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za/matric

NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12

MATHEMATICS P1

NOVEMBER 2012

MEMORANDUM

MARKS: 150

This memorandum consists of 30 pages.

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Mathematics/P1 2 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

NOTE:
• If a candidate answered a question TWICE, mark the FIRST attempt ONLY.
• If a candidate crossed out an attempt of a question and did not redo the question, mark the
crossed out question.
• Consistent accuracy applies in ALL aspects of the memorandum.

QUESTION 1

1.1.1 (2 x − 1)(x + 4) = 0
1  answer
x= or − 4  answer
2
(2)
1.1.2 3x 2 − x = 5 Note: if a candidate
2 uses incorrect  standard form
3x − x − 5 = 0
formula award max
− b ± b 2 − 4ac 1 mark
x=
2a (for standard form)
subs into correct formula
− (− 1) ± (− 1) − 4(3)(− 5)
2

= Note: if a
2(3)
candidate has
1 ± 61 not rounded
=
6 off correctly,
= 1,47 or − 1,14 penalise answer
1 mark (4)
OR

3x 2 − x = 5
1 5  division by 3
x2 − x =
3 3
2
 1 5 1
x−  = +
 6 3 36
 1 61
 1 61 x −  = ±
x−  = ±  6 36
 6 36
1 61
x= ±
6 36
= 1,47 or − 1,14 answer
(4)
OR

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Mathematics/P1 3 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

3x 2 − x = 5
3x 2 − x − 5 = 0  standard form
x 5
x2 − − = 0
3 3
− b ± b 2 − 4ac
x=
2a
− (− 13 ) ± (− 13 )2 − 4(1)(− 53 ) subs into correct formula
=
2(1)
1
3 ± 61
9
=
2
answer
= 1,47 or − 1,14 (4)

1.1.3 x2 + 7x − 8 < 0
(x + 8)(x − 1) < 0  factors

+ 0 − 0 +
OR
–8 1 –8 1  – 8, 1

OR

x –8 1
x+8 – 0 + + +
x–1 – – – 0 +
(x + 8)( x – 1) + 0 – 0 +

 answer
Therefore the solution is: (4)
− 8 < x < 1 OR x ∈ (−8 ; 1) OR x
-8 1

OR

x2 + 7x − 8 < 0  factors
(x + 8)(x − 1) < 0
 – 8, 1
∴ x + 8 < 0 and x − 1 > 0 or x + 8 > 0 and x − 1 < 0
x < −8 and x > 1 x > −8 and x < 1
No solution
 answer
Therefore the solution is:
(4)
− 8 < x < 1 OR x ∈ (−8 ; 1) OR x
-8 1

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Mathematics/P1 4 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

NOTE:
In this alternative, award max 3/4 marks since there is no
conclusion
 factors
2
x + 7x − 8 < 0
(x + 8)(x − 1) < 0  – 8, 1

 graph with bolded line

–8 1

1.2.1 4 y − x = 4 and xy = 8
x = 4y − 4  x = 4y − 4
Note: If candidate makes
( 4 y − 4) y = 8 a mistake which leads to  substitution
( y − 1) y = 2 both equations being
y2 − y − 2 = 0 LINEAR award maximum
2/6 marks  factors
( y + 1)( y − 2) = 0
y = −1 or y = 2  y-values
x = −8 or x = 4  x-values
(x ; y) = (– 8 ; – 1) or (4 ; 2) (6)

OR
4 y − x = 4 and xy = 8  x = 4y − 4
x = 4y − 4
(4 y − 4) y = 8  substitution
( y − 1) y = 2
By inspection y = −1 or y = 2  y-values
x = −8 or x = 4
(x ; y) = (– 8 ; – 1) or (4 ; 2)  x-values
(6)
OR

4 y − x = 4 and xy = 8
x = 4y − 4  x = 4y − 4
 substitution
(4 y − 4) y = 8
( y − 1) y = 2
y2 − y − 2 = 0
− (− 1) ± (− 1)2 − 4(1)(− 2)  subs into correct formula
y=
2(1)
y = −1 or y = 2  y-values
x = −8 or x = 4
(x ; y) = (– 8 ; – 1) or (4 ; 2)  x-values
(6)
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Mathematics/P1 5 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR
4 y − x = 4 and xy = 8
x
y=
x
+1  y= +1
4 4
x   substitution
x  + 1 = 8
4 
x2
+ x −8 = 0
4
x 2 + 4 x − 32 = 0  factors
( x + 8)( x − 4) = 0
x = −8 or x = 4  x-values
 y-values
y = −1 or y = 2
(6)
(x ; y) = (– 8 ; – 1) or (4 ; 2)

