 30.00 22.40 1.49 27.07 26.94 250 25.87 25.72 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 0.84 0.78 24.52 0.06 1.20 1.22 1.00 1.02
P-16 MH-241 MH-240 30.00 18.25 1.49 27.55 27.07 150 26.09 25.87 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.53 1.03 1.01 31.65 0.05 1.46 1.20 1.26 1.00
P-17 MH-242 MH-241 30.00 14.55 1.49 27.71 27.55 250 26.35 26.22 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 0.84 0.78 24.52 0.06 1.36 1.33 1.16 1.13
P-18 MH-243 MH-242 30.00 10.82 1.49 27.85 27.71 250 26.50 26.35 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 0.84 0.78 24.52 0.06 1.35 1.36 1.15 1.16
P-19 MH-224 MH-243 39.00 4.61 0.00 27.86 27.85 250 26.66 26.50 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.35 1.00 1.15
P-20 MH-25 MH-141 19.00 1.60 0.11 25.43 25.47 250 24.22 24.27 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.15 0.41 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.21 1.20 1.01 1.00
P-21 MH-198 MH-85 36.00 29.11 0.44 27.16 26.58 150 25.62 25.38 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.27 0.74 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.54 1.20 1.34 1.00
P-22 MH-197 MH-198 30.00 25.13 0.44 27.65 27.16 150 26.16 25.96 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.27 0.74 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.49 1.20 1.29 1.00
P-23 MH-68 MH-197 30.00 21.80 0.44 28.13 27.65 150 26.65 26.45 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.27 0.74 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.48 1.20 1.28 1.00
P-24 MH-151 MH-68 34.00 14.84 0.33 28.69 28.13 150 27.16 26.93 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.23 0.68 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.53 1.20 1.33 1.00
P-25 MH-58 MH-151 30.00 11.06 0.33 29.18 28.69 150 27.69 27.49 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.23 0.68 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.49 1.20 1.29 1.00
P-26 MH-90 MH-58 20.00 4.17 0.13 29.74 29.18 150 28.11 27.98 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.15 0.52 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.63 1.20 1.43 1.00
P-27 MH-89 MH-213 30.00 107.68 6.49 28.88 28.28 670 21.40 21.35 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.76 95.09 0.07 7.48 6.93 7.08 6.53
P-28 MH-5 MH-6 5.00 13.95 0.78 4.15 4.15 250 1.16 1.14 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.42 0.72 0.78 24.52 0.03 2.99 3.01 2.79 2.81
P-29 MH-8 MH-87 18.00 41.99 1.22 24.13 24.48 250 22.56 22.49 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 1.57 1.99 1.37 1.79
P-30 MH-13 MH-11 9.00 22.69 5.27 29.29 28.94 250 27.58 27.54 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 1.15 1.02 72.28 0.07 1.71 1.40 1.41 1.10

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P-31 MH-12 MH-11 9.00 66.94 1.22 28.34 28.94 250 21.66 21.62 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 6.68 7.32 6.48 7.12
P-32 MH-9 MH-7 7.00 39.34 1.22 23.94 23.89 250 22.61 22.59 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 1.33 1.30 1.13 1.10
P-33 MH-7 MH-8 6.00 40.03 1.22 23.89 24.13 250 22.59 22.56 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 1.30 1.57 1.10 1.37
P-34 MH-50 MH-17 34.00 152.43 7.26 17.95 17.12 300 15.83 15.72 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 1.18 1.13 142.10 0.05 2.12 1.40 1.72 1.00
P-35 MH-17 MH-110 31.00 155.91 7.26 17.12 16.36 300 0.65 15.07 14.96 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 1.18 1.13 142.10 0.05 2.05 1.40 1.65 1.00
P-36 MH-139 MH-50 25.00 2.81 0.17 17.61 17.95 250 16.41 16.31 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.19 0.47 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.64 1.00 1.44
P-37 MH-138 MH-40 19.00 1.66 0.18 21.34 21.34 250 20.14 20.08 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.20 0.47 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.26 1.00 1.06
P-38 MH-52 MH-25 15.00 1.66 0.12 25.36 25.43 250 24.16 24.10 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.16 0.42 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.33 1.00 1.13
P-39 MH-41 MH-40 15.00 1.66 0.10 21.26 21.34 250 20.06 20.00 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.15 0.40 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.34 1.00 1.14
P-40 MH-51 MH-50 15.00 1.66 0.09 17.87 17.95 250 16.67 16.61 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.14 0.39 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.34 1.00 1.14
P-41 MH-1 O-2 37.00 190.82 8.94 6.87 6.90 830 5.42 5.37 450 RCC NP3 0.01 0.73 0.83 0.74 116.95 0.08 1.45 1.53 1.00 1.08
P-42 MH-111 MH-110 25.00 2.78 1.40 16.29 16.36 250 15.09 14.99 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.59 0.83 0.78 24.52 0.06 1.20 1.37 1.00 1.17
P-43 MH-47 MH-1 21.00 186.76 8.93 7.56 6.87 300 5.54 5.47 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.63 1.23 1.13 142.10 0.06 2.02 1.40 1.62 1.00
P-44 MH-48 MH-47 15.00 1.66 0.27 8.03 7.56 150 6.46 6.36 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.21 0.64 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.57 1.20 1.37 1.00
P-45 MH-134 MH-81 15.00 1.69 0.00 30.37 30.35 250 29.17 29.11 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.03 0.14 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.24 1.00 1.04
P-46 MH-34 MH-189 15.00 67.25 1.09 7.45 7.56 250 5.24 5.18 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.51 0.79 0.78 24.52 0.04 2.21 2.38 2.01 2.18
P-47 MH-135 MH-77 20.00 2.00 0.14 32.89 32.99 250 31.69 31.62 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.18 0.45 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.37 1.00 1.17
P-48 MH-245 MH-174 22.00 2.39 0.00 6.75 6.51 150 5.46 5.31 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.00 0.02 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.29 1.20 1.09 1.00
P-49 MH-78 MH-77 15.00 1.69 0.16 32.55 32.99 250 31.35 31.29 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.19 0.46 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.70 1.00 1.50
P-50 MH-247 MH-12 7.00 0.82 0.00 28.83 28.34 150 27.19 27.14 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.03 0.17 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.64 1.20 1.44 1.00
P-51 MH-120 MH-58 20.00 1.93 0.04 29.52 29.18 150 28.09 27.98 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.08 0.36 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.43 1.20 1.23 1.00
P-52 MH-248 MH-89 32.00 12.65 0.00 29.44 28.88 150 27.90 27.68 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.03 0.17 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.54 1.20 1.34 1.00
P-53 MH-59 MH-58 15.00 1.66 0.16 29.82 29.18 150 28.08 27.98 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.55 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.74 1.20 1.54 1.00
P-54 MH-249 MH-248 30.00 9.09 0.00 30.01 29.44 150 28.44 28.24 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.03 0.17 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.57 1.20 1.37 1.00
P-55 MH-113 MH-68 20.00 1.97 0.04 28.06 28.13 250 26.86 26.79 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.10 0.30 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.34 1.00 1.14
P-56 MH-250 MH-249 44.00 5.74 0.00 30.82 30.01 150 29.10 28.81 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.03 0.17 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.72 1.20 1.52 1.00
P-57 MH-69 MH-68 15.00 1.66 0.07 28.34 28.13 120 27.03 26.93 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.11 0.43 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.31 1.20 1.11 1.00
P-58 MH-251 MH-250 8.00 0.90 0.00 31.11 30.82 120 29.67 29.62 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.03 0.17 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.44 1.20 1.24 1.00
P-59 MH-117 MH-85 20.00 1.97 0.04 26.50 26.58 120 25.30 25.21 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.09 0.32 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.20 1.37 1.00 1.17
P-60 MH-252 MH-228 21.00 2.29 0.16 32.68 32.63 120 31.48 31.40 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.18 0.46 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.20 1.23 1.00 1.03
P-61 MH-109 MH-16 20.00 2.03 0.04 25.25 25.33 120 24.05 23.98 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.10 0.31 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.20 1.35 1.00 1.15
P-62 MH-253 MH-62 39.00 4.33 1.66 36.00 34.92 120 33.98 33.72 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.56 1.06 1.13 35.38 0.05 2.02 1.20 1.82 1.00
P-63 MH-136 MH-101 20.00 1.94 0.04 24.36 24.44 120 23.16 23.09 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.10 0.30 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.20 1.35 1.00 1.15
P-64 MH-3 MH-112 21.00 2.08 0.13 24.05 23.97 120 22.69 22.77 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.43 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.36 1.20 1.16 1.00

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P-65 MH-119 MH-92 21.00 2.02 0.15 23.92 23.99 120 22.72 22.65 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.18 0.45 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.20 1.34 1.00 1.14
P-66 MH-255 MH-232 26.00 2.88 0.01 31.20 31.46 120 30.00 29.90 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.05 0.20 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.20 1.56 1.00 1.36
P-67 MH-106 MH-105 22.00 1.95 0.14 24.18 24.26 120 22.98 22.91 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.44 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.20 1.35 1.00 1.15
P-68 MH-256 MH-237 22.00 1.88 0.01 28.36 28.07 120 26.99 26.87 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.04 0.20 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.37 1.20 1.17 1.00
P-69 MH-99 MH-118 21.00 1.94 0.13 24.68 24.72 120 23.45 23.52 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.43 1.13 35.38 0.00 1.23 1.20 1.03 1.00
P-70 MH-238 O-4 9.00 81.86 1.66 27.21 27.58 100 25.57 25.51 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.86 1.23 38.76 0.04 1.64 2.07 1.44 1.87
P-71 MH-125 MH-124 21.00 1.83 0.12 25.07 25.04 100 23.87 23.81 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.16 0.42 1.23 38.76 0.00 1.20 1.23 1.00 1.03
P-72 MH-260 MH-182 10.00 1.16 0.01 3.39 3.46 100 2.19 2.15 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.04 0.17 1.23 38.76 0.00 1.20 1.31 1.00 1.11
P-73 MH-115 MH-114 20.00 1.84 0.12 25.38 25.35 100 24.18 24.11 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.16 0.42 1.23 38.76 0.00 1.20 1.24 1.00 1.04
P-74 MH-261 MH-191 31.00 3.48 0.39 6.71 6.04 100 5.05 4.84 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.26 0.72 1.23 38.76 0.01 1.66 1.20 1.46 1.00
P-75 MH-129 MH-128 19.00 1.90 0.10 25.81 25.89 250 24.61 24.54 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.15 0.40 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.35 1.00 1.15
P-76 MH-160 MH-262 20.00 0.78 0.01 33.94 33.80 250 32.58 32.60 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.04 0.17 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.36 1.20 1.16 1.00
P-77 MH-131 MH-130 12.00 1.34 0.11 26.10 26.48 80 24.90 24.86 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.15 0.41 1.38 43.34 0.00 1.20 1.62 1.00 1.42
P-78 MH-108 MH-107 10.00 1.13 0.16 26.41 26.89 80 25.21 25.17 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.19 0.46 1.38 43.34 0.00 1.20 1.72 1.00 1.52
P-79 MH-265 MH-243 45.00 2.24 1.49 28.38 27.85 80 26.78 26.65 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.53 1.03 1.38 43.34 0.03 1.60 1.20 1.40 1.00
P-80 MH-43 MH-42 15.00 1.66 0.30 26.46 26.42 80 25.26 25.18 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.24 0.60 1.38 43.34 0.01 1.20 1.24 1.00 1.04
P-81 MH-54 MH-53 15.00 1.66 0.13 26.73 26.71 80 25.53 25.47 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.43 1.38 43.34 0.00 1.20 1.24 1.00 1.04
P-82 MH-37 MH-36 15.00 1.66 0.13 27.30 27.33 80 26.10 26.04 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.43 1.38 43.34 0.00 1.20 1.29 1.00 1.09
P-83 MH-57 MH-56 4.00 0.41 0.13 27.57 27.52 100 26.34 26.32 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.15 0.52 1.23 38.76 0.00 1.23 1.20 1.03 1.00
P-84 MH-67 MH-66 5.00 0.53 0.12 31.00 30.99 100 29.80 29.78 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.16 0.43 1.23 38.76 0.00 1.20 1.21 1.00 1.01
P-85 MH-63 MH-62 5.00 0.55 0.20 34.83 34.92 100 33.63 33.61 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.21 0.49 1.23 38.76 0.01 1.20 1.31 1.00 1.11
P-86 MH-4 O-3 12.00 236.34 4.88 24.03 24.27 80 22.38 22.36 350 RCC NP3 0.01 0.71 0.78 2.00 192.73 0.03 1.65 1.91 1.30 1.56
P-87 MH-11 MH-89 19.00 91.70 6.49 28.94 28.88 80 21.42 21.40 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 2.19 275.17 0.02 7.52 7.48 7.12 7.08
P-88 MH-74 MH-73 15.00 1.69 0.08 33.25 33.46 250 31.95 31.89 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.13 0.37 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.30 1.57 1.10 1.37
P-89 MH-137 MH-90 20.00 1.94 0.13 29.66 29.74 250 28.46 28.39 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.43 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.35 1.00 1.15
P-90 MH-23 MH-22 12.00 1.37 0.17 29.71 29.46 150 28.34 28.26 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.56 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.37 1.20 1.17 1.00
P-91 MH-116 MH-22 25.00 2.78 0.21 29.28 29.46 250 28.08 27.98 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.21 0.50 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.48 1.00 1.28
P-92 MH-61 MH-29 15.00 1.66 0.16 27.44 26.97 150 25.87 25.77 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.16 0.55 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.57 1.20 1.37 1.00
P-93 MH-121 MH-29 25.00 2.78 0.17 26.90 26.97 250 25.70 25.60 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.19 0.47 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.37 1.00 1.17
P-94 MH-60 MH-10 15.00 1.66 0.01 24.65 24.16 150 23.06 22.96 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.04 0.20 1.01 31.65 0.00 1.59 1.20 1.39 1.00
P-95 MH-132 MH-97 25.00 2.78 0.16 24.50 24.71 250 23.30 23.20 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.19 0.46 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.51 1.00 1.31
P-96 MH-103 MH-79 16.00 1.76 0.11 8.44 8.38 250 7.24 7.17 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.15 0.41 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.21 1.00 1.01
P-97 MH-126 MH-26 15.00 1.70 0.05 8.29 8.48 250 7.09 7.03 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.10 0.31 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.45 1.00 1.25
P-98 MH-70 MH-26 15.00 1.66 0.07 8.48 8.48 250 7.28 7.22 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.12 0.35 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.26 1.00 1.06

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P-99 MH-21 MH-96 18.00 5.76 0.77 2.79 2.86 250 1.47 1.40 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.42 0.72 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.32 1.46 1.12 1.26
P-100 MH-83 MH-21 11.00 1.23 0.52 2.79 2.79 250 1.59 1.55 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.34 0.64 0.78 24.52 0.02 1.20 1.24 1.00 1.04
P-101 MH-15 MH-21 23.00 2.57 0.26 2.80 2.79 175 1.60 1.47 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.22 0.60 0.93 29.30 0.01 1.20 1.32 1.00 1.12
P-102 MH-62 MH-160 30.00 8.21 1.86 34.92 33.94 150 32.94 32.74 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 1.08 1.01 31.65 0.06 1.98 1.20 1.78 1.00
P-103 MH-160 MH-148 30.00 12.32 1.87 33.94 32.85 150 0.89 31.85 31.65 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 1.08 1.01 31.65 0.06 2.09 1.20 1.89 1.00
P-104 MH-148 MH-94 29.00 15.58 1.87 32.85 31.78 150 0.87 30.78 30.58 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 1.08 1.01 31.65 0.06 2.07 1.20 1.87 1.00
P-105 MH-94 MH-66 21.00 17.94 1.87 31.78 30.99 150 0.65 29.93 29.79 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 1.08 1.01 31.65 0.06 1.85 1.20 1.65 1.00
P-106 MH-66 MH-162 30.00 21.80 1.99 30.99 29.88 150 0.91 28.88 28.68 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.63 1.10 1.01 31.65 0.06 2.11 1.20 1.91 1.00
P-107 MH-162 MH-161 30.00 25.13 1.99 29.88 28.76 150 0.92 27.76 27.56 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.63 1.10 1.01 31.65 0.06 2.12 1.20 1.92 1.00
P-108 MH-161 MH-56 35.00 29.03 1.99 28.76 27.52 150 1.01 26.55 26.32 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.63 1.10 1.01 31.65 0.06 2.21 1.20 2.01 1.00
P-109 MH-56 MH-163 30.00 32.77 2.12 27.52 26.81 150 0.51 25.81 25.61 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.66 1.11 1.01 31.65 0.07 1.71 1.20 1.51 1.00
P-110 MH-163 MH-165 30.00 36.10 2.12 26.81 26.48 150 0.13 25.48 25.28 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.66 1.11 1.01 31.65 0.07 1.33 1.20 1.13 1.00
P-111 MH-104 MH-4 24.00 174.90 4.20 23.98 24.03 450 22.48 22.43 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.74 0.86 0.76 53.87 0.08 1.50 1.60 1.20 1.30
P-112 MH-165 MH-210 30.00 39.48 2.12 26.48 26.43 360 25.23 25.14 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.60 0.81 0.75 37.04 0.06 1.25 1.29 1.00 1.04
P-113 MH-210 MH-209 30.00 42.85 2.12 26.43 26.52 360 25.14 25.06 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.60 0.81 0.75 37.04 0.06 1.29 1.46 1.04 1.21
P-114 MH-209 MH-205 30.00 46.18 2.12 26.52 26.67 360 25.06 24.97 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.60 0.81 0.75 37.04 0.06 1.46 1.70 1.21 1.45
P-115 MH-205 MH-178 30.00 49.51 2.12 26.67 26.84 360 24.97 24.89 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.60 0.81 0.75 37.04 0.06 1.70 1.95 1.45 1.70
P-116 MH-178 MH-177 31.00 52.94 2.12 26.84 27.13 360 24.89 24.80 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.60 0.81 0.75 37.04 0.06 1.95 2.33 1.70 2.08
P-117 MH-177 MH-122 31.00 56.39 2.12 27.13 27.36 360 24.80 24.72 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.60 0.81 0.75 37.04 0.06 2.33 2.64 2.08 2.39
P-118 MH-122 MH-88 30.00 62.54 2.63 27.36 27.37 360 24.72 24.63 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.69 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 2.64 2.74 2.39 2.49
P-119 MH-123 MH-122 25.00 2.72 0.50 27.31 27.36 250 26.11 26.01 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.33 0.64 0.78 24.52 0.02 1.20 1.35 1.00 1.15
P-120 MH-88 MH-36 18.00 64.60 2.63 27.37 27.33 360 24.63 24.58 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.69 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 2.74 2.75 2.49 2.50
P-121 MH-36 MH-208 30.00 69.59 2.75 27.33 27.08 360 24.58 24.50 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.72 0.85 0.75 37.04 0.07 2.75 2.58 2.50 2.33
P-122 MH-208 MH-217 30.00 72.93 2.75 27.08 26.88 360 24.50 24.41 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.72 0.85 0.75 37.04 0.07 2.58 2.47 2.33 2.22
P-123 MH-217 MH-53 31.00 76.41 2.75 26.88 26.71 360 24.41 24.33 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.72 0.85 0.75 37.04 0.07 2.47 2.38 2.22 2.13
P-124 MH-53 MH-143 30.00 81.41 2.88 26.71 26.53 360 24.33 24.24 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.74 0.85 0.75 37.04 0.08 2.38 2.29 2.13 2.04
P-125 MH-143 MH-42 28.00 84.48 2.88 26.53 26.42 360 24.24 24.17 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.74 0.85 0.75 37.04 0.08 2.29 2.25 2.04 2.00
P-126 MH-42 MH-203 30.00 89.47 3.18 26.42 26.35 450 0.05 24.12 24.05 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 0.82 0.76 53.87 0.06 2.30 2.30 2.00 2.00
P-127 MH-203 MH-202 30.00 92.80 3.18 26.35 26.34 450 24.05 23.98 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 0.82 0.76 53.87 0.06 2.30 2.36 2.00 2.06
P-128 MH-202 MH-164 30.00 96.13 3.18 26.34 26.48 450 23.98 23.92 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 0.82 0.76 53.87 0.06 2.36 2.56 2.06 2.26
P-129 MH-164 MH-159 30.00 99.46 3.18 26.48 26.69 450 23.92 23.85 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 0.82 0.76 53.87 0.06 2.56 2.84 2.26 2.54
P-130 MH-159 MH-158 30.00 102.79 3.18 26.69 26.84 450 23.85 23.78 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 0.82 0.76 53.87 0.06 2.84 3.06 2.54 2.76
P-131 MH-158 MH-107 31.00 106.19 3.18 26.84 26.89 450 23.78 23.72 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.61 0.82 0.76 53.87 0.06 3.06 3.17 2.76 2.87
P-132 MH-107 MH-181 30.00 110.66 3.34 26.89 26.86 450 23.72 23.65 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.63 0.83 0.76 53.87 0.06 3.17 3.21 2.87 2.91

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P-133 MH-181 MH-180 30.00 114.00 3.34 26.86 26.74 450 23.65 23.58 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.63 0.83 0.76 53.87 0.06 3.21 3.16 2.91 2.86
P-134 MH-180 MH-130 41.00 118.54 3.34 26.74 26.48 450 23.58 23.49 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.63 0.83 0.76 53.87 0.06 3.16 2.99 2.86 2.69
P-135 MH-130 MH-212 30.00 123.21 3.45 26.48 26.29 450 23.49 23.42 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.64 0.83 0.76 53.87 0.06 2.99 2.87 2.69 2.57
P-136 MH-212 MH-128 39.00 127.58 3.45 26.29 25.89 450 23.42 23.34 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.64 0.83 0.76 53.87 0.06 2.87 2.55 2.57 2.25
P-137 MH-128 MH-153 30.00 132.82 3.55 25.89 25.57 450 23.34 23.27 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.65 0.84 0.76 53.87 0.07 2.55 2.30 2.25 2.00
P-138 MH-153 MH-114 30.00 136.13 3.55 25.57 25.35 450 23.27 23.20 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.65 0.84 0.76 53.87 0.07 2.30 2.15 2.00 1.85
P-139 MH-114 MH-124 45.00 142.93 3.67 25.35 25.04 450 23.20 23.10 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.76 53.87 0.07 2.15 1.94 1.85 1.64
P-140 MH-100 MH-99 23.00 150.66 3.78 24.83 24.68 450 23.04 22.99 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.68 0.85 0.76 53.87 0.07 1.79 1.69 1.49 1.39
P-141 MH-124 MH-100 30.00 148.09 3.78 25.04 24.83 450 23.10 23.04 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.68 0.85 0.76 53.87 0.07 1.94 1.79 1.64 1.49
P-142 MH-99 MH-150 30.00 155.98 3.91 24.68 24.46 450 22.99 22.92 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.85 0.76 53.87 0.07 1.69 1.54 1.39 1.24
P-143 MH-150 MH-105 30.00 159.28 3.91 24.46 24.26 274 22.92 22.81 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.59 1.04 0.98 69.04 0.06 1.54 1.45 1.24 1.15
P-144 MH-105 MH-93 30.00 164.54 4.05 24.26 24.06 450 22.81 22.74 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.72 0.86 0.76 53.87 0.08 1.45 1.32 1.15 1.02
P-145 MH-93 MH-92 21.00 166.81 4.05 24.06 23.99 403 22.74 22.69 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.69 0.90 0.81 56.93 0.07 1.32 1.30 1.02 1.00
P-146 MH-92 MH-104 30.00 172.19 4.20 23.99 23.98 450 0.14 22.55 22.48 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.74 0.86 0.76 53.87 0.08 1.44 1.50 1.14 1.20
P-147 MH-3 MH-4 4.00 60.15 0.69 24.05 24.03 250 22.69 22.68 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.39 0.70 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.36 1.35 1.16 1.15
P-148 MH-102 MH-3 30.00 57.61 0.56 24.21 24.05 207 22.99 22.85 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.33 0.71 0.86 26.94 0.02 1.22 1.20 1.02 1.00
P-149 MH-101 MH-102 24.00 54.28 0.56 24.44 24.21 250 23.09 22.99 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.35 0.66 0.78 24.52 0.02 1.35 1.22 1.15 1.02
P-150 MH-187 MH-101 30.00 49.65 0.52 24.76 24.44 150 23.44 23.24 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.30 0.78 1.01 31.65 0.02 1.32 1.20 1.12 1.00
P-151 MH-17 MH-187 30.00 46.32 0.52 25.15 24.76 150 23.76 23.56 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.30 0.78 1.01 31.65 0.02 1.39 1.20 1.19 1.00
P-152 MH-16 MH-17 12.00 42.99 0.52 25.33 25.15 250 23.98 23.93 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.34 0.65 0.78 24.52 0.02 1.35 1.22 1.15 1.02
P-153 MH-176 MH-16 30.00 39.67 0.48 25.81 25.33 150 24.33 24.13 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.28 0.76 1.01 31.65 0.02 1.48 1.20 1.28 1.00
P-154 MH-85 MH-86 17.00 33.01 0.48 26.58 26.30 150 25.21 25.10 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.28 0.76 1.01 31.65 0.02 1.37 1.20 1.17 1.00
P-155 MH-86 MH-176 30.00 36.33 0.48 26.30 25.81 150 0.29 24.81 24.61 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.28 0.76 1.01 31.65 0.02 1.49 1.20 1.29 1.00
P-156 MH-73 MH-77 31.00 5.12 4.96 33.46 32.99 250 31.71 31.59 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 1.13 1.02 72.28 0.07 1.75 1.40 1.45 1.10
P-157 MH-77 MH-173 30.00 12.18 5.26 32.99 32.10 250 0.77 30.82 30.70 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 1.15 1.02 72.28 0.07 2.17 1.40 1.87 1.10
P-158 MH-173 MH-82 30.00 15.51 5.26 32.10 31.01 250 0.97 29.73 29.61 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 1.15 1.02 72.28 0.07 2.37 1.40 2.07 1.10
P-159 MH-81 MH-13 24.00 21.64 5.27 30.35 29.29 250 27.99 27.89 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 1.15 1.02 72.28 0.07 2.36 1.40 2.06 1.10
P-160 MH-82 MH-81 16.00 17.33 5.26 31.01 30.35 250 29.01 28.95 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 1.15 1.02 72.28 0.07 2.00 1.40 1.70 1.10
P-161 MH-186 MH-12 30.00 65.15 1.22 27.81 28.34 250 21.78 21.66 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 6.03 6.68 5.83 6.48
P-162 MH-152 MH-186 30.00 61.82 1.22 27.25 27.81 250 21.90 21.78 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 5.35 6.03 5.15 5.83
P-163 MH-145 MH-152 30.00 58.49 1.22 26.68 27.25 250 22.02 21.90 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 4.66 5.35 4.46 5.15
P-164 MH-144 MH-145 29.00 55.18 1.22 26.15 26.68 250 22.13 22.02 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 4.02 4.66 3.82 4.46
P-165 MH-185 MH-144 30.00 51.98 1.22 25.59 26.15 250 22.25 22.13 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 3.34 4.02 3.14 3.82
P-166 MH-188 MH-185 30.00 48.65 1.22 25.04 25.59 250 22.37 22.25 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 2.67 3.34 2.47 3.14

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P-167 MH-87 MH-188 30.00 45.32 1.22 24.48 25.04 250 22.49 22.37 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 1.99 2.67 1.79 2.47
P-168 MH-10 MH-9 7.00 38.64 1.22 24.16 23.94 250 22.67 22.64 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.55 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 1.49 1.30 1.29 1.10
P-169 MH-97 MH-10 23.00 36.24 1.22 24.71 24.16 250 22.95 22.86 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.54 0.81 0.78 24.52 0.05 1.76 1.30 1.56 1.10
P-170 MH-183 MH-97 30.00 30.94 1.05 25.57 24.71 250 23.53 23.41 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.50 0.78 0.78 24.52 0.04 2.04 1.30 1.84 1.10
P-171 MH-28 MH-183 30.00 27.61 1.05 26.55 25.57 250 24.39 24.27 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.50 0.78 0.78 24.52 0.04 2.16 1.30 1.96 1.10
P-172 MH-29 MH-28 13.00 24.28 1.05 26.97 26.55 250 25.30 25.25 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.50 0.78 0.78 24.52 0.04 1.67 1.30 1.47 1.10
P-173 MH-184 MH-29 30.00 18.40 0.72 27.96 26.97 250 25.79 25.67 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.40 0.71 0.78 24.52 0.03 2.17 1.30 1.97 1.10
P-174 MH-95 MH-184 30.00 15.07 0.72 28.91 27.96 250 26.78 26.66 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.40 0.71 0.78 24.52 0.03 2.13 1.30 1.93 1.10
P-175 MH-22 MH-95 21.00 11.74 0.72 29.46 28.91 250 27.69 27.61 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.40 0.71 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.77 1.30 1.57 1.10
P-176 MH-84 MH-22 30.00 5.24 0.35 29.93 29.46 250 28.28 28.16 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.27 0.57 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.65 1.30 1.45 1.10
P-177 MH-32 MH-84 17.00 1.90 0.35 29.99 29.93 250 28.69 28.62 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.27 0.57 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.30 1.31 1.10 1.11
P-178 MH-25 MH-199 30.00 122.31 6.72 25.43 24.22 670 21.24 21.20 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.69 0.84 0.76 95.09 0.07 4.19 3.02 3.79 2.62
P-179 MH-40 MH-201 30.00 136.89 7.00 21.34 20.12 300 18.82 18.72 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.54 1.17 1.13 142.10 0.05 2.52 1.40 2.12 1.00
P-180 MH-110 MH-194 31.00 162.08 8.66 16.36 15.17 300 13.87 13.77 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 1.23 1.13 142.10 0.06 2.49 1.40 2.09 1.00
P-181 MH-213 MH-195 30.00 111.01 6.49 28.28 27.15 670 21.35 21.31 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.76 95.09 0.07 6.93 5.84 6.53 5.44
P-182 MH-195 MH-24 30.00 114.34 6.49 27.15 25.93 670 21.31 21.26 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.76 95.09 0.07 5.84 4.67 5.44 4.27
P-183 MH-24 MH-25 12.00 115.71 6.49 25.93 25.43 670 21.26 21.24 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.76 95.09 0.07 4.67 4.19 4.27 3.79
P-184 MH-199 MH-206 30.00 125.64 6.72 24.22 23.01 670 21.20 21.15 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.69 0.84 0.76 95.09 0.07 3.02 1.86 2.62 1.46
P-185 MH-206 MH-40 41.00 130.24 6.72 23.01 21.34 300 1.08 20.07 19.94 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.53 1.16 1.13 142.10 0.05 2.94 1.40 2.54 1.00
P-186 MH-201 MH-204 30.00 140.22 7.00 20.12 18.98 300 17.68 17.58 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.54 1.17 1.13 142.10 0.05 2.44 1.40 2.04 1.00
P-187 MH-204 MH-50 35.00 144.12 7.00 18.98 17.95 300 0.92 16.66 16.55 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.54 1.17 1.13 142.10 0.05 2.32 1.40 1.92 1.00
P-188 MH-194 MH-146 30.00 165.41 8.66 15.17 13.99 300 12.69 12.59 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 1.23 1.13 142.10 0.06 2.48 1.40 2.08 1.00
P-189 MH-146 MH-147 29.00 168.68 8.66 13.99 12.77 300 1.12 11.47 11.37 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 1.23 1.13 142.10 0.06 2.52 1.40 2.12 1.00
P-190 MH-147 MH-200 31.00 172.08 8.66 12.77 11.44 300 1.23 10.14 10.04 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 1.23 1.13 142.10 0.06 2.63 1.40 2.23 1.00
P-191 MH-200 MH-192 30.00 175.41 8.66 11.44 10.17 300 1.17 8.87 8.77 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 1.23 1.13 142.10 0.06 2.57 1.40 2.17 1.00
P-192 MH-192 MH-193 30.00 178.75 8.66 10.17 8.96 300 1.11 7.66 7.56 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 1.23 1.13 142.10 0.06 2.51 1.40 2.11 1.00
P-193 MH-193 MH-47 36.00 182.73 8.66 8.96 7.56 300 1.28 6.28 6.16 400 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 1.23 1.13 142.10 0.06 2.68 1.40 2.28 1.00
P-194 MH-80 MH-79 16.00 4.36 0.06 8.46 8.38 250 6.98 6.91 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.11 0.34 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.48 1.47 1.28 1.27
P-195 MH-72 MH-71 15.00 1.66 0.12 8.03 8.10 250 6.83 6.77 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.16 0.42 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.33 1.00 1.13
P-196 MH-140 MH-71 16.00 1.77 0.05 8.12 8.10 250 6.92 6.86 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.11 0.33 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.24 1.00 1.04
P-197 MH-39 MH-38 15.00 1.66 0.15 7.99 8.06 250 6.79 6.73 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.18 0.45 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.33 1.00 1.13
P-198 MH-127 MH-38 16.00 1.72 0.03 8.07 8.06 250 6.87 6.80 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.08 0.27 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.20 1.26 1.00 1.06
P-199 MH-45 MH-44 11.00 1.21 0.13 7.87 7.94 250 6.67 6.63 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.17 0.43 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.20 1.31 1.00 1.11
P-200 MH-46 MH-30 15.00 1.66 0.34 8.25 8.00 150 6.90 6.80 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.24 0.68 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.35 1.20 1.15 1.00

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P-201 MH-19 O-1 6.00 179.49 4.42 5.86 5.81 360 -0.83 -0.84 300 RCC NP3 0.01 0.71 0.96 0.85 60.23 0.07 6.69 6.65 6.39 6.35
P-202 MH-49 MH-20 8.00 0.88 0.39 5.80 5.82 245 4.60 4.57 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.29 0.60 0.79 24.76 0.02 1.20 1.25 1.00 1.05
P-203 MH-65 MH-64 9.00 1.01 0.34 3.16 3.06 150 1.93 1.86 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.24 0.69 1.01 31.65 0.01 1.23 1.20 1.03 1.00
P-204 MH-76 MH-75 10.00 1.14 0.66 2.82 2.89 250 1.62 1.58 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.38 0.69 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.20 1.31 1.00 1.11
P-205 MH-79 MH-27 30.00 9.44 0.16 8.38 8.26 250 6.91 6.79 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.19 0.46 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.47 1.47 1.27 1.27
P-206 MH-222 MH-80 23.00 2.59 0.06 8.37 8.46 250 7.07 6.98 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.11 0.34 0.78 24.52 0.00 1.30 1.48 1.10 1.28
P-207 MH-27 MH-26 13.00 10.91 0.16 8.26 8.48 250 6.79 6.74 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.19 0.46 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.47 1.74 1.27 1.54
P-208 MH-26 MH-155 30.00 17.60 0.27 8.48 8.23 250 6.74 6.62 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.24 0.54 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.74 1.61 1.54 1.41
P-209 MH-155 MH-154 30.00 20.92 0.27 8.23 8.17 250 6.62 6.50 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.24 0.54 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.61 1.67 1.41 1.47
P-210 MH-154 MH-71 33.00 24.61 0.27 8.17 8.10 250 6.50 6.37 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.24 0.54 0.78 24.52 0.01 1.67 1.73 1.47 1.53
P-211 MH-71 MH-38 21.00 30.33 0.44 8.10 8.06 250 6.37 6.29 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.31 0.62 0.78 24.52 0.02 1.73 1.77 1.53 1.57
P-212 MH-38 MH-179 30.00 37.05 0.62 8.06 8.00 250 6.29 6.17 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.37 0.68 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.77 1.83 1.57 1.63
P-213 MH-179 MH-98 30.00 40.38 0.62 8.00 7.94 250 6.17 6.05 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.37 0.68 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.83 1.89 1.63 1.69
P-214 MH-98 MH-44 23.00 42.90 0.62 7.94 7.94 250 6.05 5.95 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.37 0.68 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.89 1.99 1.69 1.79
P-215 MH-44 MH-149 30.00 47.39 0.75 7.94 8.01 250 5.95 5.84 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.41 0.71 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.99 2.17 1.79 1.97
P-216 MH-149 MH-31 30.00 50.75 0.75 8.01 8.03 250 5.84 5.72 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.41 0.71 0.78 24.52 0.03 2.17 2.31 1.97 2.11
P-217 MH-31 MH-30 13.00 52.24 0.75 8.03 8.00 250 5.72 5.66 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.41 0.71 0.78 24.52 0.03 2.31 2.34 2.11 2.14
P-218 MH-30 MH-216 30.00 57.23 1.09 8.00 7.95 250 5.66 5.54 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.51 0.79 0.78 24.52 0.04 2.34 2.41 2.14 2.21
P-219 MH-216 MH-215 30.00 60.58 1.09 7.95 7.80 250 5.54 5.42 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.51 0.79 0.78 24.52 0.04 2.41 2.38 2.21 2.18
P-220 MH-35 MH-34 15.00 65.60 1.09 7.47 7.45 250 5.30 5.24 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.51 0.79 0.78 24.52 0.04 2.17 2.21 1.97 2.01
P-221 MH-215 MH-35 30.00 63.94 1.09 7.80 7.47 250 5.42 5.30 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.51 0.79 0.78 24.52 0.04 2.38 2.17 2.18 1.97
P-222 MH-189 MH-190 30.00 70.58 1.09 7.56 6.97 250 5.18 5.06 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.51 0.79 0.78 24.52 0.04 2.38 1.91 2.18 1.71
P-223 MH-190 MH-174 30.00 73.91 1.09 6.97 6.51 250 5.06 4.94 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.51 0.79 0.78 24.52 0.04 1.91 1.57 1.71 1.37
P-224 MH-174 MH-175 30.00 79.62 1.09 6.51 6.20 250 4.94 4.82 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.51 0.79 0.78 24.52 0.04 1.57 1.38 1.37 1.18
P-225 MH-175 MH-191 30.00 82.95 1.09 6.20 6.04 250 4.82 4.70 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.51 0.79 0.78 24.52 0.04 1.38 1.34 1.18 1.14
P-226 MH-191 MH-142 30.00 89.77 1.48 6.04 5.95 250 4.70 4.58 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 0.84 0.78 24.52 0.06 1.34 1.37 1.14 1.17
P-227 MH-142 MH-19 27.00 92.82 1.48 5.95 5.86 250 4.58 4.47 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.62 0.84 0.78 24.52 0.06 1.37 1.39 1.17 1.19
P-228 MH-20 MH-19 12.00 85.97 2.93 5.82 5.86 360 -0.74 -0.78 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.75 0.86 0.75 37.04 0.08 6.56 6.64 6.31 6.39
P-229 MH-172 MH-20 30.00 83.76 2.54 5.73 5.82 360 -0.66 -0.74 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 6.39 6.56 6.14 6.31
P-230 MH-170 MH-172 30.00 80.43 2.54 5.63 5.73 360 -0.58 -0.66 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 6.21 6.39 5.96 6.14
P-231 MH-171 MH-170 30.00 77.10 2.54 5.54 5.63 360 -0.49 -0.58 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 6.03 6.21 5.78 5.96
P-232 MH-156 MH-171 30.00 73.77 2.54 5.51 5.54 360 -0.41 -0.49 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 5.92 6.03 5.67 5.78
P-233 MH-157 MH-156 30.00 70.44 2.54 5.46 5.51 360 -0.33 -0.41 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 5.79 5.92 5.54 5.67
P-234 MH-219 MH-157 30.00 67.12 2.54 5.31 5.46 360 -0.24 -0.33 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 5.55 5.79 5.30 5.54

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P-235 MH-218 MH-219 30.00 63.79 2.54 4.95 5.31 360 -0.16 -0.24 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 5.11 5.55 4.86 5.30
P-236 MH-207 MH-218 30.00 60.44 2.54 4.55 4.95 360 -0.08 -0.16 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 4.63 5.11 4.38 4.86
P-237 MH-6 MH-207 32.00 57.09 2.54 4.15 4.55 360 0.01 -0.08 250 RCC NP3 0.01 0.67 0.84 0.75 37.04 0.07 4.14 4.63 3.89 4.38
P-238 MH-182 MH-5 28.00 13.44 0.78 3.46 4.15 250 1.28 1.16 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.42 0.72 0.78 24.52 0.03 2.18 2.99 1.98 2.79
P-239 MH-96 MH-182 30.00 9.14 0.77 2.86 3.46 250 1.40 1.28 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.42 0.72 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.46 2.18 1.26 1.98
P-240 MH-211 MH-6 29.00 39.62 1.76 3.85 4.15 250 0.18 0.06 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.87 0.78 24.52 0.07 3.67 4.09 3.47 3.89
P-241 MH-166 MH-211 30.00 36.43 1.76 3.70 3.85 250 0.30 0.18 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.87 0.78 24.52 0.07 3.40 3.67 3.20 3.47
P-242 MH-167 MH-166 30.00 33.10 1.76 3.48 3.70 250 0.42 0.30 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.87 0.78 24.52 0.07 3.06 3.40 2.86 3.20
P-243 MH-214 MH-167 30.00 29.77 1.76 3.32 3.48 250 0.54 0.42 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.87 0.78 24.52 0.07 2.78 3.06 2.58 2.86
P-244 MH-168 MH-214 30.00 26.44 1.76 3.22 3.32 250 0.66 0.54 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.87 0.78 24.52 0.07 2.56 2.78 2.36 2.58
P-245 MH-169 MH-168 30.00 23.11 1.76 3.15 3.22 250 0.78 0.66 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.87 0.78 24.52 0.07 2.37 2.56 2.17 2.36
P-246 MH-196 MH-169 30.00 19.78 1.76 3.08 3.15 250 0.90 0.78 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.87 0.78 24.52 0.07 2.18 2.37 1.98 2.17
P-247 MH-91 MH-196 30.00 16.45 1.76 3.02 3.08 250 1.02 0.90 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.87 0.78 24.52 0.07 2.00 2.18 1.80 1.98
P-248 MH-64 MH-91 20.00 13.11 1.76 3.06 3.02 250 1.10 1.02 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.70 0.87 0.78 24.52 0.07 1.96 2.00 1.76 1.80
P-249 MH-75 MH-64 41.00 9.84 1.42 2.89 3.06 250 1.27 1.10 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.60 0.84 0.78 24.52 0.06 1.62 1.96 1.42 1.76
P-250 MH-220 MH-75 36.00 4.01 0.76 2.71 2.89 250 1.41 1.27 200 RCC NP3 0.01 0.41 0.72 0.78 24.52 0.03 1.30 1.62 1.10 1.42

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7.8.1.5. Sewage Pumping Stations

Type of strata and subsequent depth restriction on sewers will govern numbers and
locations of pumping stations. The collection system design will also provide the peak
flow and the level of the incoming sewer to the pumping station. A free board to be
provided below the invert of the lowest incoming sewer. In General, Sewage Pumping
Station comprises of the following units.

