UNIVERSITY OF NORTHEASTHERN PHILIPPINES

SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

IRIGA CITY
EDUCATION 204
SUPERVISION OF INSTRUCTION

REGALJ.CAPIÑA
M.A. Student
ADELAIDA P. HERNANDEZ, Ed.D
MA Professor

Q1: Give appropriate answer to the questions listed below:

1. In determining an effective leadership style, what factors must be considered?

ANSWER: In determining an effective leadership style, These are the factors we must be considered:
1. Directing style- It requires structure and guidance.
2. Supporting Style- When followers have high competence and low commitment.
3. Coaching Style- Requires a two way communication pattern.
4. Delegating Style- Most appropriate for followers who have high competence for and high
commitment to the job.
2. What are the different dimensions of school supervision? Briefly explain each.
ANSWER: These are the different dimensions ofschool supersion:
A. Administration- The act of managing duties, responsibilities, or rules. ... (uncountable) The
act of administering; government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed,
in conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction.
B. Curriculum- -The expectations for what will be taught and what students will do in a program of
study. It includes teacher-made materials, textbooks, and national and state standards.
- the outline of concepts to be taught to students to help them meet the content
standards.
C. Instruction- "The purposeful direction of the learning process" and is one of the major
teacher class activities (along with planning and management).
D.Human Relations- A planned program that will promote better relationships between individuals of
different races, religions, and national origins.
E. Evaluation- The collection of, analysis and interpretation of information about any
aspect of a programme of education or training as part of a recognized process of
judging its effectiveness, its efficiency and any other outcomes it may have."
F. Leadership- - Typically means motivating or inspiring others to act in a way that
benefits you, them or the organization. 
- tapping into human resources to provide the highest level of service.