OR
4 y − x = 4 and xy = 8
x
y= +1
4  y=
x
+1
x  4
x + 1 = 8
4   substitution
2
x
+ x −8 = 0
4
x 2 + 4 x − 32 = 0
− 4 ± 42 − 4(1)(− 32)
x=
2(1)  subs into correct formula
x = −8 or x = 4
 x-values
y = −1 or y = 2
(x ; y) = (– 8 ; – 1) or (4 ; 2)  y-values
(6)
OR
xy = 8 and 4 y − x = 4
8
x= 8
y  x=
y
8
4y − = 4
y  substitution
4y2 − 4y − 8 = 0
y2 − y − 2 = 0
 factors
( y − 2)( y + 1) = 0
y = −1 or y = 2  y-values
x = −8 or x = 4
 x-values
(x ; y) = (– 8 ; – 1) or (4 ; 2)
(6)

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Mathematics/P1 6 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR
xy = 8 and 4 y − x = 4
8 8
x=  x=
y y
8
4y − = 4  substitution
y
4 y2 − 4 y − 8 = 0
y2 − y − 2 = 0
− (− 1) ± (− 1)2 − 4(1)(− 2)  subs into correct formula
y=
2(1)
y = −1 or y = 2  y-values
x = −8 or x = 4
(x ; y) = (– 8 ; – 1) or (4 ; 2)  x-values
(6)
OR
xy = 8 and 4 y − x = 4
8
y= 8
x  y=
x
8
4  − x = 4
x  substitution
0 = x 2 + 4 x − 32
0 = (x + 8)(x − 4)  factors
x = −8 or x = 4
y = −1 or y = 2  x-values
(x ; y) = (– 8 ; – 1) or (4 ; 2)
 y-values
OR (6)
xy = 8 and 4 y − x = 4
8 8
y=  y=
x x
8
4  − x = 4
 x  substitution
0 = x 2 + 4 x − 32
− 4 ± 42 − 4(1)(− 32 )
x=  subs into correct formula
2(1)
x = −8 or x = 4
y = −1 or y = 2  x-values
(x ; y) = (– 8 ; – 1) or (4 ; 2)
 y-values
(6)

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Mathematics/P1 7 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

1.2.2 4x − y = 4  interchanges x and y

(2)
OR

y = 4x − 4

OR

y+4
x=
4

OR

4x − y − 4 = 0

OR

1
x= y +1
4
1.3.1 2p +5 = 0
2p +5 = 0 or
2p +5 = 0
−2± 0
2 p = −5 2 p + 5 = 0 or
7
5  answer
p=−
2 (2)
1.3.2 2p +5 < 0
5  answer
p<− (1)
2
[21]

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Mathematics/P1 8 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 2

2.1 T2 − T1 = T3 − T2  T2 − T1 = T3 − T2
2 x − (3 x + 1) = (3 x − 7 ) − 2 x or
2 x − 3x − 1 = 3x − 7 − 2 x 2 x − (3x + 1) = (3x − 7 ) − 2 x
− x −1 = x − 7
− 2 x = −6  answer
x=3 (2)
OR
T1 + T3 T1 + T3
T2 =  T2 =
2 2
(3x + 1) + (3x − 7 ) or 2 x =
(3x + 1) + (3x − 7 )
2x =
2 2
4x = 6x − 6
6 = 2x
 answer
x=3 (2)

OR  T3 − T1 = 2(T2 − T1 ) or
(3x − 7 ) − (3x + 1) = 2(2 x − (3x + 1))
T3 − T1 = 2(T2 − T1 )
(3x − 7 ) − (3x + 1) = 2(2 x − (3x + 1))
− 8 = −2 x − 2
2x = 6
x=3  answer
(2)
2.2.1 Tn = a + (n − 1) d
T11 = 10 + (11 − 1)(− 4 ) d = –4
answer
= −30 (2)
OR

10; 6; 2; –2; –6; –10; –14; –18; –22; –26; –30 … expands sequence
∴ T11 = −30 answer
(2)

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Mathematics/P1 9 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

2.2.2 correct formula

Sn =
n
[2a + (n − 1)d ] substitution of a and d
2
− 560 = [2(10 ) + (n − 1)(− 4 )]
n
subs S n = −560
2
− 1120 = −4n 2 + 24n
2
 − 4n 2 + 24n + 1120 = 0 or
4n − 24n − 1120 = 0 4n 2 − 24n − 1120 = 0 or
n 2 − 6n − 280 = 0 n 2 − 6n − 280 = 0
(n − 20)(n + 14) = 0
factors
n = 20 or − 14
∴ n = 20 only  selects n = 20 only
Note: if candidate substitutes into (6)
incorrect formula, award 0/6

