IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol.

3, Issue 01, 2015 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613

Energy and Exergy Analysis of Thermal Power Plant: A Case Study of

DCM Shriram Ltd
Parmar Hitendra1 Ketan N Jambu2
1
P.G. Student 2Assistant Professor
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering
1
LDRP-ITR, Gandhinagar India 2BITS Edu Campus, Vadodara
Abstract— In this paper energy and exergy analysis method
for thermal power plant and analysis carried out on 55 MW
coal base thermal power plant of DCM – Shriram Ltd. In the
present, increasing demand of power has made the power
plants of scientific interest, but majority of the power plants
are designed by the energetic performance criteria based on
first law of thermodynamics only. The first law of
thermodynamics does not give all the ideas about the useful
energy loss because the difference between the quality and
quantity cannot be justified by it. In the energy analysis we
can presents only quantitative results while in exergy
analysis one can presents qualitative results about actual
energy consumption. In this analysis it is shown that exergy Fig. 1: Sources Electricity Graph
efficiency is less at each and every point of power plant‟s
component compare to energy efficiency. It also presents II. ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS
major losses of available energy at combustor, super heater, A. Energy Analysis:
economizer and air-pre heater section. In this article it is
1) Energy Analysis for Boiler:
also shown energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, exergy
Ein = mfhf + mpahpa + msahsa
destruction and energy losses comparison charts.
Eout = mghg + msghsg
Key words: Energy, Exergy, Entropy, Analysis
∆E = Ein - Eout
ηI= Eout / Ein
I. INTRODUCTION Where, Ein=Energy enter to the combustion chamber
In the power generation sectors the energy consumption and Eout = Energy exit from the combustion chamber
its conservation are the most critical factors to be optimized. ∆E = Energy loss,
In the India comparing with all other sources of power ηI = First law efficiency
production coal is the main source of the power production. mpa= Mass of primary air
Around 58.75% of the power generation is from coal based hpa = Enthalpy of primary air,
power plants of the total installed capacity. Natural gas msa = Mass of secondary air,
contribute around 8.91%, Nuclear and oil contribute around hsa = Enthalpy of secondary air
2.11% and 0.52%.The share of coal and petroleum is mf = Mass of fluid
expected to be around 66.8% in the total commercial energy hf = Enthalpy of fluid
produced. The share of crude oil in production and mg = Mass of flue gas
consumption is expected to be around 6.7% and 23% by hg = Enthalpy of flue gas
2021-22 Ease of use. 2) Energy Analysis for Air Pre Heater:
One of the indicators which show the development Ein = mcp (∆T) aph
and living standards a community is Energy Consumption. Eout = mpa (∆hpao - ∆hpai) + msa (∆hsao - ∆hsai)
The overall performance of any power plant can be ∆E = Ein - Eout
measured through energetic performance criteria which are ηI= Eout / Ein
based on First law of thermodynamic. It is a simple energy Where, (∆T)aph = Flue gas temperature difference in Air
balance without taking into account the quality of energy Preheater
used. Exergetic analysis, based on second law of cp = Specific heat of flue gas
thermodynamics, takes in to account the energy quality. The 3) Energy Analysis for Economizer:
energetic and exergetic analysis will provide a complete Ein = mcp (∆T) eco
picture to enhance the overall plant‟s efficiency. Eout = mfw (∆hfwo - ∆hfwi)
∆E = Ein - Eout
ηI= Eout / Ein
Where, mfw = Mass of feed water
hfw = Enthalpy of feed water
4) Energy Analysis for Super Heater:
Ein = mcp (∆T)sh
Eout = msh (∆hsao - ∆hshi)
∆E = Ein - Eout
ηI= Eout / Ein

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 Energy and Exergy Analysis of Thermal Power Plant: A Case Study of DCM Shriram Ltd
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 01/2015/063)