 Inlet Chamber

 Screen Chamber

 Wet Well

 Valve Chamber

7.8.1.5.1. Inlet Chamber

Flow from the upstream manhole will enter into the inlet chamber. Based on the
incoming flow and size of the incoming sewer, suitable size for inlet chamber is arrived
to cater peak flow.

7.8.1.5.2. Screen Chamber

Coarse Screen Channels are proposed in Sewage Pumping Stations. One Mechanical
Coarse Screen (Working) and one Manual Coarse Screen (Standby) shall be provided
in Coarse Screen Channels. Each Coarse Screen Channel shall be designed for 100% of
Peak Flow.
The clear opening shall be 20 mm for Mechanical Coarse Screen and 20 mm for Manual
Coarse Screen. The Mechanical and Manual Screens shall be made of SS 304 flats.
Conveyor Belt and Chute arrangement shall be provided to take the screenings.
Screenings dropped from Chute shall be collected in a wheel Barrow. Manually
operated CI Sluice Gates shall be provided at the upstream to regulate the flow.

Number of Units : 1 Mechanical + 1 Manual

Approach Velocity at Average Flow : 0.30 m/s
Velocity through Screen at Average Flow : 0.60 m/s max.
Velocity through Screen at Peak Flow : 1.20 m/s max.
Angle of Inclination for Mechanical Screen: 75 Degree
Angle of Inclination for Manual Screen : 45 Degree

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7.8.1.5.3. Wet Well

Sewage shall enter into Raw Sewage Sump (Wet Well) of the Pumping Station after
screening. It will be circular in shape. The capacity of the Wet Well will be such that
with any combination of inflow and pumping, the operating cycle for any Pump will
not be less than 5 minutes.
The Pumps will be submersible sewage Pumps, non-clog type design as per
specification. The number of pumps chosen should be in multiple of DWF with 50%
stand by capacity for intermediate peak flow.

7.8.1.5.4. Valve Chamber

Suitable size RCC valve chamber is provided to accommodate the delivery pipe valves
and associated fittings.

7.8.1.5.5. Pumping Main

Generally, pumping main alignment depends on the disposal point (relay pumping
station or treatment facility) and the shortest feasible alignment. The selected
alignment will be used to determine:

 the static head experienced by the pump

 the length of the pumping main

7.8.1.5.6. Pumping Main Profile

Wherever possible, the pumping main configuration shall ensure that the main rises
continuously from the pumping station to the discharge point. There will not be any
abrupt changes in gradient which encourage the entrapment of air resulting in a
reduced efficiency of pump operation.
Air valves on sewage pumping mains are prone to malfunctioning and are also a source
of odour nuisance. Consequently, high points on the pumping main will be avoided or
special air valves suitable for sewage applications shall be used.

7.8.1.5.7. Sewage Pumping Stations and Pumping Mains

Sewage Pumping Station is an RCC wet well to carry the average flows of ultimate
year. The outlet of sewer network of the low-lying area will be connected to the wet
well and a detention time is given about 5 min to arrive the storage capacity of well.
The sewage pumping station are proposed with inlet chamber, screen chamber, grit
chamber and wet well. Also, a suitable pumping mechanism is arranged using non-
clog, non-corrosive submersible sewage pumps with necessary back-up as per
guidelines. A pumping main of DI material is proposed to carry these sewage pumps
after pumping to the destination manhole.

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Table 7-42:: SPS and PM Summary

Average Pumping Main Discharge Location
SI No PS Name Flow Dia
(MLD) Length (m) Material Discharge Location
(mm)

1 SPS 1 1.62 250 700 DI - K9 MH-73 of CETP 1 Catchment

2 SPS 2 0.55 150 550 DI - K9 MH-253 of SPS 1 Catchment

7.8.1.6. Design Summary

An abstract of the proposed wastewater collection system for the entire area is tabulated below.
Table 7-43 : Details of the Wastewater Collection System
Item Value Unit
No of Zones 4
Length of gravity collection system 6.20 km
Diameter range for gravity sewers 200 to 450 mm
No of Pumping Stations 02 No’s
No of CETP 02 No’s
Capacity of CETP 1 2.99 MLD
Capacity of CETP 1 (say) 3 MLD
Capacity of CETP 2 1.47 MLD
Capacity of CETP 2 (say) 2 MLD

7.8.1.7. Cost Estimate Summary for Sewerage System

Packaging, Phasing and Costing of the Work
The Components viz. sewage collection network, sewage pumping stations, common effluent
treatment plant etc are included in the cost estimate.
The cost for Overall Sewerage system is 32.58 Crores as indicated in the Table 7-44 below.
Table 7-44 : Phase Wise Cost for Sewerage System

S. No Component Amount in Rupees

A Sewerage System:
Detailed Estimate for Providing and laying of sewer lines as per
1 36468157.00
drawings
Detailed Estimate for Pumping Main 150 mm and 250mm dia. DI K-9 in
2 6205091.00
length - 1250m
Detailed Estimate for Construction of Lift Station No. 1 including
3 6165349.00
Mechanical and Electrical works
Detailed Estimate for Construction of Lift Station No. 2 including
4 4216627.00
Mechanical and Electrical works
Construction of 2.00 MLD Capacity of Common effluent Treatment
5 150000000.00
Plant (CETP)
Construction of 3.00 MLD Capacity of Common effluent Treatment
6 225000000.00
Plant (CETP)
Sub Total - I 428055224.00
B GST

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7 Provision towards Works Contract GST @ 12% 51366627.00

Sub Total - II 479421851.00
C Other L.S provisions
8 Unforeseen items @ 2% 9588437.00
9 PS & Contingencies- @ 1.50% 7191328.00
10 Quality Control @ 0.75% 3595664.00
11 Price Escalation @ 5% 23971093.00
12 Tender Premium @ 5% and rounding off 23971093.00
Grand Total in Rs. 547739466.00
Grand Total in Lakhs 5477.39

Figure 7-15:Sewerage Network – 1

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Figure 7-16: Sewerage Network – 2

7.9. Common Effluent Treatment

7.9.1.1. Water Demand

HDPE and Ductile Iron (DI) pipes are recommended for distribution system. Refer to the table below
for details of the proposed distribution system.
The total water requirement includes potable, process, additional water for the horticulture and AC
cooling demand and firewater demand for the entire area is about 10.443 MLD as below.

Process water demand = 10.443 MLD

Potable water = 0.257 MLD

Excess water = 3.149 MLD

Fire water = 0.310 MLD

Distribution and transmission system have been efficiently managed, making unaccounted for Water
(UFW) and other water losses included.

7.9.1.2. Wastewater Types Quantification & Characterization

Wastewater that will be generated in the area can be broadly categorized into the following
categories:
1. Industrial Process Wastewaters which would essentially be process blow downs leakages
and drainages from pumps and process vessels, including boiler and cooling water blow
down
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2. Industrial Contaminated Storm Water: primarily runoffs from the industrial processing
area

3. Waste water from Communal / domestic activity including wastewater from

petrochemical park area.

The waste water generated from other areas of the petrochemical park area would be collected
and treated at the common facility.

7.9.1.3. Wastewater Collection

The above three types waste waters will be collected in closed underground drains and
conveyed to the proposed treatment facility by a network of gravity mains and pumped mains.
The wastewater collection has been dealt with in a separate section in report.

7.9.1.4. Wastewater Treatment Facilities

The proposed CETP would essentially be for proposed industries with capacity of 1 MLD and 3.5
MLD
i.) dry weather industrial wastewater and

ii.) the wet weather contaminated wastewater (primarily run off from open processing areas)

7.9.1.5. Industrial Process Wastewater Quantification and Characterization

Assessment of the volumes and pollutant loads from any industrial production facility or
processing facility particularly a refinery or a petrochemical unit is usually expressed in terms
of product throughput. The characterization of petrochemical wastewaters in terms of flow,
organic constituents and inorganic constituents are the basis for the design of the treatment
scheme and for operational control of the treatment facilities.
As at present the Industries have not constructed / established - the waste water is not
presently available whose quantity and quality could be estimated by measurement and
analysis., therefore to establish the waste water quantity and quality “dry study” method of
waste water quantification and quality assessment has been done. At this stage we presumed
about 80% of water supply shall be considered as effluent.

7.9.1.6. Wet weather contaminated wastewater Quantification and Characterization

The project area is a high rain fall area. Based on the assumption that the contaminated storm
water will generate from a processing area which will be about 6 % of the processing area
The waste water pollutant load in wet weather conditions has been considered as of the dry
weather concentrations
- 20 % the pollutant load for oils and hydrocarbons

- 10% of the pollutants load for dissolved pollutants like COD, phenols, sulphides, heavy
metals etc.

- 200 % of the pollutant load for suspended pollutants primarily suspended solids

On the above basis the wastewater has been quantified and its quality accessed - the detailed
analysis will be done next stage once more clarity on industrial type.

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Contaminated Industrial Storm Waste Quantity & Quality

Parameter Unit Concentration Range

Free Hydrocarbons - Oils mg/l 300 200-400

Emulsified Hydrocarbons mg/l 60 40-80

COD mg/l 400 200-500

BOD / COD Ratio 0.32 2.7 – 4.0

BOD mg/l 125 70-150

Suspended Solids mg/l 400 250- 500

Phenols mg/l 40 20-50

Sulphide mg/l 15 10-20

Ammonia mg/l 15 10-20

Heavy Metals mg/l 10 5 - 15

Cyanide mg/l 1.5 0.8 - 2

pH 7.5 - 9.0

7.9.1.7. Domestic wastewater Quantification and Characterization

In addition to the above communal activity’s wastewater generated at the petrochemical
industrial unit’s offices, wash rooms canteens etc would be connected to the dome’s tin
wastewater collection line and its quantity has been considered in the quantification and
characterization analysis.
Domestic Wastewater Quantity & Quality

Flow m3/day 8,000

Average Hourly Flow m3/hr 400
Peak flow / Average Flow 2.5
Peak Hourly flow m3/hr 1,000

Parameter Unit Concentration Range

BOD mg/l 250 150- 300

BOD / COD Ratio 1.6 1.5 – 2.8

COD mg/l 400 250-500

Fats Oil & Grease mg/l 20 10-25

Total Suspended Solids mg/l 250 150- 300

VSS/ TSS % 60 55 – 65

VSS mg/l 150 1000 200

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TKN mg/l 40 35- 45

NH4 – N mg/l 30 25-35

pH 7.5 – 8.5

7.9.1.8. Treated Wastewater Quality Standards

The objective of the Combined Wastewater treatment facility for Industrial Process Wastewater and
for Contaminated Industrial Wastewater is treat the waste water conforming to the standards
specified Environmental (Protection Rules),1986 Schedule -VI (refer Rule 3A) General Standards for
Discharge of Industrial Effluents Schedule VI Column 3 (d) suitable for discharge into Marine Costal
areas (as specified in below Table). These standards are having a higher oil & grease, BOD, TKN,
Sulphide and Phenolic compounds limit than the standards conforming to Column 3 (a) for inland
Surface Waters which have a stricter limit.
It is likely that the State Pollution Control Board could insist for treatment conforming to standards as
specified in Colum 3 (a) in which case a second stage biological treatment capable of nitrification and
denitrification will be required.
The scheme propose has been so designed that the second treatment facility can be added or not
added as per the requirement of the State Pollution Control Board.
Industrial Wastewater (Process & Contaminated Storm Water) Quality Standards
Environmental (Protection) Rules),1986 Schedule -VI (refer Rule 3A)
GENERAL STANDARDS FOR DISCHARGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFLUENTS
Standards
S No Parameter Inland Public Land for Marine
Surface Sewers Irrigation Coastal
Waters Areas
(1) (2) (3)
(a) (b) ( c) (d)
1 Colour &Odour
2 Suspended Solids mg/l - Max. 100 600
3 Particular size of Suspended Shall pass -
Solids 850-micron
sieve
4 pH 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0
5 Temperature shall not - - shall not
exceed 5 C exceed 5 C
above the above the
receiving receiving
water water
temperatur temperatur
e e
6 Oil & grease mg/l Max 10 20 10 20
7 Total residual Chlorine mg/l Max 1.0 - - 1.0
8 Ammoniacal Nitrogen (as N), 50 50 - 50
mg/l Max.
9 Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen (as N), 100 - - 100
mg/l Max.

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10 Free Ammonia (as NH3) mg/l 5.0 - - 5.0

Max.
11 BOD 5 day at 20 deg C, mg/l Max. 30 350 100 100
12 COD, mg/l Max. 250 - - 250
13 Arsenic (as AS) mg/l max. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
14 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l max. 0.01 0.01 - 0.01
15 Lead (as Pb) mg/l max. 0.1 1.0 - 2.0
16 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l max. 2.0 1.0 - 2.0
17 +6
Hexavalent Chromium (as Cr )) 0.1 2.0 - 2.0
mg/l Max.
18 Total Chromium (as Cr +3) mg/l 2.0 2.0 - 2.0
Max.
19 Copper (as Cu) mg/l Max. 3.0 3.0 - 3.0
20 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l Max. 5.0 15.0 - 15.0
21 Selenium (asSe) mg/l Max 0.05 0.05 - 0.05
22 Nickel (as Ni) mg/l Max. 3.0 3.0 - 3.0
23 Cyanide (as CN) mg/l Max. 0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2
24 Fluoride (as F) mg/l Max. 2.0 15.0 - 15.0
25 Dissolved Phosphates (as P), 5.0 - - -
mg/l Max.
26 Sulphide (as S) mg/l Max. 2.0 - - 5.0
27 Phenolic compounds (as 1.0 5.0 - 5.0
C6H5OH) mg/l
28 Radioactive Materials:
(a) Alpha emitters (micro curies / 10-7 10-7 10-8 10-7
ml)
(b) Betta emitters (micro curies / 10-6 10-6 10-6 10-6
ml)
29 Bio Assay test 90% survival 90% 90% survival 90%
of fish after survival of of fish after survival of
96 hours in fish after 96 hours in fish after
100 % 96 hours in 100 % 96 hours in
effluent 100 % effluent 100 %
effluent effluent
30 Manganese as Mn) mg/l 2.0 2.0 - 2.0
31 Iron as Fe) mg/l 3.0 3.0 - 3.0
32 Vnadium (as V) mg/l 0.2 0.2 - 0.2
33 Nitrate Nitrogen (as N) mg/l 10.0 - - 20.0

Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant is to be treated to a water quality as good as raw water. In
India at the present juncture there are no formal standards for reuse of previously used water,
however there are standards for discharge of treated wastewater into nalas / water bodies.
Domestic wastewater shall to be treated and discharged conforming to the following standards if
being discharged into inland surface waters
- pH 5.5 to 9.0
- Suspended Solids less than 30 mg/l

- Oil & grease less than 10 mg/ l

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- BOD 5 day at 20 deg C, less than 20 mg/l

- Fecal Coliforms less than 10,000 # /100 ml

For water reuse generally, the guidelines laid down by US EPA would be followed. The abstract of the
same is attached as Exhibit –I. The standards are based on the use of water and recommend a water
quality as well as levels of treatment. The standards recommended for non-direct human water use
such as unrestricted landscape irrigation including toilet flushing would be secondary treatment
followed by disinfection and tertiary treatment i.e. physico chemical flocculation and filtration to
achieve the quality standards specified in below table.
Table - Domestic Wastewater Quality Standards for reuse
- pH 6.5 to 9.0
- Suspended Solids less than 2 mg/l
- Turbidity less than 2 NTU
- BOD 5 day at 20 deg C, less than 10 mg/l
- Fecal Coliforms Not detectable # /100 ml
- Residual Chlorine at least 1.0 mg/l

The standards and treatment requirement would be different if the water is to be used industrial reuse
then softening or demineralization would be required.
The domestic wastewater treatment plant shall be designed for achieving the quality.

7.9.1.9. Wastewater Treatment Scheme: Process & Contaminated Storm Wastewater

The waste water treatment scheme and the salient features of the scheme are as presented
below.

7.9.1.10. Wastewater Treatment Scheme Design Basis

The typical process flow diagram is as follows;

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Typical treatment scheme for Dry and Wet Weather Industrial Wastewater:

7.9.1.11. Industrial Process & Contaminated Storm wastewater

The Industrial process wastewater and contaminated waste water shall have the following
treatment steps with the conceptual design basis
S No Unit Process / Operation Industrial Process Wastewater
1 Waste Water Flow in 3.5 MLD & 1 MLD
m3/day
2 Screens with a clear For peak flow 2 Nos Mechanically, cleaned screens
opening of 5 mm + 1 number manually cleaned as stand by

3 Gravity oil separators 3 Nos gravity separators designed for a flow of 5 mld
designed to remove oil of
free oil 150 microns (the
gravity separator shall be
designed as per guidelines
of API Manual)
4 Flow equalisation Capacity = 1 day’s flow
designed as 2 number equal capacity earthen basins
lined with impermeable membranes and with slow
speed submersible mixers for mixing the material
and with variable level oil skimmers
5 TPI / CPI Oil separators to 3 Nos TPI / Laminar oil water separators
remove oil of up to 50
microns

6 Mixed Flow Equalisation Flow equalization tank for wet & dry weather flow
Tank
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S No Unit Process / Operation Industrial Process Wastewater

designed as 2 number equal capacity earthen basins
lined with impermeable membranes and with slow
speed submersible mixers for mixing the material
and with variable level oil skimmers
7.1 Chemical Oxidation of Three (3) streams each capable of treating up
Sulphides to Sulphates & i.) Reaction Tank –I with pH control with dosing of
Phenols & Cyanides H2O2, FeSO4, acid
oxidation using Hydrogen ii.) Reaction Tank II with pH control and dosing of
Peroxide with Iron as a lime/NaOH
Catalyst {Fentons Reagent} iii.) Dosing system for H2O2, FeSO4, acid, and
lime/NaOH
iv.) Flocculation Tank
v.) Gravity Settling Tank Clarifier
The wastewater quality after Chemical Oxidation &
Clarification will have the following Quality
7.2 Waste Water Quality after In Dry Weather Flow conditions
PCT COD of 2000 – 2500 mg/l
and
8 Chemical Sludge Collection Sludge collection and retention in a tank with a
Thickening and dewatering storage capacity of 8 hours with mixing
Transfer to Gravity Sludge Thickener
Dewatering of Thickened Sludge by mechanical
means using a chamber filter press or a solid bowl
centrifuge.
The mechanical sludge dewatering will be designed
so as to dewater the complete chemical sludge
generated in a day in a maximum of 16 operating
hours
9 Fixed Film up flow Designed for the dry weather flowand a COD load of
Anaerobic Bio Reactor 2000 mg/l
There will be two 50 % dry weather flow Anaerobic
Fixed Film bio reactors
The in the anaerobic reactor the COD reduction will
be approx. 60 % to 70 %
Bio gas essentially CO2 + CH4 mixture will be one of
the end products of treatment
10.1 Buffer tank after Anaerobic Buffer tank with aeration and mixing faith a
Reactor feeding the Aerobic hydraulic retention time of 3 hrs at wet weather
Reactors flow
10.2 Wastewater Quality after In Dry Weather Flow conditions
Anaerobic treatment in COD of 800 – 1000 mg/l
buffer tank and
BOD of 250 -400 mg/l
11,1 Aerobic Bio Reactor Provide two streams of Aerobic Fixed Film
Stage –I Treatment with each stream capable of operating
with either a MBBR (Moving between 50 % to 100 % of design flow. The system
bed Bio Reactor) or will comprise of
High Rate bio filter with i.) Bio Reactor with Media with feed distributor
random filled media in case of Bio Filter

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S No Unit Process / Operation Industrial Process Wastewater

Both MBBR & Bio Filter are ii.) Or MBBR with media, aeration system &
with fixed film organisms blowers
are more suited to iii.) Gravity clarifier
wastewater containing iv.) Effluent / Sludge Recirculation as required by
organics, phenols and technology
sulphides v.) Excess sludge removal mechanism &
accessories

11.2 Wastewater Quality after After the Fixed film Biological treatment, the
Aerobic Stage –I wastewater will meet the treatment standards
for costal water discharge ie with a
Oil & Grease: less than 20 mg/l
BOD: less than 100 mg/l
COD: less than 250 mg/l
Phenols: less than 5 mg/l
However, as mention in chapter 4 in case standards
conforming to column 3 (a) have to be achieved i.e.
Oil & Grease: less than 10 mg/l
BOD: less than 30 mg/l
COD: less than 250 mg/l
Phenols: less than 2 mg/l
Then a second stage biological treatment will be
required
12 Aerobic Bio Reactor Stage – The SBR will have a hydraulic retention time of to
II achieve the required standards with Nitrification &
Proposal is a Sequential Bio denitrification the units in a SBR will comprise of
Reactor (SBR) with i.) Bio reactor tanks 3 numbers
automatic control ii.) Aeration with diffusers & Blowers
SBR is being selected iii.) Submersible mixer / excess sludge
because of better process recirculation and associated pumps as per
control and its ability to technology
operate at all flow The wastewater after the second stage biological
conditions and nitrification treatment will conform to the following quality
as well as denitrification can Oil & Grease: less than 10 mg/l
occur in the same reactor BOD: less than 10 mg/l
The SBR will generate high Suspended Solids less than 10 mg/l
quality of treated effluent COD: less than 250 mg/l
as compared to Phenols: less than 2 mg/l

13 Disinfection Using UV with residual chlorination is proposed, in

case the treated wastewater is to be used or the
State Pollution Control so requires that the treated
wastewater be disinfected prior to disposal
14 Excess Biological Sludge The excess bio sludge from the Anaerobic reactor
Collection Thickening and Aerobic Reactor –I and Aerobic Reactor –II Sludge
dewatering collection and retention in a tank with a storage
capacity of 8 hours with mixing
Transfer to Gravity Sludge Thickener
Dewatering of Thickened Sludge belt filter press
screw press or a solid bowl centrifuge.
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S No Unit Process / Operation Industrial Process Wastewater

The mechanical sludge dewatering will be designed
so as to dewater the complete chemical sludge
generated in a day in a maximum of 16 operating
hours
The excess bio sludge can be used as organic
manure
15 Slop Oil The Slop Oil collected from the various sources
- Gravity oil water separator
- Equalization Tanks
- TPI / Laminar Separators
Will be collected in localized sumps / collection
tanks and then transferred to a slop oil tank. The
collected oil can be sent for reprocessing.

7.9.1.12. Utilities & Residuals: Chemicals (dry & wet weather flow conditions)
- H2O2

- Acid (HCl / H2So4)

- Ferrous Sulphate:
- Lime (85 to 90 % pure)

- Polyelectrolyte

ii.) Residuals
- Slop Oil (with 80-90 % water)

- Chemical Sludge dewatered & trackable

- Excess Biological Sludge dewatered & trackable;

Table 7-45: Secondary treatment: Domestic Waste Water Treatment

ASP (Extended SBR MBBR MBR

Aeration)
BOD as mg/l < 20 < 10 < 10 <5

TSS as mg/l < 30 < 10 < 20 <2

Turbidity as NTU < 20 < 10 < 20 <2

Denitrification 60 % 60 – 70 % 60 – 70 % 60 – 70 %

The above typical figures are those commonly achievable for the above-mentioned technologies
without any additional tertiary treatment like chemical aided clarification chlorination or filtration. As
it is intended to reuse the treated water, we would recommend the SBR technology considering its
distinct advantages offered by the SBR. The Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) is an activated sludge
process designed to operate under non-steady state conditions. An SBR operates in a true batch mode
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with aeration and sludge settlement both occurring in the same tank. The major differences between
SBR and conventional continuous-flow, activated sludge system is that the SBR tank carries out the
functions of equalization aeration and sedimentation in a time sequence rather than in the
conventional space sequence of continuous-flow systems. In addition, the SBR system can be designed
with the ability to treat a wide range of influent volumes whereas the continuous system is based
upon a fixed influent flowrate. Therefore, there is a degree of flexibility associated with working in a
time rather than in a space sequence
SBRs produce sludges with good settling properties providing the influent wastewater is admitted into
the aeration in a controlled manner. Controls range from a simplified float and timer-based system
with a PLC to a PC based SCADA system using either flow proportional aeration or dissolved oxygen-
controlled aeration to reduce aeration to reduce energy consumption and enhance the selective
pressures for BOD, nutrient removal, and control of filaments microbes. An appropriately designed
SBR process is a unique combination of equipment and software. Working with automated control
reduces the number of operators required:
SBR reactors require a few equipment’s namely;
1. Inlet controls
2. Diffused aeration with power saving based on feed quantity and DO level
3. Submersible mixers & sludge recirculation, excess sludge withdrawal pumps
4. Decanter for decanting the treated water
5. PCL for controlling the sequence in a time space with interlocks to level and dissolved oxygen

i.) Tertiary Treatment

All secondary technologies listed above will need

Disinfection: for reduction of pathogens all technologies will need a dose of Chlorine
as a tertiary treatment. recommended is dosing of Sodium hypo chlorite
Polishing: In case the water is to be polished for TSS reduction & Turbidity reduction
then
ASP (Extended Aeration), SBR and MBBR will need filtration after secondary treatment.
However, MBR will not need any filtration system.
ii.) Dewatering of Residuals:

All technologies will need a dewatering system to dewater the biological treatment process
residuals i.e. excess sludge.
The recommended is Mechanical sludge dewatering using a centrifuge with some stand by
sludge dewatering beds 2 numbers for use as stand by.

7.9.1.13. Utilities & Residuals: Domestic Wastewater Treatment

The Industrial Process & Contaminated Storm Water treatment facility will require
i.) Electricity

- Connected Load: 350-400 KVA

- Operating Power: 4000 KWHr / day
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The electric load does not include power for pumping of raw effluent any pumped disposal
of the same

ii.) Chemicals (at average dry & wet weather flow conditions)

- Hypo (Sodium Hypo Chlorite) 1000 l litres / day

- Polyelectrolyte 3 to 4 Kg/day

iii.) Residuals

- Screenings 120-150 kgs per day

- Dewatered Grit 80-100 Kgs / day

- Excess Biological Sludge dewatered & trackable;

1.5 Tons as Dry solids / day
iv.) Operation & Maintenance Manpower

About 3 persons will be needed to be deployed in the operation and maintenance. This
number is with a high level of automatic controls. The level of automation needs to be
discussed with the end user

7.10. Contaminated Storm Water

7.10.1. Design Criteria

7.10.1.1. Rainfall and run-off

The intensity of rainfall for the design of the storm water drainage network has been determined
considering the historical meteorological conditions. The design has been based on analysis of the
rainfall pattern and its distribution with respect to time and intensity. The critical parameters that
have been considered with respect to the rainfall include frequency distribution, depth and duration.
The standards and norms of the central soil and water conservation research and training institute are
analyzed as per the requirement.

7.10.1.2. Co-efficient of Runoff

The co-efficient of runoff is the factor of different types of land use. Based on the permeability of the
type of land use the value of C can be decided. So, higher the permeability of the land, lower the C
value and vice versa. Though the wetted C value for multiple land use is resulted to Min 0.205 and
Max 0.558, keeping in view the gradient of the land for entire project area.

7.10.1.3. Imperviousness
The percentage of drainage area can be obtained from the records of a particular drainage basin or
City. In the absence of such data, standards can be followed.
Based on the land use, adopted coefficient of imperviousness for various land use of this project is
given in the below Table.

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7.10.1.4. Time of Concentration

Time of concentration is made up of inlet time, the period required to establish run-off and for water
to flow from the most distant point in the drainage area to the drain, and time of flow in the drain.
The latter is readily estimated by hydraulic computations. Inlet time is sometimes the most important
factor in determining the probable run-off particularly in small districts or in fairly large districts with
steep slopes.
Time of concentration (Tc) is computed for each catchment to calculate the intensity of rainfall for
that catchment. The initial time of concentration calculated based on Kirpich formula.
Ti = 0.0078 (L)^0.77/s^0.385
Where, L= Flow length in feet and
s = Slope of catchment.
Ti = 0.01947 (L^3/H) ^0.385
Where L = Flow length in m and
H= Elevation difference between catchment start point & drain inlet in m.

7.10.1.5. Storm Water Discharge (Q)

The storm water flow discharge has been determined by using the rational method.
Q = 10 C I A
Where Q = storm runoff in m3/hr
C = runoff co-efficient
I = intensity of the rainfall in mm/hr
A = area of the drainage district in hectares
Manning’s formula is adopted for the design of Storm Water Drainage system.
1 2 / 3 1/ 2
V  R S
n
Q = AxV
Where, V = Velocity in m/sec at partial flow condition
n = Manning’s Roughness coefficient
R = Hydraulic Radius (m)
S = Slope of Hydraulic Gradient
Q = Flow rate in cumecs
A = Cross sectional Area of pipe in sq. m.

7.10.1.6. Free Board

The free board would vary from 0.1 m to 0.9 m depending on the size and type of drain.

7.10.2. Drainage Network

Design Scheme
The total length of drainage network for entire network area is worked out to be 4.87 km. The below
table gives the details of the design outcomes /salient features of the entire storm water network,
road crossings and cross drainage works.

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Table 7-46: Drain size and its length Details

Sl.No Pipe Dia Length (m)
(mm)
1 200 2113
2 250 433
3 300 811
4 400 584
5 500 925
6 600 9
Total 4875

Table 7-47: Contaminated Storm Water Details

Description Value Unit
Total area of the catchment 2.25 HA
Total Length of Contaminated Storm Water Drainage system 4.88 Km
No of CETP’S proposed 2 Nos
CETP-1 flow 31.88 MLD
CETP-2 flow 16.34 MLD
No of Pipe Drain Sizes used 06 Nos

7.10.3. Cost summary for Contaminated Storm Water System

S.No Component Amount
A Contaminated Storm Water System
1
Detailed Estimate for Contaminated Storm water network system. 3,28,45,472
Detailed Estimate for Pumping Main 400mm dia. DI K-9 in length -
2 25,99,238
550m
Detailed Estimate for Construction of Lift Station No. 1 including
3 80,41,683
Mechanical and Electrical works
Construction of 26.00 MLD Capacity of Common effluent Treatment
4 15,60,00,000
Plant
Construction of 9.00 MLD Capacity of Common effluent Treatment
5 5,40,00,000
Plant
Sub Total - I 25,34,86,393
B GST
6 Provision towards Works Contract GST @ 12% 3,04,18,367
Sub Total - II 28,39,04,760
C Other L.S provisions
7 Unforeseen items @ 2% 56,78,095
8 PS & Contingencies- @ 1.50% 42,58,571
9 Quality Control @ 0.75% 21,29,286
10 Price Escalation @ 5% 1,41,95,238
11 Tender Premium @ 5% and rounding off 1,41,95,238
Grand Total in Rs. 32,43,61,188
Grand Total in Lakhs 3243.61

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Table 7-48: Hydraulic Statement for Contaminated Stormwater

Elevat Elevat
Lengt Inve Inv Depth
ion ion Cover Slope
h rt ert Size (Nor Veloc
Start Stop Groun Groun (Avera (Calcula
(Scal (Sta (Sto (Displ mal) / ity
Node Node d d ge) ted)
ed) rt) p) ay) Rise (m/s)
(Start) (Stop) (m) (1/S)
(m) (m) (m) (%)
(m) (m)
MH- 5.4 600
MH-1 21 7.48 6.79 5.51 1.06 54.90 300 1.69
47 4 mm
MH- 23.1 23. 200
MH-3 30 24.13 23.97 0.75 44.80 186 0.95
102 8 02 mm
22.9 22. 200
MH-3 MH-4 4 23.97 23.96 0.83 60.00 250 0.92
4 93 mm
MH- 22.6 22. 400
MH-4 24 23.90 23.96 0.89 69.60 670 0.93
104 5 62 mm
MH- 1.4 300
MH-5 28 3.39 4.05 1.55 1.90 65.40 450 0.92
182 9 mm
1.4 300
MH-5 MH-6 5 4.05 4.11 1.49 2.30 65.10 450 0.92
8 mm
MH- 1.0 500
MH-6 29 3.79 4.11 1.07 2.39 54.60 830 0.90
211 4 mm
22.7 22. 300
MH-9 MH-7 6 23.87 23.79 0.77 67.10 200 1.40
8 74 mm
22.6 22. 400
MH-7 MH-8 6 23.79 24.09 0.90 60.00 670 0.89
4 64 mm
MH- 22.8 22. 300
MH-9 7 24.09 23.87 0.84 67.20 200 1.40
10 5 82 mm
MH- MH- 23.1 23. 300
23 24.64 24.09 0.97 67.40 200 1.40
97 10 5 04 mm
MH- MH- 22.3 22. 400
9 28.30 28.50 5.71 57.70 670 0.88
12 11 0 28 mm
MH- MH- 27.2 27. 500
9 29.22 28.50 1.09 44.20 300 1.37
13 11 8 25 mm
MH- MH- 22.3 22. 400
30 27.75 28.30 5.31 58.00 670 0.88
186 12 4 30 mm
MH- MH- 28.0 27. 500
24 30.27 29.22 1.24 44.20 300 1.37
81 13 4 97 mm
MH- MH- 24.5 24. 200
30 25.74 25.25 0.89 42.90 150 1.03
176 16 0 30 mm
MH- MH- 24.2 24. 200
12 25.25 25.08 0.80 42.70 150 1.03
16 17 0 13 mm
MH- MH- 0.7 500
12 5.75 5.78 0.71 4.56 75.40 830 0.98
20 19 0 mm
MH- MH- 4.7 250
27 5.87 5.78 4.87 0.75 66.50 320 0.97
142 19 8 mm
MH- MH- 4.8 200
8 5.80 5.75 4.85 0.75 60.10 150 1.19
49 20 0 mm
MH- MH- 0.7 500
30 5.65 5.75 0.75 4.47 66.20 830 0.96
172 20 1 mm

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MH- 4.7 200

MH-3 23 5.80 5.75 4.85 0.77 31.40 250 0.68
20 6 mm
MH- MH- 1.7 200
23 2.80 2.79 1.85 0.79 54.10 250 0.89
15 21 6 mm
MH- MH- 1.7 250
11 2.79 2.79 1.79 0.77 64.90 360 0.91
83 21 6 mm
MH- MH- 28.5 28. 200
12 30.14 29.39 1.08 36.70 150 0.96
23 22 2 44 mm
MH- MH- 28.6 28. 200
25 30.44 29.39 1.19 44.70 150 1.06
116 22 1 44 mm
MH- MH- 28.3 28. 200
30 29.77 29.39 1.12 64.60 250 0.94
84 22 3 21 mm
MH- MH- 22.0 21. 600
30 27.07 25.86 3.87 61.90 1,000 0.97
195 24 1 98 mm
MH- MH- 21.9 21. 600
12 25.86 25.36 3.04 61.80 1,000 0.97
24 25 8 96 mm
MH- MH- 7.1 200
15 8.20 8.20 7.25 0.78 32.00 250 0.69
70 26 9 mm
MH- MH- 25.4 25. 300
13 26.90 26.48 0.93 61.80 200 1.36
29 28 9 43 mm
MH- MH- 26.0 25. 200
15 28.65 26.90 1.57 35.20 150 0.94
61 29 5 95 mm
MH- MH- 26.1 25. 200
25 28.15 26.90 1.29 37.50 150 0.97
121 29 2 95 mm
MH- MH- 26.0 25. 250
30 27.89 26.90 1.17 67.50 200 1.24
184 29 5 90 mm
MH- MH- 6.1 200
13 7.96 7.93 6.16 1.61 69.50 250 0.96
31 30 1 mm
MH- MH- 5.6 200
15 6.69 7.93 5.74 1.40 53.30 250 0.88
46 30 8 mm
MH- MH- 6.1 200
30 7.94 7.96 6.29 1.52 69.90 250 0.96
149 31 6 mm
MH- MH- 28.4 28. 200
14 29.40 29.54 0.85 64.90 250 0.94
33 32 5 39 mm
MH- MH- 5.3 250
15 7.45 7.45 5.37 1.85 71.90 360 0.93
35 34 3 mm
MH- MH- 5.3 250
30 7.73 7.45 5.46 1.92 72.30 360 0.94
215 35 7 mm
MH- MH- 26.4 26. 200
15 28.96 27.25 1.55 27.60 150 0.82
37 36 0 30 mm
MH- MH- 24.5 24. 300
18 27.29 27.25 2.43 59.90 450 0.90
88 36 6 52 mm
MH- MH- 6.9 200
15 7.99 7.99 7.04 0.78 34.30 250 0.72
39 38 8 mm
MH- MH- 6.7 200
21 8.03 7.99 6.82 1.03 44.30 250 0.81
71 38 4 mm
MH- MH- 20.3 20. 200
15 21.27 21.26 0.77 43.10 250 0.80
138 40 2 26 mm
MH- MH- 20.0 19. 600
41 22.93 21.26 1.52 42.90 300 1.52
206 40 5 91 mm

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MH- MH- 25.3 25. 200

15 26.34 26.34 0.78 51.00 250 0.87
43 42 9 33 mm
MH- MH- 24.2 24. 300
28 26.45 26.34 1.88 68.70 450 0.94
143 42 5 18 mm
MH- MH- 6.8 200
11 7.87 7.87 6.92 0.77 32.30 250 0.69
45 44 8 mm
MH- MH- 6.4 200
23 7.87 7.87 6.50 1.22 57.80 250 0.91
98 44 0 mm
MH- MH- 6.4 200
15 7.48 7.48 6.53 0.78 55.10 250 0.89
48 47 7 mm
MH- MH- 6.1 600
36 8.89 7.48 6.25 1.39 53.40 300 1.67
193 47 3 mm
MH- MH- 17.0 16. 200
25 21.15 17.87 2.30 37.60 150 0.97
139 50 9 92 mm
MH- MH- 16.6 16. 600
35 18.91 17.87 1.21 43.90 300 1.54
204 50 4 52 mm
MH- MH- 25.6 25. 200
15 26.63 26.63 0.78 32.00 250 0.69
54 53 8 62 mm
MH- MH- 24.3 24. 300
31 26.80 26.63 2.07 64.10 450 0.92
217 53 8 31 mm
MH- MH- 26.5 26. 200
4 29.78 27.44 1.91 28.30 150 0.83
57 56 1 49 mm
MH- MH- 26.7 26. 200
35 28.69 27.44 1.26 44.90 150 1.06
161 56 2 49 mm
MH- MH- 28.2 28. 200
15 29.93 29.10 1.12 36.20 150 0.95
59 58 5 15 mm
MH- MH- 33.8 33. 200
5 34.84 34.84 0.76 40.80 250 0.78
63 62 9 87 mm
MH- MH- 2.1 200
9 3.16 3.16 2.21 0.77 65.00 250 0.94
65 64 7 mm
MH- MH- 1.4 400
41 3.04 3.16 1.51 1.21 69.00 670 0.93
75 64 5 mm
MH- MH- 29.9 29. 200
5 30.91 30.91 0.76 31.10 250 0.68
67 66 6 94 mm
MH- MH- 30.1 29. 200
21 31.70 30.91 1.07 35.10 150 0.93
94 66 1 96 mm
MH- MH- 27.2 27. 200
15 28.91 28.06 1.13 23.70 150 0.75
69 68 1 11 mm
MH- MH- 27.3 27. 200
34 28.61 28.06 0.91 36.00 150 0.95
151 68 3 11 mm
MH- MH- 7.0 200
15 8.03 8.03 7.08 0.78 30.30 250 0.67
72 71 2 mm
MH- MH- 6.8 200
33 8.08 8.03 6.95 0.97 31.50 250 0.68
154 71 2 mm
MH- MH- 31.1 31. 200
15 32.12 33.40 1.42 27.80 250 0.64
74 73 7 11 mm
MH- MH- 1.9 300
10 3.04 3.04 1.99 0.76 61.00 450 0.90
76 75 7 mm
MH- MH- 1.6 300
36 2.75 3.04 1.70 0.94 66.20 450 0.93
220 75 1 mm

