Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the

Development and Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities included in
the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate
to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Let’s Learn

This lesson will help you understand the nature, goals and perspectives in/of
anthropology, sociology and political science. Activities are given as your guide to give
you better understanding of the topic.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Discuss the nature, goal and perspective in/of antropology, sociology and
political science.

Let’s Try

Let us use your initial knowledge on the topic to be discussed. Answer the following questions
without browsing the module. Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. It refers to the totality of what has learned as a member of a society.

a. Sociology b. Anthropoloy c. Culture d. Psychology
2. It is perception of individuals to accepted reality.
a. Outlook b. Beliefs c. Knowledge d. Folkways
3. These are customary patterns of everyday life that specify what is socially correct
and proper in everyday life.
a. Mores b. Norms c. Folkways d. Laws
4. The totality of social organization which includes the social structure and system.
a. Tribe b. Community c. Society d. Nation
5. It refers the stable pattern or configuration of social relationships and social
interactions in society.
a. Social structure
b. Social reality
c. Social system
d. Social organization
6. It is the scientific study of patterned, shared human behavior.
a. Anthropology b. Psychology c. Sociology d. History
7. The branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study of man, his work, his
body, his behavior and values in time and space.
a. Science b. Humanities c. Psychology d. Anthropology
8. It is the scientific study of the state and politics which deal with the nature, principles
and mechanics of rule, authority, power and influence.
a. Political Science b. Social Science c. Law d. Humanities

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9. It is considered as the main relationship between sociology and anthropology.
a. Emergence of community c. Language use by people
b. Culture shared by men d. Fossils of early human beings
10. Also known as customs, these are the norms for everyday behavior that people
follow for the of tradition or convenience.
a. Mores b. Law c. Taboos d. Folkways
11. It is something that is not present in nature but is formed through a process done
by man.
a. Artifacts b. Civilization c. Democracy d. Neolithic
12. It is the expression of the set of cultural ideas held by a distinct ethics or indigenous
group.
a. Ethnicity b. Population c. Society d. Culture
13. It is the socially constructed characteristic of being male or female.
a.Religion b. Education c. Gender d. Social Status
14. It is the legal relationship that binds a person and a country.
a. Nationality b.Tradition c. Nationalism d. Culture
15. It refers to the differences in social behavior that different culture exhibit around the
world.
a. Cultural Deviance c. Cultural Relativism
b. Cultural Variation d. Culture

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 Lesson The Nature, Goals and Perspective of

1 Anthropology, Sociology and Political

Science

Let’s Recall

Let us use your initial knowledge on the topic to be discussed. From your own point of
view elaborate the following situation and write it on a separate paper.

1. Enhance Community Quarantine or lockdown

2. Economic Stability

Let’s Explore

Fill in the blank. Let us use your initial knowledge on the topic to be discussed. Fill-in
the missing letters to complete the words.

1. A ___ T H R ___ P O ___ O G ___

2. ___ O C___I O ___O ___ Y
3. P O L___ T I C___L I D E N___ I T Y
4. C U L ___ T U ___ E
5. S ___ C I E ___ T Y
6. R ___ L I ___ G __ O N
7. E T ___ N I ___I ___ y
8. G ___ N D ___ R
9. ___ A T I ___ N A L ___ T Y
10. V A ___ I A ___ I ___

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 Let’s Elaborate

Though the term society and culture is used today as a scientific concept by
most of the social sciences, its most comprehensive definition has been provided in
anthropology. Humans are social beings. That is why we live together in societies.
Day-to-day we interact with each other and develop social relationships. Every society
has a culture, no matter how simple that culture may be. Culture is shared.

Anthropology a branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study of man,
his/her works, behavior, and value in time and space.

Sociology is the study of human institution and their relationships. This discipline
examines how human actions in modern societies are shaped by social groups and
by wider social, economic and political pressures.