5) Energy Analysis for LP Heater: Boiler(Furnace 90.5 60.8 19676.367 76614.031

Ein = mlp (∆hlpi - ∆hlpo) ) 0 0 0 5
Eout = mfw (∆hfwo - ∆hfwi) 85.8 54.5
∆E = Ein - Eout L.P. Heater 733.6201 1484.8870
1 9
ηI= Eout / Ein 91.4 70.4
Where, mlp = Mass of condensate from LP heater H.P.Heater-1 1096.1410 1434.3652
6 5
hlp= Enthalpy of condensate of LP heater 87.6 58.9
6) Energy Analysis for HP Heater: H.P.Heater-2 771.6363 1020.5055
5 5
Ein = mhp (∆hhpi - ∆hhpo) 80.6 68.0
Eout = mfw (∆hfwo - ∆hfwi) Economiser-1 2052.9062 1996.9805
6 5
∆E = Ein - Eout 82.7 64.5
ηI= Eout / Ein Economiser-2 2666.4879 3475.4749
3 7
Where, mhp = Mass of condensate from HP heater L.T. Super 98.6 42.9
hhp= Enthalpy of condensate of HP heater 180.0619 5284.9464
Heater 1 0
7) Energy Analysis for Turbine: H.T. Super 88.6 56.9
Ein = mshs 935.9488 2274.3897
Heater 5 3
Eout = WT + md hd+ mhp-1 hhp-1 + mhp-2 hhp-2 + Screen Super 94.8 63.5
mhp-1 hhp-2 + mlp hlp + mc hc 1017.1287 4764.3191
Heater 0 7
∆E = Ein - Eout
95.2 93.7
ηI= Eout / Ein Turbine
6 7
9767.7087 5269.6530
B. Exergy Analysis: 37.3 30.4
Upper APH 2710.0600 2047.9673
1) Exergy Analysis for Boiler: 5 5
Ψin = mg (hgi – Tosgi) + mpa (hpa – Tospa) + 98.3 58.3
Middle APH 115.1464 1428.7156
msa(hsa – Tossa) 3 4
∆Ψ = Ψin – Ψout 93.4 32.7
Bottom APH 142.6832 721.1365
2) Exergy Analysis for Air Pre Heater: 0 1
Ψin = mg(hgi – Tosgi) - mg(hgo – Tosgo) Additional 77.9 49.8
572.1286 510.8773
Ψin = mpa {(hpao – Tospao) - (hpai – Tospai)} + APH 6 0
msa{(hsao – Tossao) - (hsai – Tossai)} Table 3.1: Plant Results at Part Load 54 MW
∆Ψ = Ψin – Ψout The results show that at every point of the power
ηII = Ψout / Ψin plant the energy efficiency is less than the exergy efficiency.
3) Exergy Analysis for Economizer: This means the exergetic efficiency is lower than the first
Ψin = mg(hgi – Tosgi) - mg(hgo – Tosgo) low efficiency which marks that the power plant requires
Ψout = mfw{(hfwo – Tosfwo) – (hfwi – Tosfwi)} good maintenance.
∆Ψ = Ψin – Ψout
ηII = Ψout / Ψin
4) Exergy Analysis for Super Heater:
Ψin = mg(hgi – Tosgi) - mg(hgo – Tosgo)
Ψout = msup{(hsupo – Tossupo) – (hsupi – Tossupi)}
∆Ψ = Ψin – Ψout
ηII = Ψout / Ψin
5) Exergy Analysis for LP Heater:
Ψin = mlp(hlpi – Toslpi) - mlp(hlpo – Toslpo)
Ψout = mfw{(hfwo – Tosfwo) – (hfwi – Tosfwi)}
∆Ψ = Ψin – Ψout
ηII = Ψout / Ψin
6) Exergy Analysis for HP Heater: Fig. 3.1.1: Energy efficiency chart
Ψin = mhp(hhpi – Toshpi) – mlp(hhpo – Toshpo)
Ψout = mfw{(hfwo – Tosfwo) – (hfwi – Tosfwi)}
∆Ψ = Ψin – Ψout
ηII = Ψout / Ψin
7) Exergy Analysis for Turbine:
Ein = ms (hs - Toss)
Eout = md (hd - Tosd)+ mhp(hhp-1 – Toshp-1) + mhp(hhp-2 – Toshp-2)
+ mhp(hlp – Toslp) + mc(hc – Tosc)
∆E = Ein - Eout
ηI= Eout / Ein

III. RESULTS
ηI ηII ∆E ∆Ψ
Component
% % (KJ/S) (KJ/S) Fig. 3.1.2: Exergy efficiency chart

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 Energy and Exergy Analysis of Thermal Power Plant: A Case Study of DCM Shriram Ltd
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 01/2015/063)

IV. CONCLUSION
1) It has been found that the energy efficiency is higher
than the exergy efficiency.
2) Economiser-2, L.T. Super heater and Screen super
heater are also another components that contributes to
major loss of exergy in the power plant.
3) Major exergy loss occurs in the furnace (Boiler) that
means it is not adiabatic and it needs proper
combustion and the reason for the same is the
irreversibility in the combustion process. The exergy
loss can be reduced by applying proper insulation
modification in the current furnace.
4) In the heat recovery system the Economiser-1 and
Economiser-2 are the major affected components in
Fig. 3.1.3: Chart 3.1.3 Energy loss chart that way it requires proper maintenance.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author wishes to thank M/S. DCM-Shreeram Ltd.,
Bharuch-Gujarat, India for granting the permission to carry
out the work and their kind support during work.

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