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MH- MH- 30.8 30. 500

31 33.40 32.92 1.86 56.80 830 0.91
73 77 1 78 mm
MH- MH- 29.9 29. 200
15 30.89 32.92 1.79 40.90 250 0.78
78 77 4 88 mm
MH- MH- 29.0 29. 500
16 30.93 30.27 1.05 44.20 300 1.37
82 81 7 02 mm
MH- MH- 29.5 29. 500
30 32.02 30.93 1.45 60.00 830 0.93
173 82 4 51 mm
MH- MH- 28.3 28. 200
17 29.54 29.77 1.10 64.80 250 0.94
32 84 9 33 mm
MH- MH- 25.7 25. 200
36 27.08 26.50 0.92 43.30 150 1.04
198 85 9 55 mm
MH- MH- 25.3 25. 200
17 26.50 26.22 0.83 43.10 150 1.04
85 86 9 27 mm
MH- 22.6 22. 400
MH-8 18 24.09 24.42 1.23 60.00 670 0.89
87 4 61 mm
MH- MH- 24.6 24. 300
30 27.28 27.29 2.39 60.20 450 0.90
122 88 3 56 mm
MH- MH- 22.0 22. 600
19 28.50 28.85 6.00 62.20 1,000 0.97
11 89 8 07 mm
MH- MH- 1.3 500
20 3.16 3.04 1.35 1.26 56.80 830 0.91
64 91 3 mm
MH- MH- 22.8 22. 400
21 23.99 23.92 0.75 51.70 300 1.26
93 92 3 77 mm
MH- MH- 22.9 22. 200
18 23.92 23.92 0.78 34.50 250 0.72
119 92 7 90 mm
MH- MH- 22.9 22. 400
30 24.18 23.99 0.80 51.80 300 1.26
105 93 4 84 mm
MH- MH- 30.9 30. 200
29 32.78 31.70 1.19 35.20 150 0.94
148 94 5 75 mm
MH- MH- 27.9 27. 250
21 29.39 28.87 0.96 68.00 200 1.24
22 95 7 87 mm
MH- MH- 1.6 300
18 2.79 2.79 1.66 0.85 66.00 450 0.93
21 96 2 mm
MH- MH- 23.8 23. 200
25 26.26 24.64 1.48 35.90 150 0.95
132 97 6 69 mm
MH- MH- 23.7 23. 300
30 25.50 24.64 1.11 61.50 200 1.36
183 97 4 59 mm
MH- MH- 6.5 200
30 7.93 7.87 6.62 1.15 58.10 250 0.91
179 98 0 mm
MH- MH- 23.3 23. 400
23 24.76 24.60 0.94 62.60 670 0.90
100 99 6 33 mm
MH- MH- 23.4 23. 400
30 24.96 24.76 1.08 62.90 670 0.91
124 100 0 36 mm
MH- MH- 23.6 23. 200
30 24.68 24.36 0.81 42.50 150 1.03
187 101 1 41 mm
MH- MH- 23.3 23. 200
24 24.36 24.13 0.78 42.30 150 1.03
101 102 4 18 mm
MH- MH- 22.7 22. 400
30 23.92 23.90 0.83 69.90 670 0.93
92 104 0 65 mm

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MH- MH- 23.2 23. 200

18 24.18 24.18 0.80 30.70 185 0.78
106 105 3 14 mm
MH- MH- 23.1 23. 400
30 24.39 24.18 0.80 50.10 300 1.25
150 105 3 03 mm
MH- MH- 25.9 25. 200
10 26.95 26.82 0.78 31.40 150 0.88
108 107 4 87 mm
MH- MH- 23.8 23. 400
31 26.77 26.82 2.56 53.10 670 0.85
158 107 6 81 mm
MH- MH- 15.1 14. 600
64 17.87 16.29 1.43 45.00 300 1.56
50 110 6 94 mm
MH- MH- 15.1 15. 400
25 16.29 16.29 0.77 67.40 670 0.92
111 110 4 10 mm
MH- 22.9 23. 200
MH-3 19 23.97 23.97 0.79 31.50 -250 0.68
112 4 02 mm
MH- MH- 24.3 24. 200
17 25.27 25.27 0.78 30.60 250 0.67
115 114 2 26 mm
MH- MH- 23.5 23. 400
30 25.49 25.27 1.49 58.80 670 0.89
153 114 2 47 mm
MH- MH- 23.5 23. 200
17 24.60 24.60 0.78 31.80 -250 0.69
99 118 8 65 mm
MH- MH- 26.3 26. 250
25 27.31 27.28 0.77 54.50 360 0.86
123 122 1 24 mm
MH- MH- 24.8 24. 200
31 27.05 27.28 2.18 62.20 250 0.93
177 122 5 73 mm
MH- MH- 23.4 23. 400
45 25.27 24.96 1.28 60.90 670 0.90
114 124 7 40 mm
MH- MH- 24.0 23. 200
16 24.97 24.96 0.78 30.40 250 0.67
125 124 2 95 mm
MH- MH- 24.7 24. 200
17 25.69 25.82 0.85 27.80 250 0.64
129 128 4 67 mm
MH- MH- 23.6 23. 400
39 26.22 25.82 2.03 57.30 670 0.88
212 128 2 56 mm
MH- MH- 25.5 25. 200
12 27.82 26.42 1.41 25.40 150 0.78
131 130 5 47 mm
MH- MH- 23.7 23. 400
41 26.68 26.42 2.45 55.70 670 0.87
180 130 3 66 mm
MH- MH- 4.8 250
30 5.96 5.87 4.96 0.75 68.00 336 0.96
191 142 7 mm
MH- MH- 24.3 24. 300
30 26.63 26.45 1.96 69.00 450 0.94
53 143 1 25 mm
MH- MH- 22.5 22. 400
30 25.53 26.09 2.91 59.10 670 0.89
185 144 2 47 mm
MH- MH- 22.4 22. 400
29 26.09 26.62 3.50 58.80 670 0.89
144 145 7 43 mm
MH- MH- 12.6 12. 600
30 15.09 13.91 1.29 53.80 300 1.68
194 146 6 56 mm
MH- MH- 11.4 11. 600
29 13.91 12.69 1.31 53.70 300 1.68
146 147 4 34 mm
MH- MH- 32.0 31. 200
30 33.86 32.78 1.19 35.40 150 0.94
160 148 3 83 mm

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MH- MH- 6.2 200

30 7.87 7.94 6.40 1.36 70.30 250 0.96
44 149 9 mm
MH- MH- 23.3 23. 400
30 24.60 24.39 0.81 52.50 346 1.18
99 150 3 24 mm
MH- MH- 27.8 27. 200
30 29.10 28.61 0.89 36.20 150 0.95
58 151 6 66 mm
MH- MH- 22.4 22. 400
30 26.62 27.19 4.10 58.60 670 0.89
145 152 3 39 mm
MH- MH- 23.5 23. 400
30 25.82 25.49 1.72 59.00 670 0.89
128 153 6 52 mm
MH- MH- 6.9 200
30 8.14 8.08 7.07 0.90 31.70 250 0.69
155 154 5 mm
MH- MH- 7.0 200
30 8.20 8.14 7.19 0.84 31.90 250 0.69
26 155 7 mm
MH- MH- 0.8 500
30 5.39 5.43 0.89 4.04 67.60 830 0.96
157 156 6 mm
MH- MH- 0.8 500
30 5.25 5.39 0.93 3.91 68.00 830 0.97
219 157 9 mm
MH- MH- 23.9 23. 400
30 26.62 26.77 2.41 53.30 670 0.85
159 158 1 86 mm
MH- MH- 23.9 23. 400
30 26.41 26.62 2.19 53.60 670 0.86
164 159 5 91 mm
MH- MH- 33.1 32. 200
30 34.84 33.86 1.14 35.50 150 0.94
62 160 1 91 mm
MH- MH- 27.9 27. 200
30 29.80 28.69 1.21 45.00 150 1.06
162 161 4 74 mm
MH- MH- 29.0 28. 200
30 30.91 29.80 1.21 45.20 150 1.06
66 162 5 85 mm
MH- MH- 25.9 25. 200
30 27.44 26.73 1.00 54.50 150 1.15
56 163 8 78 mm
MH- MH- 24.0 23. 400
30 26.27 26.41 1.97 53.80 670 0.86
202 164 0 95 mm
MH- MH- 25.6 25. 200
30 26.73 26.41 0.81 54.30 150 1.15
163 165 6 46 mm
MH- MH- 1.1 500
30 3.40 3.62 1.15 1.88 55.20 830 0.90
167 166 1 mm
MH- MH- 1.1 500
30 3.24 3.40 1.18 1.66 55.40 830 0.90
214 167 5 mm
MH- MH- 1.2 500
30 3.08 3.14 1.25 1.37 56.00 830 0.91
169 168 2 mm
MH- MH- 1.2 500
30 3.01 3.08 1.29 1.27 56.30 830 0.91
196 169 5 mm
MH- MH- 0.7 500
30 5.46 5.56 0.82 4.21 66.90 830 0.96
171 170 8 mm
MH- MH- 0.8 500
30 5.43 5.46 0.86 4.11 67.20 830 0.96
156 171 2 mm
MH- MH- 0.7 500
30 5.56 5.65 0.78 4.34 66.50 830 0.96
170 172 5 mm
MH- MH- 29.5 29. 500
30 32.92 32.02 2.41 60.00 830 0.93
77 173 8 54 mm

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MH- MH- 5.1 250

30 6.90 6.44 5.21 1.25 71.10 360 0.93
190 174 2 mm
MH- MH- 5.0 250
30 6.44 6.12 5.12 0.95 70.60 360 0.93
174 175 4 mm
MH- MH- 24.9 24. 200
30 26.22 25.74 0.89 43.00 150 1.04
86 176 9 79 mm
MH- MH- 24.9 24. 200
31 26.76 27.05 1.79 62.50 250 0.93
178 177 7 85 mm
MH- MH- 25.0 24. 200
30 26.60 26.76 1.45 62.80 250 0.93
205 178 9 97 mm
MH- MH- 6.6 200
30 7.99 7.93 6.74 1.08 58.40 250 0.91
38 179 2 mm
MH- MH- 23.7 23. 400
30 26.79 26.68 2.59 55.90 670 0.87
181 180 7 73 mm
MH- MH- 23.8 23. 400
30 26.82 26.79 2.62 56.20 670 0.87
107 181 1 77 mm
MH- MH- 1.5 300
30 2.79 3.39 1.62 1.20 65.80 450 0.92
96 182 5 mm
MH- MH- 24.6 24. 300
30 26.48 25.50 1.16 61.70 200 1.36
28 183 0 45 mm
MH- MH- 27.0 26. 250
30 28.87 27.89 1.16 67.80 200 1.24
95 184 4 89 mm
MH- MH- 22.5 22. 400
30 24.98 25.53 2.31 59.40 670 0.89
188 185 6 52 mm
MH- MH- 22.3 22. 400
30 27.19 27.75 4.71 58.30 670 0.88
152 186 9 34 mm
MH- MH- 23.9 23. 200
30 25.08 24.68 0.85 42.60 150 1.03
17 187 3 73 mm
MH- MH- 22.6 22. 400
30 24.42 24.98 1.71 59.80 670 0.89
87 188 1 56 mm
MH- MH- 5.2 250
15 7.45 7.48 5.33 1.90 71.60 360 0.93
34 189 9 mm
MH- MH- 5.2 250
30 7.48 6.90 5.29 1.69 71.40 360 0.93
189 190 1 mm
MH- MH- 4.9 250
30 6.12 5.96 5.04 0.79 70.20 360 0.93
175 191 6 mm
MH- MH- 8.7 600
30 11.36 10.10 8.85 1.33 53.50 300 1.68
200 192 5 mm
MH- MH- 7.5 600
30 10.10 8.89 7.64 1.31 53.40 300 1.68
192 193 4 mm
MH- MH- 13.8 13. 600
31 16.29 15.09 1.30 53.80 300 1.68
110 194 4 74 mm
MH- MH- 22.0 22. 600
30 28.26 27.07 5.04 62.00 1,000 0.97
213 195 4 01 mm
MH- MH- 1.2 500
30 3.04 3.01 1.33 1.22 56.60 830 0.91
91 196 9 mm
MH- MH- 26.8 26. 200
30 28.06 27.57 0.89 43.70 150 1.04
68 197 2 62 mm
MH- MH- 26.3 26. 200
30 27.57 27.08 0.89 43.50 150 1.04
197 198 3 13 mm

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MH- MH- 21.9 21. 600

30 25.36 24.14 2.20 61.70 1,000 0.97
25 199 6 93 mm
MH- MH- 10.1 10. 600
31 12.69 11.36 1.37 53.60 300 1.68
147 200 1 01 mm
MH- MH- 18.8 18. 600
30 21.26 20.05 1.31 44.00 300 1.54
40 201 0 70 mm
MH- MH- 24.0 24. 400
30 26.27 26.27 1.85 54.00 670 0.86
203 202 4 00 mm
MH- MH- 24.0 24. 400
30 26.34 26.27 1.84 54.30 670 0.86
42 203 8 04 mm
MH- MH- 17.6 17. 600
30 20.05 18.91 1.27 44.00 300 1.54
201 204 6 56 mm
MH- MH- 25.2 25. 200
30 26.45 26.60 1.17 63.10 250 0.94
209 205 1 09 mm
MH- MH- 21.6 21. 600
30 24.14 22.93 1.31 42.90 300 1.52
199 206 8 58 mm
MH- 1.0 500
MH-6 32 4.11 4.48 1.04 2.78 69.10 830 0.97
207 0 mm
MH- MH- 24.5 24. 300
30 27.25 27.01 2.35 64.80 450 0.92
36 208 2 45 mm
MH- MH- 25.3 25. 200
30 26.37 26.45 0.94 63.40 250 0.94
210 209 4 21 mm
MH- MH- 25.4 25. 200
30 26.41 26.37 0.79 63.80 250 0.94
165 210 6 34 mm
MH- MH- 1.0 500
30 3.62 3.79 1.11 2.11 54.90 830 0.90
166 211 7 mm
MH- MH- 23.6 23. 400
30 26.42 26.22 2.28 57.60 670 0.88
130 212 6 62 mm
MH- MH- 22.0 22. 600
30 28.85 28.26 5.90 62.10 1,000 0.97
89 213 7 04 mm
MH- MH- 1.1 500
30 3.14 3.24 1.22 1.49 55.70 830 0.91
168 214 8 mm
MH- MH- 5.4 250
30 7.88 7.73 5.54 2.05 72.70 360 0.94
216 215 6 mm
MH- MH- 5.5 250
30 7.93 7.88 5.63 2.07 73.20 360 0.94
30 216 4 mm
MH- MH- 24.4 24. 300
30 27.01 26.80 2.19 64.40 450 0.92
208 217 5 38 mm
MH- MH- 0.9 500
30 4.48 4.88 1.00 3.20 68.70 830 0.97
207 218 6 mm
MH- MH- 0.9 500
30 4.88 5.25 0.96 3.62 68.30 830 0.97
218 219 3 mm
MH- 0.5 600
O-1 9 5.78 5.81 0.60 4.60 79.90 1,000 0.78
19 9 mm
19.9 19. 400
MH-4 O-3 14 23.96 21.05 2.18 70.20 300 1.07
5 90 mm
5.1 600
MH-1 O-5 22 6.79 6.79 5.17 1.05 65.10 300 1.38
0 mm

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7.11. Electrical Power Distribution System

7.11.1. General
Electrical system and supply are one of the most important infrastructure services and plays an
important role in attracting the prime developers. This section deals with the requirements of
electrical power, distribution, illumination, telecommunication etc., within Kochi Petrochemical Park
at Ambalamughal, Kochi.

7.11.2. Study of the Existing Power System around the Project Area
Petro Chemical Park and its vicinity has a well laid out system of power transmission and distribution.
Electrical network is available in near vicinity:
• 220/110kV Electric Substation is located at Brahmapuram Diesel Power Plant (i.e. BDPP) a
Distance of 0.8 km from Project site.
• 66kV Overhead transmission line (already shifted) passing besides the project boundary.
• 220/110 kV electric substation is located at FACT premises.

7.11.3. Design Assumptions

• Design and related documents based on the submitted concept master plan of 319.46 acres
area.
• To calculate the total electrical load of the project area or capacity of Zonal Sub-station (ZSS) is
to be finalized on the basis of sanction load of individual plot holder. But in the present scenario,
the sanction load of individual plot holder is unavailable, therefore to arrive the load norm the
plot wise load has been derived according to their land-use/ production for Industries Facility,
Utility etc. The designs assumptions for several different types unit's area tabulated in brief
hereunder: -
Table 7-49: Design Assumptions for Industrial Sectors
Sl. No. Description Power requirement
A Industries
1 Ancillary 40 kVA/Acre
2 Intermediate Chemicals 330 kVA/Acre
3 Specialty Chemical 118 kVA/Acre
4 End Products (Paints/ Adhesives / Inks, etc.) 175 kVA/Acre
5 End Products (Based on Polyurethane And SAP) 175kVA/Acre
B Truck Terminal and Warehouse 40 kVA/Acre
C Pharma Park Plot 118 kVA/Acre
Source: Voyants

*BPCL has their own CPP hence the load has not been considered in load calculation for Main Receiving
Sub-station (MRSS).
For the other development area, the following load norms are considered to get the total power
demand of the Petro Chemical Park:
Table 7-50: Design Assumptions for Other Development Area
Sl. No. Description Power Requirement
1 Utility 40kVA/Acre
2 CETP 80 kVA/Acre
3 Road Calculated Load
4 Green / Open Space 1.2 kVA/Acre
5 FACT Road Calculated Load
Source: Voyants
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i. Total load of the project area is 33.36 MVA without considering BPCL Kochi Refineries (170
Acre) as it already has a substation of 220/33KV and other adjacent plots/amenities, outside
of the project area the client has informed that BPCL will arrange the supply for their load and
therefore the load has not been considered in load calculation for MRSS.
ii. The total maximum demand load to Main Receiving substation should be 110/33kV voltage
level, proposed to be constructed in plot near water works during development of 319.46
Acres project area.
iii. Considering the provision of single circuit 11kV line overhead Line from any nearby substation
is proposed only to feed temporary/construction load under electrical Substation.
iv. All industrial plots will be fed by the 11kV UG Distribution network (except plots IC-14 - 33kV)
running through the utility corridor of the road network with a tee off breaker from Ring Main
Unit and 11kV power supply as well as the stepping down circuits.
v. Stepping down to L.T supply for Utility pockets/commercial/facility use will be made available
by 11/0.415kV Transformer near the load Centre of suitable ratings as required.
vi. Reticulation of emergency power supply is economically infeasible for 100% power back-up
for the all industrial areas. Our recommendation is that emergency power shall be only for
street lighting, utility areas etc. Because all the commercial & industrial units have own
standby generator for emergency power requirement of individual. Meanwhile, in case of
100% central AMF (Automatic mains failure) standby power supply tariff problem is also an
issue. Moreover, the KSEB is responsible as O&M for all electrical infrastructures as developed
and handed over. The O&M of generator sets may not viable with them. So, 100% power back
up for the complete industrial area is not recommended.
vii. Ducting network will be proposed for laying of Telecom & Data network in both side/ either
side of the utility corridor.
viii. Provision of Rooftop Photovoltaic system shall be proposed as per the availability of space
upon the roof of buildings and other available space; to meet partial power demand of the
development area. Solar Panel & inverter cum rectifier unit will be placed along with the LT
panel. It will be mandatory for every plot holder.
ix. Energy efficient smart LED lighting will be considering for entire petrochemical park and all
outdoor lighting system shall be connected to automatic controls. Automatic controls can be
either time based or photo sensor based.

All required detailed engineering drawings, cost estimates and bill of quantities (BOQ’s) w.r.t
electrical MV distribution system, external illumination system, data and telecommunication
system has been enclosed as Annexure 9 and Annexure 10.

7.11.4. Design Criteria

7.11.4.1. Power demand

Before the design, work may move forward, it is always necessary to assess the power requirement.
Based upon load norms, the plot wise load is calculated. Accordingly, the connected and maximum
load demand is worked out for substation. The summary of load calculations and the resultant
maximum demand of entire project area are detailed below:

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Table 7-51: Electrical Load Calculations

Sl. Land use Area Load Norm in Connected Demand Maximum
No. (Acre) kVA/Acre Load in Factor Demand
kVA (MVA)
a b c d e f g
A INDUSTRIES
1 Ancillary 3.65 40 146.00 1.00 0.15
2 Intermediate Chemicals 85.80 330 28314.00 0.80 22.65

3 Specialty Chemical 34.27 118 4043.86 0.70 2.83

4 End Products (Paints/ 21.42 175 3748.50 0.70 2.62
Adhesives / Inks, etc.)
5 End Products (Based on 10.78 175 1886.50 0.70 1.32
Polyurethane And SAP)
B Truck Terminal and 4.87 40 194.80 1.00 0.19
Warehouse
C UTILITY 6.68 40 267.20 1.00 0.27
D CETP 10.57 80 845.60 1.00 0.85
F GREEN AREA 69.11 1.12 77.69 1.00 0.08
G ROAD 28.10 7.47 1.00 0.01
H Pharma Park Plot 28.90 118.00 3410.20 0.70 2.39
I FACT ROAD 15.34 8.04 1.00 0.01
Total 319.49 42949.86 33.36
Source: Voyants

For proper distribution and working of electrical system, the Site is being divided in 2 zones,

Table 7-52: Flow Chart for Power Distribution System

Each zone has its own Zonal Substation (ZSS). The Load distribution for each zone is been summed up
in following table: -
Table 7-53: Zonal Substation Details
Sl. Zonal Max. Demand Load
Network Details
No. Substation (MVA)
From MRSS 2nos. 33kV I/C through UG cable & 1nos
1 ZSS 1 13.28
33kV UG cable between ZSS-1 & ZSS-2
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Sl. Zonal Max. Demand Load

Network Details
No. Substation (MVA)
From MRSS 2nos. 33kV I/C through UG cable & 1nos
2 ZSS 2 15.57
33kV UG cable between ZSS-1 & ZSS-2
33kV Dedicate From MRSS 1nos. 33kV UG cable feeder
3 4.51
Feeder
Source: Voyants

For Zonal Division kindly refer Drawing No. VSPL/KINFRA/1718_064/ED/MV/01 under title “Zonal
Distribution Layout” as enclosed.
Table 7-54: Main Receiving Station Details
Main Receiving Max. Demand
Sl. No. Network Details
Switching Station Load (MVA)
1 MRSS (2X16MVA, 33.36 Option-1, 110kV UG Cable tapping from 110kV
110/33kV) FACT Line from Brahamapuram Substation.
OR
Option-2, 110kV OH Line with UG Cable tapping
from 110kV FACT Line from Brahamapuram
Substation.
Source: Voyants

7.11.4.2. Planning Consideration

The ultimate aim in the design of an electrical distribution system is to provide reliable and satisfactory
service consistent with the requirements of safety and economy. The primary factors involved in this
are:
 Energy Management System
 Minimum Initial Investment
 Maximum Service Continuity
 Maximum Electrical Efficiency
 Operating limits to service voltage (consumer terminal voltage)
 Distribution design level
 Basic insulation level
 Thermal limits
 Protection against faults
 Reliable and secure system
 Safety
 Minimum Operation & Maintenance Cost
 Maximum Power Quality
 Environmental & Social impact
 Low Maintenance & Quick Restoration
 Carbon Footprint: as small and compact as possible with energy efficient installations

There are several ways to design any electrical supply network, but only one of these alternatives will
give an optimum solution considering the above factors and practicability of implementation of
theoretical design. It is extremely complex to determine the overall economies, as many variables are
involved. So Complete Electrical system is proposed and decided to be as under-ground.

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7.11.4.3. Codes and Standards

The following standards and codes (latest editions/ revisions) shall be used to govern the detail design
of the electrical system:

 BIS: Bureau of Indian Standard;

 IEC: International Electro technical commission;
 Practices being followed by KSEB;
 Regulations laid down by Indian Electricity Rules;
 BS: British Standard;
 Regulations laid by chief controller of explosives;
 Any other regulations laid down by the local authorities;
 Regulations laid down by tariff advisory committee / Fire insurance regulations;

7.11.4.4. System Voltage Level

As per prevailing norms, to meet the net demand of 32.70MVA at MRSS, supply at 110 kV system
voltage is required with 33 kV feeders for each ZSS (Zone 1 & Zone 2). The load of individual plot above
3 MVA if any, so an independent feeder at 33kV system voltage is proposed as per norms and if load
of individual plot is arriving between 50kW to 3MVA, 11kV power supply to be proposed. 220kV,
110kV, 33 kV, 11kV and 415 volts are the established system voltages in the area.

7.11.4.5. Major Electrical Equipment

The proposed electrical system decided to be underground system with hybrid type substation; the
following are the list of major electrical equipment:
1 Power Transformers.
2 33KV C&R Panels
3 Power Cables
4 Ring Main Units
5 Capacitor Banks
6 AMR type Energy Meter
7 Distribution Transformer
8 LT Distribution Box
9 Feeder Pillar

7.11.5. Proposed Concept Design

While designing Electrical system, it is every designer’s job to build a reliable, efficient, effective and
secure system.
To cater the power demand of area, 110/33kV Main Receiving Substation (MRSS) with 2nos. 33/11kV
Zonal Substation (ZSS) is required.
The evacuation of power from the 110/33kV MRSS to the plots will be done by 2nos. 33/11kV ZSS and
subsequent 33kV, 11kV, LV underground distribution network to provide the power supply to plots.
The development of Petro Chemical Park has been divided into the 2 zones. Considering the proposed
power demand and the Zonal division as described in drawing No:
VSPL/KINFRA/1718_064/ED/MV/01.
As the power distribution of the project, once completed shall be handed over to electricity board
(KSEB) or any other agency for operation and maintenance, the whole network shall be designed as
per the electricity board (KSEB) or any other approval agency guidelines. The detailed design
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documents/drawings will have to be approved from KSEB / approval agency before execution to avoid
any problem at time of commissioning & handing over etc.

7.11.5.1. Construction of Main Receiving Substation

A fully developed Petro Chemical Park would require an estimated 33.36 MVA. There are
plans to supply the power from 220/110kV Electric Substation is located at Brahmapuram.
This will be adequate for the start-up. The proposed location of MRSS will be near the water
work plot. The best option for location of MRSS is as per drawing No.
VSPL/KINFRA/1718_064/ED/MV/02 under Title “MRSS & ZSS Location Layout.”

7.11.5.2. Requirement of 33/11 kV substation

From the table – 7.22, it is evident that the total power demand of the petrochemical park area has
been divided to two Zonal Substation (ZSS) of 33/11kV level.
The plots have been also identified for proposed construction of Zonal Substation (ZSS). The
identification of ZSS plots are considered on its central location has made easy to balance the load
density of the development. The ZSS comprise of two number 33kV incomer through underground
cable from the MRSS. The proposed system inside ZSS, consists 33kV C&R panel with LI-LO facility and
11kV Distribution Panel with suitable capacitor bank. Two numbers Power Transformers with NGR for
Zone 1 & 2, Transformer with Differential Relay, will be located outside the control building room on
foundation. U.G MV Cable is proposed to cater power to individual industrial through Ring Main Units.
The Ring Main Units interconnected with each other to build system redundancy.
The Power Transformer rating of the ZSS is as below:
Table 7-22: Power Transformer of the ZSS
ZSS1 ZSS2
2 X 8MVA 2 X 8MVA
Source: Voyants

7.11.5.3. MV Reticulation
19/33 kV (E) will be 3-core Aluminum Armoured TR-XLPE type in accordance with IEC 60502-2. The
MV cable will be installed underground at a minimum depth of 1050mm below ground level. The cable
will terminate at MRSS & ZSS. The cables will be run through the RCC Masonry Cable Trenches.
6.35/11kV (E) will be 3-core Aluminum Armoured XLPE type in accordance with IEC 60502-2. The MV
cable will be installed underground at a minimum depth of 900mm below ground level. The cable will
terminate at each Ring main unit. The Ring main unit is proposed with 3/4nos. Outgoings as required
with SF6/Vacuum circuit breaker arrangement for Tee-Off. The cable will be laid underground at a
minimum level of 900mm below ground level in tier formation according to the voltage level. The
cables will be run through the RCC Masonry Cable Trenches.
Drawing showing the MV Power distribution is enclosed as drawing no.
VSPL/KINFRA/1718_064/ED/MV/04 under title “33 & 11kV UNDER GROUND POWER DISTRIBUTION
LAYOUT”.
The typical cross section of RCC Masonry cable trenches will be as follows:

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Figure 7-3: Typical Detail of RCC Masonry Cable Trench

7.11.5.4. LV Reticulation
LV cable will be buried at a minimum depth of 750mm below ground and will connect the distribution
transformer as per the L.T Load requirement. LV cables shall be installed a minimum of 300 mm apart
from other 11kV cables.

7.11.5.5. Proposal of Emergency Power Supply

An emergency power system is an independent source of electrical power that supports important
electrical systems on loss of normal power supply.
Generators sets with the prime mover are the most prevalent source of power for emergency and
standby power system will be located in individual Zonal Substations with respect to requirement to
feed the common utility area and any other area identified by the client to feed the emergency power
supply. The diesel storage tank will be provided in the ZSS area shall be away from electrical control
room. The power will be feed to identified units with the help of LV reticulation system.

7.11.5.6. Renewable Energy Reticulation

 Provision of Rooftop Photovoltaic system shall be proposed as per the availability of space upon
the roof of buildings and open spaces; to meet partial power demand of the development area.
Solar Panel & inverter cum rectifier unit will be placed along with the LT panel.
 Provision of Rooftop Photovoltaic system should be mandatory for plot holder.
 Solar energy generated shall be directly consumed, battery storage not to apply
 Solar Rooftop System provides following benefits:
o Utilization of available vacant roof space
o Lower transmission and distribution losses
o Improvement in the tail-end grid voltages and reduction of system congestion
o Loss mitigation by utilization of distribution network as a source of storage through net
metering
o Long term energy and ecological security by reduction in carbon emission
o Better Management of daytime peak loads by DISCOM/ utility
o Minimal technical losses as power consumption and generation are co-located.

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7.11.6. External Illumination System

7.11.6.1. Design Criteria of Road Lighting

Roads of this Kochi Petrochemical Park at Ambalamughal area shall generally cater to-
• Movement of goods/machinery/finished product through heavy vehicles.
• Movement of persons through light vehicles including cyclist/pedestrian. Other roads around
shopping area and residential area/ parking area shall be considered for aesthetic and pleasing
lighting systems.
Basic requirement of road, green area and periphery lighting proposed be as follows:
• Adequate level of illuminations for heavy vehicles/light vehicles/cyclist
• Uniform illumination level over carriage way with minimum glare
• Safety of movement
• Minimum disturbance during fog/dust conditions
• Use of high efficiency lighting fixtures with high lumen output and low power consumption
• Beautification and pleasing view

Figure 7-17: Thematic View of Road Lighting

7.11.6.2. Technical Details of Road Lighting System

The technical parameters of the road lighting for various types of roads are adopted as per approved
National/International guidelines and perform the lux level calculation with help of software for the
selection of pole, luminaire and lights. Technical Detail for Road Lighting System given in the below
table:
Table 7-55: Technical Details of Road Lighting System
S.NO. DESCRIPTION 24 & 22M WIDE ROAD 20 M WIDE ROAD 19 M WIDE ROAD

1 Area of Installation Industrial Industrial Industrial

2 Pole Mounting pole Double arm pole on the Single arm pole on Single arm pole on
detail median of the road. both side of the road. one side of the road.

3 Lighting Fixture 2x60W, LED lamp with 2x45W, LED lamp with 60W, LED lamp with
fixture of IP-65. fixture of IP-65. fixture of IP-65.

4 Boom Length / Angle 1.5Mtr / 10o 1.5Mtr / 10o 1.5Mtr / 15o

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5 Maintenance factor 0.8 0.8 0.8

6 Mounting height 9Mtrs. 9Mtrs. 9Mtrs.

7 Spacing 25M 30M 20M

8 Lux Level (Lux-Eav) 16 14 16

7.11.6.3. Design Criteria of Area Lighting

Junctions of main roads and larger areas are proposed to be illuminated by providing High- Mast
system of illumination. The HIGH-MASTs will be selected based upon TERRAIN CATEGORY of TC-2 &
Wind pressure 50 m/s as per IS: 875. The mounting height of High-masts & number of luminaries will
be based upon the following data:
Table 7-56: High Mast Data (Shaft Dimension, Foundation Bolts/ Accessories)
S.NO. DESCRIPTION 12M
1 TYPE OF MAST 12M0 12M1 12M2 12M3
2 TOP DIAMETER 100 100 100 100
3 BASE DIAMETER 360 360 360 360
4 P.C.D. 445 445 445 445
5 BASE O.D. FLANGE 540 540 540 540
6 BASE FLANGE THICKNESS 32 32 32 32
7 NUMBER OF SECTIONS 2 2 2 2
8 SECTIONAL THICKNESS 3 3 3 3
9 NO. OF BOLTS 8 8 8 8
10 BOLT DIA. (INCH) 1 1 1 1
11 BOLT LENGTH 750 750 750 750
• STEEL GRADE: BSEN100025, ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM
• STEEL GRADE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
• YIELD STRESS: 355 MPA [YIELD STRENGTH IS DECIDING FACTOR FOR SELECTING THICKNESS OF
SECTION / DIAMETER]
• TENSILE STRESS: 490-630 MPA
• ELONGATION: 22%

7.11.6.4. Power Supply

Power supply to Conventional Road lighting pole be fed through underground 1.1 kV XLPE insulated,
armoured, aluminium conductor cables. Distribution of power be through 440V, 3phase, 4 wire
system.
Cables for street lighting system shall be sized based on protection device rating, the capacity of cable,
permissible voltage drop and in general, according to IEC. All cable shall be armoured, aluminium
conductor cable and to be installed direct buried. Voltage drop is an important consideration in long
runs associated with street/road lighting. Cable shall be sized in a way to maintain a minimum voltage
drop between feeder pillars to the last pole on the circuit. Power supply for road lighting be made
available from the proposed Distribution Transformer located at three nos. of Zonal Sub-Stations in
the entire project area depending upon the site conditions.
In Solar Road lighting pole is a crystalline silicon solar battery power supply, (valve control type sealed
and maintenance-free battery, gel battery) to store electrical energy, super bright LED as light source,
lamps and lanterns and controlled by the intelligent charging and discharging controller, is used to
instead of the traditional public power lighting lamps. There is no need to lay cables, no
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communication power, no electricity bills; DC power supply and control; It has the advantages of good
stability, long life, high luminous efficiency, simple installation and maintenance, high safety
performance, energy-saving and environmental protection, economical and practical. It can be widely
used in urban main, secondary road, residential area, factory, tourist attraction, parking lot and other
places. Product parts lighting rod structure: GI lamp pole and bracket, surface spray treatment, the
panel connection adopts special anti-theft stainless steel screws.
Solar street lamp principle of work: during the day under the control of the intelligent controller of
solar energy street lamp, solar panels after the illuminate of sunshine, absorb the solar energy light
into electrical energy, solar battery components to the battery charge during the day, night batteries
to provide electricity to power a LED light source, lighting functions. The dc controller ensures that the
battery pack is not damaged by over-charging or over-discharge, and also has the functions of light
control, time control, temperature compensation and lightning protection and anti-polarity
protection.
Drawing showing the Road Lighting arrangement is enclosed as drawing no.
VSPL/KINFRA/1718_064/ED/RL/01 under title “Proposed Road Lighting Layout”.

7.11.6.5. Control System

In order to have an energy efficient system, LED luminaries of various ratings are proposed for the
street lighting. LED, are significantly energy efficient; offer good quality of light and have a longer life
than others of around 40000 – 90000 hours depending upon the quality of LED, design and operating
environment. The lux level has been considered as per IS1944.
The street lights shall be controlled from outdoor street light Panel with 4Pole MCCB incomer, Energy
meter, power contactor for switching ON/ OFF the lights and MCB outgoings for distribution.

7.11.7. Tele and Data Communication System

7.11.7.1. Telecommunication System

The implementation of Telecommunication system is very important for any development and its
usage has become a necessity these days. As such telecommunication network is proposed to be
provided in a manner so as to have connectivity by different service providers. The telecom operators
in the Kerala circle are as follows enabling users to select the services of service provider of their liking.
Table 7-57: Tele services
S. No. SERVICES OPERATOR (Kerala)
1 Wireless Vodafone
IDEA cellular Ltd
BSNL
2 Unified Reliance Infocomm
Tata Teleservices (TTML)
Bharti Airtel Ltd
Aircel Ltd
3 Wireline BSNL

Telecom Services today are of the following types:

• Landline operations requiring a telecom Overhead Conductor & junction box space in utility
corridor
• Wireless services on GSM / CDMA platform requiring tower at stipulated radii
• Broad band Services requiring an Overhead Conductor corridor and distribution chambers
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• Short Coverage Wi-Fi networks

To achieve it, Optical fiber are used to provide and connect various service providers for telecom as
well as broadband services to the users through the optical fiber network. To run the cabling, the
provision for laying the conduit & chamber in front of all the plots has been proposed in ROW planning.

7.11.7.2. Data Communication System

A high-speed communication facility through earth station is available for Information Technology
units/companies. Earth station functions as international gateway and provides worldwide reliable
high-speed data communication (HSDC) services at internationally competitive rates. In India, the
facility of internet as well as international private leased line is available from earth station owned by
software technology park of India or VSNL and some other prominent players in this field. The
telecommunication and broadband connectivity network Overhead Conductors can be provided
within the project site by either project authority or provision can be made in service corridor by
project authority for laying of Overhead Conductors by any of the prominent service providers e.g.
Airtel, BSNL, and Reliance etc. Provision in service corridors should be sufficient to accommodate 3-4
service providers to ensure competition and hence better service. Further, while reserving space in
service corridors, provision for laying the conduits & chambers in front of all the plots is to be kept in
mind and location of these shall be finalized along with Master Planners and landscape consultant.
Drawing showing the Telecom ducting is enclosed as drawing no. VSPL/KINFRA/1718_064/ED/TEL/01
under title “Proposed Data & Telecommunication System Layout”.

7.11.8. Cost Estimate Summary for Electrical and Telecommunication

S. No. Particulars Amount (In Rs.)

A EXTERNAL INFRUSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT WORKS

1 110/33kV Main Receiving Sub-station (GIS Type) 17,74,78,094.52
2 33/11kV Zonal Substation (2Nos. Indoor Type) 11,11,79,849.00
3 33kV Under Ground Network 6,95,29,120.00
4 11kV Under Ground Network 12,17,67,331.00
5 Street lighting 5,68,87,538.80
6 Telecommunications/ Data Network Conduiting 24,95,000.00
Total 53,93,36,933.32
OR SAY 53.93 crores

S. No. Particulars Amount (In Rs.) Amount (In Cr.)

B COST ESTIMATE SUMMARY FOR INCOMING POWER SUPPLY SOURCE

1 OPTION-1 - 110kV UNDER GROUND CABLE TAPPING 12,92,02,289.00 12.92
FROM 110kV FACT LINE
2 OPTION-2 - 110kV OVERHEAD LINE WITH 110KV UNDER 5,74,14,244.92 5.74
GROUND CABLE TAPPING FROM 110kV FACT LINE
3 OPTION-3 - PROVISION OF ADDITIONAL 16 MVA, 110/33 11,88,21,429.00 11.88
KV POWER TRANSFORMER WITH 33kV UNDER
GROUND CABLE FROM BRAHMAPRUM SUBSTATION
4 OPTION-4 - PROVISION OF ADDITIONAL 16 MVA, 110/33 8,02,32,080.00 8.02
KV POWER TRANSFORMER WITH 33kV UNDER
GROUND CABLE AND 33KV OVERHEAD DOUBLE CIRCUIT
LINE FROM BRAHMAPRUM SUBSTATION

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7.12. Solid Waste Management

7.12.1. General
Every Industry, household, shops establishments, market etc., generate solid waste on day to day
basis. The waste should normally be stored at the source of waste generation till collected for disposal.
The primary objective of solid waste management is minimization of waste to be sent to the landfill.
This is achieved by a system of efficient segregation starting at consumer level, utilization of bio-
degradable waste for composting or energy generation, and recycling of the non-biodegradable and
industrial waste.

7.12.2. Waste Generation

During Operation Phase in the proposed Petro-Chemical Park waste can be divided into 4 major
categories as follows; Municipal Solid waste from all sources, Hazardous and non-hazardous industrial
waste and construction waste.

Figure 7-18: Waste Categories

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Table 7-58: Solid Waste Generated from Petro Chemical Park

Plots
Population Solid Waste Generation (TPD)
Land parcel Area
S. No. Land Use Demand Assumptions
Hazardous
Acre Sq.m. Working Floating Total MSW Total
Waste
A INDUSTRIES
Hazardous Waste Negligible Tons/
acre/ Year: MSW 0.2kg/capita/day
A.1 Ancillary 3.65 14760 91 137 228 0.025 0.025
& 0.05 kg/capita/day for floating

Hazardous Waste 200 Tons/ acre/

A.2 Intermediate Chemicals 85.8 347229 429 644 1073 47.015 0.118 47.133 Year; MSW 0.2kg/capita/day & 0.05
kg/capita/day for floating
Hazardous Waste 150 Tons/ acre/
A.3 Specialty Chemical 34.27 138695 857 1285 2142 14.084 0.236 14.32 Year; MSW 0.2kg/capita/day & 0.05
kg/capita/day for floating
Hazardous Waste 150 Tons/ acre/
End Products (Paints/ Year; MSW 0.2kg/capita/day & 0.05
A.4 21.42 86676 535 803 1339 8.802 0.147 8.949
Adhesives / Inks, etc.) kg/capita/day for floating

Hazardous Waste Negligible Tons/

End Products (Based on acre/ Year; MSW 0.2kg/capita/day
A.5 10.78 43612 431 647 1078 0.119 0.119
Polyurethane And SAP) & 0.05 kg/capita/day for floating
Common Facilities (Truck
B Terminal and 4.87 19711 73 110 183 0.007 0.007 MSW 0.1 kg/capita/day
Warehouse)
C UTILITY 6.68 27019 100 150 250 0.01 0.01 MSW 0.1 kg/capita/day
D CETP 10.57 42774 159 238 396 0.016 0.016 MSW 0.1 kg/capita/day
69.11 +
E GREEN AREA 11% in 279685.5 5.85 MSW 5kg/Acr/day
plots
Hazardous Waste 150 Tons/ acre/
F PHARMA PARK PLOT 28.9016 116961 1156 1734 2890 11.877 0.318 12.195 Year; MSW 0.2kg/capita/day & 0.05
kg/capita/day for floating
Hazardous Waste 70%of the
G ETP Sludge 5.29 2.27 7.56 sludge/day; MSW 30% of the
sludge/day
TOTAL 319.49 1292918 3731 5597 9328 87.068 9.116 96.184

Source: Voyants Analysis.

