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Tagmemics Analysis of Using Language Linguistic Data of Banyuwangi

Conference Paper · January 2018

DOI: 10.2991/soshec-18.2018.88

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Ika Febriani
Universitas Trunojoyo Madura
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 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 222
2nd Social Sciences, Humanities, and Education Conference (SoSHEC 2018)

Tagmemics Analysis of Using Language Linguistic

Data of Banyuwangi

Ika Febriani
Universitas Trunojoyo Madura
Bangkalan, Indonesia

Abstract—This research were intended to analyze the functions of a linguistic form and concentrated only on form.
linguistic data of Using language in Banyuwangi by using The analysis in Tagmemics theory describes language based
Tagmemics analysis. Language analyzes in Indonesia mostly use on tagmem that combines traditional concepts with word class
structural theory. In keeping with the development of the times (categories) such us noun (N), verb (V), adjective, adverb
in reality the structural analysis of language cannot fully apply in (Adv). Tagmemics Theory analyzes an element or unit in
the investigation of the subtleties of language in the field. Hence sequence and sequence (sequential and aquipollent), which is
the need for other theories capable of analyzing in relation to the called string analysis. From the view in Tagmemics theory can
investigation of language subtleties is more intensive than be said that by mastering tagmemics theory will be easier to
structural analysis. Based on the above facts, language
learn other theories [2]. It is related to one of Pike's opinion
researchers in Indonesia have a great interest in the application
of Tagmemics theory in the investigation of the subtleties of
other contributions to linguistic theory is his distinction
language in Indonesia. This research used qualitative approach between emic and etic viewpoints [3].
research procedure and the data analysis tekhnique is based on Characteristics of Tagmemics flow analysis of function or
Pike theory of tagmemics. Evidenced by the emergence of sentence positions on Traditional theory is selected and placed
language investigation in Indonesia by using Tagmemics theory on the slot dimension [4]. In Tagmemics theory there are
among them Using Language in Banyuwangi. The data of this grammatical units called tagmem. Tagmem-tagmem consists of
research are linguistic data that consists of the clauses in
interchangeable functional slots and complement each other or
Banyuwangi society with Using Language. Tagmem as the unit of
occupy the slot. To analyze or describe language with
language which is the basis of Tagmemics analysis is also
explained by giving characteristic filler function of S, P, O, and so
Tagmemics theory, tagmem is the most important basic unit of
on. In the Using language constructs predicate function predates syntagmatic analysis. The main unit of tagmemics analysis is
the subject. The construction of intransitive clauses in using the tagmem that deals with functional slots and categories that
languages coexists directly with the complementary, locative, and fill the slot.
range-filled complement slots function. Proven eclectic nature in
analyzing with Tagmemics theory of linguistics. A. Tagmem
The unity in Tagmemics analysis is tagmem, correlation of
Keywords—tagmemics, using language, linguistic data a functional lane with classes of grains that fill the lane.
Furthermore, according to Tarigan this unity is not merely the
I. INTRODUCTION unity of forms as contained in other grammatical models but a
Using language as a recognized regional language has combination of functions and forms [5]. Robin said that
existence is a language with a unique structure. This tagmem is a container in a structure (syntactic or
uniqueness causes many analyzes done on the language one of morphological) along with the formal class of elements that
them based on Tagmemics theory. occupy the container (often associated with that contained in
the literature as the 'path' and 'filler').
As the times progressed, in order to use the language to
use the extinct need to be preserved by analyzing the Pike provides four characteristics of tagmem: structural
language. Analyzing using Tagmemics language has been gates (slots), substitution classes, roles, and cohesion
done by Dendy Sugono on transitive verb form. For that, it (framework and control) [6]. The unit of a construction
needs to be analyzed with Tagmemics theory on using clause described in these four traits is called tagmem. Pike further
structure. explained the contrast between gatra, class, role, and cohesion
can also be related to the terms: (1) syntagmatic relationships
Tagmemic theory is concerned primarily with grammatical with a whole larger set of inner parts, (2) paradigmatic classes
analysis and is especially associated with Kenneth Lee Pike. It of corresponding parts and can be replaced by the same place;
is an offshoot of structuralism. Walter A Cook, S.J [1] with his the pragmatic relevance of the cut type behavioral function,
book entitled Introduction to Tegmemic Analysis the (4) the suitability of the elements.
tagmemics flow (in the sense of a complete tagmemic flow)
was pioneered by Kenneth L. Pike, a figure from the summer Tagmem as the unit of language which is the basis of
institute of linguistic, who bequeathed Bloomfield's views so Tagmemics analysis is also explained by giving characteristic
that this flow was structuralism. Structuralism ignored filler function of subject, predicate, object, and so on. Tagmem
unifies traditional concepts such as subject, predicate, object,

Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 416
 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 222

complement, locative, temporal, recipient, actor, with the (4) bengen hing bener emak ring sawah‘old unnatural
concept of noun class, verb, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, etc. mother in the fields'
(5) yene longgoh ring papane dhyewek‘he sits in his place'
B. Types of Tagmem Presence in Construstion
1. Mari lakine matay, mung emake mbandhani lare ikau
According to Tarigan tagmem is a correlation of forms
In the data (1) there are two clause constructs, such us:
distributed in the construction of language with the possibility
of the type of existence that is mandatory or may choose (1a) mari lakine matay
against construction, core or area of construction, and (1b) mung emake mbandhani lare ikau
distributed in a fixed position or free movement [5]. If the clause construction (1a) is concerned, the tagmem
Tagmem is required to be marked with a plus sign (+) that can be found as follows.
it must be present. Tagmem may be marked with a plus-minus (1a) mari lakine matay
sign (±) that the tagmem may / may occur. A core tagmem Conj. S:N P: Vin
may be mandatory or may be selectable. Broad tagmem is (1a) Cla= ±conn:konj +S:NP +P:VP
always optional [5].
Noun Verb
II. METHODS Cla = ± Lin Conj + Subject Phrase + Predicate Phrase
Qualitative approach is used in this research. The kind of Cause - Undergoer - Statement -
qualitative approach is language research. This research used
research procedure and the data analysis technique is based on
Pike theory of tagmemics. Evidenced by the emergence of The construction of the clause consists of a connecting fill
language investigation in Indonesia by using Tagmemics tag or a connector filled by the conjunction class, the slot filler
theory among them Using Language in Banyuwangi. The data tag S filled by class N, and followed by the sl tag of the
of this research are linguistic data that consists of the clauses function slot filled by the class nucleus verb. Similar to the
in Banyuwangi society with Using Language. construction of clause (1b), if we note that tagmem-tagmem
The method of language research used in this research is filler slot function is as follows.
the method of agih with basic technique [7]. Sudaryanto [7] (1b) mung emake mbandhani lare ikau
said so called because the way used at the beginning of the
analytical work is to divide the lingual unit of data into several S.Actor:NP P:V O/Aj undergoer:NP
parts or elements and the elements concerned are viewed as a (1b) Cl= +S:NP +P:V +O/Aj undergoer:NP
direct part to form the lingual unit in question.
Cla = + Subject NP 1 +P VP + Object NP 2
III. RESEARCH RESULT Actor - Sta - Undergoer -

The Tagmemics model consists of a series of syntactic

statements at sentence levels, clauses, phrases, and words [5]. The clause construct consists of a slot filler fill tagmem
Furthermore, Tarigan stated in the analysis of a sentence, those filled by N class followed by the sl tag of the function slot P
elements which can be removed from the structure are marked that is filled by class Vt and followed by the Pendent tagmem
as "optionable" (optional) and others are required. filled by class N. Construction clause (1a) can not stand alone
into a major sentence but must be embedded in the clause (1b)
Slot Class so that it is inserted into the clause group bound. The clause
Role Cohession attachment (1a) is caused by the tagmem of the connector or
connector slot filled by the {mari} 'conjunction of' which is
A. Tagmemics Analysis the Linguistic Data of Using located in the left-hand position. The clause construction (1b)
Language has the ability to be a major sentence so that it is inserted into
a group of free clauses.
Analyzing with Tagmemics theory uses formulas with Hierarchically, the construction of {mari lakine matay}
abbreviations of terms. The following are the sentences outer slot filler (margin), construction {emake mbandhani lare
discussed in this paper. ikau} core slot charger (nucleus), construction {after / mari}
(1) mari lakine matay, mung emake mbandhani lare connector or connector slot, {matay} slot charger P, phrase
ikau‘after her husband died, only her mother took the construction {lakine} slot charger S, construction {mung
emake} slot function S, construction {mbandhani} function
child' slot filler P, and construction {anake} filler slot function O
(2) dulure hang cilik ikai hing bisa megyawek ring papan undergoer.
liya‘this little brother can not work anywhere else' Formula subordinates sentence (1) as follows.
(3) emake ikau nangis ring umyah ‘her mother was crying Mari Lakine
at home' NP1 = ± Lin Conj + In N
Cause - It -

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 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 222

