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Project - Foundation Engineering - Introduction - Tony

This document discusses raft foundations for buildings. It provides 5 types of raft foundations: 1) flat plate raft for small, lightweight structures on non-compressible soil; 2) thickened plate under columns to strengthen areas under heavy column loads; 3) piled raft foundation using piles to reduce settlement and increase load capacity on compressible or waterlogged soil; 4) rigid frame raft using basement walls as deep beams for deep foundations; and 5) box raft foundation forming box structures connected by top and bottom slabs, suitable for loose soil. Raft foundations distribute building loads over a wide area, reducing stress on weak soils. They are used for low bearing capacity, highly compressible, or uncertain soils.

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21 views

Project - Foundation Engineering - Introduction - Tony

This document discusses raft foundations for buildings. It provides 5 types of raft foundations: 1) flat plate raft for small, lightweight structures on non-compressible soil; 2) thickened plate under columns to strengthen areas under heavy column loads; 3) piled raft foundation using piles to reduce settlement and increase load capacity on compressible or waterlogged soil; 4) rigid frame raft using basement walls as deep beams for deep foundations; and 5) box raft foundation forming box structures connected by top and bottom slabs, suitable for loose soil. Raft foundations distribute building loads over a wide area, reducing stress on weak soils. They are used for low bearing capacity, highly compressible, or uncertain soils.

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Cuòng Trịnh Hùng
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HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


~~~~~~*~~~~~~

FOUNDATION ENGINEERING PROJECT

Class: CC01
Group: 2
Full name – ID code:
1. Trinh Hung Cuong 1752121
2. Dao Xuan Hoang 1752206
3. Dinh Truong Giang 1752181
4. Le Tung Duong 1752151
5. Le Hoang 1552129
I. Introduction:
 A raft foundation, or mat foundation, is essentially a continuous slab resting on the
soil that extends over the entire footprint of the building, thereby supporting the
building and transferring its weight to the ground [1]. It is often used when the soil is
weak, as it distributes the weight of the building over the entire area of the building ,
and not over smaller zones or at individual points. This reduces the stress of soil.
 Raft foundation is a suitable solution for low bearing capacity soil, spread footing
cover about 70% of the structure, high structure loads, soft pockets or cavities of in
the soil to unknown extent raft, and highly compressible soil that extends to a great
depth [2].
 There are 5 distinct kinds of raft foundation:
 Flat plate raft: is used in the small and lightweight load structure. This type of
foundation is suitable when the soil is not compressible. The reinforcement bars
are provided in both direction top and bottom in the form of a mesh. Minimun 6
inches of thick RC slab is used in this foundation.
 Thickened plate under columns: The slab thickness should be increased when the
upcoming column loads are very heavy. As the column loads are very high ,the
thickened flat plate is used. The heavy loads create the diagonal shear in the slab
and also create a negative bending moment on columns, so the thickness of RC
slab under the column should be thickened.
 Piled raft foundation: This foundation is supported by piles in the soil. The piled
raft foundation is suitable for the soil of high compressibility and where the water
table is high. Piled raft foundation is mostly used for the high-rise buildings. The
piles are used to decrease the amout of soil settlement and increase the soil load-
bearing capacity.
 Rigid frame raft: is used when the columns have a very load applying. In rigid
frame raft design, the basement RC wall acts as a deep beam or rib. The rigid
frame raft is used when the foundation depth is greater than 90cm.
 Box raft foundation: The structures of boxes are formed and walls of every box
act as beams. The walls are connected by slabs at the top and bottom. This type of
foundation is suitable for loose soil [3].
References:
[1] Understand Building Construction. (02/02/2017). Raft or Mat Foundations.
Access to http://www.understandconstruction.com/raft-foundations.html#:~:text=A
%20raft%20foundation%2C%20also%20called,its%20weight%20to%20the
%20ground.
[2] Madeh Izat Hamakareem. (07/06/2018). What is Mat Foundation? Functions,
Uses and Constructions. Access to https://theconstructor.org/geotechnical/mat-
foundation-construction/37768/
[3] Engineer Moid. (07/04/2019). Mat foundation, its types and advantages. Access
to https://www.civilclick.com/mat-foundation/

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