Trisha Gwyneth M.

Epino
STEM12A5

LESSON 1: Background of the Problem

LET’S WARM-UP
T/N: Getting hyped in starting to write your research? Try dealing with this activity first. This will help
you recall your lessons regarding introduction. Answers will be revealed as you progress on this lesson.
Directions: Write the elements of a proper introduction using the graphic organizer below.

LET’S PRACTICE
Task 1
Directions: Before you head out on creating your introduction, read and understand the sample
introduction below first. Then, you need to identify the different parts of introduction through encircling
the paragraph/s and labelling which part they correspond to. This will help you prepare on creating your
own introduction on the succeeding tasks.

Rationale Setting of
Introduction Literature
of the the Foundation
Problem problem of the Study

Seriousness of General
the Chosen Research
Problem Objectives

General
Purpose of
the Problem

*Note: I used colors instead of encircling it to easily identify the elements in the given sample
introduction.
The color Dark Red is the Rationale
The underlined one is the Setting
The color Red is the Literature Foundation
The color Orange is the Seriousness of the study
The color Light Blue is the General Research Objective
The Color Green is the General Purpose

Problems of State Universities and Colleges’ Middle Level Managers: A Basis for the Development
of a Management Intervention Program (Muello, 2002)

Since time immemorial, conflict has been a natural part of human existence. It exists on many
levels and takes many different forms. It is an inevitable part of organizational life.
Although conflict is natural and unavoidable, it is important that administrators learn to manage
conflict effectively and turn it toward a constructive end. When properly handled, it does not disrupt the
normal operation of the organization. At its intense level, however, conflicts may lead to more radical
measures of reform like strikes, mass leave of absence, and even unwanted unionism. Therefore,
managers need to understand the nature and cause of conflict. Managers need to analyze what the conflict
is, where it comes from, and how it develops and dissipates.
Managers must understand that conflict is an almost constant and continuous process (Himoc,
1989). By sound planning and action management, leaders can constantly direct the energies of conflict
into productive and creative channels of related endeavors. These perspectives on conflict give the
manager additional roles like that of a referee and a counselor who help the protagonist reach an
acceptable solution. They act as motivators who direct human energies towards organizational goals.
Ultimately, this educational experience of resolving conflict could provide the managers deeper insights
into, and a greater understanding of the goals of the organization, vis-à-vis the interests and needs of their
subordinates. The feedback on conflicts may serve as clues in potential problem analysis, and enhance the
development of measures to minimize conflict and maximize smooth interpersonal relationship.
Today’s educational leaders are faced with more changes, more conflicts, and more pressures
than in any other decades in the 20th century (Gmelch, 1981). This is largely due to the substantial
increases in their responsibilities. Many factors have also contributed to the broader code and expanded
amount of works that leaders need to fulfill. Among such factors are the tremendous increases in the
school population and additional job requirements necessitated by many educational innovations. Not
only are they expected to continue their traditional duties such as planning and overall school
organization, but they are also asked to give personal leadership and inspiration. Leaders are expected to
actively engage in establishing educational programs and in developing good teachers’ morale. Thus, it
has become exceedingly important that school administrators and teachers understand and are prepared to
meet the many responsibilities inherent to their position. Thus, time management becomes exceedingly
important for managers to efficiently attend to their duties and avoid conflicts (Muello, 2002).
The researcher, being a manager, will surely be personally benefitted from the results of this
study which generally aims to analyze the common problems encountered by middle level managers in
state universities and colleges in Region IV which in turn will be utilized as the basis for proposing a
management intervention program.

LET’S DO IT
Task 2
Directions: Get a copy of your research introduction from your previous researches or from the
internet. Write the parts that corresponds to the following questions: Make sure to cite the research
and author. (Your answers should be at least 3 to 5 sentences)

KOREAN CULTURE/HALLYU: A STUDY ON ITS IMPACT TO THE LIFESTYLE

OF MODERN YOUTH (Bolaños, Epino, Laudit and Lucero, 2020)

1. What is the rationale of the problem?

The idea that South Korean pop culture has grown in prominence to become a driver of global
culture, seen in everything from Korean dramas on Netflix to Korean skincare regimens dominating the
cosmetics industry to delicious Korean tacos on your favorite local menu. And at the heart of Hallyu is
the ever-growing popularity of K-pop — short, of course, for Korean pop music. Nowadays, the
generation or modern youths are influence by Korean Culture. Hallyu have spread globally, teenagers
adapting and being influence by South Korea's cultural economy exporting pop culture, entertainment,
music, TV dramas, and movies. Until now, there are a lot of people who are into Hallyu.

