A Technical Seminar Report

On

DIGITAL JEWELLERY
Submitted to
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
ANANTAPUR, ANANTHAPURAMU
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Submitted by

N THANUSHA - (17691A05F0)

Under the Guidance of

DR R.SUDHAKAR,PHD
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

MADANAPALLE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE
(UGC – AUTONOMOUS)
(Affiliated to JNTUA, Ananthapuramu)
(Accredited by NBA, Approved by AICTE, New Delhi)
AN ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution
P. B. No: 14, Angallu, Madanapalle – 517325

2019-20

i
 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certifythat the Technical Seminaron topicDIGITAL JEWELLERY has been
successfully presented at Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Scienceby
N Thanusha, bearing Admission No: 17691A05F0 in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Technology in the stream ofComputer
Science & Engineering of Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur,
Ananthapuramuduring academic year 2019-2020. It is certified that all
corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment have been incorporated in the
report deposited in the departmental library. The Seminar report has been approved as it
satisfies the academic requirements in respect of the Technical Seminarwork for the said
degree.

Seminar Coordinator Prof. and HOD

(Dr. G.N. Vivekananda) (Dr. R.Kalapana)

ii
 DECLARATION

I,N Thanusha[17691A05F0], student of IV year IISem B.Tech., in Computer

Science & Engineering, Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Sciencehereby declare
that the Technical Seminar entitled “Digital Jewellery” has been carried out by me and
submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree ofBachelor of
Technology in the stream of Computer Science & Engineering of Jawaharlal Nehru
Technological University Anantapur, Ananthapuramu during the academic year
2019-20.

Date :28-06-2021 Name:N Thanusha

Place :MITS Admission No:17691A05F0

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of any task
would be incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible, whose
constant guidance and encouragement crowned the efforts with success.

I would like to profoundly thank Management of Madanapalle Institute of

Technology & Science for providing such a healthy environment for the successful
completion of Seminar work.

I would like to express my thanks to the Principal Dr. C. Yuvaraj,for his encouragement
that motivated me for the successful completion of the Seminar work.

It gives me immense pleasure to thank Dr.R. Kalpana, Professor, and Head of

Department for her constant support and encouragement.

Also, I would like to express my most profound sense of gratitude to my Seminar guide
“ DR.R.Sudhakar” Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering
for his constant support and guidance throughout the Seminar work.

I would also like to thank the faculty members, Seminar Coordinator,and all other
teaching and non-teaching staff of the Computer Science & Engineering Department
who have directly or indirectly helped me in the completion of the Seminar work.

Last but not least, I would hereby acknowledge and thank my parents who havebeen a
source of inspiration and also instrumental in the successful completion of the seminar
work.

- N Thanusha

iv
 ABSTRACT

Mоbileсоmрuting is beginning tоbreаk the сhаinsthаt tie us tооur desks, but

mаnyоftоdаy’smоbiledeviсesсаn still be а bit аwkwаrdtосаrryаrоund . In the next
аgeоfсоmрuting, there will beаnexрlоsiоnоfсоmрuterраrtsасrоssdesktорs.
Bаsiсаllyjewelleryаdоrns the bоdyаndhаs verylittle рrасtiсаlрurроse.
The соmbinаtiоnоfmiсrосоmрuterdeviсesаndinсreаsingсоmрuterроwer
hаsаllоwedseverаlсоmраniestо begin рrоduсingfаshiоnjewellery with embedded
intelligenсe.Digitаljewelleryсаn be best defined аs wireless,
weаrаbleсоmрutersthаtаllоw the user tосоmmuniсаte by the meаnsemаil, vоiсemаil.
It seemsthаt everything we ассesstоdаy is under lосkаnd key even the deviсes we
use аreрrоteсted by раsswоrds .
This аrtiсledisсussesаbоut new jаvаbаsed, соmрuterised ring(JАVА Ring) will
аutоmаtiсаllyunlосkdооrs. They hаve the роtentiаltо beаll-in-оnereрlасementsfоryоur
driving liсense, key сhаins, business саrds, сreditсаrds.
They саnаlsоsоlve а соmmоndilemmаоftоdаy’s weird wоrld the
fоrgоttenраsswоrds.Thewhоleсоnсeрt behind this is tоаbletосоmmuniсаtetооthers by
meаnsоf wireless аррliаnсes.Theоther key fасtоrоf this соnсeрtmаrket is
tоstаyfаshiоnаbleаt the sаme time.