The above formula reads the noun phrase consisting of the Pbk - It -
outer core tagmem is optional with the connector role filled
with the conjunction and the core tagmem is mandatory with The above formula is read: a verb comprising an outer core
the role of the item filled with the noun. tagmem is optional with a work-forming role filled with the
laki + -ne affix of the m-i conf config form and the mandatory core
tagmem with the role of the item filled with the basic / origin
N1 = + In MD ± In Af
maorfem.
It - Pbd -
lare ikau
NP3 = + In N ± Lin Pronoun
The above formula is read: the noun consists of a Undergoer - Pnt -
mandatory core tagmem with the role of the item filled in the
base / origin morpheme and the outer tagmem of the core is
The above formula is read: the noun phrase composed of
optional with the forming role of the affixed object with the - mandatory core tagmem with the patient's role filled by the
ne-suffix shape. noun followed by the outer core tagmem is optional with the
matay decisive role filled by the pronoun point.
VP1 = + In V 2. Dulure hang cilik ikai hing bisa megyawek ring papan liya
It -
The clause construction (2) follows the S-P sequence
pattern that is capable of constructing at least a major
The above formula is read: a verb phrase composed of sentence. Tagmem filler slot function S and P contains
mandatory core tagmem with the role of an item filled with mandatory properties. The clause construction in addition to
verbs. containing the slot tag slot S-P also contains the tagmem-filler
mung emake function O. Syntactically in behavior in larger units expanded
by presenting tagmem filler slot Aj. The clause construction
NP2 = ± Lin adv + In N (2) contains the Aj function fill slot occupying a certain
It - It - position.
Dulure hang cilik ikai bisa megyawek ring papan liya

The above formula is read: the noun phrase

Cla = + S NP +P Verb Phrase ± comp Prep
comprising the outer core tagmem is optional with the role of Actor - Sta - Range -
the item filled by the adverb and the mandatory core tagmem
with the item role of the noun filled.
emak + -e The clause consists of a mandatory subject tagmem with
the role of the actor filled with the noun phrase, the predicate
N2 = + In MD ± Lin Af tagmem is mandatory with the role of the statement filled with
It - Pbd - the verb phrase, and the complement tagmem is optional with
the range role filled with the preposition phrase.
Here's the subordinate formula clause below.
The above formula is read: the noun consists of a Dulure hang cilik ikai
mandatory core tagmem with the role of the item filled with
the base / origin morpheme and the outer core tagmem is NP = + In V ± Lin P ± Lin Pronoun
optional with the forming role of the affixed object with the Actor - It - It -
form of the -e suffix.
mbandhani The above noun phrase construction consists of mandatory
core tagmem with the role of the actor filled with verbs, the
VP2 = + In V outer core tagmem is optional with the role of the item filled
It - by the particle, the outer core tagmem is optional with the role
of the item filled by the adjective, and the tagmem outside of
the core is optional with the role of the item filled by the
The above formula is read: the verb phrase composed pronoun point.
of the core tagmem is optional with the role of the item filled Dulur + -e
by the verb.
N=+ In MD ± Lin Af
m-i + bandhani or m- + bandhani + -i
It - Pbd -
V=± Lin Af + In MD

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 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 222

The above formula is read: the noun consists of a Nangis

mandatory core tagmem with the role of the item filled with
VP = + In V
the base / origin morpheme and the outer core tagmem is
It -
optional with the forming role of the affixed object with the
form of the suffix -e. The above formula is read: the verb phrase comprising the
Hing bisa megyawek mandatory core tagmem with the role of the item filled by the
VP = ± Lin Adv + In V ± In V verb.
It - It - It - n- +tangis
V=± Lin Af + In Base Morphem
Pbk - It -
The construction of the above verb phrase comprising the
outer core tagmem is optional with the role of the item filled The above formula is read: a verb comprising an outer core
by the adverb, the mandatory core tagmem with the role of the
tagmem is optional with a work-forming role filled with the
item filled by the verb, the core tagmem is mandatory with the
prefix of the prefix n- and the mandatory core tagmem with
role of the item filled by the verb.
me- + gyawek the role of the item filled with the base / origin morpheme.
Ring umyah
V=± Lin Af + In Base Morphem
Pbk - It - V=+ In Prep + In N
It - It -

The above formula is read: the verbs comprising the outer The construction of the preposition phrase consists of
core tagmem are optional with a working-forming role that is mandatory core tagmem with the role of an item filled with the
affixed to the prefix form and the mandatory core tagmem preposition and the core tagmem being mandatory with the
with the role of the item filled with the base / origin role of the item filled with the noun.
morpheme.
Ring papan liya 4. Bengen hing bener emak ring sawah
Prep Phrase = + In Prep + In N ± Lin Adj
It - It - It - V=± Komp FN + P Fv
Sta - Temp -
The construction of the preposition phrase consists of a
mandatory core tagmem with the role of an item filled with the
preposition, the core tagmem is mandatory with the role of the
item filled in the noun, and the outer core tagmem is optional + S FN ± Komp Prep P
with the role of the item filled with the adjective. Actor - Loc -