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Total solid waste generation can be summarised as below:

 Industrial waste generated= 87.068 Ton / Day
 Municipal Solid Waste= 9.116 Ton / Day

7.12.3. Waste Management

Composition of waste streams is a very important aspect in the management of wastes. Composition
determines to a large extent the handling, treatment and disposal options. The solid waste to be
collected daily basis and transported to transfer station. All disposals must be carried out from transfer
station at authorized and assessed landfill facilities. A TSDF (Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facility)
project (KEIL i.e., KERALA ENVIRO INFRASTRUCTURE LTD) is existing adjacent to Petro-chemical Park
and same can be used for proposed project. Efforts will be made to optimize the inventory, particularly
of hazardous chemicals. Such information will be made available to the Regulatory Agencies (SPCB)
Inspector of Factory & District Collector.
Industries will go for self – assessment and regulation by conducting environmental auditing regularly,
besides having regular monitoring of pollutants in air emission, liquid effluent and receiving
environment.

7.12.4. Coverage of the Industry under the Purview of Notification

All the new Petro-chemical industrial projects including expansion and modernization require prior
environmental clearance. Based on pollution potential, all these projects are classified into Category
A.

7.13. Steam and Natural Gas System

7.13.1. Steam
We have provided certain space for setting up Central Utility and Facility adjacent to Truck terminal
and warehousing area. In case steam is required a concessionaire can be on board for provision of
steam in the Petrochemical Park. Presently we assume BPCL will provide surplus steam to the
Petrochemical Park.

7.13.2. Proposed Natural Gas System

The Master Plan is proposing Gas supply system. The total Natural Gas requirement is tabulated
below. The proposed Natural Gas Supply system should have following components
 Natural gas from the gas processing plant to service station or area station by means of a main
transmission pipeline shall be provided by KINFRA.
 Centralized looped distribution system to be adopted.
 The design, installation, operation and maintenance of piped gas systems must comply with
the safety requirements stipulated in the Gas Supply Regulations Act in India.
 Suitable space or compartment is required for the gas piping system installation.
 Piping systems have to be installed with the necessary devices to regulate flow and pressure.
Pressure regulators need to be installed for reducing the gas delivery pressure before reaching
the appliances. Preferably, regulators should be installed outdoors for safety reasons
 The gas appliance must be of the approved type and is suitable for the type of gas supply
(natural gas) to which it will be connected.

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A gas appliance should not be installed in premises without testing the connection for gas tightness,
ascertaining that all the gas safety controls are in proper working order, ensuring that there is proper
ventilation and the operating pressure is as recommended by the manufacturer.

Figure 7-19: Safety Requirements in the Gas Supply Regulations

Table 7-59: Natural Gas requirement in SCM /hr @ 100% of the fuel on Natural Gas for Petro Chemical Park
Products 2019 20:20 2021 2022 2023 2024
Intermediate Chemicals 9750 17875 22750 22750 27625 30875
Specialty Chemicals 1000 2500 3300 3300 4000 4000
Pharmaceutical APIs 150 300 450 450 450 450
End Products Paints/ Adhesives / 1500 3000 3900 3900 3931 3963
Inks / Polyurethane etc.
Total 12400 23675 30400 30400 36006 39288
Table 7-60: Natural Gas requirement in SCM /hr @ 50% of the fuel on Natural Gas for Petro Chemical Park
Products 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Intermediate Chemicals 4875 8938 11375 11375 13813 15438
Specialty Chemicals 500 1250 1650 1650 2000 2000
Pharmaceutical APIs 75 150 225 225 225 225
End Products Paints/ Adhesives /
Inks / Polyurethane etc. 750 1500 1950 1950 1966 1981
Total 6200 11838 15200 15200 18003 19644

Table 7-61: Natural Gas requirement in Tons/yr @ 100% of the fuel on Natural Gas for Petro Chemical Park
Products 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Intermediate Chemicals 62400 114400 145600 145600 176800 197600
Specialty Chemicals 6400 16000 21120 21120 25600 25600
Pharmaceutical APIs 960 1920 2880 2880 2880 2880
End Products Paints/ Adhesives /
9600 19200 24960 24960 25160 25360
Inks / Polyurethane etc.
Total 79360 151520 194560 194560 230440 251440
Table 7-62: Natural Gas requirement in Tons/yr @ 50% of the fuel on Natural Gas for Petro Chemical Park
Products 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Intermediate Chemicals 31200 57200 72800 72800 88400 98800
Specialty Chemicals 3200 8000 10560 10560 12800 12800
Pharmaceutical APIs 480 960 1440 1440 1440 1440
End Products Paints/ Adhesives /
4800 9600 12480 12480 12580 12680
Inks / Polyurethane etc.
Total 39680 75760 97280 97280 115220 125720
Source: Market Research and Consultant Analysis.

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7.14. Summary of Project Development Cost

The estimated project cost for the development of petrochemical park is around Rs.317 Crores and
the summary of project cost is shown in the below table and cost estimates is exclusive of all the
taxes and levies.
Table 7-63: Summary of Project Cost Estimates
S. Project Component Total Cost in Rs. Lakhs Amount in % Age of
No. Rs. Crores Total Cost

1 Site Levelling & Grading Works 28,46,90,115 28.47 8.98

2 Boundary Walls and Retaining Wall 48,74,19,858 48.74 15.38
3 Landscaping and Design 20,06,655 0.20 0.06
4 Architectural Building Works 10,36,84,602 10.37 3.27
5 Proposed Entry / Exit Gates 2,79,16,598 2.79 0.88
6 Road Improvement Works 41,69,75,845 41.70 13.16
7 Potable Water Supply System 23,56,74,180 23.57 7.44
8 Stormwater Drainage System 18,45,63,864 18.46 5.82
9 Recycle Water System 4,93,01,180 4.93 1.56
10 Sewage Collection System & CETPs 42,80,55,224 42.81 13.50
11 Contaminated stormwater system & 25,34,86,393 25.35 8.00
CETPs
12 Firefighting network system 2,73,36,062 2.73 0.86
13 Power Supply & Distribution 66,85,39,222 66.85 21.09
TOTAL COSTS 316,96,49,799 316.96 100
Source: Voyants Analysis.

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8. Financial Estimates & Cost

Projection’s
8.1. Project Cost
8.1.1. Land Allocated & Cost
The Government of Kerala through an MOU decided to buy land from FACT for a tract of 481.79 Acres
at a cost of Rs. 977.47 Crore (Extracted from the MOU and enclosed in Annexure). KINFRA planned to
take advantage of BPCL expansion program of developing Propylene Derivatives Petrochemical
Project (PDPP) by setting up downstream Petrochemical Park to use the feedstock from the project.
BPCL showed interest in obtaining a large tract of Land near to their Project area. The Government of
Kerala entrusted KINFRA to carry out detailed land survey to provide land bot for BPCL project as well
as for envisaged KINFRA Petrochemical Park.
The survey was conducted and an area of 489.46 was extracted. Of this land area a clean tract of 170
acres has been allocated to BPCL. The balance area 319.46 Acres is for KINFRA Petrochemical Park.
The total cost for the Park considering the pro rata cost has defined in the MOU will be Rs. 648.50
Crore.
Table 8-1: Cost of Land Acquired Per Acre for KINFRA Petrochemical Park

Particulars Unit Rs. Crores

A. Total Land as per MOU Acres 481.79

B. Total cost as per MOU Rs. Crore 977.47

C. Bare Land Acquisition cost per acre (A/B) Rs. crore 2.03

D. Total Park Area carved out Acres Acres 489.46

E. Less: Total area allocated to BPCL Acres 170.00

F. Total area allocated to KINFRA Petrochemical Park (D-E) Acres 319.36

G. Total Cost of Land for KINFRA Petrochemical Park Acres 648.50

8.1.2. Land use

Keeping the terrain of the parcel of land and the laws of the land a mere 63.60% of the area is saleable
for industrial use. Roads, Green Space and a solitary administrative Block, consume the balance of the
area.

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Table 8-2: KINFRA Petrochemical Park land use

Particulars Acres Land Use %

Processing Area 189.00 59.16%

Internal Roads, Green Space, Administrative Block 99.60 31.18%

Utilities (Water, Power, CETP) 14.17 4.44%

Administrative Block with Amenities 1.35 0.42%

External Connecting Road (Apportioned Land Area) 15.34 4.80%

Total Land 319.46 100.00%

The yield from the parcel of land puts lot of pressure on the cost of land, which alone works out to
around Rs. 3.77 Crores per acre of sellable / processing area.

8.1.3. Preliminary and Preoperative Cost

The cost of developing Detailed Project Report (DPR), costs for obtaining clearances from Environment
authorities, formation of a KINFRA subsidiary / organisation and other costs to effect fruition of the
project. An overall estimated cost of Rs. 2.0 Crores has been considered.
The cost of only 36% will be apportioned to BPCL, which will be obtained on transfer and sale of the
plot of land.

8.1.4. Development Cost

Total development cost will be around Rs. 333 Crores.
a) Basic Development

The basic cost includes development of the parcel of land (319.46 acres) into a gated enclave
effectively designed with graded plots with effective security fencing, internal roads with street lights,
well designed drains, entrance gates and an external connecting road with the city of Cochin.
Table 8-3: Cost of Basic Development elements

Development Elements Rs. Crores

External Connectivity 19.19

Site Levelling and grading 28.47

Boundary and Fencing (including retaining walls) 48.74

Internal Roads 22.51

Storm water Drains 18.46

Street Lights 5.69

Entrance gates with security cabin 2.79

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Administration office & Amenities 3.46

Fire Fighting Services 2.73

Landscaping 0.20

Total basic development cost 152.24

b) Essential Services
The park will have three distinct services to support the manufacturing units namely power supply &
distribution, Water Supply and distribution, Central Effluent treatment plant with treated waste water
recycling network to the units. Each of these services will supply their services to meet each diverse
manufacturing unit’s needs. The estimated cost will be Rs.157.83 crores.

Table 8-4: Cost of Essential services element wise

Elements of Essential services Rs. Crore

Water Supply
i. Potable water system 23.57
Wastewater collection and treatment plant, CETP's etc.
i. Sewerage system 42.81
ii. CETP of required capacity 25.35
iii. Recycle Water 4.93
Power Supply
i. Power supply (including sub-stations) 61.17
Total Cost of Essential Service 157.83

In addition to these services plots are made available for investors to provide shared services including
Trucking, Warehouse & Logistics, Specialised process utilities, Technical Services if the demand from
the tenants justifies such services.

c) Overall Costs
The overall cost of Development including all contingency expenses will be around Rs. 332.46 Crores.
The development cost per sellable land of 189 acres will be Rs. 1.76 Crores.
Table 8-5: Overall Development Cost
Development Elements Rs. Crores

Preliminary & Preoperative Cost 2.00

Basic Development Cost 152.24

Essential Services Cost 157.83

Project Management services (1.5%) 4.89

Contingency (5%) 15.50

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Overall Development Cost 332.46

Development cost per acre of sellable land 1.759

The total cost of sellable land works out to Rs. 5.19 crores.
The Goods & Services Tax (GST) applicable on Plant & Machinery for utilities (18% for power & Water
P&M and 5% on CETP P&M) and on developing physical infrastructure (GST as applicable)
implication has not been factored, as it will be set off from the GST earned in operations through
Lease Premium & Lease rentals, water, & Power distribution, Effluent treatment and O&M services.
The benefit is passed on to the Tenants.
d) Development Phasing
The development will have to be phased based on the prospective investors interest. The cost of
development will be phased keeping the time of procession of the plot and the actual time of their
coming into production. The development cost distribution is detailed:
Table 8-6: Development Cost Phasing (In Rs. Crore)
Years >>> 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total
Preliminary &
Preoperative 2.00 2.00
Cost
Basic
60.38 64.71 9.76 11.06 6.33 0 0 152.24
Development
Water supply
0 7.07 9.43 7.07 0 23.57
CETP
0 14.61 14.61 10.96 10.96 10.97 10.98 73.09
Power supply
21.41 21.41 18.35 61.17
Contingency (5%)
4.09 5.39 2.61 1.45 0.86 0.55 0.55 15.50

PMC (1.5%)
1.29 1.70 0.82 0.46 0.27 0.17 0.18 4.89

Total 2.00 87.66 115.42 55.66 31.09 18.48 11.68 11.68 332.46

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9. Revenue Streams
9.1. Revenues & Expenses
9.1.1. Revenues
i. Sale to BPCL

The KINFRA Petrochemical Park envisaged a considerable parcel of land to be reserved for BPCL
activities, which will feed its feedstock to the downstream manufacturers in the Park.
The park planned earmarked a large parcel of land in the middle flanked by prospective downstream
units and effectively connected with external road developed for the park. BPCL activity will be the
first tenant for the park having a plot of 170 Acres. KINFRA will sell the land to BPCL at a virtual cost
price. A total of Rs. 400 Crores will be the cost of the land.
Table 9-1: Cost to BPCL
A. Total plot size of BPCL Acres 170

B. Add: Apportioned area of External connectivity area for BPCL @36% Acres 5.52
(Acres)
C. Total land to BPCL Acres 175.52

D. Cost Per Acre bought from FACT Rs. 2.03

Crore
E. Total Cost of Land Rs. 356.31
crore
F. Add: Apportioned cost of external connectivity development (~35% of Rs. 6.66
Rs. 19.17 Crore) Crore
G. Add: Apportioned cost of Preliminary & preoperative expenses (35% of Rs. 0.70
Rs. 2.0 Crore) Crore
H. Arrangement cost @10% of E+F+G 36.37

I. Total cost to BPCL Acres 400.04

ii. Revenues from pay per use of utilities

 Power

The power will be obtained from Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) from their 110 KV line at a cost
of Rs. 5.10 per unit and a charge of Rs. 290 per KVA collected Load. KINFRA will be a licenced
distributor to KSEB. Then will distribute to all the tenants according to their needs. On the basis of the
infrastructure create for the distribution a fee of Rs. 0.70 will be levied per unit of consumption. The
power cost per unit will be Rs. 5.80.
 Water

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The potable water will be obtained from the same source of BPCL at a cost of Rs. 40 per Kilolitre.
KINFRA will store and distribute water to its tenants. The water works will also distribute recycled
wastewater received from the Central Effluent treatment Plant. Considering the cost of infrastructure
and the cost of Recycled wastewater Rs. 70 per kilolitre will be levied.
 Waste Water Treatment and Recycling of Water

A Central effluent Treatment plant (CETP) with zero liquid discharge technology (ZLD) will be set up as
per the needs of environment board. The wastewater / sludge will be pumped in from each of tenants
and treated. The dry sludge will be disposed of in the specified landfill near the park and water
retrieved (near 90%) will be distributed back to the tenants to meet their process needs.
The cost of managing and processing costs are between Rs. 150 to Rs. 200. Considering the cost of
infrastructure Rs. 110 per kilolitre will be levied.
iii. Operations & Maintenance Fee

This cost is applicable for maintaining the park estate including the roads (Both Internal & External),
the park terrain, gardens, Administration and & amenities. On the basis of the incurred towards O&M
a flat Rs. 4.5 Lakhs per acre per year will be levied to the tenants. This rate is comparable to other
parks across the country especially the petrochemical park in Mangalore.
iv. Plot Pricing

The bare cost of the KINFRA parkland is around Rs. 5.2 Crore, which under any stretch is far removed
from the cost of industrial land across India including those designed and developed for petrochemical
and pharmaceutical industry. The prevailing prices are discussed in the marketing section of this
report.
Kerala is not a natural choice for any investor to set up petrochemical and pharmaceutical industry
compared to state of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Telangana (Hyderabad), which are hub of such activities.
Besides Kerala has a very small local demand to cater to. Most of the demand of petrochemical
industry is in Gujarat and Maharashtra. Kerala is also perceived not very industry friendly and the level
of industrialisation is also very low.
Kerala suffers from several negative factors which is to a large extent is offset by BPCL project
promising availability of feedstock which is normally and available and their derivatives are mostly
imported. The situation holds a promise but investors and more so with the low investment climate
prevailing in India the land price will be a critical issue. The park will have to provide more than
competitive pricing.
The land absorption considered based on market assessment as discussed earlier to arrive at the
revenues are provided below table.
Table 9-2: Land Absorption (Acres)
Years 1 2 3 4 5
Total (Acres) 65 68 14 27 15

Cumulative (Acres) 65 133 147 174 189

The success of this project will have a considerable economic impact to the state in terms of industrial
turnover, high investment, generation of GST and employment both direct and indirect.

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The following pricing is proposed to ensure low component of land cost (6.5%) in investment and
gradually pay for the land use with their earnings (.2% of turnover).
 The land will be made available in the park on a lease renewable every 30 years. The land
ownership will be with KINFRA. The total land for lease will be 189 acres.
 A onetime Rs. 1.5 Crore per acre will be levied as lease premium.
 Every year a lease rental equivalent to 5% of the cost of the land will be payable annually. (Rs.
30 Lakh per acre on a developed land price of Rs. 5.50 Crore).

The investor will not feel the impact of high land prices from this structure.

9.1.2. Expenses
The expenses will be in terms of Operations & Maintenance of the utilities and estate, the depreciation
and income tax component.
i. Market Development

As discussed in the market study section of the report a sustained intensive and extensive campaign
will have to be launched for next 5 years. An amount of 80 lakhs annually will have to be the budget
for the campaign annually.
ii. O&M expenses

A 5% is levied on all utility infrastructure (Power, Water and effluent treatment) and 3% on roads,
structures (Gates & Boundary Wall/Fencing), Administration Building and Estate on the Capital Cost
annually.
iii. Depreciation

40% depreciation has been considered on written down value for all utilities, roads, building and
structures as applicable under the law.
iv. Income Tax

A flat tax of 25% is levied along with a cess component of 15% amounting to 28.75%.
v. Escalation

A 6% escalation is likely both on the revenue as well on the expense side. This does not effect while
assessing the Internal Rate of Return and Net present value.

9.2. Project Viability

The project is more than viable. The IRR is around 9% before tax and virtually 6% after tax considering
overall investment of land and development cost. However, if only the development cost is considered
as an investment and the land which will in perpetual ownership of the Government (KINFRA) then
the IRR before tax and after tax which is very healthy.
The future earnings of State share of GST if considered due to this park then the IRR with both land
and development cost investment will be very high. The KINFRA Petrochemical Park Project on all
standpoints is viable. The cash flow generated in 13 years will repay the government of the funding
they will provide for procurement of land.

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The working results are detailed in below tables:

Table 9-3: Total Investment (in Rs. Crore - - Rounded off to nearest Integer)
Years >>> 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Land cost 998

Preliminary & Preoperative 2

Development Cost 82 108 52 29 17 11 11

Contingency (5%) 4 5 3 1 1 1 1

PMC (1.5%) 1 2 1 0 0 0 0

Total >> 1000 88 115 56 31 18 12 12

Table 9-4: Working Results (Rs. Crore- Rounded off to nearest Integer)
Years 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
REVENUES
BPCL Land
Transaction 400

Land Lease 98 102 21 41 23

Lease Rentals 16 33 37 44 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
CETP
Treatment Cost 1 4 7 9 11 13 13 14 14 14

Power
Distribution 2 8 15 19 24 26 27 28 28 28
Cost
Water
Distribution 0 3 5 6 8 9 9 9 9 9

O&M 3 6 7 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Total Revenue 400 117 141 67 106 105 90 98 104 106 107 107 107
EXPENSES
Marketing 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.8
Utility
Maintenance 0 0 1 3 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 6

Estate
Maintenance 0 0 3 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7

Contingency
(5%) 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Total Expenses 1 1 5 9 11 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14
Profit Before
Depreciation 399 116 137 58 95 92 77 85 90 92 93 94 94

LESS:
Depreciation 0 35 67 63 50 37 27 21 13 8 5 3 2

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Profit before
Tax 0 81 69 -5 50 55 50 64 78 85 89 91 92

Tax 0 23 20 0 14 16 14 19 22 24 26 26 27
Profit After Tax 0 58 49 -5 36 39 36 46 55 60 63 65 66
Cash
Generation 399 93 117 58 86 76 63 67 68 68 68 68 67

Cumulative
Cash 399 492 608 666 752 828 891 957 1025 1093 1161 1229 1296
Generation
Table 9-5: Cash Flow (Rs. Crore- Rounded off to nearest Integer)
Years >>
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Opening Cash
Balance 0 397 402 403 405 460 517 568 624 692 759 827 895 962
BPCL Land
Transaction 400
Internal accruals
from Operations 0 93 117 58 86 76 63 67 68 68 68 68 67 67
Less; Cost of
Development 1 88 115 56 31 18 12 12
Less: Preliminary
& Preoperative 2
Cost
Closing Cash
balance 397 402 403 405 460 517 568 624 692 759 827 895 962 1029

9.3. Project Sensitivity

The project is sensitive only to getting investors into the park. Lengthening the development timeline
can mitigate any delay from the forecasted land absorption plan. An initial cost of developing the
external connectivity, which any way will be required by BPCL, will be the only cost. The development
priorities can be shifted especially the boundary fencing and accent should be more towards land
levelling and grading.
The park will not meet any real risk.

9.4. Project Financing

The financing of the project will be from the land made available by the government and a Rs. 400
Crore proceeds from the sale of land to BPCL (Table 9-1). In addition to establish a CETP (ZLD) the
project will receive 11.25 Crore {Rs. 2.25 Crore subsidy will be made available for every MLD processed
in CETP by the Government of India. The processing capacity will be around 5 MLD. The total subsidy
receivable will be Rs. 11.25 Crore}.

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10. Cost Benefit Analysis &

Investment Criteria
10.1. Economic Cost benefit analysis
a. Impact
The park will have great impact to Kerala GDP and finances along with generating employment and
becoming a mini petrochemical hub in the nation. The park impact in particular will have on import
substitution and promote make in India as well ensure with the installation of zero liquid discharge
and recycling waste water precious water resource is conserved.
The actual performance of under full capacity (around 7th year of park operation) is summarised:
Table 10-1: Economic Impact
Particulars Unit Realisation Remarks
Area Usage Acres 189

Tonnage Produced Metric Tons 633400

Turnover Rs. Crore 9316

Import Substitution % 50% Made from immovable Feedstock

Investment Rs. Crore 3988

Connected Load KVA 62110

For Power
Fresh water usage KLD 2100 15% of system need

Recycled Water Usage KLD 4410 ~30% of system needs

GST earned for State (42%) Rs. Crore 700

Employment - Direct Numbers 3200

Employment - Indirect Numbers 4800

Source: Consultant Analysis

The park performance has considerable benefits and it outweighs the cost element multi-folds as is
clear in subsequent discussion.

b. Benefits
The benefits in Rupee equivalent is summarised:

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Table 10-2: KINFRA Petrochemical Park: Economic Benefit

PARTICULARS ANNUAL BENEFITS
(Rs.Crore )
TANGIBLE BENEFITS

Import Substitution (5% of 50% of turnover) 230

Saving in water with installation of Zero Liquid Discharge system 6

Direct Employment – New Wages 465

Indirect Employment – New Wages 70

Generation of taxes (42% of GST earned) 700

Total annual tangible Benefits 1471

INTANGIBLE BENEFITS

Contribution to State GDP Rs. 3,725

Creating a Chemical Hub -

Source: Consultant Analysis

c. Costs
The costs are in terms of land provided by the state and initial fund for development only. The
development cost of the project is completely recovered with the sale of land to BPCL and the land
cost is recovered in around 13 years with lease premium and lease rentals.
The annual tangible benefits are itself more than the overall project cost (Land + Development cost),
if you consider the intangible benefits it presents an excellent cost benefit.
d. Benefit / Cost Analysis
The cost benefit ratio is very healthy at all possible discount levels. The project is more than viable.
Table 10-3: KINFRA Petrochemical Park: Economic Benefit
Cost Benefit Ratio Discounting rate (%)

12% 10% 8% 6%

10 Years 4.51 5.04 5.67 6.40

15 years 6.39 7.40 8.64 10.15

20 Years 7.46 8.86 10.66 12.95

Source: Consultant Analysis

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Table 10-4: KINFRA Petrochemical Park: CBA Economic Benefit (Rs. Crore)
Costs & Benefits Discounting rate (%)

12% 10% 8% 6%

BENEFITS

10 Years 4272 4812 5441 6178

15 years 6058 7060 8286 9796

20 Years 7071 8456 10222 12500

COSTS
948 954 959 965

e. Project Risks
The project has very minimal risks. The development cost will be staggered depending on the response
from investors to set up the projects in the park. The BPCL with their plans will effectively bring to the
table the feedstock (Presently being met through imports) for consumption at the park. As the
Feedstock made available will be more than competitive with no real logistics cost which is otherwise
incurred in imports one does not foresee any issues in investors setting up their respective
manufacturing facility. The probabilistic possibilities creating some level of risk in the project along
with its mitigation is provided in table 10-5. As can be inferred the project risks can be effectively
mitigated.
Table 10-5: Risk Probabilities and its mitigation
Probable Risk Probability Mitigation

1. The BPCL Plant commissioning / 10% Can at best effect the land absorption.
production is delayed / not up to required
capacity

2. There is a further delay in development of 20% This can affect the marketing pitch for
the park land / investors.

3. The BPCL may not be in a position to 30% This could be a problem. However, the
provide the feedstock due their requirement in the park of feedstock is
commitment to units outside the park in only a 30-35% of the feedstock envisaged
India. to be produced by BPCL
4. The investors may take more time to 30% The development will be staggered in line
come in (Low level / delayed land with the response to land demand.
absorption)

Source: Consultant Analysis

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11. Environmental & Sustainability

Aspects
11.1. Preamble
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is the basic management tool to ensure the sustainable
development with proposed project implementation. In the process of EIA anticipated environmental
impacts due to proposed project identified including social and economic impacts, prior to decision
making for the project implementation. EIA is the decision-making tool, which guides the decision
maker to take appropriate decisions for proposed project. EIA study systematically examines both
beneficial and adverse impact due to proposed project to ensure that anticipated impacts can be
mitigated during operational phase of the project with resilience to climate.

11.2. Scoping
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Govt. of India through its
notification of 14th September 2006 and its subsequent amendments under the Environmental
Protection Act, 1986, classifies the projects under category – Cat.7 (c). The details of the categories
mentioned in the below given table are as follows:
Table 11-1: The Details of the Categories
Project or Activity Category with Threshold Limit Conditions if any
A B
7 (c) Industrial estates / If at least one industry Industrial estates Special condition shall
Parks / complexes in the proposed housing at least one apply
/ areas, export industrial estate falls Category B industry and
processing Zones under the Category A, area <500 ha. Note:
(EPZs), Special entire industrial area Industrial Estate of area
Economic Zones shall be treated as below 500 ha. and not
(SEZs), Biotech Category A, Industrial estates of housing any industry of
Parks, Leather irrespective of the area. area> 500 ha. and not category A or B does
Complexes. housing any industry not require clearance.
Industrial estates with belonging to Category A
area greater than 500 or B
ha. and housing at least
one Category B
industry.

11.3. Process of Environmental Clearance (EC)

The proposed ToR was presented to EAC, New Delhi on 26th July 2018 in 193rd meeting. The EIA will
be prepared as per the Terms of Reference granted and the EIA Notification. Further to assess the
impact on environment due to project activities during construction and operation phase, it is
necessary to ascertain present status of environment prevailing at the project site and proposed
operation including identification and Assessment of impact on the environment. EIA study will
include the impact of proposed project on present environmental status during its construction and
operation phase including cargo handling operations and risk assessment. Based on the impact
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assessment, environment management plan will be formulated. Whole study will be summarized and
concluded with some recommendations to attain sustainable development.
The public hearing as required under the Notification will be conducted as per the guidance of PCB in
line with EIA notification 2006 and as prescribed in TOR. The EIA report will be upgraded after public
hearing incorporating concerns of public raised at the time of Public Hearing.
Environmental Study has been carried out within 10 km radius of the project area over a period of
March - May 2018 (summer season).

11.4. Validity of Environmental Clearance

As per the provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006 and its amendments, the prior environmental
clearance granted is valid for a period of five years. This may be extended by a maximum of five years,
provided an application is made to the regulatory authority within the validity period with updated
Form 1 and Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIA/EMP Report).
As it is category A project, it will be mandatory for the project proponent to make public aware of the
environmental clearance granted for their project along with the environmental conditions and
safeguards at their cost by prominently advertising it at least in two local newspapers of the district
or state where the project is located and in addition, this shall also be displayed in the project
proponent’s website permanently.

11.5. Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring

It shall be mandatory for the project management to submit half-yearly compliance report in respect
of the stipulated prior environmental clearance terms and condition in hard and soft copies to the
regulatory authorities concerned on 1st June and 1st December of each calendar year.
All such compliance report submitted by the project management shall be public documents. Copies
of the same shall be given to any person on application to the concerned regulatory authority.

11.6. Transferability of Environmental Clearance

A prior environmental clearance granted for a specific project or activity to an applicant may be
transferred during its validity to another legal person entitled to undertake the project or activity on
application by the transferor or the transferee with a written “no objection” by the transferor, to, and
by the regulatory authority concerned, on the same terms and conditions under which the prior
environmental clearance was initially granted, and for the same validity period.

11.7. Generic Structure of EIA Documents

The contents of the EIA and EMP study reports have been arranged in 11 separate chapters as follows:
Table 11-2: EIA Report Structure

Chapter No. Chapter Heading Chapter Description

Introduction and Describes general information of Area development, purpose of the

project Background report, brief description of proposed Project, location and
connectivity, identification of project & project proponent, legislation
1.
applicable to Area Development, EIA report structure, ToR
Compliance etc.

Project Description This chapter elaborates the project salient features, location,
2. methods of estimation of reserves, manpower requirement, project
implementation schedule, proposed schedule for implementation,
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Chapter No. Chapter Heading Chapter Description

general features, site setting, site elevation and groundwater table

etc.

Description of the The chapter defines Physiography, topography, drainage, land use
Baseline geology and hydrology of study area, study period, concept and
Environmental methodology adopted for baseline data collection, establishment of
3. Components baseline for valued environmental components covering physio-
chemical, biological and Socio-economic components and base maps
of environmental components.
Anticipated Assessment of anticipated environmental impacts due to
Environmental development activities. Suggesting measures for mitigating those
4. Impacts & impacts are the main core of this chapter.
Mitigation Measures
Alternative General information of alternative technology, alternate site, details
5. Technology of building materials, energy conservation, and transportation.

Environmental Describes the environment monitoring programme for area of

Monitoring concern and environment management group,
6. Programme Details of Environment policy/violation of environment
norms/hierarchal system and environment monitoring plan during
operational phase
Additional Studies Describes Risk assessment and Disaster Management, natural
7. resource conservation, impacts on Traffic, occupational Health and
Safety.
Project Benefits Describes social and other benefits of the project
8.
Environmental Describes the management plan to mitigate the impact of the project
9. Management Plan activities on environment
Summary and This chapter describes the brief summary of project and
10. conclusion recommendations
Disclosure of This chapter depicts the team of consultants engaged in the study
11. Consultant Engaged

11.8. Purpose of the Report

The purpose of the report is to establish the baseline environmental attributes in terms of scoping
clearance issued vide Minutes of 193rd Meeting of Expert Appraisal Committee for Projects related to
Infrastructure Development, Industrial estate / parks / complexes / areas, Export Processing Zones,
Special Economic Zones, Biotech Parks, Leather Complexes and National Highways projects held on
26th July, 2018 for the project “Petrochemical Park at Ambalamughal, Ernakulam District, Kochi,
Kerala”.

11.9. Brief of Project Details

KINFRA had been set up to unleash the industrial potential of Kerala. KINFRA is proposing to set up a
Petrochemical Park in Ambalamughal – Kochi, to be developed next to BPCL refinery on an area of
474.12 acres. The main motivation for setting up the Park in the region has been activated due to
proposed expansion of BPCL - Kochi plant which is expanding its refining capacity from 9.5mn tons to
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15mn ton through FCC route together with setting up a large petrochemical complex. The products
and by products from proposed petrochemical complex and refinery will offer the feedstock for
setting up various downstream petrochemical units in the region that will spur the economic
development of the entire area.

11.10. Site Information

The site details are summarised in the following in the table and explained in the following
subsections.
Table 11-3: Site Information Summary
Name of the Project Establishment of Petro Chemical Park at Ambalamughal

Land Area 474.12 Acres (excluding FACT road 7.67 acres).

Survey Numbers 1. Taluk: Kunnathunadu

Village: Puthencruz
Block No: 37, Survey Nos: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 40, 41, 43, 47, 48, 49,
205.
2. Taluk: Kanayannur,
Village: Thurivamkulam
Block No: 10; Survey No: 33
Nearest village Ambalamughal
Nearest Railway Station Ernakulam Junction (South Railway Station at 16km from Site boundary).

Nearest City in Kms Kochi at a distance of 25 km from the site boundary.

Nearest Airport Cochin International Airport (31km from site)

Nearest Highway SH-41 (8km from site)
Nearest Water Bodies Ambalamedu Lake
Water Supply  Water supply tapping from Kinfra Export Promotion Industrial Park
(KEPIP) approximately for a length of 5kms.
Manpower Required 9,330 (3,731 on permanent basis and 5,597 temporary)
Working Hours On shift basis, industries to run 24 Hours
Type of Industries Petro Chemical and Pharma
proposed
Categorization of  Categorization of industries are made based on the market
Industries survey and demand potential and Classification of industries
based on the pollution loads approved by State Pollution
Control Board.
Infrastructure  Designed as per the requirements by DTPC District Town Planning
Proposed Committee.

Estimated Cost of the Rs.333 Crores.

Project
Estimated Cost for 15% of Estimated cost of the Project.
EMP

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11.11. Environmental Sensitivity

The environmental sensitivity of the project site within a 15 km radius is provided in below table.
Table 11-4: Environmental Sensitivity Details
S. Areas Name / Aerial distances (within 15
No. Identity km.) Proposed project
location boundary.
1. Areas protected under international No None in the study area
conventions, national or local legislation for
their ecological, landscape, cultural or other
related values.
2. Areas which are important or sensitive for No There are no sensitive areas in
ecological reasons – Wetlands, water courses the immediate vicinity of the
or other water bodies, coastal zone, proposed Petro Chemical
biospheres. Mountains, forests etc. Park.

3. Areas used by protected, important or No None in the study area

sensitive species of flora or fauna for
breeding, nesting, foraging, resting, over
wintering, migration.
4. Inland, coastal, marine or underground No None in the study area
waters
5. State, National boundaries No None
6. Routes or facilities used by the public for No None in the study area
access to recreation or other tourist, pilgrim
areas
7. Defence installations No None in the study area
8. Densely populated or built-up area No The proposed site is a barren
land.
9. Areas occupied by sensitive man-made land Yes There are clinics and places of
uses (hospitals, schools, places of worship, worship like temples, masjids
community facilities) used by local villages in the
study area. As the proposed
project is development of an
industrial for petro chemical
park no negative impacts are
envisaged.
10. Areas containing important, high quality or No None
scarce resources (ground water resources,

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S. Areas Name / Aerial distances (within 15

No. Identity km.) Proposed project
location boundary.
surface resources, forestry, agriculture,
fisheries, tourism, minerals)
11. Areas susceptible to natural hazard which No None in the study area
could cause the project to present
environmental problems (earthquakes,
subsidence, landslides, erosion, flooding
Or extreme or adverse climatic conditions)

11.12. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

Based on the evaluation of baseline data and predicted impacts, suitable and plausible management
plans are to be formulated for implementation, to minimize the negative impacts in the environmental
attributes of land, water, air, noise, ecological and socio-economics. The implementation of all the
management plans should commence unbiased as and when applicable during construction or
operation phase. Various environmental management plans, designed within the framework of
statutory and regulatory requirements on environmental and socio-economic aspects to attain
sustainable development will be described.
Based on the identified potential impacts associated with the project, EMP will framed for the
construction and operation phases of the project, which will mainly include:
 Pollution abatement and adequacy of control measures
 Green belt development plan (suggesting suitable species, width of plantation, spacing, etc.)
 Water recycle/ reuse and rainwater harvesting proposal
 Recommendations of measures for noise abatement
 Possibility of use of solar energy and alternative source of energy to reduce the fossil energy
consumption
 Suitable mitigation measures for various potential impact causing activities
 Budgetary estimates for implementation
 Administrative and Technical Setup for Environmental Management:
 Occupational health and safety: Occupational health & safety needs attention both during
construction, erection, operation and maintenance phases.
 Institutional arrangements/framework for environmental management. The effective
implementation and close supervision of the environmental management to mitigate the
environmental impacts, which are likely to arise due to the construction and operational
phases. The institutional mechanism recommended for the implementation of the mitigation
measures will be presented in EIA report.

11.13. Environmental Monitoring Plan

Environmental Monitoring Programme covering the technical aspects (including methodology,
parameters, frequency, location, etc., and budgetary estimates) of monitoring to check the
effectiveness of mitigation measures during construction and operation phases of the proposed
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project has been formulated and the same will be implemented. The effective implementation and
close supervision of the environmental management to mitigate the environmental impacts, which
are likely to arise due to the construction and operation phases of the project could be achieved
through a suitable institutional mechanism. Following table presents the environmental monitoring
framework for the project where parameters, frequency and no. of samples for the environmental
monitoring are suggested.
Table 11-5: Environmental Monitoring Plan
S. No. Attribute Parameters Frequency No. of
Samples
1. Ambient Air SO2 μg/m3, Six Monthly 10
3
Quality NOx μg/ m ,
PM10 μg/ m3,
PM2.5 μg/ m3,
Lead μg/ m3,
CO mg/ m3,
Ammonia μg/m3,
O3, Benzene (C6H6), Benzo-Pyrene
(BaP), Arsenic (As), Nickel (Ni),
Hydrocarbons (HC), Volatile
Organic Carbons (VOCs)
2. Noise Quality Leq Noise Level in dB (A), 24 Hrs Six Monthly 10
(Day and Night)
3. Water Quality
Ground water As per IS: 10500:2012 & its Six Monthly 2-5
& Surface amendments / IS: 3025, 1632 /
Water quality APHA

Physical & Chemical parameters:

pH, Temperature, Electrical
Conductivity, Turbidity, BOD, COD,
DO, Odour, Colour, Taste, Total
Suspended Solids (TSS), Total
dissolved solids (TDS), Total
alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium
Hardness, magnesium, calcium,
chlorides, Sulphates, Nitrates, Iron,
potassium, Silica, Oil & Grease,
Phenolic Compounds, Fluoride,
Residual Chlorine, Cyanide (CN),
Cadmium, Lead (Pb), Bicarbonates,
Zinc, Copper, Iron, Aluminium,
Arsenic, Manganese, Total
Chromium, Nickel, Boron, Anionic
Detergents, Mercury
4. Soil Analysis Physical parameters: Six Monthly 10 Samples
Texture (%), porosity, bulk density,
Specific gravity, Moisture,
Temperature & water holding
capacity
Chemical parameters:
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pH, electrical conductivity,

magnesium, calcium, Calcium
Hardness, Total alkalinity, chlorides,
sodium, potassium, Total organic
carbon, Total Organic matter,
available potassium, available
phosphorus, nitrogen, salinity,
Bicarbonates, Zinc, Lead, Copper,
Iron, Nitrogen, Sulphates, Sulphur,
Fluorides, Selenium, Manganese,
Chromium, Nickel, Cation Exchange
Capacity (CEC),

5 Monitoring of Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Hourly, continuous for 30 Days

Micro Temperature and Relative one season.
Meteorology Humidity, Rainfall, Solar Radiation

11.14. Environmental Management Cost

A site-specific Environmental Management Plan (EMP) shall be prepared for avoiding, mitigating,
monitoring the adverse impacts envisaged on various environmental components during construction
and operational phase of the project. About 1% of the project cost is estimated to be earmarked for
environmental management activities.

11.15. Additional Studies

11.15.1. Traffic and Transportation Management Plan
The assessment of existing connectivity, Internal traffic assessment, external traffic assessment will
be carried out for Petrochemical Park and forecast of future traffic on the existing traffic status will be
imposed which will give the impact of project on present traffic status. On the basis of this study traffic
management plan will be developed.

11.16. Disaster Management Plan (DMP)

A broad Disaster Management Plan (DMP) shall be prepared in conjunction with and taking into
consideration all technical reviews and suggestions as per acceptable norms. A broad structure of on-
site and off-site emergency preparedness plans shall be prepared. Occupational health and safety
aspects shall be covered. Emergency evacuation during natural and man-made disaster will be
covered in DMP.
The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment,
protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of
priorities. For effective implementation of DMP, it should be widely circulated and a personnel training
is to be provided through rehearsals/drills. To tackle the consequences of a major emergency at the
project location or its immediate vicinity, a DMP has to be formulated.
A framework for DMP will be prepared to minimise damages in the event of a disaster. An On-Site
Emergency Preparedness Plan and Off-Site Emergency Preparedness Plan will be broadly prepared to
deal with emergencies and prevent disasters.

