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Nidhi Sathyadas
H2S , A toxic gas with rotten egg like smell is
used in the laboratory . If the solubility of H2S
in water at .987 bar is .195 m. Calculate
Henry’s law constant.
.195 m means .195 mole of H2S dissolved in 1
Kg ( 1000 g) of water.

Nidhi Sathyadas
P = KH X hydrogen sulphide
X hydrogen sulphide = nhydrogen sulphide / n hydrogen sulphide + n water
X hydrogen sulphide = .195 /( .195 + 55.5 )
= .0035
KH = .987 bar / .0035
=

Nidhi Sathyadas
An aqueous solution of 2 % non volatile solute
exerts a pressure of 1.004 bar at the normal
boiling point of the solvent. What is the
molar mass of the solute . Vapour pressure
of pure water is 1.013 bar.
2 % means 2 g of solute dissolved in 100g of
solution.
Mass of the solvent ,wA = 100g -2g = 98 g

Nidhi Sathyadas
(PA0 – PA ) / PA0 = wB x MA / MB x wA
( 1.013 bar – 1.004 bar) / 1.013 bar = 2g x 18 g mol-1 / MB x 98 g
MB =

Nidhi Sathyadas
Vapour pressure of water is 12.3 K Pa at 300 K.
Calculate the vapour pressure of 1 molal
solution of a non volatile solute in it.
1 molal means 1 mol of solute dissolved in
1000g of solvent.

Nidhi Sathyadas
(PA0 – PA ) / PA0 = nB / ( nA + nB)
( 12.3 K Pa – PA ) / 12.3K Pa = 1 mol / ( 55.5 mol + 1 mol )
K Pa represents Kilo Pascal
1- PA / 12.3 K Pa = 1 mol / 56.5 mol
1 – I mol /56.5 mol = PA / 12.3 K Pa
55.5 mol / 56.5 mol = PA / 12.3 K Pa
PA =

Nidhi Sathyadas
Calculate the mass of ascorbic acid ( molecular
mass = 176 g/ mol ) to be dissolved in 75 g of
acetic acid to lower its melting point by 1.5
degree celsius.

∆Tf = Kf x wB x 1000 / MB x wA
1.5 K = 3.9 k Kg mol-1 x wB x 1000 g Kg-1 / 176g mol-1 x 75 g
WB =

Nidhi Sathyadas
Calculate the osmotic pressure in Pascal exerted
by a solution prepared by dissolving 1gm of a
polymer of molar mass 185000 g/ mol in 450
ml of water at 37 degree celsius.
Π = wB RT / MB V
1g x 310 K x .0821 L atm K-1 mol-1 / 185000 gmol-1 x 450 x 10-3 L
π =………………..atm
Multiply the final answer with 101325 to
convert atm to Pascal

Nidhi Sathyadas
Heptane and octane form an ideal solution .At
373 K , the vapour pressure of the pure liquids
are 105.2 K Pa and 46.8 K Pa. What will be the
total pressure if 26g of heptane is mixed with
35 g of octane.

Nidhi Sathyadas
PT = PA + PB
PT = P0A XA + P0B XB

XA = ( 26 g / 100 g mol-1 ) / ( 26 g/ 100 gmol-1 + 35 g / 114

gmol-1 )
XA = .46
XB = 1 - XA
XB = 1- .46 = .54

PT = 105.2 K Pa x .46 + 46.8 K Pa x .54

Calculate the mole fraction of benzene in a
solution containing 30 % by mass in CCl4
30 % means 30 g of solute in 100 g of solution.

Mass of solvent ( CCl4 ) = 100 -30 = 70 g

X benzene = n benzene / ( n benzene + n CCl4)

n benzene = w / M = 30 g/ 78 g/mol

n CCl4 = w / M = 70 g/ 154 g/mol

X benzene = n benzene / n benzene + n CCl4

= ( 30 / 78 ) / (30/ 78 ) + ( 70 /154 )

Nidhi Sathyadas
Calculate molarity , if 30 ml of .5 M sulphuric
acid is diluted to 500 ml.

M1 V1 = M2 V2
M2 = (.5 mol/L x 30 ml ) / 500 ml
=

Nidhi Sathyadas
KH for the molality of methane in benzene is
4.27 X 105 mm of Hg. Calculate the solubility
of methane in benzene at 760 mm of Hg.

P= KH X
X = P / KH
760 mm of Hg / 4.27 x 105 mm of Hg
=
Partial pressure of ethane over a saturated
solution containing 6.56 x 10-2 g of ethane is 1
bar. If the solution contains 5 x 10-2 g ethane.
What will be the partial pressure of the gas.
P= KH X
X = P / KH
KH is constant for ethane at same temperature
P1 / X1 = P2/ X2
1 bar / 6.56 x 10-2 g = P2 / 5x 10-2 g
P2 =
Nidhi Sathyadas
Calculate m and M of KI if density of 20 % aqueous KI is
1.202 gml-1 .

