PVSYST V6.

81 30/08/21 Page 1/7

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters

Project : PLTS Driving Range Off Grid
Geographical Site Driving Range Country Indonesia
Situation Latitude -6.29° S Longitude 106.90° E
Time defined as Legal Time Time zone UT+7 Altitude 0 m
Albedo 0.20
Meteo data: Driving Range Meteonorm 7.2 (2010-2014), Sat=100% - Synthetic

Simulation variant : New simulation variant

Simulation date 30/08/21 09h40

Simulation parameters System type Sheds on ground

Collector Plane Orientation Tilt 10° Azimuth 0°
Sheds configuration Nb. of sheds 6
Sheds spacing 6.91 m Collector width 4.26 m
Shading limit angle Limit profile angle 15.2° Ground cov. Ratio (GCR) 61.6 %

Models used Transposition Perez Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm

Horizon Free Horizon
Near Shadings Linear shadings
Storage Kind Self-consumption, No grid reinjection
Charging strategy When excess solar power is available
Discharging strategy As soon as power is needed
User's needs : daily profile Constant over the year
average 94 kWh/Day
0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h 10 h 11 h
12 h 13 h 14 h 15 h 16 h 17 h 18 h 19 h 20 h 21 h 22 h 23 h
Hourly load 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 kW
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 0.00 0.00 kW

PV Array Characteristics
PV module Si-poly Model HiKu-CS3W-440P MS
Custom parameters definition Manufacturer Canadian Solar Inc.
Number of PV modules In series 15 modules In parallel 8 strings
Total number of PV modules Nb. modules 120 Unit Nom. Power 450 Wp
Array global power Nominal (STC) 54.0 kWp At operating cond. 48.2 kWp (50°C)
Array operating characteristics (50°C) U mpp 553 V I mpp 87 A
Total area Module area 265 m² Cell area 238 m²

Inverter Model Sunny Tripower 25000TL-30

Original PVsyst database Manufacturer SMA
Characteristics Operating Voltage 390-800 V Unit Nom. Power 25.0 kWac
Inverter pack Nb. of inverters 2 units Total Power 50 kWac
Pnom ratio 1.08
Battery Model S2-1180 AGM
Manufacturer Rolls
Battery Pack Characteristics Nb. of units 16 in series x 6 in parallel
Voltage 32 V Nominal Capacity 6000 Ah (C10)
Discharging min. SOC 10.0 % Stored energy 170.5 kWh
Temperature Fixed (20°C)
PVSYST V6.81 30/08/21 Page 2/7

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters

Battery input charger Model Generic
Max. charging power 20.0 kWdc Max./ Euro efficiency 97.0/95.0 %
Battery to Grid inverter Model Generic
Max. discharging power 20.0 kWac Max./ Euro efficiency 97.0/95.0 %

PV Array loss factors

Array Soiling Losses Loss Fraction 2.0 %
Thermal Loss factor Uc (const) 29.0 W/m²K Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K / m/s
Wiring Ohmic Loss Global array res. 105 mOhm Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC
Serie Diode Loss Voltage Drop 0.7 V Loss Fraction 0.1 % at STC
LID - Light Induced Degradation Loss Fraction 2.0 %
Module Quality Loss Loss Fraction 0.0 %
Module Mismatch Losses Loss Fraction 1.5 % at MPP
Incidence effect (IAM): User defined profile
10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80° 90°
1.000 1.000 1.000 0.990 0.990 0.970 0.920 0.760 0.000

System loss factors

Wiring Ohmic Loss Wires: 3x35.0 mm² 165 m Loss Fraction 2.9 % at STC

Auxiliaries loss Proportionnal to Power 10.0 W/kW ... from Power thresh. 0.0 kW
PVSYST V6.81 30/08/21 Page 3/7

Grid-Connected System: Near shading definition

Project : PLTS Driving Range Off Grid
Simulation variant : New simulation variant
Main system parameters System type Sheds on ground
Near Shadings Linear shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 10° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model HiKu-CS3W-440P MS Pnom 450 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 120 Pnom total 54.0 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Tripower 25000TL-30 25.00 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 2.0 Pnom total 50.0 kW ac
User's needs daily profile Constant over the year Global 34.5 MWh/year