2. What is the setting of the problem?

The setting of this study is selected junior high school students and senior high school students of
Quezon National High School.

3. What is the basic literature foundation of the study? At least one.

Based on the study of Laura Sheer (2018), more than any other generation to date, Gen Z kids are
the keepers of their brand, spending hours each day on social media. Living life online and in multiple
social spaces is just what they did, and how this affects adult's thinking. Moreover, " The sheer level of
media consumption on the part of her cohort is creating a much more conscientious and aware
generation." Since the modern youth is more into technology, they tend to explore the world of social
media, like sites about Korea.

4. How serious is the chosen problem?

Since the usage of mobile gadgets has spread out worldwide due to modernization that increased
the chances of people knowing the world outside and more than just the country/community they lived.
The modern generation constantly fed with new information had adapted and had learned different
knowledge and cultures. Although out of most cultures, people seem to be more interested in the culture
of Korea and much willing to adapt to their trends, this is because Korea has been known worldwide due
to its entertainment industry which garnered fans worldwide.

5. What is the general objective of the problem?

The researchers aim to know the impact of Korean Culture on the lifestyle of the modern youth.
Moreover, to assess how Korean Culture/Hallyu influences the lifestyle of the students or modern youth.
Furthermore, to explore the effects of Hallyu on the students in Quezon National High School.
6. What is the overall purpose of the problem?
This study will give knowledge about Hallyu/Korean Culture, its impact on the students, and the
ongoing trend of modern youth.
Task 3 (BY GROUP)
Directions: With the knowledge gained from the lesson, formulate your own research introduction based
from your created title. (Your group will submit an introduction of your research but make sure that
all of the questions below will be answered)

NOTE: This task is optional. YOU DO NOT HAVE TO ANSWER the task since you will have to write
an introduction, BUT YOU CAN.

Research Title: Effects of Online Learning on Teacher-Student Communication during the COVID-19
Pandemic as Perceived by STEM 12 Teachers and STEM12A4 Students of Manuel S. Enverga University
Foundation

1. What is the rationale of the problem?

Nowadays, citizens are staying indoors due to the lockdown policy implemented by the
government. In the academic context, most nations around the world have temporarily closed educational
institutions to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic (UNESCO, 2020). However, learning
should not halt. To sustain and provide quality education despite lockdown and community quarantine,
the new normal should be taken into consideration in the planning and implementation of the “new
normal educational policy” (Tria, 2020).

2. What is the setting of the problem?

Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation.
3. What is the basic literature foundation of the study?
WEB instruction advantage is that students tend to communicate more frequently with teachers
and classmates than they otherwise would person-to-person or with ever-present e-mail systems alone.
Several apparent advantages for this include (1) it can be done at any time of day or night when a
question arises during study or they are having a problem with an assignment, (2) less embarrassment
resides in asking the questions in class, and (3) contact is made without fear of bothering the professor
because communication will be seen only when they are ready to be “bothered”. An additional advantage
for both student and instructor is that online learning is teaching students the educational value of the
Internet. This is important because the Internet presumably will be a major asset during their lifelong
learning, or continuing education, after leaving the university. (Mann, 1998).
4. How serious is the chosen problem?
Teachers reaching out to students in an online environment requires a little more thought and
planning than communicating with students in the traditional environment because the online
environment lacks body language. A current disadvantage is that if neither the teacher nor the student
pushes the communication or expresses their expectations, both parties may stay silent. Students
sometimes feel they are taking up too much of a teacher’s time with frequent communications. Teachers
may assume that a child who doesn’t ask many questions is uninterested or doesn’t have any issues to
address. It’s up to the teacher to set forth his/her expectations and preferred methods of communication
(Mohannad, 2020).

5. What is the general objective of the problem?

The researchers aim to identify the Effects of Online Learning on Teacher-Student
Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic as Perceived by STEM 12 Teachers and STEM12A4
Students of Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation that discuss the sudden change of learning mode
due to the coronavirus outbreak where both parties are new to this kind of interaction since this new mode
of learning was introduced. Furthermore, the researchers also aim to know the effects of online learning
and possible solutions to improve the communication between teachers and students amidst the
difficulties caused by the pandemic.