3. Differentiate the different supervisory approaches that may be used to improve

classroom instruction indicating the common elements.
 ANSWER:
These are the 3 supervisory approaches and their differences to each other:
1. The Scientific Management Perspective of Supervision
 Based on the scientific management movement by Frederick Taylor ( Scientific job analysis,
selection of personnel, management cooperation, functional supervising)
 Focusing on productivity ( task )
2. Human Relations Perspective of Supervision -
 Understanding of human behavior by Elton Mayo
 Give emphasis on human relationship ( people )
 SIR ( smooth interpersonal relationship like pakikisama, amor propio, hiya and utang na loob)
3. Leadership Perspective of Supervision
 An alternative approaches that could balance the need to maintain harmonious relationship in
the organization and the completion task.
 Variables in Leadership style ( The leader factor, follower and emotional maturity.
----MIDTERM AXAMINATION---
I. Give your answer to these questions below:
1. What makes evaluation of teaching performance a difficult and complex process?
ANSWER:
 Evaluation of teaching performance is a difficult and complex process because we must to
reconsider the external factors( teacher, learner,environment, values formation, strategies and
methods )that contributed in the learning process.
 Thoughfully, efficiently, and fairly evaluating teacher is really hard to do.
2.What are the important considerations in the evaluation of expert teachers?
ANSWER:
The important considerations in the evaluation of expert teachers are teaching competency,
student outcome, achievement of learning goals and objectives. We must also include the subject
matter, classroom management, instructional, diagnostic, communication and rational expertise.
3.How can the validity and reliability of meaning instruments be ascertained?
ANSWER:
The validity and reliability of meaning instruments be ascertained by simply to use a
classroom observation to address the important issues need to develop.
4. Discuss the conceptual difference between staff development and in- service training.
ANSWER:
Staff development refers to the processes, programs and activities through which every
organization develops, enhances and improve the skills competencies and overall performance of
its employees and workers, while In-service training enable teachers to acquire new understanding
and instructional skills.
5. What are the different structures of staff development?
ANSWER:
These are the different structures of staff development,( informal, ad hoc,formal and
institutionalized.
6. What are the knowledge and skills needed by instructional leaders to carry out their task?
ANSWER:
Instructional leaders need a strong instructional leadership on the first place to be an effective
leader. They need also a continuous professional development opportunities to support their effort
toward school improvement. According to Cave and Wilkinson there are main areas: Proffesional
knowledge of educational principles and practices, knowledge of theories and models of
management, and knowledge of social, political and legal contexts. At the same time, it also
anchored to skills such as persuading, bargaining, explaining, listening, reporting, informing,
counseling, appraising, chairing, interviewing and team buildings.
----------FINAL EXAMINATION ----------
 I. GIVE APPROPRIATE ANSAWER TI THE QUESTIONS LISTED BELOW:
1.Describe the rights and responsibilities of teachers in connection with their employment?
ANSWER: The Act No. 4670 or the Magna Carta for Public School Teachers Secured the
rights of Public School Teachers. This acts are very important to the public school teachers.
It protects the rights of the teachers like the tenure of office, academic freedom, Tax reliefs,
and other benefits. On the other Hand a big responsibilities in connection in the field of
teaching, typically included the following:
* Developing and presenting educational content including assignments and tests.
* Grading assignments and tests.
*Supervising the classroom to help ensure all students are learning in a safe, productive
environment.
*Organizing supplies and resources for class modules.
2. Describe the rights and responsibilities of administrators in making administrative decisions
regarding beginning and marginal teachers.
ANSWER: Administrators should take a big responsibilities and rights in making
administrative decisions regarding beginning and marginal teachers. They must to see the
competencies of instructional supervision and formative evaluations to help him/her prepare
for summative evaluations which is teacher’s right. Supervision and provided intervention is
also needed to address inadequate performance in the classroom. Making policies,
procedures and setting educational aims and standards are the other factors to have a good
quality of administrations.
3.Why is it necessary for evaluation policies to have clarity, consistency, compliance and continuity?
ANSWER:
We need to have clarity, consistency, compliance and continuity in evaluation policies to
ensure they are as effective as they can be. Evaluation can help you identify areas for improvement and
ultimately help you realize your goals more efficiently.
4.Why is it important to be careful in the selection and hiring of teachers?
ANSWER:
It is much indeed important to be careful in the selection and hiring of teachers because in
the hands of teachers lies the future of learners on the aspects of intellectual and total
holistic improvementnt so that they can productive and learned a lot that they can be use
near in the future.
5.What are functions of superintendent, educational supervisor, and district supervisor in the
organizational set-up of DepEd? List down only those common in your own district.
FUNCTIONS
SUPERINTENDENT EDUCATIONAL SUPERVISOR DISTRICTSUPERVISOR
The SDS ensures quality in 1.Conduct periodic monitoring 1. Provide guidance and
the delivery of basic and evaluation and submit instructional supervision to
education services by recommendations towards school heads by observing and
developing division work enhancing the management and gathering data on their
systems and procedures, delivery of the basic education strengths and development
setting standards consistent curriculum. needs and then coaching them
with the national and 2. Develop training designs, towards improved instructional
regional educational modules, and materials to leadership practices
policies, plans and localize, indigenize, and 2. Monitor and evaluate the
standards and ensures contextualize competencies in school’s implementation of their
compliance thereto. the curriculum per subject area plans and submit reports to the
for use of the schools division. Schools Division management
team to provide feedback.

6.Discuss the supervision problems encountered by both public and private school?
These are some of supervision common problems encountered by both public and private school.
1. Lack of process supervision
2. Supervision fear
3. Not to follow the developments
4. Lacks of guidance
5. Consistency
6. Colleague Relations
7. Human Relations
8. Lacking of budget to improve school facilities
9. Lack of cooperation by colleague

-----END OF SEMESTER----

SUBMITTED
BY:

REGAL J. CAPINA
M.A Student

SUBMITTED
TO:

ADELAIDA P. HERNANDEZ, Ed.D

M.A. Professor