INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS

By
Zakiah Muhlis
1926042011

Mechatronics is a new word that was born in Japan in the early 1970s which is
a combination of two words namely "mechanics" and "electroinics". Nowadays,
mechatronic items such as robots, NC lathes, digital cameras, printers, and so on are
found and found. All of these goods are mechatronic goods. The equation of this
mechatronic item is that the object being controlled is machine movement. When we are
compared to conventional machine movements, the machine movements are more
flexible and have more intelligence. This is possible because it utilizes the advances in
micro-electronics science and technology.
Microelectronics is a technology for making electrical circuits and devices in
small sizes. That is, with the help of microelectronics the machine can move more
intelligently. If someone gives an order, then all can be submitted to a machine that can
move automatically. This really helps create a machine or tool that is practical and easy
to use. Sehigga, human resources such as time and brain can be used for other work,
so as to create added value.
Initially, the term Mechatronik (Mechanical Egineering-Electronic Egineering)
was first introduced in 1969 by Japanese companies as mentioned above by Yaskawa
Electric Cooperation. Initially developed in the field of Feinwerktechnik, which is a
branch of engineering that puts forward aspects of accuracy. For example in watch
making, optical devices and so on. Then added after the emergence of Informatics as a
new scientific discipline. Until now it is seen as the relationship between Mechanical,
Electronic and Informatic sciences. In the future, mechatronic applications will be used
in almost all fields, such as
Automotive, CD players, space stations or production facilities. Mechatronics
was categorized by Technology Review Magazine in 2003 as 10 technologies that can
change our lives in the near future.
Mechatronics is a technology or engineering that combines technology about
machinery, electronics, and informatics to design, produce, operate and maintain
systems to achieve the stated objectives.
As it is understood from the definition, mechatronics is a combination of
scientific and technological disciplines of mechanical engineering, electrical
engineering, informatics engineering, and control engineering. In the beginning, there
was specifically no mechatronic science and technology discipline. To combine some of
the science and technology disciplines, mechatronics requires control theory and
system theory.
Narrow understanding of mechatronics leads to numerical control technology,
which is technology to control the mechanism of using an actuator to achieve certain
goals by monitoring information on the condition of the machine's motion using sensors,
and entering that information into the micro-processor. This contributes to spectacular
progress when compared to automatic control using analog instruments, because it can
change control scenarios flexibly and can have high-level decision making functions.
From various notions of mechatronics, an understanding of mechatronics is
tried, namely the integration of mechanical and electronic systems that are controlled by
computers and utilized in products and production processes. Nowadays, mechatronics
has been considered as a separate field, although it is inseparable from the relationship
of various others.
Mechatronics refers to an integrated approach to the field of multi-disciplinary
principles involving mechanical engineering, electronics, and computer science. Iranian
applications in this field are numerous, from Iranian manufacturing automation to
"smart" product design. Japanese deity graduates are able to modernize the ability of
older principle technologies to take products and manufacturing to the next level.
Similar but not the same. artificial intelligence studies Mechatronics but
Mechatronics doesn't necessarily understand the field of artificial intelligence. artificial
intelligence includes programming / software / Artificial Intelligence to build the in
operation system / brain principle to move the golem, while Mechatronics specifically
studies the mechanism of movement (mechanics), electronics and Iranian automation of
a tool / system or golem itself.
 The Indonesian mechatronics community is a professional organization
engaged in the field of mechatronics consisting of researchers, academics,
practitioners, and students who are interested in the field of mechatronics which
includes mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, informatics engineering,
telecommunications engineering and control engineering.
Mechatronics Engineering competence is worship one competency
(department) principle is relatively new at the vocational level. Not many principle
schools open this expertise program. Broadly speaking, this mechatronics engineering
competency is an Iranian slice of several expertise competencies namely Electronic
Engineering, Industrial Electronics, and Machining Engineering. So that the Iranian
competency aspect is also a combination of the three Iranian expertise competencies
namely students can master the competence in the field of electronics, the field of
industrial control (automation), and also competence in the machining field.