6.What is the overall purpose of the problem?

This study will give awareness and knowledge about the effects of online learning on Teacher-
Student communication during the COVID-19 pandemic and how to improve it.

LESSON 2 : Statement of the Problem and Hypothesis/Assumptions

LET’S WARM-UP
T/N: As you progress for your background of the study, test out your knowledge about statement of the
problem and hypothesis first. Check out your answer through the discussion that follows.
Directions: Identify the word or term being described in each statement. Write your answer on the space
provided before each number.

Research Problem 1. This pertains to the specific issues needed to be addressed in the study.
Central Questions 2. These are the most general question which can be asked in a qualitative research.
Assumption 3. It refers to the statement which is anticipated by the researcher to be the findings of the
study.
Specific Research Question 4. A type of research question which is usually enumerated and asks for a
more detailed question.
Alternative Hypothesis 5. A type of hypothesis which always affirm the relationship of the variables in
the study.

LET’S PRACTICE
Task 1
Directions: You need to identify whether the problem statement is a general or specific research question.
Write GRQ for general research question or SRQ for specific research question.

GRQ 1. This study aims to describe the lived experiences of the working senior high school students.
GRQ 2. The major goal of this study is to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-
being of the TAGS students.
SRQ 3. What is the meaning of intrapersonal competencies?
SRQ 4. The objective of this study ethnographic study is to differentiate the customs and traditions of the
indigenous students and the local of Lucena enrolled in Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation.
SRQ 5. What proportion of ABM male and female students buys on online shops?

Task 2
Directions: Write a sample assumption or hypothesis to which it is applicable. You may write N/A to the
concept, if it is not applicable.

Research Topic: Effects of Online Shopping on the Power Expense of ABM Students

Hypothesis
Ho: There is no significant relationship between online shopping on ABM students.
Ha: There is a significant relationship between online shopping on ABM students.
Assumption:
Online shopping affects the Power Expense of ABM students.

Research Topic: Language Competencies of the Avid K-Drama Fan among the HUMSS Strand Students

Hypothesis
Ho: There is no significant relationship between K-Drama and HUMMS Students.
Ha: There is a significant relationship between K-Drama and HUMMS Students.
Assumption:
Being an avid K-Drama Fan affects the learning competencies of HUMMS Students.

LET’S DO IT
Task 3
Directions: Below are sample research topics which you will formulate problem statements with. You
need to write one general research question and 3 specific research questions for each of the given
research topic.

Research Topic: Effects of Online Shopping on the Power Expense of ABM Students

General Research Question: What are the effects of Online Shopping on the Power Expense of ABM
Students?

Specific Research Questions:

1. What online shopping platform do you use?
2. How does Online Shopping affect the Power Expense of ABM Students?
3. How do ABM Students surpass the negative effects of Online Shopping on their Power Expenses?

Research Topic: Language Competencies of the Avid K-Drama Fan among the HUMSS Strand Students

General Research Question: What are the Language Competencies of HMMS Students who are avid K-
Drama Fan?

Specific Research Questions:

1. What are the effects of K-drama on HUMMS Students?
2. How does being an avid K-Drama fan affect the language competencies of HMMS students?
3. Does being a K-Drama fan help the language proficiency of the HUMMS Students?

Task4 (BY GROUP)

Directions: You are now ready in writing your own statement of the problem and hypothesis or
assumption for your chosen strand-related study. Fill up the needed information below. (Your group will
submit your specific research questions)

NOTE: This task is optional. YOU DO NOT HAVE TO ANSWER the task, BUT YOU CAN.

Research Title: Effects of Online Learning on Teacher-Student Communication during the COVID-19
Pandemic as Perceived by STEM 12 Teachers and STEM12A4 Students of Manuel S. Enverga University
Foundation

Statement of the Problem

General Research Question: The study aims to identify the Effects of Online Learning on Teacher-
Student Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic as Perceived by STEM 12 Teachers and
STEM12A4 Students of Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation. Online Learning pertains to the
education that takes place over the Internet.

Specific Research Question:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Age:
1.2 Sex:
1.3 Device/s used for communication:
1.3.1 laptop
1.3.2 tablet
1.3.3 cellular phone
1.3.4 smartphone
1.3.5 telephone
1.4 Application/s used for communication
1.4.1 Facebook
1.4.2 Messenger
 1.4.3 Zoom meeting
1.4.4 Google meet
1.4.5 Email
1.4.6 Messages
1.4.7 Google Classroom
2. How does online learning due to the pandemic affect the communication between students and
teachers?
3. How can communication between teachers and students be improved amidst the difficulties caused by
a global pandemic?