v
 CONTENTS
Title Page No
List of Figures
List of Tables
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-2
Chapter 2: Literature Survey 3-4
Chapter 3: Applications 5-7
Chapter 4: Conclusion and future work 8-10

List of Figures
Title Page No
Fig.2.1 IDEO‟s Technojewelry 1
Fig.3.1Cell phones may one day be comprised of digital accessories
3
that Work together through wireless connections.
Fig.3.2Speakers Embedded Into Earnings 5
Fig.3.3Microphone Embedded Necklace

vi
Fig.3.4IBM's magic decoder rings will flash when you get a call.

Fig.3.5 Bluetooth Bracelet built in rechargeable battery, when a call is

coming the bracelet will vibrate and lamp flash (b) Prototype bracelet

display developed by IBM[1]

Fig.3.6 Charmed Communicator Eyepiece

Fig.3.7 The eyepiece above displays images and data received

wirelessly from the communicator’s belt module[4]

/* Guidelines- The Seminar Report format is as follows:

Title Page, Bonafide certificate, Declarations, Acknowledgement,
Abstract (One page), Contents, List of Figures, List of Tables

Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Related work/Literature survey
Chapter 3: Implementation (if applicable)
Chapter 4: Applications
Chapter 5: Evaluation (if applicable)
Chapter 6: Conclusion and future work
Bibliography / References

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Publisher/Journal/Proceeding, Edition/Vol, page number (if transaction),
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 Ad hoc Networks are basically dynamically mobile networks with
ever-changing technology [3].)

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viii
 CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION

2
 Chapter 1
Introduction
The сhаnges in the
teсhnоlоgyhаvebоughtаbоutmаnyminiаturedeviсeswhiсhаllоwрeорletоdо things
witheаse. The rарid use оf these роrtаbleteсhnоlоgyаnd their multiрlefunсtiоnаlities
in аssisting the рeорletоengаge with оther useful асtivitieshаvemаde the teсhnоlоgy
а versаtiletооlfоrleаrningаnd leisure рurроses.Thefundаmentаl issue in
weаrаbleсоmрuters is it’s аbilitytоequiр the individuаl with
рersоnаlisedаndсustоmisаbleinfоrmаtiоn. The weаrаbleсоmрuterсаn be а
videоsсreenwоrnоnbоth eyes like Gооgle,bоdywоrnрrосessоr
,inрutdeviсessuсhаsрushbuttоn, switсhes held in оnehаndаnd а miсrорhоneThe
lаtestсоmрuterusаgehаs been tо be аbletо wireless соmрuters. The
соmрuterfаshiоnwаve, ”DigitаlJewellery” lооkstо be next sizzling fаshiоn trend
оfteсhnоlоgiсаlwаve. Tоdаy’smаnufасturersрlасemilliоnsоftrаnsistоrsоn а miсrосhiр,
whiсhсаn used tоmаkesmаlldeviсesthаtstоretоnsоfdigitаldаtа. DigitаlJewelleryаррeаrstо
be оneоf the biggest grоwingрrоmоtiоnsоf its time. DigitаlJewellery will be
evоlutiоn indigitаljewellerythаtmаkesсоmрuter elements entirely соmраtible with
humаnfоrm. By this we wоuld be аbletосоmmuniсаte by meаnsоfemаil, vоiсemаil.
1.1 Scope

This seminar is about the design and application of digital jewelry which will be
implemented very soon in the real world. Through developing the pieces and critiquing
existing forms of information and communication devices I became aware that the
issues raised by the potential integration of digital technologies and jewelry were
considerable. There has been a radical shift in our relationships with, and experiences
of, digital technologies during the last sixty years. Developments of body-focused
digital objects have fundamentally altered our relationship with digital technologies,
both physically and emotionally.
1.2 Purpose

The advent of digital jewelry has revolutionized the jewelry business by making
it more than just a fashion accessory, and in the near future we could all be wearing it as
a vital means of communication. Mobile phones may have reduced in size over the
years, due to shrinking computer devices and a major increase in computer power, but
digital jewelry will enable you to go one step further by adorning your body with a
selection of compatible mobile components that will work together as well as any
mobile phone, and look stylish at the sametime.