From its own name "Mechatronics" is a combination of Iranian Mechanics and
Electronics. However, in the Iranian expertise competency hierarchy, the Directorate of
Vocational Training in Mechatronics Engineering Competency is in the Electronic
Engineering cluster with code 066 along with Industrial Electronic Engineering and
Audio Video Engineering.
In Mechatronics Engineering competencies there are half-dozen Basic Skills
Competencies (DKK) and sixteen Vocational Competency Standards (KK). Iranian a
number of DKK and KK can be classified into several groups, namely: Basic
Electronics, Basic Control Systems, Pneumatic & amp; Hydraulics, Basic Mechanical
engineering, and basic machining.
This expertise competency is a Kwa principle expertise competency that
continues to develop because the development of science in the field of mechatronics
or other fields of principle supporting the competency of this expertise is growing very
rapidly. Moreover, with the rapid development of the industrial world the principle is
increasingly high technology and automation based mostly technology so as to open up
great opportunities for principle students to take competence in Mechatronics
Engineering expertise.
 Mechatronics or Mechatronics in Indonesia is not widely known by ordinary
people, many are asking what is done by the Department in Mechatronics. Because
there are only 1 school in Jakarta that provides Mechatronics, precisely in Pluit, namely
SMK N 56 JAKARTA or STM 12 Pluit (Old School Name), and this School is the most
complete Mechatronics equipment, for example Pneumatic, Electro Pneumatic,
Hydraulic, Electro Hydraulic, Sensor Hydraulic .
At first, mechatronics was only directed at 3 targets, namely: energy saving
(energy saving), dimension reduction and weight relief and increased reliability. Now,
more than 30 years have passed since his birth, it is necessary to reformulate the
direction of the mechatronics in accordance with the changing times. And especially for
Indonesia as a developing country with a myriad of problems, it seems that the direction
of mechatronics needs to be determined in order to help solve existing problems while
still paying attention to the regional and global environment.
There are several benefits obtained from the application of mechatronics. The
first is to increase flexibility. The biggest benefit that can be obtained from the
application of mechatronics is to increase the flexibility of the machine by adding new
functions, the majority of which are contributed by the micro-processor. For example,
industrial robot arms can do various types of work by changing software programs on
their micro-processors as well as human arms. This is a major factor in enabling the
production process of various types of products with small amounts.
The second benefit is increasing reliability. In conventional machines (manual)
various problems arise due to various types of friction in the mechanism used such as:
obsolescence, touch problems, vibration and noise. The use of these machines requires
a lot of facilities and operators to prevent the occurrence of these problems.
By applying a semiconductor switch for example, the problems caused by the
touch can be minimized thereby increasing reliability. In addition, by using engine
components as motion controllers, the level of precision and speed has reached the
saturation line which is difficult to lift again.
By applying digital control and electronic technology, the level of precision of
the machine and the speed of the machine's motion can be raised even higher to a
certain extent. This limit, for example, is the rigidity of the engine which prevents higher
speeds due to vibrations. This gave rise to a new challenge, namely to create an engine
system that has an engine rigidity that prevents higher speeds due to vibrations. This
gave birth to a new challenge, namely to create a machine system that has a higher
reliability. Mechatronic structure can be divided into 2 worlds, namely the world of
mechanics and the world of electronics.
The development of mechatronics at present gives a good influence. In modern
times like this there must be many who know mechatronics and its benefits in the world
of Mechanical, Electronic and Informatics. In the future, mechatronic applications will be
used in almost all fields, such as Automotive, CD Players, Space Stations or in
production facilities etc. We can see the country of Japan which is famous for its
technology which is also dubbed as the rising sun which creates a lot of mechatronics
ranging from simple devices to even robot-shaped. Even robots that look like humans
are designed to lighten humans.
Not only in the present, we can see the development of mechatronics in the
future along with the rapid development of the electronics world. One example is that
we compare several examples of future products, such as cell phones. Cell phone
(cellphone) that you have now with a myriad of features provided by the manufacturer,
its size is getting smaller but the ability is cool If we flash-back to cellphones a few years
ago, especially when the cellphone first "plague" in Indonesia , of course it can be seen
how great the development of electronics owned by the cellphone. In addition, the
development of mobile hardware is also accompanied by the development of the
device's software. The ease of use of these devices, touch screen technology, image
capture through high-resolution cameras, movie shooting through video mode, and
more.
