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Activity 1 - Pattern

1. The golden ratio can be seen in nature in flower petals, tree branches, and seed heads. Flower petals and seed heads follow the Fibonacci sequence in their arrangement. Tree branches split according to the Fibonacci sequence. 2. The golden ratio is present in famous works of art. Leonardo Da Vinci incorporated it in his paintings of an old man and the Mona Lisa. Salvador Dali also used the golden ratio in his painting The Sacrament of the Last Supper. 3. Architecture from ancient times makes use of the golden ratio, including the Parthenon, the Great Pyramid of Giza, and Chartres Cathedral. The proportions of these famous structures reflect

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Christine Reboldad
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95 views

Activity 1 - Pattern

1. The golden ratio can be seen in nature in flower petals, tree branches, and seed heads. Flower petals and seed heads follow the Fibonacci sequence in their arrangement. Tree branches split according to the Fibonacci sequence. 2. The golden ratio is present in famous works of art. Leonardo Da Vinci incorporated it in his paintings of an old man and the Mona Lisa. Salvador Dali also used the golden ratio in his painting The Sacrament of the Last Supper. 3. Architecture from ancient times makes use of the golden ratio, including the Parthenon, the Great Pyramid of Giza, and Chartres Cathedral. The proportions of these famous structures reflect

Uploaded by

Christine Reboldad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Submitted By: BSPSYCH 1B- GroupK

Cabodbod, Kyleen

Liba, Irish Mae

Reboldad, Christine Joy S.

Try to look example for the following and explain the example on to how it is related. (3 example in each
item)(provide Pictures each example)

1. Golden Ratio in Nature

● Flower petals

The number of petals in a flower consistently follows the Fibonacci sequence. Famous examples include
the lily, which has three petals, buttercups, which have five (pictured at left), the chicory's 21,
the daisy's 34, and so on. Phi appears in petals on account of the ideal packing arrangement as
selected by Darwinian processes; each petal is placed at 0.618034 per turn (out of a 360° circle)
allowing for the best possible exposure to sunlight and other factors.
● Tree branches

The Fibonacci sequence can also be seen in the way tree branches form or split. A main trunk will grow
until it produces a branch, which creates two growth points. Then, one of the new stems
branches into two, while the other one lies dormant. This pattern of branching is repeated for
each of the new stems. A good example is the sneezewort. Root systems and even algae exhibit
this pattern.
● Seed heads
The head of a flower is also subject to Fibonaccian processes. Typically, seeds are produced at the
center, and then migrate towards the outside to fill all the space. Sunflowers provide a great
example of these spiraling patterns.In some cases, the seed heads are so tightly packed that
total number can get quite high — as many as 144 or more. And when counting these spirals,
the total tends to match a Fibonacci number. Interestingly, a highly irrational number is
required to optimize filling (namely one that will not be well represented by a fraction). Phi fits
the bill rather nicely.

2. Golden Ratio in Arts

● An Old man by Leonardo Da Vinci

Leonardo Da Vinci explored the human body involving in the ratios of the lengths of various body parts.
He called this ratio the "divine proportion" and featured it in many of his paintings.Leonardo da
Vinci's drawing of an old man can be overlaid with a square subdivided into rectangles, some of
which approximate Golden Rectangles.
● Mona-Lisa by Leonardo Da Vinci

This picture includes lots of Golden Rectangles. In above figure, we can draw a rectangle whose base
extends from the woman's right wrist to her left elbow and extend the rectangle vertically until
it reaches the very top of her head. Then we will have a golden rectangle.
Also, if we draw squares inside this Golden Rectangle, we will discover that the edges of these new
squares come to all the important focal points of the woman: her chin, her eye, her nose, and
the upturned corner of her mysterious mouth.
It is believed that Leonardo, as a mathematician tried to incorporate of mathematics into art. This
painting seems to be made purposefully line up with golden rectangle.
● The sacrament of the Last Supper by Salvador Dali(1904-1989)

This picture is painted inside a Golden Rectangle. Also, we can find part of an enormous dodecahedron
above the table. Since the polyhedron consists of 12 regular Pentagons, it is closely connected
to the golden section.

3. Golden Ratio in Architecture

● Parthenon

The Greek sculptor Phidias sculpted many things including the bands of sculpture that run above the
columns of the Parthenon. Even from the time of the Greeks, a rectangle whose sides are in the
"golden proportion" has been known since it occurs naturally in some of the proportions of the
Five Platonic. This rectangle is supposed to appear in many of the proportions of that famous
ancient Greek temple in the Acropolis in Athens, Greece.
● The Great Pyramid
The Ahmes papyrus of Egypt gives an account of the building of the Great Pyramid of Giza in 4700 B.C.
with proportions according to a "sacred ratio." The Great Pyramid of Giza has a base length of
755 ft, height length of 479 ft, which ultimately produces a ratio that is roughly 1.5717, a
number very close to the golden ratio (1.618).

● Chartres Cathedral

The Medieval builders of churches and cathedrals approached the design of their buildings in much
the same way as the Greeks. They tried to connect geometry and art.
Inside and out, their building were intricate construction based on the golden section.

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