2
1.3 What Is DigitalJewelry?

Digital jewelry is the fashion jewelry with embedded intelligence.“Digital

jewelry” can help you solve problems like forgotten passwords and security
badges.“Digital jewelry” is a nascent catchphrase for wearable ID devices that contain
personal information like passwords, identification, and account information. They have
the potential to be all-in-one replacements for your driver‟s license, key chain, business
cards, credit cards, health insurance card, corporate
securitybadge,andloosecash.Theycanalsosolveacommondilemmaoftoday’swiredworld –
the forgottenpassword.

3
 CHAPTER-2
LITERATURE SURVEY

2
 Chapter 2
Literature Survey
Wireless communications is, by any measure, the fastest growing segment of the
communications industry. As such, it has captured the attention of the media and the imagination
of the public. Cellular systems have experienced exponential growth over the last decade and
there are currently around two billion users worldwide. Indeed, cellular phones have become a
critical business tool and part of everyday life in most developed countries, and are rapidly
supplanting antiquated wire line systems in many developing countries. In addition, wireless
local area networks currently supplement or replace wired networks in many homes, businesses,
and campuses. Many new applications, including wireless sensor networks, automated highways
and factories, smart homes and appliances, and remote telemedicine, are emerging from research
ideas to concretesystems.

2.1 History of WirelessCommunications

The first wireless networks were developed in the Pre-industrial age. These systems
transmitted information over line-of-sight distances (later extended by telescopes) using smoke
signals, torch signaling, flashing mirrors, signal flares, or semaphore flags. An elaborate set of
signal combinations was developed to convey complex messages with these rudimentary signals.
Observation stations were built on hilltops and along roads to relay these messages over large
distances. These early communication networks were replaced first by the telegraph network
(invented by Samuel Morse in 1838) and later by the telephone. In 1895, a few decades after the
telephone was invented, Marconi demonstrated the first radio transmission from the Isle of
Wight to a tugboat 18 miles away, and radio communications was born. The first network based
on packet radio, ALOHANET, was developed at the University of Hawaii in 1971. This network
enabled computer sites at seven campuses spread out over four islands to communicate with a
central computer on Oahu via radio transmission. The network architecture used a star topology
with the central computer at its hub. The U.S. military was extremely interested in the
combinationofpacketdataandbroadcastradioinherenttoALOHANET.Throughoutthe1970‟s
andearly1980‟stheDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(DARPA)invested.

2
 significant resources to develop networks using packet radios for tactical communications
in the battlefield. Packet radio networks also found commercial application in supporting
wide-area wireless data services. These services, first introduced in the early 1990‟s,
enable wireless data access (including email, file transfer, and web browsing) at fairly low
speeds, on the order of 20 Kbps. A strong market for these wide-area wireless data
services never really materialized, due mainly to their low data rates, high cost, and lack of
―killer applications. These services mostly disappeared in the 1990s, supplanted by the
wireless data capabilities of cellular telephones and wireless local area networks (LANs).
The introduction of wired Ethernet technology in the 1970‟s steered many commercial
companies away from radio-based networking.