LET’S THRIVE
Directions: After recalling your knowledge about the lesson, let me see your own understanding of those
discussed topic. Using your own words, answer the following questions.

1. What is the importance of writing hypothesis or assumptions in a research study?

Writing hypotheses or assumptions is significant, especially when formulating quantitative types
of research with correlational, quasi-experimental, and experimental studies. It helps us determine the
relationship between the variables of our study. It serves as a basis for the findings of our research that
can use for data analysis. It also helps us predict the conclusion of our research failure and progress.

2. Is there a need for identifying the general research question from specific research question? Justify
your answer.
Yes, there is a need for identifying the general research question from a specific research
question. You need to read your study and the related studies of your research to have a general research
question that serves as a foundation of the specific research question. It will enable you to understand and
determine the research questions.

3. What is the function of a research problem?

When we say research problem, it means from the word itself is the problem of your research that
you needed to study. The function of the research problem is to formulate a problem statement or
statement of the problem.

4. Does knowing the type of research to be conducted matter in crafting your research questions? Why or
why not?
Yes, knowing the type of research to be conducted matters in crafting research questions because
those types of research have different formats and structures in formulating the research questions.

LESSON 3: Research Framework

LET’S WARM-UP
T/N: You are now on your research framework. Recall your previous research in able to guide you
construct your research framework for the subject.
Directions: Using your previous research studies you have conducted, provide the required information
below.

1. Research Title: Korean Culture/Hallyu: A Study on its Impact to the Lifestyle of Modern Youth

2. Theory title/s: The Korean Wave and the Impasse of Theory

3. Theorists: Peter Yoonsuk Paik

4. Premise of the theory/theories: South Korean popular culture has achieved startling success
across much of the globe during the past decade. The first transnational form of popular culture
that is not the legacy of an imperial project, the efforts to understand the significance of the
“Korean wave” have been hampered by dominant scholarly approaches in the humanities that are
not capable of grasping both its emergence and its appeal. The modern youth had been already
into the Korean Culture and because of this, it affects the lifestyle of modern youth.

LET’S PRACTICE
Task 1 (BY GROUP)
Directions: Research on theories that are relevant to your proposed study. Then, provide the required
information below. (Your group will submit your research framework)

NOTE: This task is optional. YOU DO NOT HAVE TO ANSWER the task, BUT YOU CAN.

Proposed Study: Effects of Online Learning on Teacher-Student Communication during the COVID-19
pandemic as Perceived by STEM 12 Teachers and STEM12A4 Students of Manuel S. Enverga University
Foundation
1. Theory Title: Behaviorism theory
Theorist/s: Jhon B. Watson
Premise of the theory: Behaviorism focuses on the idea that all behaviors are learned through
interaction with the environment. This learning theory states that behaviors are learned from the
environment, and says that innate or inherited factors have very little influence on behavior.

2. Theory Title: Constructivism theory

Theorist/s: Jean Piaget
Premise of the theory: Constructivism is the theory that says learners construct knowledge rather than
just passively take in information. As people experience the world and reflect upon those experiences,
they build their own representations and incorporate new information into their pre-existing knowledge
(schemas).

LET’S DO IT
Task (BY GROUP)
Directions: Now, discuss the relationship of each theory to your proposed study. (YOUR GROUP CAN
HAVE THE SAME ANSWERS BASED ON YOUR RESEARCH FRAMEWORK)
1. Theory’s relationship to the present study: The applications of technologies towards education is a
theory to our present study. Students are more in depth with technology rather than books rather than
their traditional way of learning. Technologies is our way today of learning and, in this theory, it
believes that student should have a good and effective connection with gadgets. For them to easily
cope up with new set up of learning. The students find it difficult but with the help of technologies
their education has given a chance to fulfill it, even though they are using the new platform of way of
studying.

2. Theory’s relationship to the present study: In the application of distance learning students are facing
on an online platform wherein they would attend online classes via zoom, somehow students struggle
to learn inside their virtual classroom. This theory proposed that teachers/instructors must provide an
environment with healthy communication for students to learn and grow more efficiently.