Perspective of the PV-field and surrounding shading scene

Iso-shadings diagram
PLTS Driving Range Off Grid
Beam shading factor (linear calculation) : Iso-shadings curves
90
Shading loss: 1 % Attenuation for diffuse: 0.082
5 Shading loss: 5 % 4
and albedo: 0.357
Shading loss: 10 %
612h Shading loss: 20 %
75
7 Shading loss: 40 % 3 11h
13h

2
60 1 10h
14h
Sun height [[°]]

9h
45 15h

8h
30 16h 1: 22 june
2: 22 may - 23 july
3: 20 apr - 23 aug
4: 20 mar - 23 sep 7h
17h 5: 21 feb - 23 oct
15
6: 19 jan - 22 nov
7: 22 december
Behind Behind
the plane the plane
0
180 150 120 90 60 30 0 -30 -60 -90 -120 -150 -180
Azimuth [[°]]
PVSYST V6.81 30/08/21 Page 4/7

Grid-Connected System: Detailed User's needs

Project : PLTS Driving Range Off Grid
Simulation variant : New simulation variant
Main system parameters System type Sheds on ground
Near Shadings Linear shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 10° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model HiKu-CS3W-440P MS Pnom 450 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 120 Pnom total 54.0 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Tripower 25000TL-30 25.00 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 2.0 Pnom total 50.0 kW ac
User's needs daily profile Constant over the year Global 34.5 MWh/year

daily profile, Constant over the year, average = 94 kWh/day

0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h 10 h 11 h
12 h 13 h 14 h 15 h 16 h 17 h 18 h 19 h 20 h 21 h 22 h 23 h
Hourly load 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 kW
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 0.00 0.00 kW

User's needs :daily profile, Constant over the year

Average = 94 kWh/day
20000

18000

16000

14000

12000
[W]
power

10000
Load

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
0 6 12 18 24 6 12 18 24
31/05/00 01/06/00
PVSYST V6.81 30/08/21 Page 5/7

Grid-Connected System: Main results

Project : PLTS Driving Range Off Grid
Simulation variant : New simulation variant
Main system parameters System type Sheds on ground
Near Shadings Linear shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 10° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model HiKu-CS3W-440P MS Pnom 450 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 120 Pnom total 54.0 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Tripower 25000TL-30 25.00 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 2.0 Pnom total 50.0 kW ac
User's needs daily profile Constant over the year Global 34.5 MWh/year

Main simulation results

System Production Produced Energy 71.04 MWh/year Specific prod. 1316 kWh/kWp/year
Performance Ratio PR 35.74 % Solar Fraction SF 98.24 %
Battery ageing (State of Wear) Cycles SOW 70.1% Static SOW 90.0%
Battery lifetime 3.3 years

Normalized productions (per installed kWp): Nominal power 54.0 kWp Performance Ratio PR

7 1.0
Lc : Collection Loss (PV-array losses) 1.04 kWh/kWp/day PR : Performance Ratio (Yf / Yr) : 0.357
0.9
Ls : System Loss (inverter, ...) 2.05 kWh/kWp/day
6
Yf : Produced useful energy (inverter output) 1.72 kWh/kWp/day
0.8
[kWh/kWp/day]

5 0.7
Performance Ratio PR

0.6
4
Energy

0.5

3
0.4
Normalized

2 0.3

0.2
1
0.1

0 0.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

New simulation variant

Balances and main results

GlobHor DiffHor T_Amb GlobInc GlobEff EArray E_User E_Solar EUnused EFrGrid
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh MWh MWh MWh