OR

Sn =
n
[2a + (n − 1)d ] Note: if  correct formula
2 candidate writes
substitution of a and d
− 560 = [2(10) + (n − 1)(− 4 )]
n answer only,
2 award 1/6 marks subs S n = −560
− 1120 = −4n 2 + 24n
4n 2 − 24n − 1120 = 0  4n 2 − 24n − 1120 = 0 or
n 2 − 6n − 280 = 0 − 4n 2 + 24n + 1120 = 0 or
n 2 − 6n − 280 = 0
− (− 6 ) ± (− 6)2 − 4(1)(− 280) subs into correct formula
n=
2(1)
n = 20 or − 14
∴ n = 20 only  selects n = 20 only
(6)
OR
n
[2a + (n − 1)d ]
Sn =  correct formula
2
substitution of a and d
− 560 = [2(10 ) + (n − 1)(− 4 )]
n
2 subs S n = −560
20n 4n 2 4n
− 560 = − +
2 2 2
2
2n − 12n − 560 = 0  2n 2 − 12n − 560 = 0 or
− 2n 2 + 12n + 560 = 0 or
n 2 − 6n − 280 = 0
n 2 − 6n − 280 = 0

(n − 20)(n + 14) = 0 factors

n = 20 or − 14
 selects n = 20 only
∴ n = 20 only
(6)
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Mathematics/P1 10 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR

S11 = −110  S11 = −110

n 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
T n –34 –38 –42 –46 –50 –54 –58 –62 –66  sequence expanded
Sn –144 –182 –224 –270 –320 –374 –432 –494 –560  series calculated

∴n = 20  answer
(6)
[10]

QUESTION 3

3.1.1 Tn = ar n −1 1
Note: The final answer can also be  a = 27 and r =
n −1 3
1 1
n−4
= 27  written as 34 − n or    substitute into
 3 3 correct formula
(2)
3.1.2 − 1 < r < 1 or r < 1  answer
Note: If candidate concludes (1)
series is not convergent,
OR award 0 marks.  answer
1
The common ratio (r) is which is between –1 and 1. (1)
3
OR  answer
1 (1)
−1 < < 1
3
3.1.3 a
S∞ = Note: If r >1 or r < – 1
1− r is substituted then 0/2 marks.
27
=  substitution
1
1−
3  answer
81 (2)
= or 40,5 or 41
2

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Mathematics/P1 11 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

3.2 Let V be the volume of the first tank. V


V V V
; ; ....... 2
2 4 8 Note: If candidate lets the volume of
the first tank be a specific value
(instead of a variable) and his/her
V  1 
19

1 −    argument follows correctly, award

2   2   4/4 marks
S19 =  substitute into
1 correct formula
1− Note: If candidate answers ‘Yes’
2
524287 only with no justification: 1/4 marks
= V
524288
= 0,9999980927 V
 answer
<V
Yes, the water will fill the first tank without spilling over.  conclusion
(4)
OR
Let V be the volume of the first tank.
V
V V V
; ; ....... 
2 4 8 2

V  1 
19

1 −     substitute into
2   2   correct formula
S19 =
1
1−
2
  1 19   observes that
= V 1 −   
  2     1 19 
1 −    < 1
< V ⋅1   2  
=V
Yes, the water will fill the first tank without spilling over.  conclusion
(4)
OR

Let V be the volume of the first tank.

V
V V V 
; ; ....... 2
2 4 8
V  substitute into
S∞ = 2 correct formula
1
1−
2
=V
Since the first tank will hold the water from infinitely many tanks
without spilling over, certainly:  correct
argument
Yes, the first tank will hold the water from the other 19 tanks without
spilling over. (4)

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Mathematics/P1 12 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR

If the tanks are emptied one by one, starting from the second, each  Yes (explicit or
tank will fill only half the remaining space, so the first tank can understood from the
hold all the water from the other 19 tanks. argument.)
 argument
(4)
3.3.1 Tn = −2(n − 5) 2 + 18
Term 1 = – 14  – 14
Term 2 = 0 0
Term 3 = 10  10
(3)

3.3.2 Term 5 OR n = 5 OR T5  answer

(1)

3.3.3 Second difference = 2a  subs – 2 into 2a

Second difference = 2(– 2)  answer
Second difference = – 4 (2)

OR
-14 0 10

14 10  first differences

–4 second difference

Second difference = – 4 (2)