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An institutional framework with clear assignment of roles and responsibilities will be broadly prepared
with which location of Emergency Control Centre and Assembly Points will be identified.
Communication system and alarm systems for effective communication in the event of a disaster are
broadly identified. DMP for natural hazards such as cyclones was broadly prepared. Mutual aid
scheme, composition of District Level Emergency Committee and aspects relating to community
involvement for dealing with off-site disasters were broadly prepared.

11.17. Project Benefits

The development of the Petrochemical Park in Kochi is being envisaged by KINFRA taking into
consideration the overall development of Industries in the state. The Nation, the State and the region
will have impetuous benefits from such development, such as:
 Skill development and Training to the local population
 Localizing the global/domestic value chain
 Technology transfer
 Foreign Direct Investment
 Improved working condition
 Shifting of manpower resources from low productivity to high productive activities
 Augmentation of existing clusters
 Diversifying the local industrial base
 Shifting activities from unorganized to organized sector
 Convergence of population and thereby enhanced local consumption and spending
 Project development will also attract hotel business, banking sector, small eateries,
construction, transport and other supply services
 Better quality of educational and medical facilities to the local people
 Improved Local Infrastructure
 Improved socio-economic conditions
o Health facilities
o Education Facilities
o Skill Development Activities
 Employment Opportunities
 Increase in Per Capita Income
 Revenue Generation

11.18. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

As a responsible company towards the development of social conditions in the vicinity of the
Petrochemical Park, KINFRA shall implement the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities. This
shall be based on the gap assessment in and around (up to 10.0 km radius from Project site) villages.
A capital cost shall be earmarked towards CSR activities. Annual recurring CSR Cost would be 2% of
the average net profits of the three immediately preceding financial years of the Petrochemical Park.
The key thrust areas for CSR activities will be:
 Environment
 Primary Education
 Health Care
 Employment Skill & Job Trainings

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 Environmental Services and climate resilience

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12. Risk Assessment & Mitigation

Measures
12.1. Anticipated Environmental and Social Impacts and their Mitigation
Measures
Potential impacts on environment due to the proposed project during construction have been
summarized in below table. The impacts due to the project location are generally irreversible and
cannot be mitigated through environmental enhancement measures. However, impacts related to
construction are normally short term, which can be off-set to a large extent by observing a set of
precautionary measures. The impacts during operation phase are permanent and can be mitigated
following environment management plan provided in next section strictly.
Table 12-1: Potential Environmental Impacts
Environmental Pre-construction/Construction Phase Operation Phase
Aspects Activities Potential Impacts Activities Potential Impacts
Impact on  Construction of  Change in natural  Storage of raw  Change in river
Water road drainage materials water quality
Environment  Setting up of Labor  Water Pollution  Sewage due to
camps from labor camps generation wastewater from
 Other construction  Pollution in  Oily effluent stack yards,
related activities Chitrapuzha River from sewage, bilge
 Run off from the maintenance and ballast.
construction area area
 Run off from
loading
unloading area
Impact on Air  Operation of  Dust emissions due  Vehicle  Vehicular
Environment vehicles and to construction movement pollution
Construction activities and  Cargo Handling  Industrial
machinery vehicle movement  Emission from hazardous fumes
 Fuel burning at  Emissions from process area in atmosphere
labor camps labor camps,
vehicles, machinery
and DG sets
Impact on  Operation of  Increased noise  Operation of  Increase in noise
Noise vehicles and levels from heavy vehicles and
Environment Construction machinery and  Operation of
machinery increased human process
activities machinery
Impact on  Quarrying for fill  Loss of vegetation  Cargo Handling  Impact of run off
Ecology material due to site clearing  Run from materials on
 Construction of including mangroves process units aquatic flora and
road (if present) fauna.
 Clearing of site and  Loss of habitat to
land levelling birds and small
animals
Impact on  Construction  Discomfort to  Operations Negative Impacts
Socioeconomic activities Nearby  Traffic  Discomfort to
 Traffic Movement communities due to movement nearby
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Environmental Pre-construction/Construction Phase Operation Phase

Aspects Activities Potential Impacts Activities Potential Impacts
noise, air and water Communities due
pollution to noise, air and
 Increased traffic water pollution
movement Positive Impacts
 Occupation health  Increased Jobs
issues  Increased
Business
opportunities
 Better roads
 Community
development
programs

12.1.1. Impacts during Construction Phase

The construction phase, in general, has adverse influence on all the components of environment. Most
of these impacts are short lived and reversible in nature, hence proper care is must to minimize the
disturbance so as to the restoration of natural and ecological services.
A) Impacts on Land and Soil

The proposed Petrochemical Park is located within the existing Industrial Estate limit and all the land
used for the provision of facilities belongs to the KINFRA. Moreover, present road and railway
connectivity will be augmented to support new development, few new internal roads will be
developed.
The anticipated impact during construction of the project are soil contamination that may be caused
from roadside litter, oil spillage from machinery, sanitation and waste disposal, spillage of hazardous
chemicals etc. Any soil contamination will also impact river water as the site is located near the river
Chitrapuzha.
Mitigation Measures
Considering the activities and their impact on land and soil the following mitigation measures are
discussed below.
 All the waste has to be collected and nothing to be dumped on land or water.
 The contractor will be held responsible to clean all debris before leaving the construction site
 and also, to make necessary arrangements with scrap dealers to sell off the waste scraps.
 The waste from labor camps and administrative activities during construction will all be
disposed of through municipal facility.

B) Impacts on Water Quality

Impacts on water resource are two-fold, one increased water demand and disposal of wastewater.
Additional water demand due to this project is anticipated towards construction activities and drinking
water needs for labors and employees. At present water is sourced from KINFRA Export Promotion
Industrial Park (KEPIP) and the same source is planned to be used to supply for the Petrochemical Park
also. KEPIP is 100% subsidiary of KINFRA. It is generally assumed that 80% of the domestic

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consumption is generated as sewage, which if discharged untreated will act as a source of water
pollution. Wastewater generated will be treated in STP.
Other sources of contamination are accidental disposal of construction debris and spillage of oil and
grease from the vehicles and construction machineries.
The construction activities have potential influence on the water resources within the activity area.
Natural drainage may be impacted due to the provision of the road network and hence it needs careful
planning.
Mitigation Measures
In order to mitigate negative impacts on water that are expected from the project, the following
measures will be implemented:
 Chitrapuzha river is on the west side of the project boundary. Proper greenbelt will be
developed along the water body as per the guidelines. The development shall be carried out
in such a way to ensure proper drainage by providing surface drainage systems including
storm water network, etc.
 The embankments of any surface water bodies will be raised to prevent contamination from
run-off.
 Workers shall be provided proper sanitation facilities including mobile toilets vans.
 All the wastewater will be collected and treated using soak pits and sludge from soak pits will
be cleaned.
 The construction site and camp will be provided with temporary drainage to avoid water
stagnation/ ponding near work and camp sites to curb vector borne diseases;
 Fuel/ oil storage will be sited away from any waterbodies; leakage of oil wastes from oil
storage and vehicles shall be avoided in order to prevent potential contamination of streams
or ground water;
 Surface runoff from machine operations, oil handling areas/devices will be treated for oil
separation before being discharged into the river;
 Waste Oil/ grease/ lubricants are categorized by MoEF&CC as Hazardous Wastes. All such
waste will be collected and stored at a protected place and sold to a vendor authorized by
Kerala PCB or MoEF&CC.
 No construction activity will be undertaken during monsoon period.

C) Impact of Air Quality

Air emissions due to construction activities, fuel burning, vehicle movement, machinery and DG sets
are the most significant sources of air pollution during construction phase.
Air pollution can cause significant impacts on the environment, and subsequently on humans, animals,
vegetation and materials. It primarily affects the respiratory, circulatory and olfactory systems in
humans. In most cases, air pollution aggravates pre-existing diseases or degrades health status,
making people more susceptible to other infections or the development of chronic respiratory and
cardiovascular diseases.

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Mitigation Measures
 Power supply from State Electricity Board shall be sourced for electrically operated
construction machinery/equipment.
 The use of DG set would be limited to backup during power failure;
 Dust suppression systems (water spray) will be used near the earth handling sites, asphalt
mixing sites and other excavation areas to reduce the wind-blown fugitive dust emissions.
 Earth moving equipment, such as bulldozer with a grader blade and ripper will be used for
excavation work.
 Excess idling of construction equipment as well as vehicles to be prohibited.
 The labors shall be provided with clean fuel so that they neither cut the trees for fuel wood
nor burn firewood.
 Vehicles and construction equipment will be fitted with internal devices i.e. catalytic
converters to reduce CO and HC emissions.
 All stationary machines/ DG sets / construction equipment emitting the pollutants will be
inspected weekly for maintenance and shall be fitted with exhaust pollution control devices;
 Vehicles and machineries will be regularly maintained to conform to the emission standards
stipulated under Environment (Protection), Rules 1986.
 “No Objection Certificate (NoC)” for setting up of crusher, hot-mix plant and DGs will be
obtained from Kerala Pollution Control Board;
 Ensure that all vehicles must possess Pollution under Control (PUC) Certificate and shall be
renewed accordingly;
 All the roads in the vicinity of Project site and the roads connecting quarry sites to construction
sites will be paved to minimize the fugitive emissions.
 If any of the road stretches are not paved due to some reason, then adequate arrangements
will be made to spray water on such stretches of the road.

D) Impacts on Noise Quality

During construction phase, there could be high noise levels due to operation of various construction
equipment and increased number of vehicles supplying man and material to the site. It is known that
continuous exposure to high noise levels above 90 dBA affects the hearing acuity of the
workers/operators or residents and hence, require mitigation planning.
Mitigation Measures
 The construction works will be carried out during the day time. The work hours should be
limited depending on convenience of the local people.
 Noise levels of machineries used shall conform to relevant standards prescribed in
Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986. Workers shall not be exposed to noise level more than
permitted for industrial premises, i.e. 90 dBA (Leq) for 8 hours; Exposure of workers near the
high noise levels areas can be minimized. This can be achieved by job rotation/automation,
use of ear plugs, etc.
 Labor camps shall be established away from high noise generating area. Workers exposed to
high noise level shall use ear plugs or ear muffs;
 Regular maintenance of all vehicles and machinery shall be made mandatory to keep noise
under check;
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 Any ‘High Noise Area’ shall be posted with warning signs and will have restricted access.
 Noise from air compressors could be reduced by fitting exhaust mufflers and intake mufflers.
 Chassis and engine structural vibration noise can be dealt with by isolating the engine from
the chassis and by covering various sections of the engines.
 Crushers, if any, will be fitted with rock lining to act as natural sound insulator during the
crushing process;
 Noise levels from the construction equipment can be reduced by fitting of exhaust mufflers
and the provision of damping on the steel tool.
 It is proposed to develop a greenbelt within the project premises including along the road
stretches.
 Noise from the DG set should be controlled by providing an acoustic enclosure or by treating
the enclosure acoustically.
 Regular monitoring and maintenance of all the equipment and DG sets shall be taken up to
keep a note on noise levels and to take corrective actions.

E) Impacts on Ecology

The land is an industrial area of approximates 500 acres original with FACT, further allocated to FRBL,
KEIL, M/s. BPCL Petroleum Complex and KINFRA Petrochemical Park 500 acres.
Area need to be cleared for construction purpose as due to heavy rain in this zone, growth of wild
plant is very high.
The major drainage features in the area are Chithra Puzha River which flows in close proximity to the
western boundary of the site and Ambalamedu Lake in the eastern side of the site. There natural
drainage of the site is from east to west towards the Chithra Puzha River. So, any run off containing
any hazardous material will flow to these water bodies affecting the aquatic life.
Mitigation Measures
 All care shall be taken that trees shall be protected as far as possible while site clearing and
infrastructure development.
 In consultation with Forest Department, more than twice number of the trees will be planted
in lieu of trees removed.
 No construction activity will be allowed during the monsoon season so as to avoid breeding
period of fishes.

F) Impact on Social conditions

Care will be taken to avoid any disturbance to the nearby local habitants w.r.t to traffic, noise or air
pollution due to construction activities. Local laborer’s will be hired for construction activities
generating employment opportunity in the area.

12.1.2. Impacts During Operational Phase

A) Impact on Water Quality

The most likely impacts from the operation phase of the project will be on the Chithra Puzha River
water, primarily due to (a) effluent from stack yard; (b) oily wastes such as bilge water, washing water,

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lubricant oil and other residues from vessels and machineries (c) sewage; (d) cargo spillage. All these
may lead to odor and degradation of water quality.
Mitigation Measures
 A sewage treatment plant will be provided to treat all the waste that is expected to be
generated due to project operations.
 Effluent generated from stack yard will be treated in a settling tank. The sludge produced will
be mainly dust, which will be dried on sludge drying beds.
 The effluent from workshops, oil storage, etc. will contain oil and grease particles which shall
be treated in an oil skimmer. The collected oily matter is stored in cans and disposed of
through authorized waster recycler.
 Strom water drain shall be made to collect run off from rain but care shall be taken that it is
not contaminated.

B) Impact on Air Quality

Vehicle traffic to service cargo at the Petrochemical Park, emissions from process units, cargo handling
and fuel burning at labor camps are the major source of air pollution during operation phase.
Mitigation Measures
 All the process unit need to adopt air pollution control devices as per the guidelines of
respective processes.
 All vehicles shall have a valid PUC certificate and regular maintenance shall be mandated.
 All the roads in the vicinity of the project site will be paved or black topped to minimize the
entrainment of fugitive emissions.
 If any of the road stretches cannot be blacktopped or paved due to some reason or the other,
then adequate arrangements will be made to spray water on such stretches of the road.
 For wind generated dust, a windshield with a wire mesh fencing with fast growing creepers
up to a height of 10 m around the stockyard shall be installed.
 In addition to all the above measures, a 10m wide greenbelt will be developed for dust
arresting proposes.
 No unauthorized labor settlement shall be allowed in the vicinity of the project.

C) Impact on Noise Quality

Noise due to equipment and vehicles and human activities will be chief sources. Noise from vehicles
will be attributed to the engine, vibration, friction between tyres and the road, and horns. Increased
levels of noise depend upon volume of traffic, road condition, vehicle condition, vehicle speed, and
congestion of traffic and the distance of the receptor from the source.
Mitigation Measures
 Noise levels of process equipment used shall conform to relevant standards prescribed in
Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986. Workers shall not be exposed to noise level more than
permitted for industrial premises, i.e. 90 dBA (Leq) for 8 hours;
 Exposure of workers near the high noise levels areas can be minimized. This can be achieved
by job rotation/automation, use of ear plugs, etc.
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 Workers exposed to high noise level shall use ear plugs or ear muffs;
 Regular maintenance of all vehicles and machinery shall be made mandatory to keep noise
under check;
 Any ‘High Noise Area’ shall be posted with warning signs and will have restricted access.
 It is proposed to develop a greenbelt within the premises including along the road stretches.
 Noise from the DG set should be controlled by providing an acoustic enclosure or by treating
the enclosure acoustically.
 Regular monitoring and maintenance of all the equipment and DG sets shall be taken up to
keep a note on noise levels and to take corrective actions.

D) Impact on Ecology

Once Petrochemical Park is in operation, major impacts are anticipated from industrial processes,
cargo handling and wastewater discharge.
Release of heavy metals and other chemicals and compounds from the spilled cargo in long run may
cause bioaccumulation of these substances in sediment as well as aquatic flora and fauna.
The constituents of oil are toxic to aquatic life and release of oil contents on to water will result in
formation of a shining film on the surface of water which prevents dissolution of oxygen across the
surface of water. Moreover, oil gets accumulated on the body of the small species of fish or
invertebrates and coat feathers and fur, reducing birds' and mammals' ability to maintain their body
temperatures.
Once the project is operation, a green belt will be developed around the project site and river
shoreline.

Mitigation Measures
The following actions shall be taken to avoid any major damage due to oil spill:
 Booms, skimmers and dispersant inventory shall be maintained to contain spill at the project
location.
 All recovered oily material shall be disposed-off properly. Either to waste oil dealers or
dumped in secured landfill sites.
 Run off from the cargo handling area will be treated in ETP before discharging to water body.

E) Impact on Socio-economic Conditions

It is envisaged that during operation stage impacts are mostly positive in nature. Once the project is
operational, the project has several benefits to the immediate affected community and society in
large.
The following positive impacts envisaged from the project:
 Employment generation for locals
 Development of road connectivity
 Business opportunity due to ware-housing, cargo handling (stevedoring), transport
requirements. In addition, under Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives will be undertaken
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in consultation with the local administration and local population to benefit local population
and environment.

12.2. Project Risks

The project has very minimal risks. The development cost will be staggered depending on the response
from investors to set up the projects in the park. The BPCL with their plans will effectively bring to the
table the feedstock (Presently being met through imports) for consumption at the park. As the
Feedstock made available will be more than competitive with no real logistics cost which is otherwise
incurred in imports one does not foresee any issues in investors setting up their respective
manufacturing facility. The probabilistic possibilities creating some level of risk in the project along
with its mitigation is provided in below table. As can be inferred the project risks can be effectively
mitigated.
Table 12-2: Risk Probabilities and its Mitigation
Probable Risk Probability Mitigation

1. The BPCL Plant commissioning / 10% Can at best effect the land absorption.
production is delayed / not up to required
capacity
2. There is a further delay in development of 20% This can affect the marketing pitch for
the park land / investors.
3. The BPCL may not be in a position to 30% This could be a problem. However, the
provide the feedstock due their requirement in the park of feedstock is
commitment to units outside the park in only a 30-35% of the feedstock envisaged
India. to be produced by BPCL
4. The investors may take more time to 30% The development will be staggered in line
come in (Low level / delayed land with the response to land demand.
absorption)

12.3. Conclusion
The project site faces no significant environmental or social issues. The master plan for the project has
been conceptualized in such a manner so as to reduce the environmental impacts of the project on
the surrounding settlements. The project shall bring in major investments to the region covering a
wide range of sectors – connectivity, industry, social infrastructure.
The project when fully operational also brings in direct and indirect employment, thereby opening up
employment opportunities for the youth in the catchment region. Additionally, the induced
development due to the Petrochemical Park, definitely bound to bring in more benefits to the local
population and the overall region. The proposed project will therefore immensely add to the social
economic value of the region.

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13. Project Management

Organization
13.1. Industrial Park Management
The industrial park management should look after the overall responsibilities for the industrial park
which includes the site management, management of infrastructure services and support services by
other companies. A detailed rules and regulation should be drafted covering all the following aspects,
for appropriate working for Petrochemical Industrial Park.

13.1.1. Site Administration

Administration of the entire Industrial Park shall be the primary responsibility of the management.
This includes governance (regulations on construction of buildings, contract management), site
development, site marketing, security management, emergency response and advocacy work for the
industrial park, compliance (regulatory contacts, environmental monitoring), energy management
(Promote green buildings, solar lighting, solar water heating, etc.), integrated risk management, etc.

13.1.2. Infrastructure Services Management

Infrastructure services required by industrial park shall include utilities supply (electricity distribution,
water treatment and distribution, gas, etc.), wastewater treatment including running of CETP, waste
management, operation of power plants, utility corridor, etc. Other services like central workshops,
fire prevention, security, ambulance services, health protection, public transport, public markets,
facility management, process and plant safety, training and developments, public parking places shall
also be proposed under this division. Further the roles and responsibilities of developer and member
industries coming up in the industrial park are as discussed in following table.
Table 13-1: Roles and Responsibilities of Developer and Member Industries
S. Responsibility of member
Components Responsibility of developer
No industry
1 Water supply Required water for the member industries in Member industry will pay the
all zones for process, cooling and domestic user charge for the supply of
usage shall be supplied by developer. water.
Cooling water required by captive power plant
shall be based on sea water and a separate
pipeline shall be laid.
Groundwater shall not be withdrawn at any
stage of the project.
2 Water Treated sewage from the STP shall be reused Member industry should adopt
recycle / for greenbelt/green areas application. recycle/reuse methodologies
reuse to the extent possible.
3 Wastewater Developer will provide the wastewater Wastewater conveyance
collection / conveyance system through pipeline from (pipeline) within industry shall
conveyance member industry holding tank to respective be provided by member
CETP, in case of Industries which would like to industry.
utilise the industrial park CETP facility.

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S. Responsibility of member
Components Responsibility of developer
No industry
Developer will provide the conveyance system
for treated wastewater from industry holding
tank to common guard pond, in case of
industries which would like to have full-
fledged treatment facility in their premises.
4 Wastewater Developer shall provide the CETP for Industries which would like to
treatment treatment of effluents based on type of have full-fledged treatment
and disposal industry in case of industries which would like
facility in their premises should
to utilise the industrial park CETP facility.
treat the effluent up to marine
discharge standards.
The marine discharge facility of treated Industry specific critical
wastewater shall be provided. pollutants shall be treated
upto marine discharge
standards.
5 Treated i. Developer shall monitor the treated i. Industries which would like
wastewater wastewater at following locations on daily to utilise the industrial park
monitoring basis, in case of industries which would CETP facility, monitoring of
protocol like to utilise the industrial park CETP wastewater on daily basis
facility: by member industry shall
 Member industry wastewater holding be carried out as per CETP
tank with online monitoring facility for inlet standards at
pH, TDS, COD and TOC, for other respective holding tanks
parameters like heavy metals shall be with online monitoring
monitored by manual collection of facility for pH, TDS, COD
wastewater samples by the developer. and TOC.
 Respective CETP guard pond Industries which would like to
 Common guard pond have full-fledged treatment
Developer shall monitor the treated facility in their premises,
wastewater at member industry holding tank wastewater monitoring on
on daily basis which shall comply marine daily basis by member industry
discharge standards in case of industries at holding tank shall be carried
which would like to have full-fledged out as per marine discharge
treatment facility in industry premises. standards.
6 Rainwater Rainwater harvesting pits in green areas shall Rainwater harvesting pits in
harvesting be provided. industry premises shall be
provided.
7 Waste Sludge generated from STP shall be Member industry shall have
management composted and will be used as manure for their independent Hazardous /
greenbelt / green areas development. Non-hazardous waste
collection and segregation
CETPs shall have a temporary storage facility system.
for 30 days, wastes shall be periodically Industries shall have a
disposed to nearby TSDF. temporary storage facility for
30 days detention which will
be designed as per the
requirement. Wastes shall be

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S. Responsibility of member
Components Responsibility of developer
No industry
periodically disposed to nearby
TSDF by the member industry.
Industries shall follow “The
Hazardous Wastes
(Management, Handling and
Transboundary Movement)
Third amendment rules,
2010”.
8 Post project Developer shall conduct post project Industry specific critical
environment environmental monitoring as per the post pollutants shall be monitored
al monitoring project monitoring programme. at industry level.
The air quality results of industrial park area
shall be displayed at main entrances.
9 Stack - Stack monitoring shall be
monitoring carried out by member
industry.
10 Greenbelt Greenbelt development along industrial park Greenbelt / green areas shall
development boundary and green areas in common areas be developed in the industry
shall be developed. level as per Kerala Pollution
Control Board norms.
11 Strom water Strom water collection along roads, common Strom water collection within
management areas and utilities shall be provided. the industry shall be provided
and discharge facility into the
common storm water drains
shall be provided.
12 Truck parking Truck Terminals means for truck parking are Member industry shall provide
provided at the main entrances of the on-site parking spaces for
industrial park. This parking space will serve trucks within the industry
the trucks until custom clearance to enter the premises.
industrial park.

13.1.3. Support Services Management

This includes planning and technology, telecommunications, logistics, technical inspection, business
center, media services; accounting services, travel services, catering services, financial services, etc.
for smooth operation of Petrochemical Industrial Park.

13.1.4. Organization Structure

A management committee shall monitor the activities of industrial park management. Under the
industrial park management, there should be individual departments organising various areas. These
include:
 Site administration – Overlooking construction, compliance with rules and regulation.
 Master planning – Compliance with overall master planning, future expansion, etc.
 Infrastructure services – Guidelines for use of services, monitoring, maintenance, etc
 Support services – management of business, technical, financial, marketing services.
 Legal aspects including leasing and contracting – contract management, etc.

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 Environmental responsibilities – Compliance with all aspect (MoEF&CC, CPCB, Green

buildings, etc.)
 Technology training and knowledge upgradation

The roles and responsibilities of different departments and integration of their horizontal and vertical
linkages with other departments and the overall structure of Industrial Park management shall be
clearly defined so as to ensure smooth functioning. There should be different committees and
platforms to address various issues related to the Industrial Park. Also, a public relations and grievance
redressal cell should be set up accessible to all the stakeholders of the project.

13.1.5. Contractual Relationships

The framework and major items of the contractual relationships should incorporate the
responsibilities, liabilities and the deliverables of all the parties involved. This shall include the
definition of level of services, control / authorization personnel, exchange / flow of information,
intellectual property rights etc.
Various contractual relationships include the lease contracts between Industrial Park and its occupier
of industrial plots, service contracts between industrial Park and infrastructure service providers like
the TSDF site for waste disposal, use of social infrastructure by nearby settlements, etc., and / or
service contract between Industrial Park and onsite support service providers restaurant / canteen
management, recreation provider, fuel depot, etc.

13.1.6. Industrial Park Rules and Regulations

Within the Industrial Park, a set of rules and regulations shall be applicable which defines the legal
obligations of various stake holders, guidelines regarding the health, safety and environment, by-laws
for industrial plots to be followed by the occupiers, use and promote alternative non-conventional
energy, water harvesting, waste disposal, etc. This is intended to build a uniform, coherent and vibrant
multi product industrial zone.

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14. Contract Management Strategy

14.1. Contract Management Strategy
 During execution of the Project, Project Management Consultancy (PMC) shall act as
representatives of KINFRA for reviewing and monitoring the progress quantity and quality of
the construction / equipment of the Project.
 PMC shall monitor the contractual obligations of the Contractor(s) and assist and advise APIIC
in ensuring the compliance by the Contractor(s).
 PMC shall from time to time advise KINFRA on fulfilment / default of the terms of the
contractual obligations by the Contractor(s) and review and recommend to KINFRA the actions
to be taken in each case.
 PMC shall review the drawings prepared by the Contractor(s), to ensure the following:
o Compliance to RFP/BID Conditions, specifications and standards
o Compliance to general safety and design standards
 PMC shall proof check the documents & drawings submitted by the Contractor (s) through
reputed organization(s) approved by KINFRA and shall monitor, co-ordinate, seek clarification,
design overview.

The PMC shall provide overall Project Management Services covering but not limited to the
following:
 Establish Project Management System and Procedures
 Planning & Scheduling Control and monitoring
 Cost Control
 Change order Control Management
 Project Documentation Control
a) The PMC shall plan and monitor Project Activity Schedule using Primavera P6 or MS
Project. The PMC shall review the overall Project Schedules/network, identifying critical
path, discussing with the Contractor(s), conducting weekly monthly review meetings,
setting priority activities and target dates for completion of sub-activities, etc and the
timely completion of the Project.
b) The PMC shall also produce one Master Overall schedule and report overall progress
every fortnight. The PMC shall prepare detailed discipline wise schedules for setting out
targets; coordinate and on request by Kinfra, assist Kinfra in work progress presentations
/ discussions as may be required.
c) The PMC shall monitor the Project (both physical & financial) during entire Project
duration and shall submit Dailey fortnightly reports as well as during intermediate
periods, as required by Kinfra. Cost Control of Project considering resource mobilisation
and resource levelling, Analysis of Project records; Identification of present conditions;
Forecasting requirements for completion; Preparation of incremental and cumulative
costs records.
d) The PMC shall review and update the networks and Project schedules regularly and take
/ initiate pro-active actions to avoid delays and ensuring timely completion of the Project
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and also suggest remedial actions to catch up the delayed activities. The PMC shall
develop Project Information system for highlighting slippage and hold up the
Contractor(s) for management, action and control.
e) The PMC shall be a single point contact for all technical and contractual matters as well
as site office coordination. The PMC shall coordinate the activities of all parties including
KINFRA to effectively deliver their services.
f) The PMC shall carry out the function of accounting, financial record and controls of all
the Project related activities including payments schedules and deliverables of
Contractor(s).
g) The PMC has to review and finalize Quality Control Manual and construction safety
manual to be prepared by the Contractor(s).
h) The PMC shall coordinate the activities such as site take over, discussion with KINFRA and
the Contractor(s), review Contractor ‘s work schedule, work plan and implementation
schedule as per the contract, review of master list of equipment’s and materials, review
of master list of personnel, review of the Contractor‘s insurance policy, making
arrangements for items like site office, laboratories etc.
i) In case of deviations / variations in the Project specifications, the PMC shall compute the
saving / excess in the Project costs due to the same, the time attributable to the
deviations, review and recommendation of the rate analysis, estimated quantity, Finance
implications etc.
j) The PMC shall address issues relating to specific site conditions, review matters related
to supervision of safety and environment management measures by Contractor(s) for the
Project.
k) The PMC shall supervise Quality control, commissioning procedures and assist KINFRA in
issuing certificate of satisfactory completion of works / milestones, establishment of
quality control lab at site by the Contractor(s). All the necessary Quality Control tests shall
be carried out by the Contractor(s) under the supervision of the PMC and the test results
to be accepted by the PMC and recommended to KINFRA.
l) The PMC shall make necessary arrangements for supervision in case the agency prefers
to work in the night shift, to keep the time lines as the case may be. The PMC shall extend
all the necessary cooperation to attend the RFP in the minimum possible time to enable
the contractor to maintain the progress duly fulfilling the quality requirements.
m) The PMC has to issue quality certificate (to ensure compliance with the technical
specifications and contract requirements) for the works being carried by the
Contractor(s).
n) Safety Control of both the public and the workforce through co-ordination with APIIC /
Contractor(s) to resolve the problems due to environmental impacts within the laws,
regulations and policies of the State. PMC to deploy senior safety officer to monitor
construction safety measures, keeping the blasting operations in view that may require
to take place by the side of the live Highway on which traffic is flying 24 x 7.
o) PMC shall evaluate the safety plan of the contractor both with respect to the work force
working in site and the people and traffic moving on the road., and suggest proper
measures to ensure max possible safety for the commuters, both due to the work and
also due to the movement of the work force and the construction fleet.

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p) The PMC shall undertake performance control with respect to the quality of works
materials proposed by the Contractor(s) and delivered to the Project site by conducting
the required test specified in the specifications periodically as set and approved by APIIC,
these will include:
i. Quality tests on all construction material & completed works as per requirement
and make sure they comply with the Standards & Specifications and accepted
method of quality control.
ii. Inspection & certification of quality equipment procured by Contractor(s) by
inspecting the manufacturer ‘s certificates and test results and ensure compliance
with the specifications including the calibration of equipment as per the necessity.
q) The PMC shall document the EPC Contractor ‘s activities & issue letters/work
instructions/notice recommendations as and when required.
r) While execution of the Project, in case of technical issues where execution drawings are
found not to be suitable / erroneous, the PMC shall come out with an engineering
solution to the problem being faced, and issue the revised drawings, by interacting with
the Contractor(s), KINFRA and co-ordinate for issuance of appropriate changes / revisions
and monitor the execution of the same incorporating the changes into the original plan
with supporting drawings.
s) The PMC shall hold Project site review meetings on weekly basis where KINFRA and other
officials of the KINFRA/Government may also be present. The PMC shall conduct
meetings and prepare MOM and follow-up action plan / action taken plan that shall be
reviewed in the next meeting.
t) The PMC shall submit the progress reports to KINFRA and in the formats required for
various government authorities as necessary. In addition, the PMC is required to update
and present the actual progress report as and when required for review by APIIC. The
PMC shall carryout, in coordination with KINFRA all the activities required for the safe
and timely completion of the Project without cost over-runs / minimizing Cost Overruns;
assure quality of work as per applicable standards in all activities related to the Project.
u) The PMC shall liaise with KINFRA and Contractor(s) to resolve execution related problems
encountered during the Construction Stage. The PMC shall also undertake the following
activities and where appropriate make suitable suggestions.
i. Assist KINFRA to address legal issues associated with the Contract. Any assistance
with respect to court cases and contract agreement needs to be provided.
ii. Analyse and allocate / apportion delays attributable to KINFRA, Contractor(s), etc
and suggest remedial as well as penal action. Assist in interpreting and applying
the various legal provisions of the contract documents, and in amicably resolving
disputes.
iii. If required, assist KINFRA in establishing a system to monitor the Project‘s
environmental impact indicators, review the data collected, evaluate the
effectiveness with which the environmental mitigation and monitoring measures
are implemented and recommend action to be taken.
iv. Provide effective and regular supervision of the works and ensure their quality
and conformity with the standards and specifications prevention rather than post
corrective remedial measures.

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v. Compile and review all day-to-day quality control data obtained from the
construction sites, and verify the accuracy of such data by random checks of the
records and by carrying out independent testing as necessary;
vi. Provide certification on the quality of works accomplished and on their conformity
to specifications and drawings; The PMC shall ensure that the works are
completed in accordance with the approved design.
vii. Examine and make recommendations on all claims from the Contractor(s) for time
extension, extra compensation, variation, order, change in scope or expenses or
other similar matters;
viii. Propose and present for approval any changes in the plans that may be deemed
necessary indicating any effect the changes may have on the contract and prepare
all required change orders;
ix. If the PMCs consider any item of work substandard or unacceptable, they will
advise the KINFRA in writing about it, providing full justifications thereof with all
necessary supporting data including test results;
v) Quality Assurance System
i. The PMC shall prepare and implement Quality assurance system with the approval
of the KINFRA. The PMC shall designate a quality assurance manager who shall
formulate and monitor the quality system for this project. He shall monitor project
quality standards and shall conduct regular checks and the documents shall be
released only after his concurrence.
ii. The quality of the services shall be ensured by deployment of resources –
personnel and equipment and through regular interaction with KINFRA.
w) Post Construction Phase
i. The PMC should perform performance tests on all the works to the satisfaction of
KINFRA.
ii. The PMC shall collect and submit as-built drawings duly checked, to be submitted
in 3 sets of hard copy bound and 1 set of soft copy in pen drive (Editable version).
iii. The PMC shall review and finalise all as- built drawings/data developed by the
Contractor(s)
iv. The PMC shall develop a detailed Inventory of items and the Project as a whole
v. The PMC shall submit final report, which will contain all technical and financial
information of the project right from conceptualization to completion. The final
report should be a complete comprehensive document including as-built
drawings, variations, problems faced, actions taken, major events, contract
changes, claims or disputes or any other substantive matters having an effect on
the cost and progress of the work etc.

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15. Implementation Schedule & WBS

15.1. Implementation Schedule
The industries occupying land in Industrial Park would expect world class utilities and services and it
is the responsibility of the management to keep up to the expectations. Since these are the major
revenue earners for the Industrial Park over the coming years, the level of service is critical for these
facilities. There are different options regarding the running of the facilities.
 Managing the facility with own staff
 Giving it out on contract basis (BOT, BOOT, etc).

The first option bestows the responsibility of performance to the Industrial Park management and
requires involvement of a dedicated wing for each of the facilities. The second option requires
establishing relation with a private service provider through a well worked out contract based on
which the running of the facility is awarded with Industrial Park management monitoring. The services
that may be taken up include:
 Wastewater collection and treatment (CETP and STP)
 Desalination plant
 Solid waste collection and disposal etc.

Assuming that the Development Contract will be awarded on a Single Package, a construction
sequence has been developed showing all the project related activities and is provided after this
section. The total time assumed for the activities is around 7 years till the date of commercial
operations and a detailed project implementation schedule has been provided below.

Figure 15-1: Project Implementation Schedule

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16. Statutory Clearances

16.1. Statutory Clearances
To set-up an industrial park some statutory clearances should be required and following table gives
about some list of clearances required for the industrial park development but all clearances should
not be required for every industrial park and it will be varying depends on the project location and its
surrounding environment’s.

S No Agency / Department Reason Type of Clearance / Approvals

2 Ministry of EIA appraisal Environment Clearance (EC)
Environment, Forest
and Climate Change
(MoEF&CC)
4 Coastal Regulation Coastal CRZ Regulations if applicable
Zone (CRZ) if applicable
6 PCB Water and Air Act Consent to Establish and Consent to
Operate
7 PCB Water and Air Act For construction bases establishment such
as batching plant, hot mix plant, etc.
8 Mining and Geology (if Construction material For nonexistence of important minerals in
applicable) sources and mining of the area
material resources
9 Forestry Certification for From DFO or PCCF
presence or absence of
forest area
10 Wildlife (if applicable) Presence of any wildlife Clearance or status letter from Chief
Wildlife Warden
11 Town and Country Town planning For building layout
Planning department
12 Archaeology To state that no Conservation and preservation ancient
Department (if archaeological related monuments. Buffer to be provided for any
applicable) structures exists archaeological monuments.
13 Explosives (if Explosive Act/ Rules For quarry operations for stock and safe
applicable) 2008 transport
14 Divisional Forest Office Tree cutting For cutting of existing trees

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17. Quality Management Plan

17.1. Quality Management Plan
The success of any projects is directly related to the successful management of the information and
sharing of information of that project. It is believed that it must have the systems and know how in-
house to control, co-ordinate and communicate all aspects of the complex information that will be
required to achieve success.
In-house Project Information System
A many different aspect involved in the project must be done on a coordinated manner more or less
continuously to ensure that the right information gets to the right place at the right time.
 Highly developed and tested Project Management Systems, including in-house developed
proprietary software, viz.

 Design & Value Management (Design Control Manual)

o Pre-defined document distribution system
o Pre-defined design data and basis for design
o Design codes and standards to be followed
o Cost benefit analysis and life cycle costing for different options with due diligence of
value engineering in each discipline, helps client in taking right decision and eases the
decision making
o Design compliance to Statutory controls
o Pre-defined drawing coding system
o Weekly DCM (Design co-ordination meeting) to address design related issues
o MSC (Monthly Steering Committees) to seek final approval of key issues and approval
of design in phases so that project team does not deviate from the objectives and
keeps the client apprised of the latest happenings in the design
o System of Change order, if client changes the brief / scope at later stage of the project,
advising and informing client on the repercussions of the change on cost and time of
the Project
o Standard templates for design control like design data sheet, change order, Punch List
(PL) - Site Investigations, PL-Design Issues etc.
o Drawing Index - to know which drawing is to be followed
o DRN (Drawing Review Note) and Check Prints to check the drawings and details
received from Design Consultant

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o Pre-defined Drawing Issuance Schedule (DIS) filtered from Project Master Programme
(PMP) and issued to relevant departments to warn them ahead of the drawing
requirement
o At last but not the least Design Audit for third party, if required

 Project Programming
o Should exploited the power of Primavera to generate Multi Level Project Scheduling
(MLPS), Interfacing of Primavera and Excel will be developed to generate of Weekly,
Monthly, Quarterly and Yearly Cash Flow from Project Master Programme (PMP)
Developed in Primavera (P3)
o Multi-Level Project Scheduling (MLPS) is carried out in Primavera (P3) separately for
 Project Master Programme (PMP)
 Detailed Design Programme (DDP)
 Detailed Construction Programme (DCP)
o Updating of PMP is done at site using SURE TRACK 2.0 and this information is fed in
P3 to generate different types of MIS reports

 Cost Management through - Financial Control Manual (FCM) Called - Red Book
o Project Data Sheet
o Quantity Surveying of each phase
o Project Financial Summary
o Status of Cost element as per Code of Account (COA) followed for the project
o Monthly Cash Flows
o Earned Value Reporting
o Copy of relevant Change Orders

 Quality Management - Orange Book

o Pre-defined procedure to ensure Quality job at each and every stage of project
through number of Check List (S) (CL)

 Regulatory Environment Management - Green Book

o Green Book will be maintained giving the Team Leader Green signal to go ahead with
the project as all relevant statutory consents will be met with at the stage where
project is.

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 Project Control Manual for Project Manager - Blue Book

o Team Leader manages the project with the help of Blue Book which aids and helps
him in controlling all aspects of the project

 Payment Certification - Control of Billing & Measurements

o Time bound Bill Clearing - Pre-Defined process for the flow of bill
o Pre-defined process for % level checks for measurements and audit function
o Change order for clearing extra items otherwise no extra payments will be
entertained
o System of number of pre-defined Punch List (PL) and Check List (CL) which helps from
Junior Most Manager to the Managing Director of the Company to arrest the
anticipated problem well in advance.

 Brief Outlay of Project Control Systems is illustrated below:

Computer Aided Project Management System:

Also, can undertake a Real-time Management by providing real time updates through a dedicated
web-site link (access provided to Client and PMC representatives). Construction updates will be in
terms of Daily Reports; Updated schedules; Photographs; Site issues with recommendations for
resolving the same. Some sample templates are mentioned in below page.