Political Identities refer to a political approach wherein a person or people of a

particular religion, race, social background, class and other identifying factors will form
exclusive socio-political alliances, moving away from broad-based, bipartisan politics
to support and follow political movements which share a particular identifying quality
with them

Human Cultural Variation refers to the differences in social behaviors that different
cultures exhibit around the world. What may be considered good etiquette in one
culture may be considered bad etiquette in another.

Cultural Variation:
 Religion – a system of beliefs and practices as well as system of actions
directed toward entities which are above men.
 Ethnicity – it is the expression of the set of cultural ideas held by a
distinct ethics or indigenous group.
 Nationality – it is the legal relationship that binds a person and a country

Social Differences the differences among the individuals on the basis of social
characteristics and qualities.

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Social Differences:
 Gender – It is the socially constructed characteristic of being male and
female.
 Socio - economic Status - It refers to the category of persons who have
more or less the same socio-economic privileges.
 Exceptionality – It refers to the state of being intellectually gifted and/or
having physically or mentally challenged conditions.

The Concept of Social Change

The problem of social change is one of the central foci of sociological inquiry. It is so
complex and so significant in the life of individual and of society that we have to explore
the ‘why’ and ‘how’ of social change in all its ramifications.
Social changes - are variations from the accepted modes of life; whether due to
alternation in geographical conditions, in cultural equipment, composition of the
population or ideologies and brought about by diffusion, or inventions within the group.

Factors of Social Change

1. Physical Environment - Human misuse can bring very rapid changes in
physical environment which in turn change the social and cultural life of a
people.
2. Population Changes - a stable population may be able to resist change but a
rapidly growing population must migrate, improve its productivity or starve.
3. Attitudes and Values - societies differ greatly in their general attitude toward
change. People who revere the past and preoccupied with traditions and rituals
will change slowly and unwillingly.
4. Technological Factors - when the scientific knowledge is applied to the
problems in life it becomes technology. Technology is a systematic knowledge
which is put into practice that is to use tools and run machines to serve human
purpose. Science and technology go together. In utilizing the products of
technology man brings social change.

Significance of Studying Culture, Society, and Politics

CULTURE
1. Adaptation and Integration – these makes possible for man to adapt and
integrate himself to his environment by being creative and resourceful in coming
up with ways and means of survival.
2. Patterns of Acceptable Social Behavior

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3. Conveys and Facilitates Meaning – through verbal and non-verbal
communication, written and non-written language, forms of expression and
symbolisms.
4. Production of man-made things
5. Human Satisfaction – as we develop ways to make life more enjoyable,
comfortable, easier and more rewarding such as recreational activities, leisure,
entertainment and arts etc.

Social
1. Representation of our identity
2. Characterize the totality of a territory
3. Symbols of political interdependence
4. Avenue for economic interdependence

Political
1. Collective Activity – involving people who accept a common membership or at
least acknowledge a shared fate.
2. Initial diversity of views
3. Reconciliation of difference
4. Authoritative Policy

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 Let’s Dig In

Activity 1: Self Analyzation

Direction:
1. Write your name inside the circle.
2. Draw figure 1 on the sheet of paper.
3. Write the following information of yourself in the four spaces.
a. Gender b. Socio-economic class c. Ethnicity b. Religion

Based on the output activity the teacher will ask the students to discuss their
observation based on the following questions:

1. What are the similarities and differences of every individual?

2. Do these similarities and differences affect the life of the whole community?

The teacher will give the students a time frame of 2 minutes to present their answer.

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Activity 2: Diagram

Complete the following diagrams and give example.

Significance
of Studying
Culture

Significance
of Studying
Society

351112121121212
12121

Significance of
Studying Politics

8
 Let’s Remember

The study of sociology, anthropology and political science, it allows human to be better
and understand their surroundings and environment because;

Let’s Apply

Based on your observation make an essay on how do you think our present situation
(Covid-19) can affect our society.