3.3.4 − 2(n − 5) 2 + 18 < −110  Tn < −110

Note: Answer only award
− 2(n − 5) 2 + 128 < 0 2/6 marks
− 2n 2 + 20n − 50 + 128 < 0 standard form
2
− 2n + 20n + 78 < 0 factors
n 2 − 10n − 39 > 0
(n − 13)(n + 3) > 0
 critical values
+ 0 − 0 +
-3 13 –3 13
n<–3 or n > 13  inequalities
 n > 13
n ≥ 14 ; n ∈ Ν OR n > 13 ; n ∈ Ν (accept: n ≥ 14 )
(6)
OR

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Mathematics/P1 13 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

− 2(n − 5) 2 + 18 < −110  Tn < −110

− 2(n − 5) 2 + 128 < 0
 (n − 5) 2 − 64 > 0
(n − 5) 2 − 64 > 0
[(n − 5) − 8][(n − 5) + 8] > 0 factors
(n − 13)(n + 3) > 0
 critical values

+ 0 − 0 +  inequalities
-3 13 –3 13  n > 13
(accept: n ≥ 14 )
n < –3 or n > 13 (6)
n ≥ 14 ; n ∈ Ν OR n > 13 ; n ∈ Ν

OR
− 2(n − 5) 2 + 18 < −110  Tn < −110

− 2(n − 5) 2 < −128  2(n − 5) 2 > 128

 8 and – 8
(n − 5)2 > 64 n−5 >8
n − 5 < −8 or n − 5 > 8  n − 5 < −8
n < −3 or n > 13  n > 13
(accept: n ≥ 14 )
(6)
n ≥ 14 ; n ∈ Ν OR n > 13 ; n ∈ Ν

OR
Tn = −2(n − 5) + 18
2
 Tn < −110
2
Tn = −2n + 20n − 32
− 2n 2 + 20n − 32 < −110
− 2n 2 + 20n − 78 < 0 standard form
n 2 − 10n − 39 > 0
factors
(n − 13)(n + 3) > 0  critical values

+ 0 − 0 +
-3 13 –3 13
n<–3 or n > 13  inequalities
 n > 13
n ≥ 14 ; n ∈ Ν OR n > 13 ; n ∈ Ν (accept: n ≥ 14 )
(6)
OR

–14 ; 0 ; 10 ; 16 ; 18 ; 16 ; 10 ; 0 ; –14 ; –32 ; –54 ; –80 ; –110  expansion

n ≥ 14 ; n ∈ Ν  conclusion of
n ≥ 14
(accept n > 13 )
(6)
[21]
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Mathematics/P1 14 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 4

4.1.1 y = 3.20 − 6
y = 3−6
 answer
y = −3 (0 ; − 3) (1)

4.1.2 0 = 3.2 x − 6
Note: If a candidate interchanges y=0
3.2 x = 6 question 4.1.1 and 4.1.2: 0/3 marks
2 x = 21  x-value
x =1 (1 ; 0) (2)
Note: If a candidate says that 3.2 = 6 x x

(i.e. wrong mathematics ) s/he will arrive

at correct answer BUT award max 1/2

4.1.3
y

(1 ; 0) x
-2 -1 0 1 2 intercepts
-1

-2 f
 asymptote
 shape
-3
(0 ; -3)

-4 (3)
-5

y = -6
-6

-7

4.1.4 y > −6 OR (−6 ; ∞)  answer

(1)

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Mathematics/P1 15 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

4.2 y

R f

S(−2 ; 0) T(6 ; 0) x
0

4.2.1 y = −2 x + d
0 = (−2)(6) + d substitution
 answer
d = 12 (2)
OR
y − y1 = m(x − x1 )
y − 0 = −2(x − 6 ) substitution
y = −2 x + 12  answer
(2)
∴d = 12

OR
−d
Since m = −2 and m =
6
−d
−2=
6
d = 12 substitution
 answer
(2)
4.2.2 y = a ( x − 6)( x + 2)  y = a ( x − 6)( x + 2)
12 = a (0 − 6)(0 + 2)  subs R(0 ; 12)
Note: No marks for  a-value
a = −1 answer only.
y = −( x 2 − 4 x − 12)  y = − x 2 + 4 x + 12
= − x 2 + 4 x + 12 (4)

OR
y = ax 2 + bx + 12  y = ax 2 + bx + 12
0 = a(− 2 ) + b(− 2 ) + 12
2
i.e. 0 = 4a − 2b + 12 subs S(− 2; 0 ) and
0 = a(6 ) + b(6 ) + 12
2
i.e. 0 = 36a + 6b + 12 T(6; 0 )
0 = 24b − 96
 b-value
b=4
0 = 4a − 2(4 ) + 12
a = −1
y = − x 2 + 4 x + 12
 y = − x 2 + 4 x + 12
(4)