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18. Operations & Maintenance Plan

18.1. Operations and Maintenance Plan
The annual operation and maintenance expenditure on different components of the project have
been estimated considering the life of the component, repair and maintenance requirements,
consumables, etc., from the consultant’s data base. The costs are estimated as a percentage of the
capital cost (indicative) and are as follows:
 Roads - 3%
 Power Distribution Network – 3%
 Storm Water Drainage – 3%
 Fire Fighting – 2%
 CETP and STP – 7.5%
 Effluent and Sewage Conveyance Network – 3%
 Water Supply – 5%
 Secured Landfill – 5%
 Amenity Buildings – 2%
 Street Lighting – 3%
 Logistics and Packaging Complex – 3%
 Green Belt and Landscaping – 3%

The success of industrial parks depends on efficient and responsive management. A park’s managing
company must provide guidance and support so that business planning is conducted smoothly. Park
operation, maintenance, information, procedural support, and trouble-shooting; quick and effective
responses to customer demands are key parameters governing the success.
The Park operator will be responsible for the operation and maintenance of the following Basic
infrastructure inside industrial parks:
 Roads
 Drainage
 Water supply
 Sewerage
 Domestic solid waste disposal
 Electricity
 Common Utilities if any- Steam, DM water, fuel supply etc.
 Telecommunications / Broad banding
 Fire fighting
 Security and Surveillance
 Others

A basic responsibility of the operator will be to secure maximum value for money from the O&M of
the Park’s infrastructure assets. Operator can adopt various strategies to optimize the returns
generated from those assets; the framework in below figure offers a structured overview of

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management strategies (represented by the outer circle) and enablement strategies (represented by
the inner circle).

The key role of the agency or organization responsible for its management will be to;
 Be accountable for park property management and coordination of service provision to tenant
companies, particularly for common infrastructures and services as well as other forms of
industrial symbiosis.
 Increase the utility of the existing infrastructure asset, by maximizing its utilization and
enhancing its quality for each user.
 Decrease the total costs of providing the infrastructure service – not just by reducing
internalized O&M costs but also by mitigating the environmental and social externality costs.
 Increase the lifetime value, by extending the asset’s life to maintain the benefits over an
extended period,
 Play a core leadership role in designing and monitoring key performance indicators (KPIs) for
the park, looking at economic, social and environmental criteria.
 Provide an interface between tenant companies and the authorities. May act as a facilitator,
moderator and/or mediator.

The Park O&M strategy implementation is discussed under following heads:

a) Establish an effective park management model

An effective park management model will be set up to share and recover park level costs/benefits. It
will be necessary to think about the cost recovery model envisioned for the Park to ensure that: a) the
park management cost is factored into the cost-recovery strategy and b) tenant companies are willing
to pay for the services offered by the park operator. The design of the park would be optimized the
contributions from various revenue sources such industrial synergies within and outside the Park. It is
widely recognized that management is more effective when it provides incentives rather than inflating
subscriptions or service fees. This aspect will be examined in more detail.
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Depending on the existing context and policy frameworks, following park management models (or
combinations thereof) may be looked into:
 Public administration units or state-run companies, which can cover both the management
and some aspects of leadership of the industrial park
 Private associations, private companies or real estate agents, generally responsible for park
management aspects with participation in leadership remaining optional

Pragmatically, Park management models should be participative and decided at the earliest
development -al stage. Instead of reproducing forms of management from a pre-existing company or
government body (which can lead to bureaucracy), the selection will be based on a detailed
assessment, such as a Strength Weakness Opportunities and Threats Analysis (SWOT analysis). Each
management model presents advantages and disadvantages. It is possible to make general
observations;
b) Setting up of park operations and management functions

A management structure identifies units for particular functions. Those functions may be delivered by
the Park management staff itself or subcontracted to service providers. All functions need to be
rationalized following a lean management approach, which aims to maximize customer value while
minimizing inefficiencies in critical resources such as human effort, space, capital or time. Key
functions of park management which are particularly important to classify as an industrial park are:
c) Mobilize resources and ensure financial sustainability

Financial self-sustainability will be the basis of any Industry Park project operations. Therefore, from
the planning phase, it will be necessary to think about the model of cost recovery envisioned for the
conceived eco-industrial park and to ensure that:
 The management cost of the Industrial Park is factored in the cost-recovery strategy
 Tenant companies are aware of the added value of the Park management and are willing to
pay for the services offered by the Industrial Park operator/Manager

Tenant companies require a perceived (and prefer ably documented) value for money for the services
and lean management from the Park operator. The conditions under which investors and tenants are
invited may determine future willingness to pay.
d) Designing and rolling out Industrial Park plans

Park management will be responsible for translating the leadership vision for the -industrial park into
actionable plans that are aligned with applicable standards. It has to be a participatory process with
all the stakeholders and particularly the tenant companies to interpret those standards in specific
contexts and identify the interventions, objectives, resource and indicators using tools common to
any project management. The performance of the Industry Park management in upholding its duties
would form part of the plan.

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Key Performance Indicators

There are three primary reasons as to why it is important to administer and evaluate precisely the
performance of industry Parks as well as its implication toward the economy. Firstly, as Parks are often
financially supported by government or public sector that using parks as their agents to develop the
local economy, they remain accountable for their activities and their spending must continue to be
transparent. Private sector stakeholders also require a clear indication of the return on their
investment. The second reason is that Industry parks themselves must be able to show to the outside
world, either directly or via the media, how effective they are. An image of success plays a key role in
attracting tenants, talented people to work for the residents and in building local support and
understanding of the park ‘s activities. Finally, performance assessment is, as in the case of nearly all
other profit orientated businesses, essential for managers and stakeholders to develop the Industry
park ‘s model and objectives and to rectify any shortcomings.
Key Performance indicators (KPIs) can be classified into 4 groups namely: Commercial perspective,
Stakeholder, Image & Reputation, and Internal Business Process. The list could be very detailed and
comprehensive. Some of the more relevant KPI that are being used by some of the Industrial Parks
are as follows
1) The land area (in hectares), Space building available (m2). These are simple KPIs that are
suitable only for a newly established Industry Park.
2) The number of companies located in Industry Park, and the number of their employees.
Particularly on the amount of skilled labor, can be elaborated into several segments, such as Energy
Operator / Technician, Engineer, Research and Management.
3) The number of companies that have graduated from the Industry Park (along with the number
of their employees)
4) Rental income and other services per year and its growth
5) The type and quality of services provided by the Industry Park to support the operational
activities of the tenants such as (the internet, telephone, meeting rooms, administrative support,
networking events, virtual office services, accommodation, canteen, etc.). Service above bias in the
form of paid or made free for tenants.
6) The number and type of external support services available in the Industry Park to support
the business of the Tenants such as (bookkeeping, mentoring, graphic design, printing, marketing
consultants, PR consultants, legal consultants, etc). Those services can be provided free of charge by
the Industry Park management or provided in a professional manner by other companies as a third
party
7) The amount of access to capital obtained the Tenant (both from banks, government assistance
/ private / state, as well as from other investors such as Venture Capital Companies)
8) The number of new companies established in the local scale area (but outside the Industry
Park) as a result of their cooperation with the Tenant occupants Industry Parks.
9) Tenants or customer satisfaction Index
10) Number of new innovative products developed in the Park; No of start-ups created etc

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Service Level Agreements

A service-level agreement (SLA) is a commitment between the service provider (in this case the Park
Operator/Manager) and the tenant or the unit. Particular aspects of the service – quality, availability,
responsibilities – are agreed between the service provider and the service user. The most common
component of SLA is that the services should be provided to the customer as agreed upon in the
contract.
SLAs commonly include many components, from a definition of services to the termination of
agreement. To ensure that SLAs are consistently met, these agreements are often designed with
specific lines of demarcation and the parties involved are required to meet regularly to create an open
forum for communication. Rewards and penalties applying to the provider are often specified. Most
SLAs also leave room for periodic (annual) revisitation to make changes.
The Park operators SLA offers a reliable and cost-effective service package. They are tailored to the
exact requirements of the client and are designed to give them the support and peace of mind that
they require from operating within the Park. Agreements are customized to meet the client’s budget
and service expectations and give them access to the full portfolio of service offerings of the Park
operator. With an SLA one can have statement of objectives, scope of services to be covered, service
provider responsibility, an assured response /resolution time to site tenants, fixed costs and agreed
maintenance routines and penalties for contract breaches. The level of service can be defined for each
element of the contract which may include:
 Power supply agreements: Cost per KWH, fixed costs, reliability of supply/uptime per
calendar month, downtime, Power loss %, Resolution times for customer complaints,
penalties for breaches
 Effluent treatment Agreement: Acceptable BOD/COD levels from customers, cost of
treatment /cu mtr for various specs of effluents to meet national standards
 O&M Agreement: O&M expenses per sq.mtr per month, response time for customer
complaints, maintenance durations
 Water supply Agreement: Service coverage, water quality, per capita supply of water, service
hours, billing of services, Interruptions of water supply, Pressure in the network-minimum
flow rate, Quality of discharge sewer etc.
 Waste water Management: Coverage of toilets, Coverage of waste water network services,
Collection efficiency of waste water network, Adequacy of waste water treatment capacity,
Quality of waste water treatment, Extent of reuse and recycling of waste water, Extent of cost
recovery in waste water management, Efficiency in redressal of customer complaints,
Efficiency in collection of sewerage related charges etc.
 Solid Waste Management: Household level coverage of Solid Waste Management services,
Efficiency of collection of municipal solid waste, Extent of segregation of municipal solid
waste, Extent of municipal solid waste recovered, Extent of scientific disposal of municipal
solid waste, Extent of cost recovery in Solid Waste Management services, Efficiency in
redressal of customer complaints, Efficiency in collection of SWM related user related charges
 Storm Water Drainage: Coverage of Storm water drainage network; Incidence of water logging
/ flooding
 Disaster recovery back-ups

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19. Annexures
This section describes the list of following Annexures:

• Annexure 1: Opportunity for Manufacture of Viable Chemicals and End Products.

• Annexure 2A: Market Demand for Target Petrochemical Intermediates & Additional Land
Requirement for Its Manufacturing in India.
• Annexure 2B: Market Demand & Land Requirement for Target Downstream Industries-
(Specialty Chemicals & End Products) In India.
• Annexure 3: Salient Features of Select Chemical Parks.
• Annexure 4A: Comparison of Prevailing Land Rates in Industrial Parks/Estates in Different
States.
• Annexure 4B: Prevailing Land Prices in Industrial Parks in Kerala.
• Annexure 5: State wise Comparison of Industrial Land Prices Near and Away from Refinery
Locations and Major Cities.
• Annexure 6: Comparison of Incentives for Industries across Different States.
• Annexure 7: Kerala Municipal Building Rules.
• Annexure 8: Surveys and Investigation.
• Annexure 9: A List of detailed bills of quantities and cost estimates for the all infrastructure
components like Site Grading & Architectural Designs, Road Works, Signages and Junctions,
Water Supply, Stormwater Drainage, Sewerage and CETP’s, Power Supply and Distribution.
• Annexure 10: All detailed drawing’s Site Master Plan, Site Grading & Architectural Designs,
Road Works, Signages and Junctions, Water Supply, Stormwater Drainage, Sewerage and
CETP’s, Power Supply and Distribution, Landscape Plan.

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19.1. Annexure 1: Opportunity for Manufacture of Viable Chemicals and End

Products

OPPORTUNITY FOR MANUFACTURE OF VIABLE CHEMICALS AND END PRODUCTS

FROM FEED STOCK MADE AVAILABLE BY BPCL REFINERY AND PROPYLENE DERIVATIVE
PETROCHEMCIAL PROJECT
Y Available Approxima Most Likely/viable Intermediates, Speciality Chemicals and
e Feedstock Intermediat te Surplus End Products in KINFRA Park based on shortlisting criteria
a in es evaluated –KTA in
r catchment catchment Intermediates Speciality Chemicals End Products

Epichlorohydri Epoxy Resins,

Paints, adhesives
ne (ECH) Synthetic Glycerine
Solvents for
Polypropyle Pharmaceuticals,
Iso Propyl
ne personal care
Alcohol (IPA)
products, Inks,
Cumene Paints/pesticides
Isopropyl
Auto components:
Alcohol
Rear lamp gaskets,
2
PO inner tire tubes,
0
Propylene 30 hoses, tire sidewalls,
1 Acrylic Acid
front & rear
9
Epichlorohy bumpers, belt
drine drives, braking
EPDM systems, door seals,
EPDM
and interior panels
Acrylonitrile of cars. Lubricant
Oxo Alcohols additives,
construction,
electrical and
electronics
components
Adhesives, Sealants,
Sealing & caulking
tires, sports
MTBE, compounds and
Polyisobutylen equipment,
viscosity modifiers,
TBA /SBA, e (PIB) Pharmaceuticals,
Fuel and lube
Automotive
Butyl additives,
components
2 Iso Rubber,
0 butylene Flavors and
Alkyl 60
1 (100% Secondary/Ter fragrances, paints
Phenols,
9 purity) tiary Butyl and coatings,
Additives
Poly Iso- Alcohol personal care
butylenes, (SBA/TBA) products and
Pharmaceuticals
Methacrylic
acids. Additives for fuels Adhesives, coatings,
Alkyl Phenols and lubricants, carbonless copy
polymers, and as paper and high-
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Y Available Approxima Most Likely/viable Intermediates, Speciality Chemicals and

e Feedstock Intermediat te Surplus End Products in KINFRA Park based on shortlisting criteria
a in es evaluated –KTA in
r catchment catchment Intermediates Speciality Chemicals End Products

components in performance rubber

phenolic resins. products.
Antioxidants, oil
field chemicals and
fire-retardant
materials.
Paints, coatings,
Methacrylic textile
Flocculants,
Acid, MMA auxilliaries,adhesive
s
Solvents Paints and coatings;
Methyl Ethyl
personal care
LLDPE, Ketone
products and
Cis 2 (MEK)/SBA
MEK, pharmaceuticals
butene:40
SBA, Plasticizers,
Trans 2 antioxidants,
n butene
Maleic butene:50 corrosion inhibitors,
Anhydride, Agrochemicals,
1Butene herbicides and as
Lubricants, Paints
Valeraldehy :60 additives used in
etc
de. hydraulic and
lubricating oils,
flavouring agents
TDI, Pharmaceuticals,
Toluene 10 NA
Solvents. Agro chemicals

Ethyl
Benzene,
/styrene
2 Cumene,
0 Oil additives, flame
Cyclohexane Pharmaceuticals,
1 retardants, oil well
, adhesives, Latex
9 Benzene 40 NA drilling chemicals,
paints, thinners,
Aniline, cleaner solvents,
disinfectants etc.
Resins…
Chlorobenze
ne,
Miscellaneo
us
Polyacrylic acid
Acrylate copolymers used as
Glacial Acrylic
2 Acrylic esters (by Dispersants Paints and coatings,
Acid/
0 Acid-ester BPCL); 10 /antiscalants, cosmetics,
Polyacrylic
1 grade anionic detergents
Glacial acid
9 Acrylic Acid polyelectrolytes for
water treatment,

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Y Available Approxima Most Likely/viable Intermediates, Speciality Chemicals and

e Feedstock Intermediat te Surplus End Products in KINFRA Park based on shortlisting criteria
a in es evaluated –KTA in
r catchment catchment Intermediates Speciality Chemicals End Products

/Polyacrylic and rheology

acid; modifiers, as Textile
chemicals and
SAP.
flocculants etc.
SAP (by BPCL SAP based Diapers &
likely) Sanitary Pads
Butyl Acetate,
Paint, Lacquers and
Iso butance
coating
Butanol/Is acetate
38+7
o butanol Dispersants Paints , Adhesives
and
Solvents Pharmaceuticals
DOP
Additives -Lube oils,
2 Ethyl Oil mining,
47
Hexanol surfactants
Cosmetics,
Solvents
Adhesives.
Acrylic Emulsions for
Butyl Polymers/Resins Paints, Coatings,
180
Acrylate /additives neo Adhesive and
Pentyl Glycol Sealants
Emulsions for
adhesives, Paints
Polymer Additives,
2 Ethyl- 10 and coatings,
Thickners
Hexyl sealants, detergents
Acrylates etc
2
0 Phenol/Ac
HOCL Phenolic Resins Adhesives
1 etone
9
LLDPE, Adhesives, Paints,
Ethylenel Vinyl
coatings, Non
HDPE, Acetate (EVA)
Dispersants woven textiles,
/ Viyl Acetate
EDC/VCM, carpet backings,
2 Ethylene (VAE)
EO, construction mortar
0
Ethylene 20 to 25 water pipes, wiring
2 Ethyl
2 Benzene, and cables, medical
disposables,
Linear VCM/PVC
packaging films,
Alcohols, household goods
etc.

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Y Available Approxima Most Likely/viable Intermediates, Speciality Chemicals and

e Feedstock Intermediat te Surplus End Products in KINFRA Park based on shortlisting criteria
a in es evaluated –KTA in
r catchment catchment Intermediates Speciality Chemicals End Products

VAM/EVA/V
AE,
EPDM.
Paints and coatings,
EthanolAmine Surfactants,
MEG, cosmetics, textiles,
s herbicides
additives
Ethanol
Amines, Non-ionic
2 Ethoxylates Detergents
Surfactants
0 Ethoxylates
EO 10 solvents for paints
2 Glycol Ethers
Glycol and inks
2
Ethers,
Slovents,
Ethylene – Ethylene electrolytes, Home/personal
Carbonates. carbonate surfactants products
/ethoxylates
2 Nylon 66,
0 Caprolactu Nylon 6 Resins
Nylon 6 (50) FACT Tyre Cords
1 m and Yarn
9
Surface active agent,
syndetergent,
dyeing and printing
Propylene auxiliary, emulsifier,
Glycol, Iso printing ink Pharmaceuticals,
propanolamin auxiliary, petroleum pesticide, Inks,
Iso-
e additive, Detergents etc
propanolami
pharmaceutical
ne,
Intermediate, ,
PO Propylene <10 electroplating
Glycol additive, etc.
2 ethers,
0 Paints and in the
As solvents and
2 Propylene Propylene production of
coupling agents in
2 Carbonate. Glycol ethers coatings, inks, resins
paints
and cleaners
Solvents for
Propylene Adhesives and
Adhesives, paint
Carbonate cosmetics
strippers, cosmetics
Fiber glass products
UPRs
Solvents for Fragrance,
Propylene (Unsaturate
100 UPRs Fragrance, cosmetics and
Glycol (PG) d polyester
cosmetics and personal care
resins)
personal care industries,
products; carriers,

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Y Available Approxima Most Likely/viable Intermediates, Speciality Chemicals and

e Feedstock Intermediat te Surplus End Products in KINFRA Park based on shortlisting criteria
a in es evaluated –KTA in
r catchment catchment Intermediates Speciality Chemicals End Products

humectants and
preservatives.
PU Products-Auto
Polyol components, Rigid
PU Resins 250 PU Resins
Ethers and flexible foams,
elastomers etc.
PET Bottles,
MEG/DEG technical textiles
PET Resins 100 PET Resins
/TEG
PET Components
Source: Consultant’s own expert assessment and BPCL inputs.

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19.2. Annexure 2A: Market Demand for Target Petrochemical Intermediates &
Additional Land Requirement for Its Manufacturing in India (2017-27)

MARKET DEMAND FOR TARGET PETROCHEMCIAL INTERMEDIATES & ADDITIONAL LAND

REQUIREMENT FOR ITS MANUFACTURING IN INDIA (2017-27)
Additional
Imports- All India
Global Indian Capacity
tons Capacity Land
CHEMICALS / END Market Market in required
(% of in tons / Demand
PRODUCTS In tons in Tons (2017)/ over 10
total acre (2017-27)
mn tons CAGR-% years
market) in Acres
(2017-27)
43000
Epichlorohydrine (ECH) 2.25 43000 /5% 70042 18
(100%)
155000 86800
Iso Propyl Alcohol (IPA) 2 (56%) 413206 103
/12%
39000
EPDM 2.7 39000/10% (100%) 101156 25

8000
Polyisobutylene (PIB) 0.7 16000 /12% (50%) 41694 10

Tertiary Butyl Alcohol

1.5 $ BN
(TBA)
10000
Alkyl Phenols 0.87 10000 /12% (~100%) 31058 8

10000
Methacrylic Acid (MAA) 0.7 10000 /14% (100%) 37072 9

41000 Average
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
2.6 47000 /10% (87%) 115806 4000 tons 29
(MEK)
(varies
Butyl Acetate, Iso 38000 between
1.4 38000 /6.5% (~100%) 71331 18
butane acetate 3000 to
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate 166000 5000)
(EVA) / Vinyl Acetate 5 166000/9% (~100%) 392982 98
Ethylene (VAE)
3,30,000
VCM 25 1100000/9% (30%) 1834100 459

Ethanol Amines/Glycol 36,000

Ethers /Ethylene 3.6 60000/12% (60%) 162351 41
carbonate
1,12,000
Nylon 6 Resins and Yarn 14.7 150000/8% (75%) 286339 72

Iso propanol amine/

Propylene Glycol 24000
2.4 40000/12% 108234 27
ethers/ Propylene (60%)
Carbonate
Unsaturated Polyester 32400
2.7 54000 /7% (60%) 84626 21
resins (UPRs)

Total 938
Sources: Chemical & Petrochemical statistics at a glance by Department of chemicals and petrochemicals Ministry of
chemicals and fertilizers GOI, Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence & Statistics, Ministry of Commerce & Industry;

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Global consulting and publications like IHS, ICIS, imarc group; business wire ; Platts etc;.; Report of the Sub-group on
Petrochemicals for the 12th Five Year Plan& Consultant data base and assessment on land absorption norms drawn from
various past projects

19.3. Annexure 2B: Market Demand & Land Requirement for Target Downstream
Industries- (Specialty Chemicals & End Products) In India (2017-27)

MARKET DEMAND & LAND REQUIREMENT FOR TARGET DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRIES-

(SPECIALITY CHEMICALS & END PRODUCTS) IN INDIA (2017-27)
Additional All India
Current Market-
Global Market capacity Capacity Land
Industry India in Tons & $
Mn tons & $ bn - required over 10 in tons / Demand
Category bn /CAGR in %
(2017) years (2017-27) acre (2017-27) in
(2017)
in tons Acres
Target Specialty 50 mn tons / ($150 2,700000 ($
4,000,000 2500 1600
Chemicals bn) 11.5bn) / 10%
Drugs & 35 mn tons/ 980000 ($33.4bn)
1,500,000 400 3750
Pharmaceutical ($ 1000 bn) /10%
END PRODUCTS
Adhesives & 17 mn tons / 320,000 ($ 1bn)
256000 8000 32
Sealants ($ 53 bn) /6%
6.1 mn tons /($ 17 360,000 ($ 1bn)
Inks 380000 8000 47
bn) /7.5%
Paints & 55 mn tons /($175 4,750,000 ($8bn) /
3,600,000 8000 450
Coatings bn) 6.5%
PU based 10.5 mn tons /($ 650000 ($ 2.2 bn)
1,500,000 2500 600
Products 55 bn) /13%
SAP Based 2.5 mn ton (SAP 50000 (SAP
Hygiene Equivalent) Equivalent) 150000 500 300
Products ($ 55 bn) ($ 1bn) /15%
Total End Products 1429
Source: Reports/Publications of various consultants , associations and experts including Indian Paint Association, Indian
Paints and coating associations All India Printing Ink manufacturers associations, Adhesives and sealant association, Indian
polyurethane association, ISCMA, Additive manufacturing society of India, Indian Specialty chemical report by Avendus
capital P Ltd ; JM Financial institutional securities Ltd and TSMG- FICCI ; Indian chemical industry plan 2012-17 of planning
commission, Global publications of HIS, imarc group; business wire etc & Consultant databases and assessment drawn from
various past projects.

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19.4. Annexure 3: Salient Features of Select Chemical Parks

SALIENT FEATURES OF SELECT CHEMICAL PARKS

1. German Chemical Parks

German chemical Park concept is widely regarded as one of the best examples of integrated
production strategies with the most efficient use of resources. As a chemical production and
associated process industries location, Germany is a global heavyweight, ranking first in Europe.
Germany’s greatest appeal for chemical companies lies in its market size within Europe. This is largely
due to the presence of strong client industries including the automotive sector. The country’s
historical export strength and research environment are also attractive factors. Specific strengths in
innovation, productivity and resource efficiency all help establish Germany as an attractive chemical
industry production location. These factors, together with sensible labor market reforms, have led the
German chemical industry being able to consolidate its market-leading position in Europe Years of
investment and production optimization have resulted in a network of highly integrated production
sites: Germany’s unique “Chemical Parks.” At present Germany have around 35 chemical sites each
with unique features. (The details of one of the Park are illustrated in Annexure 3). These are linked
by advanced infrastructure with first-class energy supply, offering service provision through site
management companies whose core business is the on-site supply of utilities. With their plug and play
concept, Germany’s chemical parks are able to offer state-of-the-art conditions for international
investors. They can choose the services from a site operator that suits their business model best. The
new production site, developed sites and site security services are all made available for the investor’s
core activities. Optional services such as warehousing, logistics, and analytics can also be requested
as needed. German chemical parks increase cost effectiveness by splitting cost and overhead – a
benefit to both the site operator/owner and investor.

Supporting Different Business Models Chemical parks offer a wide range of business models. Subject
to the investor’s individual requirements, land can be leased or purchased in order to establish a
production unit. At the other end of the scale, a site operator invests in and operates the new plant
for the investor on a custom or toll manufacturing basis. Cost-competitive production through flexible
site operators.

Planning Support Services, Investors are supported by a number of investment planning and
construction services. The most sought-after service is for permit applications. Licensing procedures
are completed quickly and efficiently with the competent public authorities assisting in the process
from a very early stage. + Fast implementation of the new business.

Provision of Utilities and Services such as wastewater treatment, thermal treatment of production
residue, emergency services, industrial safety, fire protection, environmental services, analysis and
testing services, rail dispatching, and product storage are all widely available at chemical parks. All
chemical services available on-site.

Powering Chemical Parks Secure power supply is imperative for profitable industrial plant operation.
Chemical parks are made secure through the provision of a number of redundant supply lines. Most
chemical parks operate their own on-site power plants in order to secure supply. An undisrupted
supply of steam and overall energy cost are also key success factors. By generating both heat and
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power from various primary energy sources, chemical parks are well placed to utilize the high
efficiencies found with combined cycle heat and power (CHP) generation. Plants within any one
chemical park are linked to duplicate transmission networks that ensure stable supply in the case of
disruption of one line. Supply by two independent systems ensures continuity even in the event of
random acts of nature. This power supply set-up makes chemical parks ideal sites for investors in the
process industries. Secure power supply.

2. Jurong Singapore

Singapore has no oil or gas resources and limited land space. But against all odds, it has achieved
tremendous success in the petrochemical industry. Today, Singapore is the third-largest oil refining
center in the world, the largest bunkering port and, one of the top 3 oil trading hubs in the world and
the price discovery center of Asia’s oil trading industry. Some countries have seen some difficulty in
attracting specialty chemical investments due to lax intellectual property laws. Singapore has
managed to gain investor confidence in this sector due to its intellectual property protection laws,
access to skilled labor and research and development capabilities.

Singapore has grown to become one of Asia’s, and one of the world’s leading and most cost-effective
locations for producing petrochemicals. At the heart of this success is Jurong Island, which started
out as a collection of small islands and is now home to three major oil companies. Today, Jurong
Island is an amalgamation of seven small islands, which after reclamation gives it a total land area of
approximately 3,000 hectares. In an ambitious land reclamation project that was officially completed
in 2009, Singapore has connected seven of its islands to form Jurong Island. The island has a land
mass of some 3,000ha and, according to Singapore’s Economic Development Board (EDB), hosts
more than 100 companies from the US, Europe and Asia. The list includes heavyweights such as
DuPont, Huntsman, BASF, Perstorp, Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, and Sumitomo Chemical.

With improvement in chemical manufacturing processes over the years, the industry has moved
towards having integrated manufacturing in a cluster, which has everything within itself. Refineries
provide the primary feedstock for conversion to petrochemicals, which in turn, undergoes
downstream processes using the latest infrastructure, utilities and energy provisions, available inside
the cluster. As common facilities and services such as utilities, energy, and transport are shared, less
land is required for manufacturing, leading to substantial cost-savings.

This dedicated plug-and-play infrastructure has made the Jurong Island one of the world’s top 10
petrochemical hubs, with a total investment by more than 100 companies exceeding S$47 billion
employing around 9000 people.
Upstream companies including Shell, ExxonMobil and Petrochemical Corporation of Singapore (PCS)
have built world scale integrated cracker complexes providing a wide range of feedstock. This
feedstock is then channeled to various downstream companies such as Sumitomo Chemicals, Lanxess,
and Asahi Kasei. The island also has more than 10 projects that are currently under development, with
almost 60 percent of the island’s land area been allocated to various companies.
Seamless integration via a network of pipelines makes it possible for companies to buy and sell
feedstocks and products literally over the fence, as the output of one plant is the input for other
neighbouring plants. This saves time and transportation costs as well as reduces the risk of spillage
and contamination.

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A comprehensive host of third-party providers is also at hand for outsourcing functions such as waste
water treatment, utilities, and storage requirements. For instance, Hitachi Engineering provides EPC
(Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) services; Sembcorp, Tuas Power Utilities provide
effluent treatment services; and Pipenet, Keppel Merlimau Cogen provide utility services.

This results in savings of up to 25-30 percent in capital outlay and 10-15 percent in logistics costs while
allowing the companies to focus on their core business activities.

Safety and Security: The entire Jurong Island was gazetted as a protected area in 2001, and a
security framework was put in place to protect investors’ assets. There is round-the-clock air, sea
and land surveillance, as well as security checks of all vehicles and personnel entering the island.
Singapore Civil Defence Force also operates two fire stations at the island.

R&D: Situated on the Island is the Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), an
autonomous national research institute under A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), which undertakes research programmes in developing new processes and applications
for the chemical industry.

Training: Furthermore, the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB) had set up a Chemical
Process Technology Centre (CPTC) on the island to support the training of new entrants to the
chemical industry and to enhance the capabilities of existing professionals. This is critical because
proprietary manufacturing processes are key to the competitiveness of petrochemicals
companies, while product differentiation is critical to the growth of specialty chemicals.
Development of a skilled workforce is central to Singapore’s continued development of Jurong
Island.

The CPTC is owned by the Singapore EDB and managed by Petrofac Training. Said to be the
first training centre in the world to house an industrial-scale petrochemical process plant,
CPTC allows trainees to experience ‘live’ plant conditions in a safe and controlled
environment.
Even with a skilled workforce and all the available training, companies concede that with
so many options it is difficult to attract even trained chemical engineers into the
petrochemical sector.
Floating structures: In addition to the just opened JRC, JTC is studying the feasibility of
floating structures for oil products and petrochemicals storage to be known as the Very Large
Floating Structure (VLFS). VLFS will be designed to be either moored to land or function as
stand-alone units. It will take up only 5 hectares of foreshore space as compared to 20
hectares of land space for the same storage capacity of 3,00,000 cubic metres
In a bid to enhance its competitiveness and drive the next phase of growth for the chemical industry
in Singapore, the government has unveiled a Jurong Island version 2.0 (Jlv2.0) initiatives, a 10-year
master-plan. It is aimed at new infrastructure developments; system-level optimization of valuable
resources like energy, carbon, water and land; and turning the island into a “living lab” for companies
to develop integrated innovative solutions. Moreover, Jlv2.0 will focus on better integration of refinery
and petrochemical facilities, introduction of new feedstocks such as LPG, and exploring bio-feedstock.

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Another focus will be on generating a critical mass of olefin capacity. This will help foreign investors in
setting up new manufacturing activities in higher value chemical chains such as C4s and C5.

3. Shanghai chemical Industry Park - China

SCIP is located in the south of Shanghai, on the boundary between Jinshan District and Fengxian
District. With the A4 Expressway that connects Shanghai-Nanjing and Shanghai-Hangzhou Expressway
network, it is only a 45-minute drive, or 50 kilometers, away from downtown. There are railway sub-
lines for its exclusive use connecting to the 113-kilometer-long Pudong Railway (Fengxian-Pudong
Airport-Zhangmiao). The park is connected to Huangpu River and Yangtze River water system via
dredged inner river channel system. Apart from an exclusive port, SCIP is only 55 kilometers away from
the Yangshan Deep Water Port (10 million standard containers). The park is only 50 kilometers away
from Pudong International Airport and Hongqiao International Airport. In short, transportation here
is very convenient, be it by sea, by land or by air.

Shanghai Chemical Industry Park (SCIP) has total planning area of 29.4 square kilometers almost same
size as Jurong. SCIP is one of the industrial projects with the largest investment in China during the
10th Five-year Plan. Its Phase 1 investment totaled RMB150 billion (on 10 sq km). It is the first
industrial zone specialized in the development of petrochemical and fine chemistry businesses, and
the southern center of Shanghai’s six industrial bases. The industrial output of SCIP will achieve
RMB100 billion when all approved projects are put into operation. SCIP is known as the "Wing of
Industrial Take-off of Shanghai".

Built with the advanced “integration” conception adopted by the world’s largest scaled chemical
parks, SCIP provides investors with best investment environment by integrating production projects,
public utilities, logistics, eco protection and administration services. So far, many well-known public
engineering companies have set up plants here, including BP, BASF, Bayer, Degussa, Huntsman, SUEZ,
Vopak, AIR LIQUIDE, Praxair, etc. SCIP aims to be one of Asia’s largest and most advanced
petrochemical bases.

Shanghai Chemical Industry Park is the first industrial zone specialized in the development of
petrochemical and fine chemistry businesses, and also one of the four industrial production bases in
Shanghai. It is built with advanced development conception of World-Class and large-scaled Chemical
Park. It is to provide investors in the Park with best investment environment by combination of
production projects, public utilities, logistics, and environmental protection and administration
services. SCIP is set out to be one of the largest and the most integrated and advanced world
petrochemical bases in Asia.

Excellent infrastructure: A "utilities island" integrating the supply of water, electricity, steam and
industrial gases is highly efficient in providing at competitive costs. A wide scope of services including
potable water, industrial water, wastewater treatment, steam, jetty, tank farm and industrial gases
and incinerator is available on demand.
Assured supply of basic feedstock: The petrochemical projects aim to supply enormous basic chemical
materials amounting to totally 6,500,000t/a such as ethylene, propylene, benzene, toluene, SM, PE,
PP, PS, PVC, MDI, TDI, poly-isocyanates, polycarbonates, PTHF, phenol & acetone etc. These basic
chemical materials can provide abundant feedstock for the downstream processing industry.
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Involvement of foreign companies for infrastructure projects: SCIPDC has established joint ventures
with large foreign companies to construct and operate utility and waste disposal services. The list of
projects includes a waterworks (340 million RMB) and a waste water treatment plant (398 million
RMB) with Sino-French Water Development Co., Ltd, a subsidiary of the Suez group which is based in
Hong Kong, and a waste incinerator (510 million HKD) with Swire SITA Waste Services Ltd. working for
the Suez Group and the New World Group of Hong Kong. A heating and power station with
cogeneration was constructed as a 70:30 JV with Singapore SembCorp Utilities for 2.81 billion RMB,
and the dock and tank storage facilities ($210 million) were built in collaboration with Vopak of
Holland. Sinopal, a JV between Air Liquide and Praxair, supplies industrial gases to producers at SCIP
($120 million investment). All of these facilities went into operation between 2004 and 2006. An
impressive infrastructure is being put in place at SCIP. Future goals include integration of
environmental protection programs and further implementation of the “circular economy” strategies.

4. Mangalore Petrochemical Special economic zone-India

Mangalore SEZ Limited (MSEZL) phase 1 is a

petrochemical SEZ set up over 1750 acres of land area.
Located on the West coast in Southern India, MSEZ is an
SPV company co-promoted by Oil and Natural Gas
Commission (ONGC)-26%, Infrastructure Leasing &
Financial Services (IL&FS)-50%, Karnataka Industrial Area
Development Board (KIADB) - a Karnataka State
Government entity -23% and Kanara Chamber of
Commerce & Industry (KCCI)-1%. The project started
construction in 2007 and became operational in 2011 with
commencement of a specialty chemical unit namely
Cardolite Industries.
MSEZ, is in operation as an integrated cluster, primarily
focusing on the chemicals and petrochemical centric
projects, with requisite common infrastructure and services, allowing tenants to concentrate on their
core manufacturing activity.
Mangalore as a location has inherent advantages of having a 15 MMTPA oil refinery in the
neighbourhood, a 1 mn ton capacity operational aromatic complex as a part of the SEZ with a
LPG/Propane/Butane terminal in close proximity, offering multiple feedstock options. The other major
advantages of the location include an “all weather” 15 m deep draft, uncongested New Mangalore
Port providing ready access to imported feedstock. Several large chemical complexes in the vicinity, a
well-developed urban city, presence of large number of technical institutes and engineering colleges
in close proximity and seamless multi-modal connectivity to various parts of the country by air, road
and rail and also by sea and air across the world.
MSEZ has developed considerable physical infrastructure for its Phase–I encompassing.
 Water infrastructure from both River water and STP sources to supply almost 35 MGD of water
 Pipeline and road corridor to the Port
 Water and Power supply
 Graded Plots
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 Wide road network

 Central effluent treatment plant
 Common telecom, security, firefighting, water treatment, waste disposal and training services
etc.
 Proposed Common Process utility services
 Logistics Park/Tank farm with provision for storage, transport and third-party logistic services

The MSEZ proposition of infrastructure & services could potentially translate into lower capital
investments by as much as 15 – 20% and operating costs by 10% – 30%, typical of similar clusters
elsewhere in the world. In addition, SEZ benefits allow units several other advantages including duty
free imports of raw materials and tax exemptions on exports revenue.

MSEZ has attracted investments to the tune of USD 2.5 Bn thus far, with more in the pipeline. Nearly
70% of the land in Phase I has already been occupied. The projects that are under production/advance
implementation include OMPL (ONGC Mangalore Petrochemical Ltd) Aromatic Complex of 1.1 mn ton
capacity manufacturing Para xylene and Benzene; JBF plant for manufacture of 1.2 mn ton of PTA and
0.5 mn tons of PET resins; ISPRL for storage of 1 mn ton crude oil in underground caverns, Cardolite
industries for Epoxy resins; Syngen for producing APIs and Anthea Aromatics for producing specialty
chemicals. The zone is now a multiproduct SEZ and is targeting other sectors.

The average land price in Mangalore SEZ is around Rs 1.5 crore/acre and annual lease rentals of Rs 1
lakh/acre and annual O&M charges of Rs 110 per sq mtr. The zone has dual pricing structure with
higher land premiums for intermediate units and lesser for downstream industries.

The SEZ despite excellent infrastructure support has confronted problems in attracting investments
due mainly to SEZ policy constraints and policy dilution over the years in attracting investments in the
Petrochemical sector. In addition, it has not been able to secure assured supplies of basic feedstock
from the neighbouring refinery for the downstream industry. The major issues faced by MSEZ in
attracting investments has to do with a) dilution in SEZ policies like imposition of MAT and dividend
distribution taxes etc, b) Insistence on meeting NFE criteria in SEZ which precludes manufactures to
sell end products in domestic market which is the main market for petrochemicals and c) Lack of
assured supply of basic feedstock from refinery to the downstream industry. As a result, SEZ had to
convert itself into multiproduct SEZ in order to target industries from other sectors to increase its
occupancy.

5. DAHEJ PCPIR-India

Gujarat PCPIR (GPCPIR) is a specifically delineated Investment Region planned for the establishment
of production facilities for petroleum, chemicals and petrochemicals. PCPIR located at Dahej, is spread
over the blocks of Vagra and Bharuch, South Gujarat. It is spread over 453 sq km of brownfield area in
the Gulf of Khambhat in the west, Narmada river & Aliyabet island in the south, villages of Vagra and
Bharuch block in the east and Bharuch-Dahej railway line in the north. The area has a domestic tariff
area and an SEZ named Dahej SEZ. GIDC has got 12000 Ha land outside SEZ and 1732 Ha in SEZ. Most
of the units are in Specialty chemical and pharmaceuticals sector in the zone.

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Strategically positioned to the east of Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC), the PCPIR at Dahej,
Gujarat has received infrastructure investment of USD 2.42 Billion from Gujarat Infrastructure
Development Corporation (GIDC). The anchor tenant ONGC has invested USD 4.07 Billion in the
project which is expected to create total employment of 90,000 once completed. The current total
investments accrued/committed in Dahej PCPIR by industries is estimated at $ 24 bn. The current
employment generated in 2016 is estimated at 28000 nos in the PCPIR.
The infrastructure provided at Dahej includes:
Water Infrastructure: GIDC supplies 33 MGD raw water drawn from Narmada River. GWSSB provides
drinking water through Narmada Canal. 100 MGD additional water supply network is proposed in the
PCPIR with a provision for separate water supply network of 20 MLD in SEZ. O&M of water
infrastructure will be managed through a SPV - Gujarat PCPIR Services Ltd. (JV of GIDC and Multi
Mantech).
Power Infrastructure: Power is available from Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam Ltd. from 220 KV sub-station,
linked with the state grid by 220 KV circuit line. Construction work has already started in 2640 MW
coal-based power plant by proposed Adani Power. Torrent Energy Ltd. is co-developer for power
distribution in Dahej SEZ. Power distribution network is in place. Project of 1500 MW is under
implementation in SEZ. Underground network of distribution line has been laid. There is also a
provision of inter units feeding grid within Dahej SEZ in case of power failure in a unit.
There are 7 ITIs in PCPIR and within 30 km radius and skill up-gradation centers set up by GIDC and
private companies such as Essar, ABG Shipyard, L&T etc.
Logistics & Warehousing infrastructure:
 Adani-Petro LNG has a capacity to handle 20 million tonnes of coal a year. Dahej Port handles varied
commodities such as coal, silica sand, rock phosphate, steel products and project cargo and
machinery items. The coal import terminal at Dahej is equipped with two jetties with a deep draft
of 14mmetres each, thus enabling berthing of large capsize vessels.
 GIDC is proposing 80-hectare chemical logistic park planned in PPP mode through a JV Company of
GIDC and IL&FS IDC. Land has been earmarked and process is on to select a developer. It will be
the only chemical logistic park in India.
 GIDC is to form SPV Company in JV with Kribhco Infrastructure Ltd. (KRIL) to develop a CFS in PCPIR.