LET’S THRIVE
Directions: Identify the word or term being described in each statement. Write your answer on the space
provided before each number.

Conceptual Framework 1. This framework provides a researcher the guide in synthesizing the different
theories used in formulating a new one.
Research Framework 2. It requires a strong framework to establish its general feasibility.
IPO (input- process- output) 3. This paradigm is used when the research seeks to discuss a factor or a
major variable that causes a problem, phenomenon, or transformation in the subject.
Theoretical Framework 4. This framework is formulated from existing theories and serves as the
foundation of the study.
Theory 5. It is an non-observable construct that is inferred from observable facts and events that are
brought to have an effect on the phenomenon under study

LESSON 4: The Scope and Limitations and the Significance

of the Study
LET’S WARM-UP
T/N: You are now in the middle of setting up your research background, try answering the activity below
to refresh your knowledge regarding scope and limitation as well as the significance of the study.
Directions: Read and analyze the sentences below. Write TRUE if the sentence is correct then FALSE if
it is otherwise. Write your answer on the space provided before each number.

True 1. Dependent variable is the one that changes because of changes to the independent variable.
False 2. A variable is the value assigned to a specific variable.
False 3. An attribute is any characteristic that can have different values or traits that may vary across
research participants.
True 4. Researchers must also be part of beneficiaries of and what they are expected to benefit from the
study.
True 5. A good research should present its potential benefits and beneficiaries.
LET’S PRACTICE
Task 1 (BY GROUP)
Directions: Based on your proposed title, discuss the variables present in your study below. (YOUR
GROUP CAN HAVE THE SAME ANSWERS)

Proposed study: Effects of Online Learning on Teacher-Student Communication during the COVID-19
pandemic as Perceived by STEM 12 Teachers and STEM12A4 Students of Manuel S. Enverga University
Foundation
1. Independent Variable: Online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
2. Dependent Variable: Teacher-student communication
3. Other Variables (if possible):

Task 2 (BY GROUP)

Directions: After you identified the variables present in your proposed study, discuss comprehensively
the scope of your study below. (YOUR GROUP CAN HAVE THE SAME ANSWERS)

Scope of the study: The scope and time frame focus on the effects of online learning on teacher-student
communication during the Covid-19 pandemic as perceived by STEM12 teachers and STEM12A4
students of Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation (MSEUF).
Task 3 (BY GROUP)
Directions: From your discussion of the scope of the study, elaborate here the limitations of the study.
(YOUR GROUP CAN HAVE THE SAME ANSWERS)

Limitations of the study: Basic statistics were utilized since the study is descriptive. Due to limited time
frame therefore cannot be generalized to all STEM12 students. Purposive sampling was used in choosing
the respondents of the study.

LET’S DO IT
Task 4 (BY GROUP)
Directions: Identify the general significance, beneficiaries, and the benefits that can be gained from your
proposed study. (YOUR GROUP CAN HAVE THE SAME ANSWERS)

General Significance: The findings of this study tend to benefit society by determining the effects of
online learning on teacher-student communication during the COVID-19 pandemic, which involves a
sudden shift in learning mode due to the coronavirus outbreak, where both parties are unfamiliar with this
type of interaction since the new mode of learning was introduced. Furthermore, this study will give you
learnings on how to improve teacher-student communication amidst the pandemic's challenges. The
benefits and beneficiaries of this study. It may assist students in understanding the effects of online
learning on student-teacher communication during a pandemic. It may also be useful for teachers to
understand how online learning affects student-teacher communication during a pandemic so that they
can manage and develop their communication skills with their students. It also allows parents to see how
their child interacts with the teacher. Parents are also witnessing the consequences of online learning on
the teacher-student relationship. It will also provide school administrators with more knowledge and
information about the effects of online learning on teacher-student communication, which will help them
enhance their professional practice and student learning. It will also aid future researchers by offering
sources of information when they do a relevant study.

Task 5 (BY GROUP)

Directions: Now, identify beneficiaries and benefits that can be gained from your study. Don’t forget to
arrange the beneficiaries according to their significance to your study. (YOUR GROUP CAN HAVE
THE SAME ANSWERS)

1. Beneficiaries:
a) Students
b) Teachers
c) Parents
d) School Administrators
e) Future Researchers

2. Benefits:
a) It may help the students to get knowledge about the effects of online learning the
communication between students and teachers during pandemic.
b) It may help the teachers to know how online learning affect the communication between
students and teachers during pandemic so they can handle and improve their communication
skills with their students.
c) It may help the parents to see how her/his child interact the teacher. Parents also witnessing the
effects of the online learning between the teacher and students.
d) It will provide the school administrators with further knowledge and information regarding the
effects of online learning on teacher-student communication during covid-19 pandemic that will
address their own professional practice and improve student learning.
e) It will benefit the future researchers in terms of providing source of knowledge when they are
making a related study.