2.2 Wireless Vision

The vision of wireless communications supporting information exchange between people
or devices is the communications frontier of the next few decades, and much of it already exists
in some form. This vision will allow multimedia communication from anywhere in the world
using a small handheld device or laptop. Wireless networks will connect palmtop, laptop, and
desktop computers anywhere within an office building or campus, as well as from the corner
cafe. In the home these networks will enable a new class of intelligent electronic devices that can
interact with each other and with the Internet in addition to providing connectivity between
computers, phones, and security/monitoring systems. Such smart homes can also help the elderly
and disabled with assisted living, patient monitoring, and emergency response. Wireless
entertainment will permeate the home and any place that people congregate. Video
teleconferencing will take place between buildings that are blocks or continents apart, and these
conferences can include travelers as well, from the salesperson who missed his plane connection
to the CEO off sailing in the Caribbean. Wireless video will enable remote classrooms, remote
training facilities, and remote hospitals anywhere in the world. Wireless sensors have an
enormous range of both commercial and militaryapplications.
2.3 Low-Cost Low-Power Radios: Bluetooth andZigbee
As radios decrease their cost and power consumption, it becomes feasible to embed them
in more types of electronic devices, which can be used to create smart homes, sensor networks,
and other compelling applications. Two radios have emerged to support this trend: Bluetooth and
Zigbee. Bluetooth radios provide short range connections between wireless devices along with
rudimentary networking capabilities. The Bluetooth standard is based on a tiny microchip
incorporating a radio transceiver that is built into digital devices. The transceiver takes the place
of a connecting cable for devices such as cell phones, laptop and palmtop computers, portable
printers and projectors, and network access points. Bluetooth is mainly for short range
communications, e.g. from a laptop to a nearby printer or from a cell phone to a wireless headset.
Its normal range of operation is 10 m (at 1 mW transmit power), and this range can be increased
to 100 m by increasing the transmit power to 100 mW. The system operates in the unlicensed 2.4
GHz frequency band. The Bluetooth standard is named after Harald I Bluetooth, the king of
Denmark between 940 and 985 AD who united Denmark and Norway.

2.4 Jewelry asCommunication

When designing devices that enable communication between individuals using
technology, the significance of how the device relates to the user as an individual, rather than a
member of a collective, is of great importance. This paper draws on practice centered research
into the integration of digital technologies within contemporary jewellery and focuses on
opposing notions of jewelry and the gadget within the conception and design of wearable digital
communication devices.
The desire to make the human form the locus for digital devices is increasingly evident in
the proposals and developments of digital device designers. This motivation is often technology
led as a result of the increasing ubiquitous and miniaturized nature of computing and technology.
However, the body, as a site for interactive devices, has much wider possibilities. This paper
explores the contribution and perspective of Contemporary Jewelry in the design and conception
of wearable digital devices, reflecting the awareness of jewelers to the person/object relationship
and notions of personal significance.
 Randall White, professor of anthropology at New York University suggests that any
discovery of collective human coexistence can be described as a society if there is evidence of
jewellery in that collective. He states that "What people wear, and what they do to and with their
bodies in general, forms an important part of the flow of information - establishing, modifying,
and commenting on major social categories. This perspective provides a view of jewellery,
which establishes it as a defining signifier of society and the power relationships withinit{1}.
There is evidence throughout history that objects have been worn or attached to the body
to symbolize status, difference and a way of asserting individualism. These first connections
between purpose and self-adornment form the precursors of what we now know as jewellery.
Traditionally jewellery has followed in these footsteps. It has been used to symbolize wealth,
social status and cultural positioning. However the power an object has, particularly one worn on
the body, to exemplify and express many broader concepts has advanced the medium of jewelry
from this traditional role [1].
IBM‟s design approach can be characterized as a 'problem solving' one, and has led to
solutions of equivalent quality to high street, commercial accessories, with a predictability of
form and function. Turning to jewellery because "if you have something with you all the
time,you might as well be able to wear it." shows a narrow interpretation of what jewellery is and
a naivety in this case of the problems which are in need of solving. In allowing function to lead
the concept the perceived issues or problems are potentially shallow and the resulting designs
willonly echo this. The more important, significant problems of why such devices should be
made, or how such devices can enhance communication between people are not evident in these
pieces. Research and Development at Philips has produced concepts for the integration of
technology in our communities, homes and clothing. Philips is an example of a company with a
number of approaches to the design of digital devices. They take a user centered approach stating
"The traditional design disciplines are integrated with expertise from the human sciences and
technology through a multi-disciplinary, research-based approach that makes it possible to create
new solutions that satisfy and anticipate people's needs and aspirations.
Philips suggest that "As new technological developments advance they become better and
smaller as we use refined, miniaturized technology. But there are limits to miniaturization. It can
help make products smaller and easier to use, but the ultimate dream is not to have easier tools:
objects that we do not feel clutters us, which are part of our life. Philips approach shows an
openness to form and mode of interaction, their proposed devices often suggest playful ways of
interacting with the systems, but in terms of wearable devices their suggestions echo qualities of
'products' rather than 'jewelry.
Product Design Company IDEO has produced proposals for wearable digital appliances,
which intimate notions of jewelry. The ideas consist of: Cell phone rings, where the ear piece
and mouth piece telephony are embedded in finger jewellery, 'Toe Jewelry', which facilitates
navigation around a city, through the use of satellites and a PDA power plant on a belt, a Sports
watch which supplies data of your performance, to upload to your PDA for analysis and a low
powered ear mounted phone. The forms still resemble products, rather than jewellery, but they
show a more imaginative interpretation of how to wear digital devices than many product design
companies.
As these examples illustrate, the majority of digital devices to date using the body as their
canvas and locus are from a functionalist led standpoint. Craft theorists such as Greenhalgh
(2002) discuss the relevance of technology for makers of craft objects and there is a recognisable
shift in the embrace of such notions. However there are very few contemporary jewelers going
beyond the expression of ideas and aesthetics attributed to digital technology in their work.