Gas Supply
 GSPL state-wide gas grid handles over 13 MMSCMD through its 2200 km network. This covers the
PCPIR.
 Gujarat Gas network close to GPCPIR, at Ankleshwar (3 MMSCMD).

Being in the heart of chemical industry (Gujarat) Dahej has major advantages in terms of easy access
to large markets and also domestic feedstock supply. Large investments have accordingly come into
Dahej PCPIR but much more needs to be done by way of infrastructure supply for garnering more
investments. In SEZ areas the entire land has been leased and units have by and large become
operational. In DTA, large lands have been acquired by potential investors but not many operational
units have come up. Most of the land is understood to have been procured for speculation purposes.

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The land price at Dahej is quite competitive at INR 1520 per sqm in DTA area and INR 1730 per sqm in
SEZ, Including Rs 15 per sqm/yr charges for PCPIR Welfare Society.
Dahej PCPIR however has major constraints in terms of access to social and urban infrastructure. The
nearest big town Bharuch is almost 50 kms away from the zone. It is becoming difficult to attract senior
level technical manpower. The connectivity through Rail and Air is real challenge. The nearest rail head
is 50 kms away and the nearest Airport is 90 kms (Baroda). Bharuch to Ankleshwar connectivity is very
poor due to high traffic congestion. These increase the connectivity problems.
Dahej has a very limited capacity port and there is high Dependency on Pvt. Owned Jetties for trade
of chemicals; future Port expansion difficult at Dahej. Most of the companies have to use long distant
JNPT and Mudra sea port for trade of Chemicals which is real dampener.
Water which is life line for chemical industry has been radioed at Dahej due to insufficient water
supply in the zone. In times to come this will be a major constraint in attracting investments here.
Dahej does not have umbrella environmental clearances like other smaller Parks thereby each unit
has to go for individual environmental clearances increasing project gestation. The PCPIR has yet to
provide for CETP which again makes the effluent disposal a costly affair. Most of the success of zone
is due to advantages of Gujarat as chemicals hub rather than that of Dahej as a location. Also, many
units have re located from other parts of Gujarat due to strict environmental legislations in larger cities
like Vapi and Ankleshwar etc.

6. JNPC Pharma City - Vizag

Jawaharlal Nehru Pharma City located in Visakhapatnam is a successful Public-Private initiative

launched by Ramky group and APIIC, a government of Andhra Pradesh enterprise with equity
participation. The total Extent of the City is spread over 2400 acres with assortment of facilities
required for Pharma industry.
The total investment expected in the zone is estimate to be around INR 25,000 Crores. 104 industries
have acquired land till date and a total of INR 9,000 Crores (approx.) investment has already been
made by 63 units. The current employment status is to the tune of 13,000 plus and has to
accommodate another 16,000.
The presence of leading international players like Eisai Pharma technology, a Japanese Pharma giant,
PharmaZell, a Company belonging to a German Pharma group, SNF (I) Ltd with French collaboration,
Aptuit Laurus Labs with the US collaboration brings into India, has ensured access to the latest
technology pertaining to Pharma manufacturing in the country. These are placed among the Indian
Pharma leaders like Smilax Laboratories, Glochem, Orchid, Emmennar Biotech etc.
Pharma city has been designed with state of the start common & shared facilities/ utilities to provide
a plug & play environment to the investors.
Common Facilities: Common facilities in the industrial zone include the following:
1. Common Effluent Treatment Plant
2. Incineration System
3. Hazardous Waste Management Facility
4. Water Treatment Plant
5. Common Solvent Recovery Plant

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6. Secured Landfill
7. Marine outfall On-Shore pipelines
8. Exclusive ready built space for individual R&D purpose

Physical Infrastructure:
1. 40 Km Effluent Collection & Conveyance systems
2. 34Km Water Pipeline Network
3. 62 Km Power Distribution Network
4. 2 Electrical Sub-Stations (33KV/11KV)
5. Dedicated power feeders with transmission network to the door-step of the Industry
6. Water Reservoirs & Tanks

Services in operation:
1. Central cafeteria
2. Fire Station with trained crew and Fire Tender to fight any chemical and hazardous calamities
3. Bank with ATM & Post-office
4. Telephone Exchange with high speed Broadband Internet facility
5. Fully functional Weigh Bridge
6. Exclusive Police Out Post
7. Fuel dispensing station
8. Well-furnished Guest Rooms & Club House

Social Infrastructure:
1. Exclusive Housing Colony in near proximity
2. Facilities to empower rehabilitees and provide community support through Ramky Foundation
3. Emergency Medical Centre with ambulance operating round-the-clock with doctors and
supporting staff

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19.5. Annexure 4A: Comparison of Prevailing Land Rates in Industrial

Parks/Estates in Different States

COMPARISON OF PREVAILING LAND RATES IN INDUSTRIAL PARKS/ESTATES IN DIFFERENT STATES

Avg. Median Mode

Land Land land
Minimum Land Rate Maximum Land Rate
States Rate Rate Rate
(Rs Cr/Acre) (Rs Cr/Acre)
(Rs (Rs (Rs
Cr/Acre) Cr/Acre) Cr/Acre)
Land Land
Location Location
Rate Rate

Andhra IP Thippayapall,
0.02 2.50 Kakinada 0.46 0.24 0.20
Pradesh Kadapa Dist

Davanagere Dist
Bidadi,
Karnataka 0.85 Somanahally, 0.53 0.10 0.04 0.03
Ramanagar Dist
Mandya Dist
Irungattukottai
Pudukottai IP,
Industrial Kancheepuram
Complex, Dist
0.05 Pudukkottai Dist Sriperumbudur
Tamil Nadu 0.90 0.42 0.27 0.90
Manamadurai IP, Kanchipuram
Industrial Dist
Complex, Oragadam
Sivagangai Dist Industrial
Growth Centre
Anjangaon Mini Ambernath
Maharashtra 0.02 Industrial Area, 2.50 Phase-III, 0.36 0.08 0.04
Amravati Dist Ambernath Dist
Dabhoi,
Gujarat 0.08 2.30 Rajkot 0.79 0.57 0.40
Vadodara Dist
KINFRA Small Kalamassery Hi-
Kerala 0.13 Industries Park, 2.59 tech Park, 1.04 1.15 1.50
Kasargod Dist Ernakulam Dist
Balangir-NID
Orissa 0.04 Phase II, 1.25 Khurda 0.24 0.15 0.10
Bolangir Dist
Source: APIIC, KIADB, SIPCOT, MIDC, GIDC, KINFRA, IDCO Odisha

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DETAILS OF OPERATIONAL PHARMA SEZS ACROSS STATES IN SOUTHERN INDIA

Land Rates
State SEZ Name
(Rs Cr/Acre)
Zydus Infrastructure Pvt Ltd
Gujarat 3.80
Sanand, Ahmedabad
Karnataka KIADB, Hassan 0.22
Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd.
0.19
Devunipalavalas, Srikakulam
Hetero Infrastructure SEZ
0.7 - 0.8
Nakkapali, Visakhapatnam

Andhra Pradesh Divi’s Laboratories Limited

0.18
Chippada , Visakhapatnam
JNPC Parwada, Lemarthi, SEZ Land - 1.75
Visakhapatam Non SEZ Land - 1.4
Sri City, Chittoor, Nellore 0.85
Serum Bio-pharma Park, Pune NA
MIDC, Krushnoor, Nanded 0.08
Maharastra
Wokhardt Infrastructure
Development Limited, Shendre, 0.76
Aurangabad
TSIIC SEZ, Jedcharla, Mahaboobnagar 0.97
TSIIC Biotech SEZ,
Telangana 0.79
Shameerpet, Ranga Reddy
TSIIC Biotech SEZ, Mulugu, Medak 0.41
Source: GIDC, KIADB, APIIC, MIDC, TSIIC

PREVAILING LAND RATES IN FAVORED LOCATIONS FOR SETTING UP PHARMA UNITS IN INDIA

Land Rate
States Location
(Cr/Acre)
Baddi, Solan Dist
Himachal
*Original Allottment price, Current Resale price is INR 1.5 *
Pradesh
6.07 Cr as vacant land not available.
Bio Tech Park, Karakapatla, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad 0.40
Telangana
Genome valley 0.78

Maharashtra Industrial Area, Chikalthana, Aurangabad 0.83

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Selaqui Industrial Area,

Uttarakhand 2.02
Pharma City, Dehradun
Bommasandra Industrial Area, Bengaluru 2.00

Karnataka Peenya Industrial Area, Bengaluru 2.00

Kohlar Industrial Area, Bidder Dist 0.37

Source: HPSIDC, TSIIC, MIDC, SIDCUL, KIADB

PREVAILING LAND RATES IN FAVORED LOCATIONS FOR SETTING UP CHEMICAL UNITS IN INDIA

Land Rate
States Location
(Cr/Acre)

Tamil Nadu Cuddalore Industrial Complex, Cuddalore 0.33

Maharashtra MIDC, Lote Parshuram, Ratnagiri Dist 0.28

Industrial Area, Valsad 0.38

Gujarat Industrial Area, Vapi 1.53

Industrial Area, Jamnagar 1.63

Industrial Area, Kalamassery, Kochi

Kerala *Original Allotment price, Currently vacant land not 0.74*
available

Andhra Pradesh Achutapuram, Visakhapatnam 0.79

Source: SIPCOT, MIDC, GIDC, KINFRA, APIIC.

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19.6. Annexure 4B: Prevailing Land Prices in Industrial Parks in Kerala

PREVAILING LAND PRICES IN INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN KERALA

Lease
Vacant Land premium
Name of Industrial Park Sector
(Acres) (Rs Cr per
Acre)
KINFRA Apparel Park Thumba, Apparel/Garments
3.97 1.66
Trivandrum Industries
SEZ IT/ITES & Film and Video Park
14.02 0.69 IT/ITES
Kazhakoottam
Food Processing/ General
KINFRA Park, Adoor 14.22 1.28
Industries
KINFRA Small Industries Park,
12.67 1.15 General Industries
Kunnamthanam

Kalamassery Hi-tech Park, Kalamassery 24.07 2.59 Hi-Tech Industries

Food processing/ General

Techno Industrial Park, Malappuram 4.12 1.55 / IT & ITES and allied
Industries
SEZ for Food Processing Industries,
13.56 1.55 Food processing
Malappuram
General/ Food Processing
KINFRA Small Industries Park, Wayanad 9.69 0.37
Industries
KINFRA Small Industries Park,
3.92 1.21 General Industries
Thalassery

KINFRA Small Industries Park, Kasargod 5.12 0.13 General Industries

Textile/ General/
KINFRA Textile Centre, Kannur 64.42 0.24
Garment Industries
KINFA Integrated Industrial & Textile General/ Textile
16.35 0.59
Park, Palakkad Industries

KINFRA Mega Food Park, Palakkad 49.78 0.59 Food processing

Source: KINFRA

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19.7. Annexure 5: State wise Comparison of Industrial Land Prices Near and Away
from Refinery Locations and Major Cities

STATEWISE COMPARISON OF INDUSTRIAL LAND PRICES NEAR AND AWAY FROM REFINERY
LOCATIONS AND MAJOR CITIES
Port
Rates Located in Proximity to
Location Name of the Estate Availability in
Cr/Acre Major City Refinery
vicinity
Jamnagar-1
1.63 No No Yes
Jamnagar (Shanker Tekri)
Jamnagar-III 0.90 No No Yes
Panipat Industrial Area 3.64 No No Yes
Panipat
Samalkha 3.12 No No Yes
Bakimpady 3.50 Yes Yes Yes
Mangalore
Thannirubhavi 4.07 Yes Yes Yes
Mathura Mathura A 1.32 No No Yes
Ambattur Industrial Area 25.08 Yes Yes Yes
Thirumazhisai Industrial
7.67 Yes Yes Yes
Area
Chennai
Althur Industrial Estate 6.01 Yes Yes Yes
Kakkalur Industrial
3.51 Yes Yes Yes
Estate
Cuddalore Vadalur Industrial Estate 2.16 No Yes Yes
Marol Industrial Area 18.37 Yes Yes Yes
Mumbai Wagle Industrial Estate 8.24 Yes Yes Yes
Dombivali Industrial Area 5.36 Yes Yes Yes
Faridabad Sector- 31 &
8.62 Yes No No
59
Haryana near
Delhi IMT Sohna 6.27 Yes No No
I.E. Gurugram 1.21 Yes No No
Jedimetla 5.73 Yes No No
Industrial Park Kucharam 1.27 Yes No No
Industrial Park
Hyderabad 1.15 Yes No No
Turkapally
Adibatla 0.84 Yes No No
Pashamylaram 0.63 Yes No No
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IDA Parwada 1.43 Yes Yes Yes

Industrial Area
Visakhapatnam 1.07 Yes Yes Yes
Gurrampalem
Chinna Gadhili 8.5 Yes Yes Yes
Kalamassery Hi-tech Park
Kochi 2.59 Yes Yes Yes
Kalamassery
Source: GIDC, HSIIDC, KIADB, SIPCOT, MIDC, APIIC, KINFRA

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19.8. Annexure 6: Comparison of Incentives for Industries across Different States

Comparison of incentives for industries across different states
S
N Kerala Andhra Pradesh Karnataka Orissa
o
Electricity Tariff
Exemption:
MSMEs: 100% tax for 6
years 5 Years Fixed
5 Year Fixed power cost power cost
Pow Electricity Duty
1 reimbursement @ Rs. 1.00 reimbursement -
er Exemption
per unit Rs 0,25 - Rs 1.25
Ultra-Mega Projects – per unit
9 years
Super Mega Projects -
8 years
2 Incentives for Large Industry Units
100% Purchase/lease of industrial 100 % exemption on
Sta stamp duty land/shed/ buildings, Stamp duty on
mp exemption mortgages – Industrial land sale &
Duty in industrial Reimbursement of 100% of lease deeds, loan
parks stamp and transfer duty agreements
Capi 10% subsidy up
A Capital subsidy @ 20% of
tal to max of Rs 50
. the fixed assets with
Subs crores in
maximum of Rs 10 crores
idy backward areas
Inter 5% annually for 5
Interest subsidy for seven
est Interest free loan on yrs on term loan
years including a
Subs Net VAT and CST upto max Rs 1
moratorium of two years
idy crore/yr
 100% exemption on
Entry Tax on 'Plant &
Machinery' for 3
VAT years & on raw 100%
/ 50% reimbursement of net materials for 5 years reimbursement
B  Concessional of state taxes for
CST/ VAT/CST or SGST for a
. registration charges 7 years
SGS period of 7 years
T for loan documents,
lease & sale deeds
 100%
Reimbursement of
Land Conversion Fee

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Envi 10% capital subsidy for

ron cleaner production
men measures for large Environmental
t industries: Max 35 lakhs Capital subsidy up to protection
C
Rela 50% of the cost of ETP subsidy
.
ted with Max Rs 2 Cr
ince 25% capital subsidy for
ntiv sustainable green
es measures: Max 50 Cr

A portion of o Employment
employer cost subsidy
contributio o Entrepreneurs
n for o Assistance for technology hip
additional acquisition and up development
D Oth employees gradation subsidy
. ers above 31- o Reimbursement of o Capital grant
03-2016 training fee for Quality
o Transport subsidy for infrastructure
level to be
labour o Marketing
borne by
Syndication
governmen o Training
t for 3 years subsidy
3 Incentives for MSME
Purchase/lease of
100 % exemption on
Sta industrial land/shed/
100% stamp duty Stamp duty on
mp buildings, mortgages –
exemption in Industrial land sale &
Dut Reimbursement of
industrial parks lease deeds, loan
y 100% of stamp and
agreements
transfer duty
 Micro Enterprises -
30% Value of Fixed
Cap Assets: max. ` 18
lakh capital subsidy
A ital Capital subsidy @ 20%
 Small Enterprises - of 25%: Max Rs 1
. Sub of the fixed assets
25% Value of Fixed crore
sidy
Assets: max 45 lakh)
 Medium Enterprises
- 55 lakh
 5% annually for 6
Inte Interest subsidy for years on term loan 5% annually for 5
rest seven years including a for Micro years on term
Sub moratorium of two Enterprises. loan: Max Rs 40
 5 % Interest Subsidy
sidy years Lakh/yr
on Technology
Upgradation Loan
B VAT Micro & small  100% exemption on 100%
. / enterprises: 100% Entry Tax on 'Plant &
reimbursement
CST reimbursement of net Machinery' for 3
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/ VAT/CST or SGST for a years & on raw of state taxes for

SGS period of 7 years materials for 5 years 7 years
T  Concessional
Medium enterprises:
registration charges
75% reimbursement of for loan documents,
net VAT/CST or SGST lease & sale deeds
for a period of 7 years  100%
Reimbursement of
Land Conversion Fee
25% of capital
investment in  50% capital subsidy
ETP, Max Rs. 1 of the cost of ETP
Crore Max 50 lakh.
Envi  50% equipment cost
10% capital subsidy for
for Rain water
ron cleaner production
harvesting: max. 1
me Infrastructure measures for large lakh Environmental
nt Subsidy for industries: Max 35
 50% equipment cost protection
C Rel dedicated ETP or lakhs for Waste water
. ate Hazardous subsidy
recycling: max. 5
d Waste lakh
ince Treatment 25% capital subsidy for  50% equipment cost
ntiv Storage & sustainable green for Zero discharge
es Disposal Facility measures: Max 50 Cr process: max. 5 lakh
set up by  10% capital subsidy
individual on Energy
manufacturing conservation
units. measure max 5 lakh

 ISO Series
o Employment
A portion of Certification: 75% of
cost subsidy
cost (max. 75,000)
employer o Entrepreneurs
o Assistance for  BIS Certification:
contribution for hip
technology 50% fees max.
additional development
acquisition and up 20,000 & 25% cost
oth employees subsidy
gradation max. 50,000
ers above 31-03- o o Capital grant
Reimbursement of  Technology
2016 level to be for Quality
training fee Adoption: 25% of
infrastructure
borne by o Transport subsidy cost (max. 50,000)
o Marketing
government for for labour  Technology
Syndication
3 years Business Incubation
o Training
Center: 25% cost
subsidy
max: 50 lakhs.
Source: Industrial Policy Documents of the state

19.9. Annexure 7: Kerala Municipal Building Rules

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ANNEXURE 7 – KERALA MUNICIPAL BUILDING RULES

GENERAL PROVISIONS REGARDING SITE AND BUILDING REQUIREMENTS

24. Exterior and Interior open-air spaces

(1) Every room intended for human habitation shall abut on an exterior or interior open space or
verandah open to such exterior or interior open space and such open space shall be maintained
for the benefit of the building exclusively and shall be entirely within the owner's own premises
and shall be open to the sky and is barred from being subdivided, partitioned or legally bifurcated
or transacted, in any manner whatsoever, till such date when the structure itself is demolished
and shall be kept free from any erection thereon other than those specially allowed in these rules.

(2) In case a group of buildings are to be put up within any plot belonging to the same owner or
by different owners of adjoining lands jointly the area of the land remaining after accounting for
the mandatory front, rear and side yards from the boundary of the plot shall be considered as
buildable area of the plot where the buildings may be constructed subject to the conditions
regarding floor area ratio, coverage, access, light and ventilation. for the whole plot, distance
between the various blocks within this area shall be minimum 2 meters for building upto 10 meters
height and 3 meters exceeding that height.

(3) Every building upto 10 meters in height shall have a minimum front yard of 3 meters depth:
Provided that where 3 meters depth cannot be maintained laterally throughout due to the peculiar
shape of the plot , it shall suffice if the mean depth at all points not less than 1.80 meters.

(4) Every building upto 10 meters in height shall have a minimum rear yard of 2 meters depth:

Provided that where 2 meters depth cannot be maintained laterally throughout due to the peculiar
shape of the plot, it shall suffice if the mean depth is not less than 2 meters with minimum depth
at all point not less than 1.00 meter.

Provided further that in the case of buildings upto 7 meters height, it shall suffice if the mean
depth is not less than 1.50 meters with minimum depth to at all points not less than 1.00 meter.

Provided further that in the case of buildings upto 7 meters height, the depth of rear yard may be
reduced to not less than 75 cms without any opening such as door and window on that side,
however ventilator opening may be made at a height of 2.20 meters from the corresponding floor
level.

Provided also that in the case of buildings up to 7 meters height, the depth of rearyard may be
reduced or even abut the plot boundary without any manner of opening on that side if the owner
of the plot on that side voluntarily agrees for the same in writing.
(5) Every building up to 10 meters in height shall have a minimum side yard of 1.20 meters on one
side and a minimum of 1.00 meter on the other side.

Provided that in the case of buildings up to 7 meters height, the depth or yard on one side may be
reduced to not less than 75 cms without any opening such as door and window on that side, but
however, ventilator opening may be made at a height of 2.10 metres from the corresponding floor
level if the side yard on the other side have a minimum of 1.20 meters.

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Provided further that in the case of building unto 7 meters height the depth of side yard on one
side other than that having 1.20 meters may be reduced below 75 cms or even abut the plot
boundary without any manner of opening on that side, if the owner of the plot on that side
voluntarily agrees for the same in writing.

(6) Any room intended for human habitation and not abutting on either front, rear or side open
air spaces shall abut on an interior open space whose width shall not be less than 2.4 meters:

Provided that in the case of buildings up to 7 meters height it shall be sufficient if such interior
open space has a minimum width of 1.5 meters.

(7) Sufficient land shall be kept unpaved or sufficient opening shall be provided in the land to allow
percolation of rain water in the plot itself and rain, water from a plot shall be connected with
public drainage system only in case of plots with impermeable soil.

(8) For buildings above 10 meters in height, in addition to the minimum front, rear and side open
spaces required for height up to 10 meters, there shall be provided proportionate increase in such
minimum open space at the rate of 0.5 meter per every 3 meters height exceeding 10 meters:

Provided that such additional set back corresponding to increase in may be provided, for the whole
building at ground level or for corresponding floors at their level.

(10) No construction or hanging of any sort shall be permitted to project outside the boundaries
of the site.

(11) Every open space provided, either interior or exterior shall be kept free from any erection
thereon and shall be open to the sky and only cornice, roof or whether shade not more than 0.60
meter width shall overhang or project over the said open space so as to reduce the width to less
than the minimum required:

Provided that where the open space is minimum 0.60 meter the cornice, roof or weather shade
shall be limited to 30 cms. and where the open space is less than 0.60 meter no projection
whatsoever shall be permitted:

Provided further that where the open space has minimum 1.50 meters. cornice roof or weather
shade up to 75cms shall be permitted and increase in the width of cornice roof of weather shade
shall be permitted corresponding to increase in the open space:

Provided further that no door or window shall he permitted if the open space on that portion is
less than 1 meter:

Provided further that open stair or flight of steps or ramps meant as access to upper or lower
floors shall be permitted in the open space if such stair, step or ramp has minimum 60cms distance
from the boundaries.

Provided also that the underneath of the ramp shall not be enclosed however pillars may be
permitted for its support. (12) The front, rear and side set-backs for constructions below ground
level (basement floor, etc.) shall be the same as that required for a 10 meters height building of
the same occupancy group constructed above ground level.

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25. Minimum distance between central fine of a street and building

(1) The minimum distance between the central line of a street and any building other than a
compound wall or fence or outdoor display structure shall be 4.5 meters and that between plot
boundary abutting the street and building shall be 3 meters.

Provided that in the case of cul-de-sac of whatever width but not exceeding 250metres length or
pedestrian lanes and streets up to average 3 width or internal roads and streets of whatever width
within or leading to and residential colony, it shall be sufficient if the distance between the plot
boundary abutting the street and building is 2 meters for buildings up to 7 meters height
irrespective of the distance from the central line of the road to the building.

Provided further that in the case of lanes not exceeding 75 meters length leading to one or more
individual plots it shall be sufficient if the distance (between the plot boundary abutting the lane
and the building is 1.50 irrespective of the distance from the central line of the lane.

(2) Any restriction under street alignment or building line or both, if any fixed for area and
restriction under any development plan or any (town planning scheme or approved road widening
proposal or any other or byelaws shall also apply simultaneously to all buildings in addition to the
provisions contained in sub rule (1).

(3) The provisions contained in sub rules (1) and (2) shall apply invariable all buildings where the
front, rear or side yard abuts a street or gain access through a street.

26. Prohibition for constructions abutting public roads.

No person shall construct any building other than compound wall within 3 meters, from any plot
boundary abutting national highways, state highways or other roads-notified by Municipality:

Provided that open ramps or bridges or steps or similar structures with or without parapets or
railings shall be permitted as access from the street to the building within that 3 meters and
cornice roof or weather shade not exceeding 75 cms shall be permitted to project from the
building into such 3 meters.

27. Developments including land subdivision and plot development for residential use.
All new developments including land subdivisions and plot developments shall be subject to the
following, namely:

(i) the area of any newly subdivided plot, reconstituted plot or building plot shall be not less than
125 square meters with an average width of 6.00 meters:

Provided that for row housing where side open spaces are not required, it is sufficient if the plot
has an average width of 4.50 meters.

(ii) every plot shall have a frontage of not less than 4 meters on any abutting street;

(iii) every street shall have not less than 7.00 meters width and shall be motorable:

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Provided that in the case of cul-de-sacs with length not exceeding 250 meters, it is sufficient if the
street (cul-de-sac) has not less than 5.00 meters width and in the case of cul-de-sacs not exceeding
75 meters, it is sufficient if the street (cul-de-sac) has not less than 3.00 meters width:

Provided further that in residential areas where motor able street cannot made due to difficult
terrain, the width of any new street shall be not less 5.00 meters and where the length of such
street does not exceed 250 meter it is sufficient if the street has not less than 3.00 meters width.

(iv) when the area of the land under development work, layout or subdivision is 50 acres or more,
ten percent of the total area shall be provided for recreational open spaces and shall be suitably
located to be accessible the residents of the layout.

Provided that while considering the area of the land, the area of any contiguous land belonging to
the same owner, though not proposed 1 immediate development shall be taken into account;

(v) the recreational open space to be provided under item (iv) shall have an access as if it were a
separate plot and as far as possible it shall be in 1 piece and in no case less than 2 areas in area
with a minimum width of 6 meters.

(vi) the layout or subdivision proposal shall be in conformity with the provisions of published or
sanctioned development plan for the area and if the land is affected by any reservation for a public
purpose, the Secretary may agree to adjust its exact location to suit the development but not so
as to affect its area;

(vii) the street junctions shall be splayed or rounded off to give sufficient turning radii and sight
distance for vehicles and the side if the splay shall be a minimum of 4 meters for roads up to 10
meters and shall be a minimum of 1 meter for roads exceeding 10 meters width.

(viii) in the case of lay out or sub division of land having an area of two hectares or more a suitable
plot for an electric transformer shall be provided;

(ix) in the case of development permits, approval of the District Town Planner shall be obtained
for land upto 0.5 hectares in area and approval of chief Town Planner shall be obtained for land
exceeding that area.

(x) if the site forms part of approved layout, copy of sub division layout shall be enclosed along
with the plans for approval; and

(xi) adequate arrangements for surface water drainage shall be provided.

28. Development including land sub-division and plot development for mercantile (commercial)
development. - All new developments land including sub-divisions and plot developments shall be
subject to the following:

(i) the width of every new street, public or private, intended for use as cart or carriage way giving
access to or through a commercial precinct consisting of a continuous row of shops exceeding ten
in number shall not be less than to meters except in the case of cul-de-sac not exceeding 150
meters length, Where the minimum width shall be 7 meters;

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(ii) the frontage of every commercial plot abutting the street, shall have a minimum width of 6
meters;

(iii) no plot with a layout proposed for commercial development shall be an area less than 60 Sq.
meters;

(iv) for every plot within a layout for commercial development, building line from the street shall
not be less than 3 meters;

(v) no plot intended to house a service garage or auto workshop with in a layout for commercial
development shall be of an area less than 300 sq.mts and an average plot width less than 12
meters.

(vi) the approval of the Chief Town Planner or an officer authorized by him shall be obtained for
the layout of all new commercial street and land sub-division exceeding five plots.

29. Development including land sub-division and plot development for industrial
development.- All new developments including land sub- divisions and plot developments shall be
subject to the following:-

(i) the width of every new street, public or private, intended for use as a cart or carriage way giving
access to or through an organized industrial area with not less than six constituent units, shall be
minimum 10 meters:

Provided that in the case of small industrial units or cul-de-sac not exceeding 150 meters length,
the minimum road width shall be 7 meters.

(ii) the minimum size of industrial plot abutting street shall be 400 sq. meters in extent with a
width of not less than 15 meters:

Provided that the minimum plot requirement in item (ii) shall not apply to small industrial units;

(iii) in industrial layouts a place for installation of transformer shall be provided in consultation
with the Chief Electrical Inspector or an officer authorized by him;

(iv) the approval of the Chief Town Planner or an officer authorized by him shall be obtained for
the layout of industrial streets and land sub-division exceeding five plots;

Note: For the purpose of these rules small industrial unit means an industrial unit classified as such
by Government from time to time or an industrial unit not included in Schedule 1 of the Factories
Act, 1948.

(v) the usage of plots proposed for development or redevelopment shall be governed by the
provisions contained in the development plan or detailed town planning scheme prepared for the
locality:

Provided that where no such plan exists, the usage of plots shall be as approved by the Chief Town
Planner or an officer authorized by him.

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OCCUPANCY
30. Occupancy of buildings.

(1) The occupancy of any building or part thereof shall be governed by the usage of plots
proposed for development or redevelopment according to the provisions contained in the
development plan or detailed town planning scheme prepared for the area.

(2) All buildings, whether existing or hereafter proposed, shall be classified in one of the
following occupancies according to the use or character of occupancy, namely:

Group AI Residential
Group A2 Special Residential
Group B Educational
Group C Medical/Hospital
Group D Assembly
Group E Office/Business
Group F Mercantile/Commercial
Group GI Industrial
Group G2 Small industrial
Group H Storage
Group 1(1) and Group
Hazardous
1(2)

Notes: (i) Any building not specifically covered by any of the occupancies under sub rule (2)
shall be in the group which most nearly resembles its exiting or proposed use.

(ii) Any building which accommodates more than one use under sub-rule (2) shall be included
under the most restrictive group.,

(3) The description of occupancies are given below, namely:

(a) Group AI. - Residential Building shall include any building in which sleeping
accommodation is provided for normal residential purposes, with or without cooking and or
dining facilities. They shall include one or multifamily dwellings, apartment houses or
residential flats. Small professional offices or spaces for advocates, doctors, engineers,
architects, chartered accountants, beauticians, tailors, photographers, videographers,
telephone booth operator, computer professionals, typists, electrical or electronic
equipment service professionals, not exceeding 50 sq. metres floor area and used as part of
principal residential occupancy are also included in this group. Further, lodging or rooming
houses, tourist homes, dormitories, hostels and hotels not exceeding 150 sq. metres floor
area are included in this group.

(b) Group A2. - Special Residential building shall include all lodging or rooming houses,
dormitories, tourist homes, hostels hotels exceeding 150 sq. metres floor area with or
without conference halls, community halls, dining halls or assembly rooms Crèches, day care
centres, children's nursery, reading rooms libraries and educational buildings not exceeding
150 sq. metres floor area are also included in this group.

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(c) Group B.- Educational building shall include all educational buildings or part thereof
exceeding 150 sq. metres floor area, used for school, college, institution, education and or
research.

(d) Group C. - Medical or Hospital Building shall including any building or part thereof-
exceeding 150 Sq. metres of build-up area used for purposes such as medical or other
treatment or care of persons suffering from physical or mental illness, disease or infirmity,
care of infants, convalescents or aged persons. Hospitals, sanitoria, clinic, homes for the aged
and the infirm, convalescent homes, mental hospitals are included in this group.

(e) Group D.- Assembly building shall include any building or part of a building exceeding 300
sq. metres of total floor area where people, congregate or gather for amusement, recreation,
social, religious, patriotic, civil, travel and similar purposes such as theatres, motion picture
houses or cinemas, assembly halls for educational dramatic or theoretical presentation,
auditoriums wedding halls, community halls, exhibition halls, art galleries, museums libraries,
skating rings, gymnasiums, congregation, dance halls, club rooms, passenger stations or
transport terminals, recreation piers, amusement park structures, viewing stands, grand
stands, stadia and circus tents.

(f) Group E. Office or business building shall include any building or part of a building having
a total floor area of more than 300 sq. metres which is used for transaction of public or private
business or for accommodating offices of public or private agencies or for the keeping of
records, accounts and similar purposes. Local, State and Central Government office and
buildings for office purposes constructed by private sector and quasi government agencies
and buildings for the use of defence, court houses, public utility buildings, jails and prisons
are included in this group.

(g) Group F. Mercantile or commercial building shall include any building or part of a building
which is used for display and sale of merchandise such as shops, stores, markets, either
wholesale or retail. Banking and financial institutions, public and private business houses,
professional establishment of doctors, dentist, engineers, architects, lawyers, pathological
laboratories, tailor shops, video shops, barbershop, beauty parlours, newsstands, milk
booths, restaurants and non-nuisance type of small establishment like armature winding
shops using power motor or machine of capacity not exceeding 3 horse power are included
in this group. Further, buildings or part of buildings used exclusively for parking of vehicles
(parking buildings, parking plazas etc.) are also included in this group.

Notes. - (1) Any building with not more than 150 sq. metres built up area accommodating the
use under Group C and with not more than 300 sq. metres built up area accommodating the
use under Groups D, E and H shall be included in Group F.

(2) Minor merchandising operations in buildings primarily meant for other uses shall be
covered by the group under which the predominant occupancy is classified.

Group G1.- Industrial building shall include any building or part thereof where products or
materials of all kinds and properties are fabricated, assembled or processed. It includes
workshops, assembly plants, laboratories, dry cleaning plants, power plants, pumping
stations, smoke houses, laundries, gas plants, refineries, dairies, saw mills, and the like.

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(j) Group G2. Small industrial building shall include any building or part thereof where
products or materials of all kinds and properties are fabricated, assembled or processed by a
small-scale industrial unit.

Note: 'Small scale industrial unit' means an industrial unit carrying on small scale industry
classified as such by government from time to time for this purpose but does not include an
industry included in schedule 1 of the Factories Act, 1948.

Group H. Storage building shall include any building or part thereof used primarily for the
storage or sheltering (including servicing, processing or repairing incidental to storage) of
goods, wares or merchandise (except those involving highly combustible or explosive
products or materials), vehicles and the like. Ware-houses, freight depots, transit sheds, store
houses, garages, hangers, grain elevators, barns and silos are included in this group. Minor
storage incidental to other occupancies shall be treated as part of the predominant
occupancy.

(1) Group I (I). Hazardous building shall include any building or part of a building which is used
for purposes which create air and sound pollution of minor nature and or producing effluents
which does not cause very adverse environmental effects. Automobile wash stalls,
automobile service stations, service garages with repairing facilities, welding workshops, are
included in this group. Poultry farms with more than [x x x] 20 hens or ducks, dairy with more
than [ x x x ] 6 cattle, kennel with more than [x x xl 6 dogs are also included in this group.

(m) Group 1 (2)- Hazardous building shall include any building or part of a building which is
used for the storage, handling, manufacturing processing of highly combustible, explosive,
poisonous, irritant, corrosive, toxic or noxious materials or products or any products or
materials producing dust. They shall include buildings and yards used for,-

(i) [ x x x ] storage under pressure of more than 1 Kg/cm2 and in quantities exceeding 70 m3
of acetylene, hydrogen, illuminating and natural gases, ammonia, chlorine phosgene, sulphur
dioxide, methyl oxide and all gases subject to explosion, fumes or toxic hazard;

(ii)storage and handling of hazardous and highly inflammable liquids:

(iii) storage and handling of hazardous and highly inflammable or explosive materials other
than liquids, gas bottling plants, petrol and diesel storage tanks;

(iv) manufacture of plastic goods, synthetic leather, ammunition, explosives and fireworks;
(v) crematoria, burial grounds, garbage dumping yards, abuttoirs (slaughter houses),
sewerage treatment plants, petrol filling stations, coal, wood and timber yards with saw mills;

31. Coverage and floor area ratio.

(1) The maximum percentage of coverage permissible for each occupancy shall limit
the maximum area at any floor of a building. The floor area ratio value shall limit the
maximum buildable total floor area. Floor area ratio ie, F.A.R. shall be calculated as shown
below:

F.A.R= Total floor area on the floors/Plot area

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(2) The percentage of coverage and the F.A.R. value of building under different occupancies
shall not exceed the maximum specified in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2
Coverage and Floor Area Ratio (F.A.R)
Maximum Maximum
Permissible permissible Maximum
Building use / Coverage F.A.R permissible
Sl.No.
Occupancy (percentage without F.A.R with
of plot additional additional fee
area) fee
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
1 Residential A1 65 3.00 4
2 Special Residential A2 65 2.50 4
3 Educational B 35 2.50 3
4 Medical/Hospital C 40 2.00 3
5 Assembly D 40 1.50 2.50
6 Office/Business E 40 2.00 3
Mercantile/Commercial
7 65 2.50 4
F
8 Industrial G1 40 1.50 0
9 Small Industrial G2 60 2.50 3
10 Storage H 60 2.50 3
11 Hazardous I(1) 30 1.00 0
12 Hazardous I(2) 25 0.70 0

Note: The Value of maximum permissible coverage of a building of a particular occupancy

group shall be limited by the value given under column (3) and shall be the area covered by
the building at any floor after accounting for the exterior open space (front, sides and rear)
and interior open spaces.

(3) For permitting for FAR shown in column (5) of Table 2, an additional fee at the rate of
Rs.1000 per square meter exceeding the area permissible under column (4) shall be paid.

32.Height of buildings.

2[(1) The Maximum height of any building or part thereof shall be limited according to the
width of the street as follows:

(a) The maximum height of the building or part thereof shall not exceed twice the width of
the street abutting the plot plus twice the width of the yard from the building to the abutting
street and this height may further be increased proportionately at the rate of 3 metres for
every 50 cms. by which the building or the corresponding portion or floor of the building is
set back from the building line;

(b) If a building plot abuts on two or more streets of different width, the building plot shall
be deemed to abut the street that has the greater width for the purposes of this rule and the

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height of the building shall be regulated by the width of that street and shall be continued at
this height along the narrower street:

Provided that the height restriction as per this rule shall be compulsory only for buildings or
part of building coming within 12 metres of building line:

Provided further that appurtenant roof structures like staircase tower over head tanks, air
conditioning rooms, cellular telecommunication equipment or tower structures, cabin rooms,
chimneys, parapet walls and similar roof structures other than pent houses shall not be
included in the height of the building for the purpose of this rule:

Provided also that architectural features serving no other function except that of decoration
shall not be included in the height of the building for the purpose of this rule.]

(2) For buildings, structures and installations in the vicinity of airports the stipulations with
regard to height shall be further limited as shown in Table 3. This shall be subject to any
notification issued by Government of India under the Aircrafts Act 1, 1934.

[Provided that buildings, structures and installations exceeding the height shown in Table 3
shall be allowed if no objection certificate from the concerned airport authority is obtained
and produced before the Secretary for issuing the permit.]

TABLE 3
Aerodrome Vicinity Height Restrictions

Limits of distance from the Aerodrome

Permissible height of
reference point of buildings, structures or
building structure or
Sl. installations measured horizontally
installation from 1[XXX]
No. International Civil Air Other Civil Air ports
Aerodrome reference
Ports and their and civil
point
Alternates Aerodromes
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1[XXX]
Between 8.535 km. and Between 7.925 km.
1 152 m
22 km and 22km
Between 7.315 km. and Between 6.706 km.
2 122 m
8.535km and 7.925km
Between 6.096 km. and Between 5.486 km.
3 91 m
7.315km and 6.706km
Between 4.877 km. and Between 4.267 km.
4 61 m
6.096km and 5.486km
Between 4.267 km. and Between 3.650 km.
5 48 m
4.877km and 4.267km
Between 3.658 km. and Between 3.048 km.
6 36 m
4.267km and 3.658km
Between 3.048 km. and Between 2.438 km.
7 24 m
3.658km and 3.048km
Between 2.438 km. and Between 1.829 km.
[8 12 m
3.048km and 2.438km
9 Less than 2.438 km Less than 2.438 km Nil
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except with the concurrence of the concerned airport authority;]

3[Notes:- (1) No tree shall be allowed to grow above the height shown in column (4) within
the distance shown in column (2) and (3) respectively.

(2) For calculation of permissible height as per this sub rule the highest point of the building
without any exemption shall be considered.]

(33) Access
(1) The minimum clear width of access to a building and plots as well as the width of the
street giving access to the plot from the main street shall be as shown in Table 4.

Table 4
Access
Residential Non-Residential
Up to 300Sq. Above 300Sq.
Type of
Sl. No. Single Units Multiple Units meter of carpet meter of carpet
Building
area in each floor area in each floor
1. Single storey No minimum 1.20 metres 1.20 metres 3.60 metres
2. Two storeys 90 cms 3.60 metres 2.00 metres 5.00 metres
3. Three storeys 1.20 metres 5.00 metres 3.60 metres 5.00 metres
Above three
4. 3.60 metres 5.00 metres 5.00 metres 7.00 metres
storeys

[Provided that wherever off-street parking is required for the building as per these rules,
motor able access width shall be provided to the plot.]