LET’S THRIVE
Directions: Identify the word or term being described in each statement. Write your answer on the space
provided before each number.

Attributes 1. It is an important element of a variable that refers to the value assigned to a specific
variable.
Independent Variable 2. Variables which are changed, manipulated, or selected by the researcher.
Significance of the Study 3. It is part of the study that discusses the purpose of the research to society,
the government, the institution, and the research community.
Limitation of the Study 4. These are the various aspects of a study that are not covered by the research
for different reasons such as time, resources, or lack of access to research participants.
Exhaustive 5. It is a characteristic of variable wherein the researcher should consider all possible
attributes of a certain variable.
Scope of the Study 6. It is part of the study that is determined primarily by the selection of variables that
the research study will focus on.
Discrete Variables 7. Examples of this variable are income, number of children, or years of employment.
Variables 8. It refers to any characteristic that can have different values or traits that may vary across
research participants.
Mutually Exclusive 9. This means that a participant or respondent cannot possess two attributes of a
variable.
Categorical Variables 10. Examples of this variable are civil status, educational achievement.

LESSON 5: Definition of Terms

LET’S WARM-UP
T/N: Let us now wrap up your research background through definition of terms. Recall what you know
regarding the lesson by answering this activity first.
Directions: Define the following terms below. Write your answers on the space provided.

1. Technology – the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in

industry.
2. Government – the governing body of a nation, state, or community.
3. New Normal – new normal is the new method or lifestyle that now we’re taking because of the
pandemic we used to live now with facemask and distancing ourselves to each other.
4. Media – media is a tool where people can communicate to each other.
5. Development – is the process of change.

LET’S PRACTICE
Task 1
Directions: Based on your proposed study, list down the possible terms, words and acronyms that need to
be defined comprehensively in the Definition of Terms.
(YOUR GROUP CAN HAVE THE SAME ANSWERS)

1. Asynchronous
2. Communication
3. Covid-19
4. Online Learning
5. Pandemic

LET’S DO IT
Task 2 (BY GROUP)
Directions: From your list of terms to define, now, give their theoretical definitions. Write them in the
space provided below. (YOUR GROUP CAN HAVE THE SAME ANSWERS)

1. Asynchronous – virtually online and through prepared resources, without real-time teacher-led
interaction.
 2. Communication – focuses on connections between communication and learning, such as how
instructors speak when teaching and how students respond.
3. COVID-19 – was referred to as '2019 novel coronavirus' that caused schools to shut down and
introduced online learning to teachers and students.
4. Online Learning – a learning modality that suddenly used during the pandemic covid-19.
5. Pandemic – is the covid-19 that suddenly spread worldwide and affects the educational system.

Task 3 (BY GROUP)

Directions: From your list of terms to define, now, give their operational definitions. Write them in the
space provided below. (YOUR GROUP CAN HAVE THE SAME ANSWERS)

1. Asynchronous - not simultaneous or concurrent in time: not synchronous.

2. Communication - the exchange of information between individuals through a system of
symbols, signs, or behavior.
3. COVID-19 - a mild to severe respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus that is transmitted
chiefly by contact with infectious material or with objects or surfaces contaminated by the
causative virus and characterized by fever, cough, and shortness of breath and may progress to
pneumonia and respiratory failure.
4. Online Learning - is education that takes place over the Internet. It's referred to as e-learning.
However, online learning is just one type of distance learning.
5. Pandemic - is education that takes place over the Internet. It's referred to as e-learning. However,
online learning is just one type of distance learning.

LET’S THRIVE

Directions: Based on the definitions you have given in the first activity “Let’s Warm Up”, analyze each
definition and identify if it is THEORETICAL or OPERATIONAL definition. Write your answer on
the space provided.

1. Technology – OPERATIONAL
2. Government – OPERATIONAL
3. New Normal – THEORETICAL
4. Media – OPERATIONAL
5. Development – THEORETICAL