IDEO‟sTechnojewelryproposalsfordigitaljewelryincludeCellphone,Rings,wherethe ear
piece and mouth piece are embedded in finger jewelry, and GPS Toes, toe rings which act as
directional indicators and are wirelessly connected to a GPS receiver kept in a bag or worn on a
belt. Elements of these designs show a more sensitive understanding of what it means to
integrate an object into your appearance by wearing it. Their focus on the hands and feet are
described by IDEO as: “non intrusive locations for useful innovations, these concepts prove that
new devices needn‟t look alien to your person and that we can make technology adapt to our
lifestyles rather than the other wayaround.”
 Fig 2.1: IDEO‟s Technojewelry

2.5People and Their Awareness of DigitalJewelry

A survey was conducted for this purpose through social network (Facebook, Twitter)
Participants included: 138 people, age group 19-30, Male and Female. Our results
concluded the following-There are 106 people(77%) do not about digital jewelry, while
there are 32 people (23%) they may have heard or read about it. About 73% accept the
idea of digital jewelry. The most popular field used for Digital Jewelry is Intelligence.
This is comparing with medical and social fields
 CHAPTER-3
APPLICATIONS
 Chapter-3
APPLICATIONS

Soon, cell phones will take a totally new form, appearing to have no form at all.
Instead of one single device, cell phones will be broken up into their basic components
and packaged as various pieces of digital jewelry. Each piece of jewelry will contain a
fraction of the components found in a conventional mobile phone. Together, the digital-
jewelry cell phone should work just like a conventional cellphone.
The various components that are inside a cell phone: -
Microphone, Receiver, Touch pad, Display, Circuit board, Antenna, and Battery.
IBM has developed a prototype of a cell phone that consists of several pieces of
digital jewelry that will work together wirelessly, possibly with Blue tooth wireless
technology, to perform the functions of the above components{1}.

FIG 3.1:Cell phones may one day be comprised of digital

accessories that Work together through
wireless connections.
Here are the pieces of computerized-jewelry phone and their functions:

Earrings:
These days many manufacturers are developing things like Bluetooth devices in
the form of pendants or earrings that people can wear that help enhance their mobile
phones, computers PDAs, basically anything that uses similar Technology.
FIG 3.2: Speakers Embedded Into Earnings

 Necklace - Users will talk into the necklace's embeddedmicrophone

FIG 3.3: Microphone Embedded Necklace

Necklace transfer the information in the forms of signals. It works with the help
of sensors which is embedded in it. It is mainly by blue tooth technology.