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Mathematics/P1 16 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR
y = a(x − 2) + q  y = a(x − 2) + q
2 2

0 = a(− 2 − 2) + q or 0 = a(6 − 2 ) + q  subs R(0 ; 12)

2 2
i.e. 0 = 16a + q
and S(– 2 ; 0)
12 = a(0 − 2 ) + q
2
i.e. 12 = 4a + q (or T(6 ; 0) )
12 = −12a
a = −1  a-value
q = 16
y = −(x − 2 ) + 16
2

(
= − x 2 − 4 x + 4 + 16 )  y = − x 2 + 4 x + 12
(4)
= − x 2 + 4 x + 12

OR
 y = a ( x − 6)( x + 2)
y = a(x − 6 )(x + 2 )  expand
 a-value
(
= a x 2 − 4 x − 12 )
= −(x 2
− 4 x − 12 )  y = − x 2 + 4 x + 12
= − x 2 + 4 x + 12 (4)
4.2.3 dy
=0
dx
− 2x + 4 = 0
x-value
x=2
y = −(2) 2 + 4(2) + 12
 y-value
= 16
TP of f is (2 ; 16) (2)
OR
b
x=−
2a  x-value
4
=−
2(− 1)  y-value
=2
(2)
y = −(2) 2 + 4(2) + 12
= 16
TP of f is (2 ; 16)

OR

f ( x) = −( x − 2) 2 + 16  x-value
TP of f is (2 ; 16)  y-value

(2)

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Mathematics/P1 17 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR
 x-value
−2+6
x=  y-value
2
=2 (2)

y = −(2) 2 + 4(2) + 12
= 16

TP of f is (2 ; 16)
4.2.4 k < 16 OR (− ∞;16 )  answer
(2)

4.2.5 Maximum value of h( x) = 3 f ( x ) −12 occurs at max value of f(x)

 subs 16 for f(x)
Maximum value = 316−12
= 81  34 or 81
(3)
OR
Maximum value of h( x) = 3 f ( x ) −12 occurs at max value of f(x)
h(2) = 3 f ( 2 ) −12  subs 16 for f(x)
=3 16 −12
 34 or 81
(3)
= 34 or 81
OR

f ( x ) − 12 = − x 2 + 4 x
= x(4 − x )  subs f(2) = 4
which has a maximum value of f (2 ) = 4  34 or 81
(3)
∴ Maximum value of h( x ) is 34 or 81
[20]

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Mathematics/P1 18 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 5

5.1 0 ≤ x ≤ 3 OR [0; 3] Note: if the candidate gives 0 ≤ x

x≤3
0 < x < 3 , award 1/2 marks
(2)
5.2 f -1
: x = − 27 y  interchange
x- and y- values
x 2 = 27 y
x2
x2  y=
y= x ≤ 0 OR (−∞;0] 27
27  x ≤ 0 or
(− ∞; 0)
(3)
5.3 y

f −1

P(−9 ; 3)
 shape
0 x
 end at origin
 any other
point on the graph
(3)
5.4 Reflection about the x-axis  answer
(1)
OR
 answer
( x ; y) → ( x ; − y) ; x ≥ 0 (1)
[9]

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Mathematics/P1 19 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 6

a
f ( x) = +1 x–5
x−5
a +1
0= +1  substitution of
(2) − 5 (2 ; 0)
a
−1 =
−3 a=3
a=3
(4)
3
f ( x) = +1
x−5

OR
NOTE:  ( x − 5)
(x − 5)( y − 1) = k x−2  ( y − 1)
f (x ) = as an alternative
(2 − 5)(0 − 1) = k x−5
 substitution of
k =3 simplified form. (2 ; 0)
(x − 5)( y − 1) = 3
 k =3
3
y= +1 (4)
x−5
[4]

QUESTION 7

7.1.1 A = P(1 − i) n  i, n and P

identified
= 120 000(1 − 0,09) 5 subs into
= R 74 883,86 correct formula
NOTE:
Incorrect formula  answer
(in 7.1.1 or 7.1.2) (3)
7.1.2 A = P(1 + i) n
award max 1/3  i, n and P
marks identified
= 120 000(1 + 0,07) 5 subs into
= R168 306,21 correct formula
 answer
(3)
7.1.3 Sinking fund needed: Fv = R 90 000
 Fv = R 90 000
x[(1 + i ) − 1]
n
0,085 17
Fv = i= =
i 12 2400
 0,085 61  in annuity formula
x 1 +  − 1  n = 61

