2nd Upload
2nd Upload
accurately reflect the construct. • Validity - Validity is about truthfulness. A measure shows validity if it
actually measures what it claims (or is intended) to measure. • Content Validity - Refers to the extent to
which the items or behaviors fully represent the concept being measured • Construct Validity - Refers to
the extent to which the measure is on target to measure the construct being studied. Note: Construct
Validity has two ways to determine construct validity 1. Convergent Validity – Which is the extent to
which other measures of the same behavior are similar to your measure. 2. Discriminant Validity – One
achieves discriminant validity when the instrument being examined is uncorrelated with another
measure that is presumably unrelated. • Predictive Validity - Refers to the extent to which a measure is
related to some other measure that you would be interested in predicting. • Reliability - Is the extent to
which a measure yields the same scores across different times, groups of people, or versions of the
instrument. • Cronbach’s Alpha - Is the most common way to assess the reliability of self - report items.
Cronbach ’s Alpha measures the degree to which the items in an instrument are related. • Test-Retest
Reliability – measures the similarity of participant’s scores at two different times. The greater the
similarity between the two set of scores, the higher the test-retest reliability. • Parallel-Forms Reliability
- An instrument has high parallel - forms reliability if similar, but not identical, versions of the same
instrument have the same measurement characteristics. • Inter-Rater Reliability - Inter-rater reliability is
often used for behavioral observations. A measure has high inter-rater reliability if two people who are
observing a behavior agree on the nature of that behavior.