 Ring - Perhaps the most interesting piece of the phone, this "magic decoder ring” is
equipped with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that flash to indicate an incoming call. It
can also be programmed to flash different colors to identify a particular caller or
indicate the importance of acall.

Two of the most identifiable components of a personal computer are the mouse
and monitor. These devices are as familiar to us today as a television set. However, in
the next decade, we could witness the disappearance of these devices, at least in their
current form.
 Several companies, including IBM and Charmed Technology, are working on

ways to create a head-mounted display. IBM is also working to shrink the computer
mouse to the size of a ring and create a wrist-worndisplay.

FIG 1.4: IBM's magic decoder rings will flash when you
get a call.

The same ring that flashes for phone calls could also inform you that e-mail is
piling up in your inbox. This flashing alert could also indicate the urgency of thee-mail.

The mouse-ring that IBM is developing will use the company's Track Point
technology to wirelessly move the cursor on a computer-monitor display. (Track Point
is the little button embedded in the keyboard of some laptops). IBM Researchers have
transferred TrackPoint technology to a ring, which looks something like a black-pearl
ring. On top of the ring is a little black ball that users will swivel to move the cursor, in
the same way that the TrackPoint button on a laptop is used.

This Track Point ring will be very valuable when monitors shrink to the size of
watch face. In the coming age of ubiquitous computing, displays will no longer be tied
to desktops or wall screens. Instead, you'll wear the display like a pair of sunglasses or a
bracelet. Researchers are overcoming several obstacles facing these new wearable
displays, the most important of which is the readability of information displayed on
these tiny devices.

 Bracelet - Equipped with a video graphics array (VGA) display, this wrist display
couldalso be used as a caller identifier that flashes the name and phone number of
thecaller.
 FIG 1.5: (a)Bluetooth Bracelet built in rechargeable battery, when a call is coming
the bracelet will vibrate and lamp flash (b) Prototype bracelet
display developed by IBM[1]

With a jewelry phone, the keypad and dialing function could be integrated into
the bracelet, or else dumped altogether -- it's likely that voice-recognition software will
be used to make calls, a capability that is already commonplace in many of today's cell
phones. Simply say the name of the person you want to call and the phone will dial that
person. IBM is also working on a miniature rechargeable battery to power these
components.

1.4 Charmed Communicator’s Eyepiece

Charmed Technology is already marketing its digital jewelry, including a
futuristic- looking eyepiece display.
 FIG 1.6: Charmed communicator eyepiece

The eyepiece is the display component of the company's Charmed

Communicator, a wearable, wireless, broadband-Internet device that can be controlled
by voice, pen or handheld keypad. The Communicator can be used as an MP3 player,
video player and cell phone. The Communicator runs on the company's Linux-based
Nanix operating system.

FIG 1.6: The eyepiece above displays images and data received wirelessly from the
communicator’s belt module[4]

This would be the shape of designer glasses. These intelligent spectacles let you surf the
web or check e-mail, whenever and wherever you want. Your eye would serve as a mouse,
with menu items selected by focusing you
 CHAPTER-4
CONCLUSION
AND
FUTUTURE WORK
 Chapter-4
CONCLUSION ANS FUTURE WORK

The concept behind this digital jewellery is to have a smart devices that are wireless
and always on while remaining attractive to people. It is nothing but broken pieces of
components inside the mobile phone which are repackaged as a jewellery that can be worn
out. The fundamental idea will later resolve into total elimination of computer on one’s
desk but lead to situation where computer will be worn on the body. We are gradually
moving to the fifth generation computers which are portable, small to be a part of people’s
dressing. However this small computing devices offer limited interaction capabilities
compared to a computer or even a phone. “By the end of this Decade, we would be
wearing our personal computers instead of sitting in front of them.”
.

Bibiliography
1. Mobile Communications --Jochen Schiller
2. Bluetooth Connect without Cables--Jennifer Bray and Charles F Sturman
3. Cellular & Mobile Communications--LEE
Web: http://www.IBM.com
http://www.howstuffworks.com
http://www.infoworld.com http://www.ibutton.com