 12  
90 000 =
0,085  subs into
12 correct
formula
x = R 1 184,68 NOTE: Incorrect formula award max 2/5 marks
 answer
(5)
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Mathematics/P1 20 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR
Consider the scenario as money deposited at the beginning of every month,
but in the last month an additional payment was made at the end of the
month:

Fv =
[
x(1 + i )(1 + i ) − 1
n
] + x 0,085 17
i i= =
= x 
[ ]
 (1 + i )(1 + i )n − 1
+ 1
 12 2400
in annuity formula
 i 
  0,085   0,085 60    n = 60 in annuity
 1 +  1 +  − 1  formula
90 000 = x 
 12   12   + 1
 0,085   Fv = R 90 000
 12 
   subs into
 0,085  correct
90 000 
 12  formula
x =
 0,085   0,085    0,085 
60

1 +  1 +  − 1 +  
 12   12    12 
= R1184, 68  answer
(5)
OR
Present value of sinking fund needed:
61
 0,085  0,085 17
90 000 = Pv 1 +  i= =
 12  12 2400
Pv = R 58 513,03 in annuity formula
 n = 61
Using the present value formula:
x[1 − (1 + i ) − n ]  Pv = R 58 513,03
Pv =
i
  0,085  − 61 
x 1 − 1 +  
 
 12    subs into
58 513,03 =
0,085 correct formula
12
x = R 1 184,68
 answer
(5)

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Mathematics/P1 21 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

7.2 x[1 − (1 + i ) − n ]
Pv = Note: If Fv formula  x = 18 000
i
used, possibly award 0,105
  0,105  −n  i= in
18 000 1 − 1 +   one each for x, i, use of 12
  12   logs: max 3/6 marks annuity formula
900 000 =
0,105
12 If any other incorrect  subs into
formula is used, award correct formula
 0,105  0/6 marks
900 000  −n
 12   0,105 
1− = 1 + 
18 000  12   simplification
9
− n = log  0,105   use of logs
 1+  16
 12 

n = 66,04 months  answer in months

She will be able to maintain her current lifestyle for a little more than (6)
66 months using her pension money.
Note: If candidate
OR rounds off early in
Question 7.2 (and  x = 18 000
x[1 − (1 + i ) ]
−n
obtain 58 months), 0,105
Pv = i= in
i penalise 1 mark 12
  0,105  −n  annuity formula
18 000 1 − 1 +  
  12    subs into
900 000 =
0,105 correct
12 formula
 0,105 
900 000  −n  simplification
 12   0,105 
1− = 1 + 
18 000  12 

 use of logs
 0,105  9
− n log1 +  = log
 12  16  answer in months
n = 66,04 months (6)
She will be able to maintain her current lifestyle for a little more than
66 months using her pension money.

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Mathematics/P1 22 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR
A = Fv
[
x (1 + i ) − 1
P(1 + i ) =
n
n
]  x = 18 000
0,105
i i= in
 0,105  n  12
18 000 1 +  − 1 annuity formula
 0,105 
n

 12  
900 0001 +  =  subs into
 12  0 ,105 correct formula
12
0,105  0,105   0,105 
n n

× 900 0001 +  = 18 0001 +  − 18000

12  12   12 
 0,105  0,105  0,105 
n n

18 000 = 18 0001 +  − × 900 0001 + 

 12  12  12 
 0,105   0,105
n

18 000 = 1 +  18 000 − × 900 000 
 12   12 
0,105   0,105 
n

18 000 ÷ 18 000 − × 900 000  = 1 + 
 12   12 
 simplification
16  0,105 
n

= 1 + 
9  12 

− n = log 
9  use of logs
0 ,105 
 1+
 12 
 16
n = 66,04 months  answer in months
(6)
[17]
She will be able to maintain her current lifestyle for a little more than
66 months using her pension money.