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 Let’s Evaluate

Let us use your knowledge on the topic that we have discussed. Answer the following
questions without browsing the module. Choose the letter of the best answer and write
it on a separate sheet of paper.

1. A branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study of man, his/her works,
behavior and value in time and space.
a. Anthropology b. Sociology c. Geology d. History

2. It refers to the category of persons who have more or less the same socio-economic
privileges.
a. Social Difference c. Social Change
b. Socio-economic Status d. Status Quo

3. It is the legal relationship that binds a person and a country.

a. Nationality c. Tradition
b. Patriotism d. Values

4. The study of human institution and their relationship.

a. Economics c. Anthropology
b. History d. Sociology

5. It is the expression of the set of cultural ideas held by a distinct ethics or indigenous
group.
a. Ethnicity c. Nationality
b. Gender d. Age

6. It refers to a political approach wherein a person or people of a particular religion,

race, social background.
a. Social Change c. Political Identities
b. Cultural Variation d. Anthropology

7. It is the socially constructed characteristic of being male or female.

a. Gender c. Age
b. Nationality d. Religion

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8. It refers to the state of being intellectually gifted and/or having physically or mentally
challenged conditions.
a. Exceptionality c. Socio economic Status
b. Social Difference d. Social Change

9. A system of belief s and practices as well as a system of actions directed toward

entities which are above men.
a. Culture c. Society
b. Tradition d. Religion
10. It refers to the differences in social behavior that different culture exhibit around
the world.
a. Cultural Variation c. Human Varian
b. Political Identities d. Social Change

11. It is the socially constructed characteristic of being male or female.

a. Religion c. Gender
b. b. Education d. Social Status

12. It is the scientific study of patterned, shared human behavior.

a. Anthropology c. Sociology
b. Psychology d. History

13. It refers the stable pattern or configuration of social relationships and social
interactions in society.

a. Social structure c. Social system

b. Social reality d. Social organization

14. It refers to the differences in social behavior that different culture exhibit around the
world.

a. Cultural Deviance c. Cultural Relativism

b. Cultural Variation d. Culture

15. It is perception of individuals to accepted reality.

a. Outlook c. Knowledge
b. Beliefs d. Folkway

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 Let’s Extend

1. Cut or draw an example of a Material Culture and Non-material Culture.

2. What is the aspect of culture.

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References

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics. Written by: Ederlina D. Balena, Arnel M.
Peralta (Published by Educational Resources Corporation)
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics. (First Edition) Written by: Gerry M.
Lanuza, Sarah S. Raymundo (Published by REX Book Store)
Dr. V.K.Maheshwari, M.A. (Socio, Phil) B.Sc. M. Ed, Ph.D.
http://www.depedrovcatanduanes.com/files/03-UCSP-AS-v1.0.pdf
https://www.pearsonhighered.com/assets/samplechapter/0/2/0/5/0205711200.pdf
http://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/41246/1/Unit-1.pdf
https://www2.palomar.edu/anthro/change/change_2.htm
https://securipedia.eu/mediawiki/index.php/Culture_aspects#:~:text=Concepts%20of
%20culture,Examples&text=Technically%2C%20culture%20is%20linked%20to,asse
ssments%2C%20expectations%20and%20behaviour%20consequences.
https://www.slideshare.net/kellykhel/understanding-the-concepts-of-anthropology-
sociology
 Development Team of the Module
Writers: Delia D. Casasola
Editors:
Content Evaluator: Elisa P. Apolis – Head Teacher III
Content Evaluator: Rommel P. Gramaje – Master Teacher 1
Language Evaluator: ANGELITA S. VARGAS – English Teacher
Reviewer : Ferdinand Paggao – EPS AP
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Dan Gil M. Loresco
Management Team: Margarito B. Materum OIC-SDS
Dr. George P. Tizon, SDOG Chief
Dr. Ellery G. Quintia, CID Chief
Daisy L. Mataac, Ed.D.
Ferdinand Paggao, EPS

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