January 107.4 69.69 25.57 102.5 91.1 4.287 2.929 2.626 1.067 0.303
February 110.0 72.16 25.23 107.2 95.3 4.492 2.646 2.546 1.340 0.100
March 140.0 73.86 25.89 140.0 126.3 5.900 2.929 2.812 2.368 0.117
April 146.0 72.83 25.84 151.2 137.5 6.437 2.835 2.835 2.827 0.000
May 149.6 64.68 26.30 159.8 145.6 6.797 2.929 2.929 3.098 0.000
June 142.3 66.07 25.56 154.1 139.4 6.555 2.835 2.835 2.922 0.000
July 148.4 68.38 25.61 159.6 145.0 6.807 2.929 2.929 3.082 0.000
August 167.1 73.45 25.84 175.7 161.1 7.520 2.929 2.929 3.751 0.000
September 160.9 82.90 25.86 163.4 148.0 6.926 2.835 2.835 3.305 0.000
October 156.0 86.58 26.48 152.8 137.5 6.421 2.929 2.893 2.759 0.036
November 172.9 81.45 25.82 164.7 148.5 6.956 2.835 2.835 3.333 0.000
December 132.2 85.82 25.65 125.2 111.2 5.252 2.929 2.881 1.674 0.048

Year 1733.0 897.87 25.81 1756.0 1586.5 74.350 34.492 33.887 31.526 0.606

Legends: GlobHor Horizontal global irradiation GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings
DiffHor Horizontal diffuse irradiation EArray Effective energy at the output of the array
T_Amb Ambient Temperature E_User Energy supplied to the user
GlobInc Global incident in coll. plane E_Solar Energy from the sun
EUnused Unused energy (battery full, no grid injection)
EFrGrid Energy from the grid
PVSYST V6.81 30/08/21 Page 6/7

Grid-Connected System: Special graphs

Project : PLTS Driving Range Off Grid
Simulation variant : New simulation variant
Main system parameters System type Sheds on ground
Near Shadings Linear shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 10° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model HiKu-CS3W-440P MS Pnom 450 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 120 Pnom total 54.0 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Tripower 25000TL-30 25.00 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 2.0 Pnom total 50.0 kW ac
User's needs daily profile Constant over the year Global 34.5 MWh/year

Daily Input/Output diagram

350
Values from 01/01 to 31/12
300
[kWh/day]

250
Energy

200
Solar

150
Available

100

50

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Global incident in coll. plane [kWh/m².day]

System Output Power Distribution

2500
Values from 01/01 to 31/12
Bin]

2000
/
[kWh

1500
Energy
Solar

1000
Available

500

0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Available Solar Energy [kW]
PVSYST V6.81 30/08/21 Page 7/7

Grid-Connected System: Loss diagram

Project : PLTS Driving Range Off Grid
Simulation variant : New simulation variant
Main system parameters System type Sheds on ground
Near Shadings Linear shadings
PV Field Orientation tilt 10° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model HiKu-CS3W-440P MS Pnom 450 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 120 Pnom total 54.0 kWp
Inverter Model Sunny Tripower 25000TL-30 25.00 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 2.0 Pnom total 50.0 kW ac
User's needs daily profile Constant over the year Global 34.5 MWh/year

Loss diagram over the whole year

1733 kWh/m² Horizontal global irradiation

+1.3% Global incident in coll. plane

-0.04% Global incident below threshold

-5.81% Near Shadings: irradiance loss
-2.13% IAM factor on global
-2.00% Soiling loss factor
1587 kWh/m² * 265 m² coll. Effective irradiation on collectors
efficiency at STC = 19.94% PV conversion
83.9 MWh Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)
-0.88% PV loss due to irradiance level
-6.35% PV loss due to temperature
-2.00% LID - Light induced degradation
-1.50% Module array mismatch loss
-1.05% Ohmic wiring loss
74.3 MWh Array virtual energy at MPP

-2.06% Inverter Loss during operation (efficiency)

0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. power
0.00% Inverter Loss due to max. input current
0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. voltage
-0.01% Inverter Loss due to power threshold
0.00% Inverter Loss due to voltage threshold
72.8 MWh Available Energy at Inverter Output

-1.00% Auxiliaries (fans, other)

-1.45% AC ohmic loss

-2.26% Battery IN, charger loss

Stored Direct use
55.3% 44.7% Battery Storage
-2.69% Battery global loss
(4.96% of the battery contribution)
-3.19% Battery OUT, inverter loss

grid
consumption -48.20% Unused energy (battery full, no grid injection)
0.4%
of time

0.6 MWh 33.9 MWh User: from solar and from Grid

to user to user
from grid from solar