QUESTION 8

8.1 f ( x) = 2 x 2 − 5
f ( x + h) = 2( x + h) 2 − 5 Note: If candidate  substitution of
= 2 x 2 + 4 xh + 2h 2 − 5 makes a notation of x + h
error
f ( x + h) − f ( x) = 4 xh + 2h 2
Penalise 1 mark  simplification
4 xh + 2h 2 to 4 xh + 2h 2
f ′( x) = lim
h →0 h
h( 4 x + 2h) Note: If candidate
= lim
h →0 h uses differentiation  formula
= lim(4 x + 2h) rules
h →0
Award 0/5 marks
= 4x  lim(4 x + 2h)
h →0
OR
 answer
(5)

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Mathematics/P1 23 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

f (x + h ) − f (x )
f ′(x ) = lim
h →0 h

= lim
[ ] (
2(x + h ) − 5 − 2 x 2 − 5
2
)  formula
h →0 h  substitution of
= lim
[( ) ]
2 x + 2 xh + h 2 − 5 − 2 x 2 + 5
2
x+h
h →0 h
 simplification
[2 x + 4 xh + 2h 2 − 5] − 2 x 2 + 5
2
= lim 4 xh + 2h 2
h →0 h to
2 h
4 xh + 2h
= lim
h →0 h
h(4 x + 2h )
= lim
h →0 h
= lim(4 x + 2h )
h →0
 lim(4 x + 2h)
= 4x h →0
 answer
(5)
8.2 dy 1  − 4x −5
= − 4 x −5 + 6 x 2 − Note: notation Note: candidates do
dx 5  6x 2
error penalise NOT need to give
−4 1 their answer with 1
= 5 + 6x2 − 1 mark  −
x 5 positive exponents 5
(3)
8.3.1 2
x + x−2
g ( x) =
x −1
( x + 2)( x − 1)
=
x −1  simplification
= x + 2 ( x ≠ 1)
g ′( x) = 1 (x ≠ 1)  answer
(2)
8.3.2 The function is undefined at x = 1.
OR  answer
Division by zero is undefined. (1)
OR
The denominator cannot be zero.
OR
g (1 + h ) − g (1)
In the definition of the derivative , g ′(1) = lim , but g (1)
h→0 h
does not exist. [11]

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Mathematics/P1 24 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 9

9.1.1 f ( x) = − x 3 − x 2 + 16 x + 16
Note: if neither  f ′( x) = −3x 2 − 2 x + 16
f ′( x) = −3 x 2 − 2 x + 16
f ′( x ) = 0 nor  f ′(x ) = 0 or
0 = −3 x 2 − 2 x + 16
2
0 = −3 x 2 − 2 x + 16 0 = −3 x 2 − 2 x + 16
3 x + 2 x − 16 = 0 explicitly stated,
(3 x + 8)( x − 2) = 0 award maximum 3/4  factors
8 marks
x = − or x = 2  x values
3
(4)
OR

f ( x) = − x 3 − x 2 + 16 x + 16  f ′( x) = −3x 2 − 2 x + 16
f ′( x) = −3x 2 − 2 x + 16  f ′(x ) = 0 or
0 = −3x 2 − 2 x + 16 0 = −3 x 2 − 2 x + 16
0 = 3x 2 + 2 x − 16
− 2 ± 2 2 − 4(3)(− 16 )  subs into formula
x=
2(3)
8  x values
x=− or x = 2 (4)
3

9.1.2 f ′′( x) = 0  f ′′( x) = −6 x − 2

− 6x − 2 = 0  − 6x − 2 = 0
 answer
1
x=− (3)
3

OR
− 83 + 2
−8 +2  x=
x= 3 2
2
1  answer
x=−
3 (3)

OR
f ′( x) = −3x 2 − 2 x + 16
− (− 2 )
− (− 2 )  x =
x= 2(− 3)
2(− 3)
1  answer
=−
3 (3)
OR

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Mathematics/P1 25 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

f ( x) = − x 3 − x 2 + 16 x + 16 − (− 1)
 x =
− (− 1) 3(− 1)
x=  answer
3(− 1)
(3)
1
=−
3
9.2.1 g ( x ) = −2 x 2 − 9 x + 5
g (−1) = −2(−1) 2 − 9(−1) + 5
= 12  g (− 1) = 12
g ′( x) = −4 x − 9  g ′( x) = −4 x − 9
m tan = −4(−1) − 9
= −5
 m tan = −5
y = −5 x + c
12 = −5(− 1) + c
c=7
y = −5 x + 7  answer
(4)
OR
g ( x ) = −2 x 2 − 9 x + 5
g (−1) = −2(−1) 2 − 9(−1) + 5  g (− 1) = 12
= 12  g ′( x) = −4 x − 9
g ′( x) = −4 x − 9
m tan = −4(−1) − 9  m tan = −5
= −5
y − 12 = −5( x + 1)  answer
y = −5 x + 7 (4)
9.2.2
y

7
 sketch
x

7
correct inequality
q>7 (3)
OR

y = −5 x + q and y = −2 x 2 − 9 x + 5  method
− 5 x + q = −2 x 2 − 9 x + 5 7
q = −2(x + 1) + 7
2
correct inequality
∴q > 7 (3)