3. Emake ikau nangis ring umyah The above clause construction consists of the tagmem
{bengen} as complement is optional with the temporal role,
tagmem {hing bener} as mandatory predicate with the role of
Cla = + S NP +P FV ± Comp Prep P statement, tagmem {emak} as the subject is mandatory to
Actor - Sta - Range - contain the role of the actor or the experiment, and the
tagmem {ring sawah} filler as complement contains a locative
The above clause construction consists of a mandatory role.
subject tagmem with the role of the actor filled with the noun The subordinate clause formulas are as follows.
phrase, the predicate tagmem is mandatory with the role of a Bengen
statement filled with the verb phrase, and an optional NP = ± Lin N
complement tagmem with a range role filled with the Temp -
preposition phrase.
The following subordinate clause construction formula is The above formula is read: the noun phrase consists of an
as follows. optional tagmem with a temporal role filled with nouns.
Emake ikau Hing bener
NP = + In N ± Lin Pronoun VP = ± Lin Adv + In Adj
Actor - It - It - It -

The above formula consists of mandatory core tagmem The construction of the above verb phrase comprising the
with the role of the charged actor noun and the outer core outer core tagmem is optional with the role of the item filled
tagmem is optional with the role of the item filled with the by the adverb and the mandatory core tagmem with the role of
pronoun of the pointer. the item filled by the adjective.

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 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 222

Ring umyah the base / origin morpheme and the outer core tagmem is
optional with the forming role of the affixed object with the
VP = + In Prep + In N
form of the suffix -e.
It - It -
 Intransitive clause
The construction of the preposition phrase consists of (2) dulure hang cilik ikai hing bisa megyawek ring papan
mandatory core tagmem with the role of an item filled with the liya
preposition and the core tagmem being mandatory with the (3) emake ikau nangis ring umyah
role of the item filled with the noun. (4) bengen hing bener emak ring sawah
(5) yene longgoh ring papane dhyewek
5. Yene longgoh ring papane dhyewek The above clause construction includes an intransitive
clause marked with 'megyawek', 'nangis', 'hing bener' verbs,
Cla = + S NP +P VP ± Comp Prep P
and 'longgoh' P slot chargers which do not require the
Actor - Sta - Range -
presence of a slot of a patient object. Expansion possibilities
The above clause construction consists of a mandatory are only side by side directly with complement slots that
subject tagmem with the role of the actor filled with the noun indicate temporal, locative, or range.
phrase, the predicate tagmem is mandatory with the role of a
IV. CONCLUSION
statement filled with the verb phrase, and an optional
complement tagmem with a range role filled with the In the using language clause construction includes an
preposition phrase. intransitive clause marked with 'megyawek', 'nangis', 'hing
The following subordinate clause construction formula is bener' verbs, and 'longgoh'. The clauses constructs predicate
as follows. function predates the subject. The construction of intransitive
Yene clauses in Using languages coexists directly with the
complementary, locative, and range-filled complement
NP = + In N function slots. Proven eclectic nature in analyzing with
Actor - Tagmemics theory of linguistic data Using language
Banyuwangi. Such uniqueness is particularly in the step and
The above formula consists of the mandatory core form of analyzing linguistic data. The clauses with consists of
tagmem with the actor role filled with nouns. the function of slot in using language is diversed. We hope
Longgoh that all this research can be develop step of research about
VP = + In V
using language of Banyuwangi.
It -
REFERENCES
The above formula is read: the verb phrase comprising the
mandatory core tagmem with the role of the item filled by the [1] W. A. Cook, Introduction to Tagmemic Analysis. New York :
verb. Georgetwon University. 1978.
Ring papane dhyewek [2] P. J. Sitorus,. Struktur Sintaktis Bahasa Batak Toba: Analisis Tagmemik
dan Analisis Konstruksi Tema-Rema. Thesis. Universitas Negeri
Prep P = + In Prep + In N ± Lin Adv Surabaya: unpublished, 2002.
It - It - It - [3] A. Muqit, “Tagmemics: An Introduction to Tagmemics Concepts,”
Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra, vol. 1, pp. 1-8, 2012.
The construction of the preposition phrase consists of [4] Soeparno. Aliran Tagmemik: Teori, Analisis, dan Penerapan dalam
mandatory core tagmem with the role of an item filled with the Pembelajaran Bahasa. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana. 2008.
preposition, the core tagmem is mandatory with the role of the [5] H. G. Tarigan, Pengajaran Tata Bahasa Tagmemik. Bandung: Angkasa.
item filled in the noun, and the outer core tagmem is optional 1989.
with the role of an item filled with the adverb. [6] K.L.Pike, Konsep Linguistik Pengantar Teori Tagmemik. Jakarta:
Papan + -e Summer Institute of Linguistics. 1992.
[7] Sudaryanto, Metode dan Teknik Analisis Bahasa: Pengantar Penelitian
N=+ In Base morpheme ± Lin Af Wahana Kebudayaan secara Linguistis. Yogyakarta: Sanata Dharma
It - Pbd - University Press. 2018.

The above formula is read: the noun consists of a

mandatory core tagmem with the role of the item filled with

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