Besides cell phones, we can also see examples of future mechatronics
developments in automotive technology. Otomotiv technology, which used ignition
technology to use a distributor (the term car repair shop, platinum) is now no longer
used. Considering the multi-national energy crisis and the globally promulgated green-
world program and the threat of global warming, automakers are competing to use fuel-
efficient or fuel-efficient technology through a controlled electronic fuel consumption
control system that is adjusted to the needs depending on the position of the piston in
engine (cam-shaft monitoring). The term ECU (Electronic Control Unit) is a new item in
today's vehicles that ensures efficient use of fuel, perfect ignition control, driver and
passenger comfort, and others.
Currently the control of mechanical systems is almost entirely carried out using
electronic control systems and most of them use computers. An example is a car
engine. Formerly the combustion system that occurred in the cylinder was controlled
completely mechanically. A lot of fuel and air are arranged directly from the pedals via a
cable relay in comparable proportions
previously set. The open and closed valves are mechanically regulated using the
camshaft depending on the position of the piston.
Currently there are a lot of sensors involved in the car's combustion system,
including the crankshaft speed and position sensors, air temperature and fuel
temperature sensors, and sensors on the gas pedal. All information from the sensor is
processed by a computer control system called the Engine Control Unit to be used to
adjust the time and size of the valve opening and fuel-air ratio which can be adjusted to
the condition of the engine or driver.
In the car there are also various other systems that currently implement
mechatronic systems, namely automatic transmission systems, active suspension
systems, anti-lock braking systems (ABS) systems, air conditioner systems, as well as
speed displays, engine level and fuel level. In addition to motorized vehicles,
mechatronics is also applied to various things among other things:
a. Sensor / transducer designer
b. Household and office equipment: washing machines, debut suction machines,
digital scales, micarowave, remote control, coffee makers, HVAC systems,
cameras, coffee machine and many more
c. Various devices on the computer: mouse, printer. Disk drive, CD ROM drive,
keyboard.
d. Aviation world: Fly by Wire (FBW) cutting down aircraft
e. Medical and laboratory equipment
f. Industry: monitoring and control of various industrial equipment
g. Robotics field
 The main components in a mechatronic system are sensors, actuators, and
controllers. Sensors are used to detect variables on the system. Actuators function to
act on a controlled system.
The era of the industrial revolution 4.0 is now beginning to penetrate in various
strategic industries throughout the world, including Indonesia. This form of revolution
cannot be separated from the rapid development of the digital world and information
technology. That matter
of course also influenced by the mastery of technology by qualified human resources.
The need for an intelligent manufacturing process is driving a paradigm shift for
related academics and practitioners. Now, the industry is not just the design and use of
equipment, but also the integration of manufacturing technology with software and
information systems. Therefore, industry experts are required to master various
scientific disciplines, such as control engineering and computer engineering that rely on
digital technology.
Mechatronics is an amalgamation of Mechanical and Electronic mechanical
science associated with Information Technology. This field of science originated from
Japan and was coined by the Yasakawa company. Initially, this science was specialized
in the field of Feikwerktechnik, a branch that prioritizes accuracy as in optical
equipment. As the times evolved, this knowledge was expanded to more complex and
modern machines, especially in the world of informatics.
Mechatronic Mechanical Engineering applications itself can be found in
everyday life such as copiers, automatic doors, anti-lock breaking systems, and so on.
In the industrial field, Mechatronic Engineering engineers develop it into integrated
machines to process a product from raw materials into finished goods.
As explained earlier, the Department of Mechatronics addresses the
challenges of industry needs in the current development. Graduates are prepared to
become engineers or experts in the manufacture of industrial machinery, office
buildings, mine processing systems, and so on.
Some formal and informal educational institutions, ranging from the Training
Centers, secondary education, academies and universities now offer training and
education programs in the field of mechatronics by opening the study program. This is
the beginning of us The Indonesian people show our readiness to accept, study and
finally master mechatronics.

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