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Mathematics/P1 26 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR

y = −5 x + q and y = −2 x 2 − 9 x + 5
 method
− 5 x + q = −2 x 2 − 9 x + 5
2x 2 + 4x + q − 5 = 0
− 4 ± 16 − 4(2)(q − 5)
x=
2(2)
− 4 ± 56 − 8q
x=
4
56 − 8q < 0
7
q>7 correct inequality
(3)
OR
Since g (− 1) = 12 and at x = −1 , tangent equation is y = −5 x + 7 ,
y = −5 x + q not intersecting g ⇒
12 < −5(− 1) + q
12 − 5 < q
7<q  method

7
correct inequality
(3)
9.3 h ′( x) = 12 x 2 + 5  h ′( x) = 12 x + 5
2

For all values of x: x2 ≥ 0

12 x 2 ≥ 0
12 x 2 + 5 ≥ 5
12 x 2 + 5 > 0  clearly argues
For all values of x: h ′( x) > 0 that h ′( x) > 0
All tangents drawn to h will have a positive gradient.
It will never be possible to draw a tangent with a negative gradient to  conclusion
the graph of h.
(3)
OR

h ′( x) = 12 x 2 + 5
Suppose h′( x ) < 0 and try to solve for x :  h ′( x) = 12 x 2 + 5
12 x 2 + 5 < 0
5  clearly argues that
x2 < −
12 h′( x ) < 0 is
2
but x is always positive impossible
∴ no solution for x
∴ h′( x) ≥ 0 for all x ∈ R  conclusion
i.e. there are no tangents with negative slopes
(3)

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Mathematics/P1 27 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

OR

h ′( x) = 12 x 2 + 5
 h ′( x) = 12 x 2 + 5
y

h'

 argues h ′( x) > 0 by
Since clearly h ′( x) > 0 for all x ∈ R , drawing a sketch
it will never be possible to draw a tangent with a negative gradient to
the graph of h.  conclusion
(3)
[17]

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Mathematics/P1 28 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 10

10.1 s (t ) = 2t 2 − 18t + 45
s′(t ) = 4t − 18  s ′(t )
Note: answer only
s′(0 ) = 4(0 ) − 18 award 0/3 marks  subs t = 0 into
s′(t ) formula
= −18 m / s
 answer

(3)

10.2 s′′(t ) = 4 m/s2  answer

(1)
10.3 4t − 18 = 0
4t = 18  s ' (t ) = 0
9
t = seconds or 4,5 seconds
2  answer
(2)
OR

2
 9 9
s (t ) = 2 t −  +
2
 s(t ) = 2 t − 9  +
9
2 2
 2 2 

9  answer
t = seconds or 4,5 seconds
2 (2)

OR
s (t ) = 2t 2 − 18t + 45 − 18
 t=−
− 18 2(2 )
t=−
2(2 )
 answer
9
t = seconds or 4,5 seconds (2)
2 [6]

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Mathematics/P1 29 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 11
y

40

35

30
Basic Calculators

25

20

15 A

10 B

P
5
FEASIBLE
REGION
D C x
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Scientific Calculators

11.1 No, because (15 ; 5) does not lie within the feasible region.  answer
OR (with motivation)
No, because according to the constraints, the x-value (number of (1)
scientific calculators) must be at least 20.
11.2 x ≥ 20  x ≥ 20
x ≥ 20 x ≥ 20 x ≥ 20  x + 2 y ≤ 50
y x
1 + ≤1
x + 2 y ≤ 50 40 x + 40 y ≤ 1600  x + y ≤ 40
OR y ≤ − 2 x + 25 OR 25 50 OR
x + y ≤ 40 y x 25 x + 50 y ≤ 1250 y≥0
y ≤ − x + 40 + ≤1
y≥0 40 40 y≥0
y≥0 (6)
y≥0

11.3.1 A  answer
(1)
11.3.2 All points on the search line yield the same profit.
Hence no such point exists.  No point
exists
OR (2)

If such an (x ; y) exists, Q = x + 3y and

1
y = − x + 15  No point
3
so 45 = 3 y + x = Q exists
Q = 4 500 (2)
Hence, there is no such point.

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Mathematics/P1 30 DBE/November 2012

NSC – Memorandum

11.3.3 Q = ax + by a Q
y=− x+
a Q b b
y=− x+
b b
a 1  −1 ≤ −
a
−1 ≤ − ≤ −
b 2 b
1 a a
≤ ≤1  ≤1
2 b b
a  answer
The maximum value of is 1. (4)
b [14]

TOTAL: 150

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