Provided further that the access width of any building shall be modified to be in accordance
with the provisions in any detailed development plan for the area.

(2) No person shall at any time construct or cause or permit to construct or reconstruct any
building which in any way encroaches upon or diminishes the area set apart as access to that
building.

(3) No person shall construct a building or undertake construction work on a building which
reduces the access to any building previously existing, below the minimum width required
under these rules.

(4) No building shall be constructed so as to deprive any other building of an existing access.

(5) The space set apart as access shall be separately distinguishable from any house gully or
open space required to be provided under any other rule.

(6) Every access shall be drained and lighted to the satisfaction of the Secretary and man-hole
covers or other drainage, water or any other fittings laid in such access shall be flush with
finished surface level so as not to obstruct safe travel over the same.

34. Parking, loading and unloading spaces. - (1) Each of street parking space provided for
parking motor cars shall be not less than 15 Sq. mts. area (5.5 mts. x 2.7mts.) and for scooters
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and cycles the area of each parking space provided shall be not less than 3 sq. mts. and 1.5
sq. mt. respectively.

(2) For buildings of different occupancies, off-street- parking spaces for motor cars shall be
provided within the plot as specified in Table 5.

Table 5
off-street Parking Space
Sl. No Occupancy One parking space for every or fraction of
(1) Group A1- Residential (a) 8 units (with each unit upto 100 sq. metres of
Apartment Houses/Flats carpet area)
(b) 4 units (with each unit above101 sq. metres and
upto 150 sq. meter of carpet area)
(c) 2 units (with each unit above151 sq. metres and
upto 200 sq. meter of carpet area)
(d) Single unit (exceeding 200 sq metres of carpet
area)
(2) Group A2- Special (i) Rooms with attached bath and w.c.
Residential, Lodging and (a) 8 rooms (with each room upto 12 sq, metres
Rooming Houses, Tourist carpet area)
homes and hostels, (b) 5 rooms (with each room above 12
Dormitories without any sq. metres and upto 20 sq. metres carpet area)
attached eating facility such (c) 3 rooms (with each room above 20 sq, metres
as restaurant. Canteen, carpet area)
Cafeteria, mess or dining (ii) Rooms without attached bath and w.c.
(a) 18 rooms (with each room upto 5 sq, metres
carpet area)
(b) 12 rooms (with each room above 5
sq. metres and upto12 sq. metres carpet area)
(c) 6 rooms (with each room above 12 sq, metres
carpet area)
Note:- At the rate of one parking space for every 30
sq. metres carpet area of dining space/20 seats of
dining accommodation shall be provided in addition
to the above, in case of Special Residential. Buildings
attached with eating facility.
(3) Group B-Educational (i) 300 sq metres of carpet area.
(i) High Schools, Higher
Secondary Schools, Junior
Technical Schools, Industrial
Training Institute etc. (ii) 200 sq metres of carpet area.
(ii) Higher educational
institutes.
(4) Group C- Medical/Hospital 100 sq metres of carpet area.
(5) Group D- Assembly 25 seats of accommodation
Note:-
(i) In case of wedding halls and community halls, for
calculating the carpet area or seating
accommodation, for the purpose of off street
parking, the carpet area of either the auditorium or

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the dining hall, whichever is higher, alone need be

taken.
(ii) for the purpose of this rule 1.50 sq metres carpet
area shall be considered as one seating
accommodation.
(6) Group E- Business/Office 100 sq metres of carpet area.
Building
(7) Group F- Mercantile/ 100 sq metres of carpet area.
Commercial building
exceeding 75 sq. metre
carpet area
(8) Group G- Industrial Building 200 sq metres of carpet area.
exceeding 100 sq. metres of
carpet area.
(9) Group G2- Small Industrial 200 sq metres of carpet area.
exceeding 100 sq. metres of
carpet area.
(10) Group H-Storage 200 sq metres of carpet area.

Provided that in Second Grade Municipalities and Third Grade Municipalities it shall suffice if
75 per cent and 50 per cent respectively of the above parking is provided in village panchayats
where the provisions of the Kerala Municipality Building Rules, 1999 stand extended, off
street parking shall be provided as in third grade municipalities.

(3) Wherever any parking space is required under these rules, 25% of that area shall be
provided additionally for parking scooters or cycles.

(4) Every off-street parking space shall be provided with adequate vehicular access to a street;
area of drives, aisles and such other provisions required and adequate area for manicuring of
vehicles shall be provided in addition to the parking space.

(5) In addition to the parking space as in Table 5, in the case of Group F Mercantile or
Commercial, Group G-Industrial and Group H storage occupancies, loading and unloading
spaces each 30 sq. mts. shall be provided within the plot, at the rate of one such space for
each 1000 sq. mts. of floor area or fraction thereof, exceeding the first 700 sq. mts. of floor
area.

(6) Not exceeding fifty per cent of the area of mandatory open yard (space) shall be taken
into account for calculating the required off street parking space if such open space has
adequate vehicular access and area for maneuvering.

(7) The Government may, if adequate off street parking facility is available to their satisfaction
near the site proposed for building, in any parking building or parking area provided by the
Municipality or quasi-Government agency or private agency, permit the secretary by general
or special order and subject to conditions specified there in to allow reduction in off street
parking space in any or all buildings in that area to the extent not exceeding 50 per cent of
the required number of off street parking space.

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19.10. Annexure 8: Surveys and Investigation

19.10.1. Topographic Survey
This section provides the details of the surveys and investigations carried out for the project.

Topographic Survey Specifications

Following are the technical specifications are adopted for the topographic survey.
 Establishment of DGPS Points
 Carrying of Govt. Benchmark by Levelling
 Traversing by Total Station
 Topographical Survey of road detailing.
 Topographical Survey of 500 acre to capture all the existing details and features.
The work was executed according to the specifications and good standard of practice necessary to
fulfil the objective of the survey work.

Establishing DGPS Points

a) Office Planning for Satellite coverage
Comprehensive planning and organization make up an essential part of the GPS methodology.
Therefore, prior to the survey, the satellite coverage is evaluated in the area of interest for the given
time period. Quick Plan, the mission planning software supplied by TRIMBLE, is used to generate a
number of satellite visibility plots and reports. Graphs include the number of satellites, PDOP (Position
Dilution of Precision), elevation, azimuth, satellite availability, and a skyplot. PDOP is an indication of
the geometric strength of the satellite configuration. It accounts for the relative location of each
satellite in the constellation to predict the accuracy of positions obtained utilizing that constellation.
b) Base receiver configuration and setup
The following parameters were set for the reference receiver:
(i) logging interval: 5 secs
(ii) elevation mask: 10 degs
(iii) PDOP mask: 8
(iv) SNR mask: 4

c) Rover receiver configuration and setup

The following parameters were set for the reference receiver:

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(i) logging interval: 5 secs

(ii) elevation mask: 13 degs
(iii) PDOP mask: 6
(iv) SNR mask: 6

A thorough reconnaissance is done primarily to identify suitable existing geodetic control points in the
vicinity. The selected control point is accessible, preferably by vehicle, and has an open horizon.
The base receiver is set in the centre of the project area such that all the rover control points fall within
2.5km radius to attain sub centimetre accuracy.
The rover receiver is enclosed in a backpack, which affords a convenient means of conducting the data
collection. The antenna is mounted on a range pole, and the data collector is held by the operator.
This configuration is well suited to the mobility required for the fieldwork.
The Base Reference points were established with an observation time of 4 Hours. All the control points
were established with an observation time of 1 hour.
d) Post-processing operations
Trimble Business Centre Software is used for all the post processing operations. All data collected and
stored in the receiver relate to the World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS 84) reference ellipsoid. The
data is processed on WGS 84 and converted to the local UTM coordinates once processing has been
completed.

List of DGPS Points

A total of 69 DGPS points was established throughout the project area and same are presented in
below table.

Levelling
Carrying out the benchmark by deploying double fly levelling from the nearest Irrigation Dept.
Benchmark. The BM location with value was Obtained from BPCL. The Following BM was Used to
establish BMs Throughout the Project area with a MSL of 35.883m
Fly levelling was carried out using two good qualities Electronic Digital Levels and Bar-Coded Levelling
Staffs with Reading levels simultaneously. The levelling instruments were always kept free of
collimation error, which was checked and adjusted, before start of work every day.
Closing error in levelling was limited to 10L mm where L is the length of route in km.
Levelling was carried to all the Traverse control point to establish vertical control.

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Table 1-1: List of GPS Points

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List of Benchmarks
BENCHMARK LIST - KINFRA

SL.NO BM NORTHING EASTING RL DESCRIPTION

ID

1 TBM 1103305.438 649409.860 9.335 Top level of pillar in shelter, In front of

K1 gypsum billing office FACT, Kochi Division,
Kerala.

2 TBM 1104299.577 650985.833 26.640 Bottom level of lamp pole in FRBL office
K2 circle, FACT, Kochi Division, Kerala.

3 TBM 1104747.869 651723.060 22.460 Top level of chamber wall in Sewage pond
K3 circle, FACT, Kochi Division, Kerala.

4 TBM 1105219.140 652045.699 33.587 Top level of retaining wall, In front of

K4 Brahmapuram gate security building, FACT,
Kochi Division, Kerala.

5 TBM 1104128.071 652385.514 26.276 Top level of pillar in front of building no

K5 211, FACT, Kochi Division, Kerala.

6 TBM 1104569.493 651998.801 20.833 Top level of pipe line pillar at lake bridge,
K6 near A2 land portion, FACT, Kochi Division,
Kerala.

7 TBM 1104037.956 652957.994 34.995 Top level of retaining wall, in front fact gate
K7 type 5, also near building no 505, FACT,
Kochi Division, Kerala.

8 TBM 1104452.283 653256.188 36.524 Floor level of building entrance, in front of

K8 building no 512, FACT, Kochi Division,
Kerala.

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Traversing by Total Station

Figure 1-1 : Traversing (Establishing Horizontal Control)

Triangulation or traversing or a combination
of the two methods, was adopted for the
purpose of establishing horizontal control
and in order to determine the exact
relationship between various existing points
on ground, so that surveys required under
the present scope of work and in future may
be co-related and tied together.
Levelling Govt. Benchmark RL values were
used for the entire survey work.
Total station instruments were deployed to
achieve the specified accuracy of the work,
proper precautions for avoiding graduation
errors and other instrumental and personal
errors was scrupulously observed.
Main traverse/triangulation station,
subsidiary station was established at suitable
intervals to cover the entire project area.
Traverse Points were established at about
200m interval. Traversing was Conducted by
Total Station and Levels for these stations
were provided by Digital Levels.
The closing error in traverse was checked to be within permissible limits and the permissible error
shall not exceed one in twenty-five thousand (1:25000) in terms of length, or LN seconds total in

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angular measurement, whichever is less (where L is the least count of the instrument and N is the
number of stations).
Traverse was done using Total Station Starting from a pair of GPS Points and run along the road for
about 2km and the traverse was closed to another pair of GPS Points.

Contouring
Spot level surveying at an interval of 20 meters grid was carried out in the entire project area. The
contours were interpolated at 0.50 meters’ intervals based on levelling conducted.

Topographical Survey and Mapping

Position, both in plan and elevation, of all natural and artificial
features of the area like Roads, waterways, railway tracks, trees,
cultivation, houses, fences, pucca and kutcha roads including
culverts, crossings, foot tracks, other permanent objects like
telephone posts, and transmission towers, etc are established and
subsequently shown on survey maps by means of conventional
symbols, all hills and valleys within the area/areas are surveyed and
plotted on maps by contours. Necessary levelling work of the entire
area/areas was surveyed and plotted on maps by establishing
horizontal location so that location and sketching of contours for the
area/areas can be done at specified intervals and in specified scales
on maps. Method of survey, contour intervals etc. was decided by
engineer-in-charge on site in case of steep slopes and dense jungle
etc. where griding is not possible.
Any unusual condition or formations on the ground, locations of rock
outcrops (if visible on the surface), and springs/falls, possible
aggregate deposits etc. are noted and plotted on the maps.
The fieldwork was done with total station equipment as mentioned in the following steps:
 Establishing horizontal and vertical controls and locating reference grids and benchmark in
the area.

 Surveying of Roads and recoding centreline levels at every 20m intervals and picking up all the
features along the Roads.

 Surveying for locating the natural and manmade details as described earlier.

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Instruments and Software’s

We have mobilized the following instruments as minimum requirement: -
 Total Station: 3 No.
 GNSS: 3 No.
 Electronic Digital Levels:1 No.
 Computer with AutoCAD 2000 software:2 No.
 Plotter:2 No.
 Vehicle:2 (Jeep)
1. Total Staion – Sokkia SET 510K
2. Total Staion – Trimble M3
3. Total Station – Leica
4. Digital Level – Sokkia SDL 50 Power Level
5. GNSS GPS – Trimble R8S
Software’s Used
1. Autodesk AutoCAD 2017
2. Autodesk Civil3D 2017
3. Trimble Business Center
4. Trimble Access
5. Sokkia Link

Calibration Certificates
The calibration certificate of instruments is enclosed after this page.

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Drawings
The drawings were prepared directly on computers using standard software like Autodesk AutoCAD
2017 and Autodesk Civil 3D.

Preparation & Submission of Topographical Survey Maps

Survey maps of the site in suitable scale indicating grid lines and contour lines, demarcating all
permanent features like roads, railways, waterways, natural etc. Plan of each area with contours, grid
lines and permanent features have been provided.
All the maps are prepared in digital format using AutoCAD Software. Lots of layers have been used in
the Soft Copies for clear understanding. The Following are the Layers used.
Layer Name Color Linetype Layer Name Color Linetype
0 white Continuous FLYOVER magenta Continuous
0 white Continuous FOOT OVER green Continuous
BRIDGE
Asphalt cyan DASHED Footpath 141 Continuous
ATM white Continuous GATE white Continuous
BANK white Continuous Generator white Continuous
benchmark white Continuous Govt_txt white Continuous
BLOCK LEVEL white Continuous GPS white Continuous
5x5m
Bore Well green Continuous GRID white Continuous
BOUNDARY white Continuous GRID TEXT white Continuous
Building red Continuous Hatch_Build 11 Continuous
Building Hatch white Continuous Hospital white Continuous

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BUILDING LINE red Continuous Hostel white Continuous

Bunk white Continuous Hotel white Continuous
Bus Stop white Continuous Katti blue Continuous
canal white Continuous key white Continuous
canal hatch white Continuous KEY TEXT white Continuous
canal text white Continuous Lamp Pole yellow Continuous
Chamber cyan Continuous Layout of Sheet white Continuous
Church white Continuous legend white Continuous
Circle_ green Continuous lLEVELS white Continuous
CMRL Office white Continuous Madeon green Continuous
CONCRETE 250 Continuous Man Hole magenta Continuous
ROAD CENTER
Construction white Continuous Market white Continuous
Building
CONT-MJR 30 Continuous Mdical white Continuous
CONT-MJR-TEXT white Continuous minitank blue Continuous
CONT-MNR 9 HIDDEN Mosque white Continuous
CONT-MNR- white Continuous Nala-txt blue Continuous
TEXT
Control point white Continuous new - culvert 10 Continuous
Counter white Continuous new - Lamp Pole yellow Continuous
COURT white Continuous new- Circle_txt green Continuous
CULVERT magenta Continuous new- Lamp Pole yellow Continuous
Cutting 8 Continuous new- Nala-txt blue Continuous
CUTTING white Continuous new newCodes yellow Continuous
SYMBLE
Cwall blue Continuous new- RCC Edge 177 Continuous
Defpoints white Continuous new- Road-S 30 Continuous
Destination white Continuous Office white Continuous
DIMENSION white Continuous OPEN yellow Continuous
DRAIN HATCH white Continuous PALM TREE green Continuous
Drain Width white Continuous Park and Garden white Continuous
Drain_txt white Continuous Parking Area white Continuous
EL_PO yellow Continuous PIPE green Continuous
Electrical white Continuous PLATFARM green Continuous
ESCALATOR magenta Continuous Police Station white Continuous

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Fence yellow Continuous Power Box white Continuous

flow white Continuous Property-Bry 210 Continuous
flyover red Continuous Pylon yellow Continuous
Railway Line blue Continuous RAILWAY white Continuous
CENTER
Railway Station white Continuous STEPS green Continuous
RCC Edge 177 Continuous SUBWAY green Continuous
RCC-Drain 249 Continuous Telephone Box white Continuous
Retained Wall 8 Continuous Temple red Continuous
River white Continuous Text white Continuous
road red Continuous TITLE white Continuous
road centre white Continuous Toilet red Continuous
Road Hatch white Continuous TRANSFORMER yellow Continuous
Road Name white Continuous TREE green Continuous
Road-S 30 Continuous trench white Continuous
Shed red DASHED water edge cyan Continuous
Shelter white Continuous Water Tank blue Continuous
Shop white Continuous Well blue Continuous
Slab white Continuous Width in Meter white Continuous
Stadium white Continuous Work Area white Continuous

Topographic Survey Drawing

A detailed topographic survey drawing for the project site has been included in Annexure 9.

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19.10.2. Soil Investigations and CBR

Introduction
The geotechnical investigation work for the proposed project was entrusted by Voyants Solutions
Private Limited (VSPL) to M/s Engineers Diagnostic Centre (P) Ltd, Cochin. Five numbers of boreholes
were taken for the proposed project. BH1 was taken for the proposed single storied building, BH2 and
BH3 was taken for proposed G+2 storied building, BH4 and BH5A was taken for the proposed
Treatment Plant. BH1 was taken at Truck Terminal Warehouse adjacent to entry/ exit gate, BH2 at
Water Works and MRSS adjacent to emergency exit, BH3 at R&D lab, BH4 near Sewage Pond, and
BH5A near Truck Terminal Warehouse adjacent to Chithra Puzha River. The field works for the
geotechnical investigation were carried out from 4th to 18th of May 2018 and boring was done upto
a maximum depth of 21.50m.
b. The scope of work for this investigation included performing site reconnaissance, drilling and
sampling of five boreholes, conducting geotechnical field and laboratory testing, and preparing this
report. The primary purpose of these activities was to collect subsurface information at the site for
subsequent preparation of geotechnical recommendations for the design of foundations for the
proposed project.
c. The results of various tests conducted to determine the physical and engineering properties of soil
samples collected from the bore holes are also appended in this report.

Field Exploration and Methodology

Boring was done in accordance with the provisions of IS 1892-1979, using rotary calyx rig technique
which is mechanically operated. Boreholes was penetrated through the sandy and clayey layers and
the boreholes was terminated at 13.50m, 21.50m, 8.80m, 11.30m, 12.00m in areas of BH1 to BH5A
respectively.
While drilling through the top soil layers sodium bentonite slurry was circulated in order to prevent
the sides from caving. Standard penetration tests (SPT), were taken at various depth using standard
split spoon sampler, the sets being driven by 63.5Kg hammer as per IS 2131-1981 giving a free fall of
750mm. The number of blows required to penetrate the first 15cm is for seating and is not considered
for assessing strength characteristics. The summation of the number of second and third sets of 15cm
each are termed as SPT value and designated as ‘N’. Results were recorded and graphically
represented in the log of bore holes. Soil samples were collected in plastic bags for visual inspection
and classification of strata from all the layers as recorded in log sheets of bore holes.

Analysis of Various Laboratory Tests

Disturbed samples (SPT Samples) obtained from specified sampler were tested for the following index
properties as well as strength properties to classify the strata to various soil group as per unified soil
classification IS: 1498-1970 and IS: 2720.

Moisture Content {IS: 2720 (Part II) - 1973}

The natural moisture content of all the soil samples brought from the site was determined as
prescribed in IS: 2720. For many soils, the water content will be an extremely important index used
for establishing the relationship between the way a soil behaves and its properties. The consistency
of a fine-grained soil largely depends on its water content. The water content is also used in expressing
the phase relationships of air, water, and solids in a given volume of soil.

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Grain Size Distribution {IS: 2720 (Part IV) - 1985}

Both sieve analysis and Hydrometer analysis were conducted on different samples and the findings
are tabulated. Since particle diameters typically span many orders of magnitude for natural sediments,
in order to conveniently describe wide ranging data sets, the base to logarithmic (phi) scale was used
to represent grain size information for sediment distribution. A tabular classification of grain sizes in
terms of units and other commonly used measurement scales is included for purposes of comparison.

Specific Gravity {IS: 2720 (Part III)- 1980}

The specific gravity of soil particles was determined by using pycnometer or density bottle. Specific
gravity is the ratio of the mass of unit volume of soil at a stated temperature to the mass of the same
volume of gas-free distilled water at the same stated temperature. The specific gravity of a soil is used
in the phase relationship of air, water, and solids in a given volume of the soil.

Findings
Field Observations
 BOREHOLE NO: 1 (13.50m) (X=653039.8350, Y=1104094.3524) (RL:28.97m)

In BH-1, the top 3.70m comprise of dense to very dense silty clayey sand with lateritic gravel (reddish
brown) having S.P.T value of 47 to 56. Below this medium dense clayey sand with lateritic gravel
(yellowish and reddish) having S.P.T value of 18 was noted extending up to a depth of 5.00m. This was
followed by very stiff sandy silty clay with gravel (reddish and yellow) having S.P.T value of 21
extending up to a depth of 6.60m. From 6.60m to 9.40m medium dense to dense clayey silty sand
(yellowish brown) having S.P.T value of 23 to 36 was noted. At 9.40m SPT rebound was noted. Below
this soft weathered rock was noted extending up to a depth of 10.50m. This was followed by jointed
hard rock (white) extending up to a depth of 12.00m. From 12.00m to 13.50m jointed granitic hard
rock (white) was noted and the borehole BH1 was terminated at 13.50m. In the 1st lift of rock cutting
a core recovery of 29% and RQD of 15% was noted from 10.50m to 12.00m in the jointed hard rock
strata. In the 2nd lift of rock cutting a core recovery of 54% and RQD of 30% was noted from 12.00m
to 13.50m in the jointed hard granitic rock strata. Water table was noted at a depth of 4.00m from
ground level in the borehole during the time of investigation.

 BOREHOLE NO: 2 (21.50m) (X=652039.3274, Y=1105121.6943) (RL:34.552m)

In BH-2, the top 3.70m comprise of gravel (reddish brown) and white gypsum having S.P.T value of
greater than 100. Below this clayey gypsum (white) having S.P.T value of 88 was noted extending up
to a depth of 5.00m. This was followed by very stiff sandy silty clay (yellowish) with white gypsum
having S.P.T value of 20 to 30 extending up to a depth of 11.00m. From 11.00m to 12.60m hard sandy
silty clay (yellowish) having S.P.T value of 34 was noted. Below this hard sandy clay (yellowish) having
S.P.T value of 34 to 51 was noted extending up to a depth of 15.70m. This was followed by very dense
silty sand (yellowish) having S.P.T value of greater than 100 extending up to a depth of 17.00m. From
17.00m to 18.60m very stiff clayey sandy silt (yellowish) having S.P.T value of 28 was noted. Below
this hard clayey sandy silt (yellowish) having S.P.T value of 33 was noted extending up to a depth of
20.50m. At 20.50m SPT rebound was noted. This was followed by hard granitic rock (greyish)
extending up to depth of termination of borehole BH2 at 21.50m. In the 1st lift of rock cutting a core
recovery of 83% and RQD of 83% was noted from 20.50m to 21.50m in the granitic jointed rock strata.

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Water table was noted at a depth of 4.00m from ground level in the borehole during the time of
investigation.

 BOREHOLE NO: 3 (8.80m) (X=651831.8123, Y=1104863.1139) (RL:24.534m)

In BH-3, the top 2.00m comprise of very dense silty clayey sand with lateritic gravel (reddish brown)
having S.P.T value of greater than 100. Below this hard sandy silty clay with lateritic gravel and white
gypsum (reddish brown) having S.P.T value of 33 was noted extending up to a depth of 3.60m. This
was followed by very stiff sandy silty clay with lateritic gravel and white gypsum (reddish brown)
having S.P.T value of 22 extending up to a depth of 5.00m. From 5.00m to 6.80m very stiff sandy clayey
silt with white gypsum (reddish brown) having S.P.T value of 29 was noted. At 6.80m SPT rebound was
noted. Below this weathered soft rock was noted extending up to a depth of 7.80m. This was followed
by hard granitic rock (light greyish) extending up to depth of termination of borehole BH3 at 8.80m.
In the 1st lift of rock cutting a core recovery of 61% and RQD of 34% was noted from 7.80m to 8.80m
in the granitic jointed rock strata. Water table was noted at a depth of 6.00m from ground level in the
borehole during the time of investigation.
 BOREHOLE NO: 4 (11.30m) (X=651309.19, Y=1105192.35) (RL:5.148m)

In BH-4, the top 2.00m comprise of very dense clayey silty sand with lateritic gravel and white gypsum
(reddish brown) having S.P.T value of 53. Below this hard-sandy silty clay with lateritic gravel and
gypsum (reddish brown) having S.P.T value of 60 was noted extending up to a depth of 3.60m. This
was followed by stiff sandy silty clay with lateritic gravel and gypsum (reddish brown) having S.P.T
value of 12 extending up to a depth of 5.00m. From 5.00m to 6.60m stiff sandy silty clay with gravel
(yellowish brown) having S.P.T value of 13 was noted. Below this medium dense silty clayey sand with
gravel and gypsum (reddish brown) having S.P.T value of 11 was noted extending up to a depth of
8.00m. This was followed by medium dense silty clayey sand with weathered rock and gypsum
(reddish brown) having S.P.T value of 10 extending up to a depth of 9.00m. From 9.00m to 10.30m
weathered rock (greyish brown) was noted. Below this granitic jointed hard rock (light grey) was noted
extending up to a depth of termination of borehole BH4 at 11.30m. In the 1st lift of rock cutting a core
recovery of 92% and RQD of 66% was noted from 10.30m to 11.30m in the granitic jointed hard rock
strata. Water table was noted at a depth of 7.50m from ground level in the borehole during the time
of investigation.
 BOREHOLE NO: 5A (12.00m) (X=649145.07, Y=1103570.74) (RL:2.582m)

In BH-5A, the top 3.70m comprise of soft sandy silty clay with white gypsum (greyish) having S.P.T
value of 2 to 3. Below this medium stiff silty clay with organic matter (dark grey) having S.P.T value of
5 was noted extending up to a depth of 6.70m. This was followed by very loose to lose silty clayey
sand (light grey and brown) having S.P.T value of 3 to 6 extending up to a depth of 9.80m. At 9.80m
SPT rebound was noted. From 9.80m to 10.50m soft weathered rock (greyish brown) was noted.
Below this jointed granitic rock (light grey and white) was noted extending up to a depth of
termination of borehole BH 5A at 12.00m. In the 1st lift of rock cutting a core recovery of 35% and
RQD of 35% was noted from 10.50m to 12.00m in the granitic jointed rock strata. Water table was
noted at a depth of 4.00m from ground level in the borehole during the time of investigation.

Design Consideration for Foundation System

From the study of the boreholes, it was noted that, in areas of BH2, BH3 & BH4 the top 2.00m and
3.70m comprise of very dense sand and gravel & gypsum. Below this hard clay and clayey gypsum was
noted extending up to a depth of 3.60m and 5.00m. In area of BH1 the top 3.70m comprise of dense
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to very dense sand. This was followed by medium dense sand extending up to a depth of 5.00m. In
area of BH5A the top 3.70m comprise of soft clay. Below this medium stiff clay was noted extending
up to a depth of 6.70m. Since the top strata comprise of soil mixed with gypsum, shallow foundation
if adopted as such in this stratum will undergo differential settlements.
 BOREHOLE 1:

For light structures, shallow foundation may be provided in the dense to very dense sand strata at a
depth of about 1.00m from the ground level. The bearing capacity of the strata will be controlled by
the settlement characteristics of medium dense sand layer beneath. Depending upon the intensity of
loading either wall footing, Isolated foundation, strip footing or raft foundation may be adopted.
Width = 2.0 m

A typical calculation is given below for BH-1, Depth-1.00m and Width of footing-2.00m

(A) Bearing capacity from shear criteria:

Average S.P.T. value of 33 is noted in the zone of influence,

As per IS 6403-1981 clause 5.1.2 the Ultimate net Bearing Capacity in general shear failure

qu=c Ncscdcic + q (Nq – 1) sqdqiq + ½ BγNγsγdγiγ W’

Neglecting the cohesive component

q= 1.00x(1.9-0.981) =0.919 t/m3

For Ø = 34° Nq =41.06 and Nγ = 29.44, Considering 2.00m square footing and depth of foundation to
be 1.00m,

qu= q (Nq – 1) sqdqiq + ½ BγNγsγdγiγ W’

= (0.919x 40.06x1.2x1x1) + (½ x 2 x 1.9 x 29.44x 0.8 x1x1x 0.5)
= 44.18+22.37
= 66.55

qsafe = qu/4 = 66.55/4

= 16.64 = 16 Tonnes/m2

(B) Bearing capacity from settlement criteria:

Average S.P.T. value of 33 is noted in the zone of influence of pressure (considering a footing of width
2m), From IS-8009-1976 bearing capacity for settlement of 25mm works out to be 15 T/m2

Hence a safe bearing capacity of 15T/ m2 may be taken for a footing of width 2.00m at a depth of
1.00 m in area of BH1 from ground level.

For medium heavy to heavy structures, bored cast in situ DMC pile terminating in the hard rock strata
noted from a depth of 10.50m can be adopted. If any weathered rock is noted during the boring

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operations then the piles should fully penetrate the weathered rock and should be seated on hard
rock.

 BOREHOLE 2, 3 and 4:

In areas of BH2, BH3 and BH4, for the G+2 Storied Building/ Treatment Plant, for heavy structures,
bored cast in situ DMC pile terminating in the hard rock strata can be adopted. If any weathered rock
is noted during the boring operations then the piles should fully penetrate the weathered rock and
should be seated on hard rock.

Based on the crushing strength of the rock samples done at laboratory, the least uniaxial
compressive strength of rock samples is obtained as 4388 T/m2 at a depth of 20.50m-21.50m.

A typical calculation is given below for BH-2

I) AXIAL LOAD CAPACITY:

(a) Capacity from Rock Strength Criteria:
The Vertical capacity of pile, as per IS 14593-1998 can be taken as
Qs =qc xNjxNdx Ap + qcx xD x lsx α x β
Where,
Q = Safe load Capacity of pile in tonnes
q = Uniaxial compressive strength of rock t/m2
Nd =Depth factor = 0.8+0.2(ls/D), but limited to 2
Nj =Bearing Pressure Coefficient
Ap = Area of pile toe
D = Dia of pile
ls = Socketed length into pile
α = Rock socket side resistance reduction factor
β = Rock socket correction factor

TYPICAL CAPACITY CALCULATION FOR PILE CAPACITY – BH2

Considering 700mm dia pile socketed in to the granitic jointed rock strata by 0.5 times the dia.
Assume the Uniaixial compressive strength of rock for shaft as 400 t/m2.
qc = 400 t/m2 (Uniaxial Compressive strength of rock for shaft)
qc = 4388 t/m2 (Uniaxial Compressive strength of rock at pile tip)
D = 0.70m, ls = 0.5x0.7= 0.35m
Nd = 0.8+0.2(0.70/1.20) = 0.9

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Nj = 0.25

Ap = d2/4=  /4 x (0.7)2 = 0.384m2

α =0.01
β= 1
Qs =qc xNjxNdx Ap + qcx xD x lsx α x β

=4388 x 0.25 x 0.9 x 0.384 + 400 x  x 0.70 x 0.35 x 0.01 x 1

=379.76+3.07

=382.84 Tones, Say 380Tonnes.

As per IRC-78 2014 guide lines, practical aspects and considering, the strength of end bearing limited
to 5MPa. Hence the load of 700mm diameter pile can be assessed as 190 tonnes
(B) Capacity from Structural Strength Criteria:
1. Considering grade of Concrete to be used = M30

2. Permissible stress in direct compression = 8N/mm2

3. Considering concreting is to be done in underwater, take only 75% capacities

4. Hence permissible stress in direct compression = 6N/mm2

5. Qsafe of pile of 700mm dia from structural strength criteria

= 3.14/4 x 0.70 x 0.70 x 600 = 230.79 Tonnes, Say 230Tonnes

Hence the safe carrying capacity of the pile end bearing on the rock strata will be governed by the
rock strength criteria and the safe capacity of 700mm dia pile can be taken as 190 Tonnes.

 BOREHOLE 5:

For light structures, shallow foundations may be provided after densifying the very loose to loose
sand layer by using suitable methods of ground engineering techniques such as sand piling, dynamic
compaction, vibro flotation etc.
Sand piles of 100mm diameter may be provided at 45cm spacing using displacement method
extending up to 6m or refusal for improvement of the weak strata. The improved soil can take a safe
bearing capacity of 7t/m2 for a footing of width 1.00m commencing from the improved strata at a
depth of 1.50m from the ground level. Depending upon the intensity of loading either wall footing,
Isolated foundation, strip footing or raft foundation may be adopted.
For medium heavy structures, bored cast in situ under reamed piles may be adopted terminating in
the loose sand strata at a depth of 9.00m. Suitable precaution has to be adopted in order to prevent
the sides from caving while boring through the loose/medium dense sand layer.
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For heavy structures, bored cast in situ DMC pile terminating in the hard rock strata noted from a
depth of 10.50m can be adopted. If any weathered rock is noted during the boring operations then
the piles should fully penetrate the weathered rock and should be seated on hard rock.

Summary and Recommendations

Recommendations are based on the assumption that the soil profile found in the boreholes tested is
indicative of the entire area of the project. Any deviation in soil profile other than that observed in
the boreholes tested should immediately be referred to the consultant and proper modification
should be implemented.

Recommendations
From the study of the boreholes, it was noted that, in areas of BH2, BH3 & BH4 the top 2.00m and
3.70m comprise of very dense sand and gravel & gypsum. Below this hard clay and clayey gypsum was
noted extending up to a depth of 3.60m and 5.00m. In area of BH1 the top 3.70m comprise of dense
to very dense sand.This was followed by medium dense sand extending up to a depth of 5.00m. In
area of BH5A the top 3.70m comprise of soft clay. Below this medium stiff clay was noted extending
up to a depth of 6.70m. Since the top strata comprise of soil mixed with gypsum, shallow foundation
if adopted as such in this stratum will undergo differential settlements.

 BOREHOLE 1:

For light structures, shallow foundation may be provided in the dense to very dense sand strata at a
depth of about 1.00m from the ground level. The bearing capacity of the strata will be controlled by
the settlement characteristics of medium dense sand layer beneath. A safe bearing capacity of 15t/m2
may be adopted for a footing of 2m width commencing from the dense to very dense sand strata at a
depth of 1.00m from ground level. Depending upon the intensity of loading either wall footing,
Isolated foundation, strip footing or raft foundation may be adopted.

For medium heavy to heavy structures, bored cast in situ DMC pile terminating in the hard rock strata
noted from a depth of 10.50m can be adopted. If any weathered rock is noted during the boring
operations then the piles should fully penetrate the weathered rock and should be seated on hard
rock.

Load test are essential for accurate determination of pile capacity.

Safe vertical load carrying capacity of D.M.C. piles end bearing with adequate anchorage into hard
rock strata may roughly be assessed as

Pile Diameter Tonnage Capacity

50cm 80t

60cm 110t

70cm 150t
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 BOREHOLE 2, 3 and 4:

In areas of BH2, BH3 and BH4, for the G+2 Storied Building/ Treatment Plant, bored cast in situ DMC
pile terminating in the hard rock strata noted from a depth of 20.50m can be adopted. If any
weathered rock is noted during the boring operations then the piles should fully penetrate the
weathered rock and should be seated on hard rock.

Load test are essential for accurate determination of pile capacity.

Safe vertical load carrying capacity of D.M.C. piles end bearing with adequate anchorage into hard
rock strata may roughly be assessed as

Pile Diameter Tonnage Capacity

50cm 95t

60cm 140t

70cm 190t

 BOREHOLE 5:

For light structures, shallow foundations may be provided after densifying the very loose to loose
sand layer by using suitable methods of ground engineering techniques such as sand piling, dynamic
compaction, vibro flotation etc.
Sand piles of 100mm diameter may be provided at 45cm spacing using displacement method
extending up to 6m or refusal for improvement of the weak strata. The improved soil can take a safe
bearing capacity of 7t/m2 for a footing of width 1.00m commencing from the improved strata at a
depth of 1.50m from the ground level. Depending upon the intensity of loading either wall footing,
Isolated foundation, strip footing or raft foundation may be adopted.
For medium heavy structures, bored cast in situ under reamed piles may be adopted terminating in
the loose sand strata at a depth of 9.00m. Suitable precaution has to be adopted in order to prevent
the sides from caving while boring through the loose/medium dense sand layer.
Load test are essential for accurate determination of pile capacity.
Safe carrying capacity of under reamed piles extending up to 9.00m, terminating in the loose sand
strata and with single bulb may roughly be assessed as

Pile Diameter Tonnage Capacity

40cm 18t

50 cm 24t

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For heavy structures, bored cast in situ DMC pile terminating in the hard rock strata noted from a
depth of 10.50m can be adopted. If any weathered rock is noted during the boring operations then
the piles should fully penetrate the weathered rock and should be seated on hard rock.

Load test are essential for accurate determination of pile capacity.

Safe vertical load carrying capacity of D.M.C. piles end bearing with adequate anchorage into hard
rock strata may roughly be assessed as

Pile Diameter Tonnage Capacity

50cm 80t

60cm 110t

70cm 150t

For design consideration the horizontal load carrying capacity can be taken as 5% of the axial capacity
and the uplift capacity can be taken as 15% of the axial load capacity.

Initial Pile load tests shall be conducted to verify the pile capacities recommended.

The foundation execution is recommended under strict technical supervision.

If during piling it is observed that the soil profiles from piling operations are not consistent with the
bore logs, it may be immediately reported and designs revised if necessary. The foundation execution
is recommended under strict technical supervision.

References
 Foundation Analysis and Design, J. E. Bowels, Mcgraw Hill Publication
 Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, K.R Arora, Standard Publishers Distributors,
Fourth Edition,1997
 Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, 2nd Edition, Terzaghi K and Peck R.B, John Willey and
Sons,1967.
 IS:6403-1981, Code of Practice for Determination of Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundation.
 Foundation Manual, N.V Nayak,1996.
 Foundation Design and Construction, M.J Tomlinson, Viewpoint Publishers.
 IS12070-1987, Code of Practice for Design of Shallow Foundation on Rock.
 IS 2911 (PART1/SECTION 2)-1979, Code of Practice for Design and Construction of Pile
Foundation.
 Pile Design, Poulos & Davis.

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19.11. Annexure 9 – Cost Estimates and Bill of Quantities (BOQ’s)

A detailed cost estimates, bill of quantities and supporting documents for the following infrastructure
components has been enclosed as Annexure 9 after end of next page.
 Site Levelling & Grading Works
 Boundary Walls and Retaining Wall
 Landscaping and Design
 Architectural Building Works covering
o Administrative building (Covers an area of 9000 sq. ft including G+1)
o Canteen (Cover an area of 4133 sq. ft only Ground Floor)
o R&D Lab (Covers an area of 16033 sq. ft including G+1)
o Warehouse – 1 (covers an area of 1200 sq. m only Ground Floor)
o Warehouse – 2 (covers an area of 600 sq. m only ground floor)
 Proposed Entry / Exit Gates covering following five types
o 19m without Boom Barrier
o 20m without Boom Barrier
o 20m with Boom Barrier
o 22m with Boom Barrier
o 24m without Boom Barrier
 Road Improvement Works includes Road Works, Junctions, Traffic Signs, Marking and
Appurtenances
 Potable Water Supply System
 Stormwater Drainage System
 Recycle Water System
 Sewage Collection System & CETPs
 Contaminated stormwater system & CETPs
 Firefighting network system
 Power Supply & Distribution including
o Infrastructure Development Works for
 110/33kV Main Receiving Substation (GIS)
 33/11kV Zonal Substation (2Nos. Indoor Type)
 33kV Under Ground Network
 11kV Under Ground Network
 Street lighting
 Telecommunications/ Data Network Conduiting
o Cost for incoming power supply source
 Option-1 - 110kV underground cable tapping from 110kv fact line
 Option-2 - 110kV overhead line with 110kv underground cable tapping from
110kv fact line
 Option-3 - provision of additional 16 MVA, 110/33 kv power transformer with
33kv underground cable from Brahamapuram substation
 Option-4 - provision of additional 16 MVA, 110/33 kv power transformer with
33kv underground cable and 33kv overhead double circuit line from
brahamapuram substation.

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19.12. Annexure 10 – Detailed Drawing’s

All detailed drawings for the following components have been enclosed as a separate document as
Annexure 10.
 Master Plan, Site Grading, Landscape and Boundary Walls
 Architectural Drawings and Structural Drawings for Admin building, canteen, R&D Lab,
Warehouse-1 and Warehouse – 2
 Traffic Circulation, Road Network and Profiles
 Detailed Cross Sections of all roads
 Potable Water Supply Network
 Strom Water Supply Network
 Recycled Water Supply Network
 Sewerage Network
 Contaminated Storm Water Network
 Fire Water Network
 Electrical MV Distribution System Drawings
 External Illumination System Drawings
 Data & Telecommunication System Drawings
 Incoming Power Supply Options Sketch

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Voyants Solutions Private Limited.
Grandiose, 7th Floor, Survey No.136/2 & 4
Opp. Rolling Hills, Gachibowli, Hyderabad- 500032
Ph.no: 040 – 4110 4160, Web: www.voyants.in