20 % means 20 g of KI present in 100 g of solution

m = WB x 1000 / MB x wA
= ( 20g x 1000 g Kg-1) / 166 g mol-1 x 80 g
m=
Density of the solution = 1.202 g ml-1
Mass of the solution = 100 g
Volume of the solution = 100g / 1.202gml-1
=83.19 ml
M = WB x 1000 / MB x V
= 20 g x 1000 ml L-1 / 166 gmol-1 x 83.19 ml

Nidhi Sathyadas
Calculat the mass of urea required for preparing
2.5 Kg of .25 molal aqueous solution.

m = wB x 1000 / MB x wA
.25 mol kg-1 = wB x 1000 g Kg-1 / 60 gmol-1 x ( 2500 – wB)
WB =

Nidhi Sathyadas
Two elements A and B form compound having th
formula AB2 and AB4 . When dissolved in 20g of
benzene 1g of AB2 lowers the freezing point by
2.3 K while 1 g of AB4 lowers the freezing point by
1.3 K. Calculate the atomic mass.
KF = 5.1 K Kg mol-1

∆Tf = Kf x wB x 1000 / MB x wA
For AB2
2.3 K = (5.1 K Kg mol-1 x 1g x 1000 g kg-1 ) / ( MAB2 x
20g)
MAB2 = 110.87 g mol-1
Nidhi Sathyadas
For AB4
1.3 K =( 5.1 K kg mol-1x 1g x 1000 g Kg-1 ) / ( MAB4 x 20g )
MAB4 = 196.15 gmol-1
A + 2B = 110.87 ……………….eq 1
A + 4 B = 196.15 …………………eq 2
Eq 2 – eq 1
Then find the atomic mass of A and B

Nidhi Sathyadas
 Vapour pressure of pure benzene at a certain
temperature is .85 bar. A non volatile solid weighing
.5g when added to 39 g of benzene. Vapour pressure
of the solution is then .845 bar. What is the molar
mass of the solid substance ?

WB = mass of solute = .5g

MB= molecular mass of solute = ?
MA = molecular mass of solvent ( benzene ) = 78 g/mol
WA = mass of the solvent ( benzene)= 39 g
(solution ) vapour pressure = PA= .845 bar
(Pure liquid ) vapour pressure = .85 bar = P0 A

Nidhi Sathyadas
 P0 A = .85 bar , wB = .5g , PA = .845 bar ,
MA = 78 g/mol ,wA = 39g

( P0A - PA) / P0A = (WB x MA) / (MB x WA)

( .85 bar - .845 bar) / .85 bar = .5g x 78 g/ mol / MB x 39g

MB = ………….g /mol

Nidhi Sathyadas
The boiling point of benzene is 353.23 K. When 1.8 g
of a non volatile solute was dissolved in 90g of
benzene , the boiling point is raised to 354.11k.
Calculate the molar mass of the solute. Kb=for
benzene is 2.53 k Kg /mol. ( eg 2.8)

T0b = 353.23 K , wB = 1.8g , wA = 90g , Tb = 354.11 k,

Kb = 2.53 k kg / mol

Tb = kb x wB x 1000 / MB x wA
Tb = Tb - T0b

Nidhi Sathyadas
 Tb = 354.11 k – 353.23 k
= .88k
.88 k = (2.53 k kg /mol x 1.8 g x 1000 g/ kg) /MB x 90 g
MB = ………… g/mol

Nidhi Sathyadas
2g of a non volatile solute is dissolved in 25 g of
benzene shows depression in freezing point
equal to 1.62K . Molal depression constant for
benzene is 4.9 K Kg / mol. Calculate the molar
mass of the non volatile solute.

WB = 2g , WA = 25 g , Tf = 1.62 K

Kf = 4.9 K Kg / mol

Nidhi Sathyadas
 Tf = kf x wB x 1000 / MB x wA
1.62 K = (4.9 K Kg / mol ) x 2g x (1000 g / kg) / MB x 25 g

MB = ……………g /mol

Nidhi Sathyadas
18g of glucose is dissolved in 1kg of water in
saucepan. At what temperature will water boil
at 1.013 bar. Kb for water is . 52 K Kg / mol.

∆ Tb = Kb x wB x 1000 / MB x wA

∆ Tb = (.52 K Kg / mol x 18 g x 1000 g/Kg ) / (180 g/mol x 1000g)

∆ Tb = .052 K

Nidhi Sathyadas
Since water boils at 373. 15 K at 1.013 bar, the
boiling point of the solution will be
∆ Tb = Tb – Tb0

.052 = Tb – 373.15 K

Nidhi Sathyadas
200 Cm3 of an aqueous solution of a
protein contains 1.26 g of protein. The
osmotic pressure of such a solution at 300
k is found to be 2.57 x 10-3 bar .Calculate
the molar mass of protein. ( eg - 2.11 )
V = 200 Cm3 = . 2 L , wB = 1.26 g
= 2.57 x 10-3 bar , T =300 k
1000 Cm3 = 1L
1 Cm3 = 1 / 1000

200 Cm3 = 200 / 1000 = . 2 L

 = WB .R .T / MB .V

MB = wB . R . T / V

MB = 1.26 g x ( .0831 L bar K-1 mol-1) x 300 K / (2.57 x 10-3 bar x .2 L

= …………… g / mol

Nidhi Sathyadas
If nitrogen is bubbled through water at 293K, how
many moles of nitrogen gas would dissolve in 1 litre
of water. Assume that nitrogen exerts a partial
pressure of .987 bar. Given that Henry’s law constant
for nitrogen at 293 K is 76.48 K bar.

The solubility of gas is related to mole fraction.

According to Henry’s law
p = KH . X nitrogen
X nitrogen = p / KH
= .987 bar / 76.48 K bar = 1.29 x 10-5

Nidhi Sathyadas
 X nitrogen= nnitrogen / ( nnitrogen + nwater)

1 L water = 1000 ml = 1000g = 55.5 moles

Reason

density of water =mass of water / volume of water

1g/ml = mass of water / 1000 ml
mass of water = 1000 g

nwater = given weight / molecular mass

= 1000 g / (18 g/mol)
= 55.5 mol
 Xnitrogen = nnitrogen / ( nnitrogen + nwater)

= nnitrogen in the denominator is neglected

as it is <<< 55.5.
Xnitrogen = nnitrogen / nwater
1.29 x 10-5
= nnitrogen / 55.5

nnitrogen = ……………mol
Nidhi Sathyadas