Solution:

The free body diagram of the ACD bar is shown below:

Ax Ay
Here, is the horizontal reaction force at A, is the vertical reaction force at
A and F is the pin reaction at C.

Take the moment of all the forces about point A to determine the pin reaction at
C:

M A 0
 24 kN  3.5 m    F  sin 56.31 4 m    89 kN  6.5 m   0
F  148.6 kN

The equilibrium equation in the horizontal direction is:

   Fx  0
Ax   F  cos 56.31   24 kN = 0
Ax  106.43 kN

The equilibrium equation in the vertical direction is:

   Fy  0
Ay   F  sin 56.31   89 kN = 0
Ay  34.64 kN

The resultant force at support B is:

RB  F
Solution:

Given Data:

*The superheated temperature of the steam is: Tsup  210

*The specific entropy of the steam is: S  7.1167 KJ/kg  K

From the Superheated steam table chart as shown below:

The pressure of the steam is: p  0.5 MPa

The internal energy of the steam is: u  2877.2 kJ/kg

The enthalpy of the steam is: h  2659.7 kJ/kg

The specific volume of the steam is: v  0.43506 m /kg

3

Thus, the correct option is (b). The climb angle is 13 .

3.
The lift coefficient is a function of wing area, density of the air at that altitude,
velocity of the airplane, climb angle and the weight of the airplane as:
2W cos 
CL 
V 2 A
2 180000 N  cos  13 

 0.909 kg m3   150 m  s 1   45 m 
2 2

 0.381

The lift coefficient is 0.381. Thus, option (c) is correct.

4.

The drag polar can be calculated by substituting all the values in the expression:

CD  0.017  0.05   0.381 

2

 
 0.02426

The drag force can be calculated as:

Solution:

Given Data:

*The Coefficient of performance of the heat pump is: COP  2.4

*The temperature of the hot water is: Tw  80C

*The surrounding temperature is: Ts  30C

*The temperature of the source is: Th  250C

Tc  30C
*The temperature of the sink is:

*The heat input to the Carnot engine is: Qi  6.3 kW

Note: Dear Student! As per our guidelines, we are only allowed to answer three
sub-parts of a question. Kindly repost the other parts again.

(a)

The schematic diagram of the system is shown below:

(b)

The efficiency of the Carnot engine is calculated as:

Tc W
CE  1  
Th Qi

 1
 30  273 
W
 250  273 6.3 kW
W  2.65 kW

Thus, the power received by the heat pump is 2.65 kW.

(c)

The rate of heat supplied to the water by the heat pump can be calculated as:
Qh
COP 
W
Qh  2.4  2.65 kW
= 6.36 kW
Solution:

Given Data:

*The mass of the trolley and vase is: m  4 kg

*The magnitude of the towing force is: T  25 N

*The coefficient of kinetic friction is: k  0.35

(a)

The schematic diagram of the system is shown below:

(b)
The efficiency of the Carnot engine is calculated as:

Tc W
CE  1  
Th Qi

 1
 30  273 
W
 250  273 6.3 kW
W  2.65 kW

Thus, the power received by the heat pump is 2.65 kW.

(c)

The rate of heat supplied to the water by the heat pump can be calculated as:
Qh
COP 
W
Qh  2.4  2.65 kW
= 6.36 kW

The normal stress at this point on the inclined plane can be calculated
analytically as:

 S  Sy   Sx  S y 
n   x   cos 2    S xy  sin 2  
 2   2 
 13300   7750    13300   7750   
  psi +   psi  cos 50  0
 2   2  
 9540.34 psi
Solution:

Given Data:

*The length of the copper cylinder is: l  1.5 m

*The diameter of the cylinder is: d  4 cm

*The reduction in the volume of the cylinder is: V  0.00089 m

3

Note: The Bulk modulus of copper is B  123 GPa

The initial volume of the cylinder is calculated as:

V    r2 l
    0.02 m  1.5 m
2

=1.885  103 m3

(a)

The bulk strain in the copper cylinder is calculated as:

V
V 
V
0.00089 m3

1.885 103 m3
 0.472

(b)

The magnitude of the pressure which is applied to the copper rod is calculated
as:
 p
B
V
V
 
p  123 103 MPa  0.472
 58056 MPa

(c)

The percentage change in the volume of the copper rod is calculated as:
V
%change in volume = 100%
V
 0.472 100%
 47.2%

Solution:

(a)

The equivalent couple M at A can be calculated as:

 1.98 kN  cos 71 0.18 m   1.98 kN  sin 71  1.6  0.48  m  

 
MA    6   3  
  1.4 kN   0.18 m   1.4 kN  1.6 m   0.610 kN  m 
  6.71   6.71  
 2.39 kN  m

(b)

The horizontal component of the resultant R at A is calculated as:

  6 
Rx   1.98 kN  cos 71   1.4 kN  
  6.71 
 1.896 kN

The vertical component of the resultant R at A is calculated as:

  3 
Ry   1.98 kN  sin 71   1.4 kN  
  6.71  
 1.246 kN
Thus, the resultant equivalent force at A is:

R    1.896  i   1.246  j kN

Solution:

Given Data:

*The length of the bar is: L  8 in

*The cross-sectional area of the bar is: A  0.5 in  0.5 in = 0.25 in

2

*The axial force on the bar is: F  5000 lb

*The Poisson’s ratio is: v  0.3

The Young’s modulus of the bar can be calculated from the stress vs strain
diagram:

E



 60  30  ksi
 0.002  0.001 in/in
 30000 ksi

(a)

The change in the length of the bar can be calculated as:

 FL
L 
A E
5000 lb  8 in

0.25 in 2   3 107 psi 
 5.33 103 in

(b)

The change in the thickness of the bar is calculated as:

t
v t
L
L
 L 
t   v  t
 L 
 5.33 103 in 
  0.3    0.5 in
 8 in 
= 9.99 105 in
Solution:

Given Data:

*The width of the beam is: b  0.05 m

*The height of the beam is: h  0.1 m

*The length of the beam is: L  4 m

*The concentrated load on the beam is: P  10 kN

The simply supported beam with concentrated load is shown below:

Here, Ay is the vertical component of the reaction force at A and By is the

vertical component of the reaction force at B.

Take the moment of all the forces about point A:

MA  0
 10 kN 1 m    By  4 m   0
By  2.5 kN

The equilibrium equation in the vertical direction is:

    Fy  0
Ay  By  10 kN = 0
Ay  7.5 kN

The maximum magnitude of the bending moment on the beam will be at point
C:

M C   7.5 kN 1 m 
 7.5 kN  m

The maximum fiber stress can be calculated by applying the bending equation:
M C  max

I y
0.1 m
7.5 kN  m 
 max  2
0.05 m   0.1 m 
3

12
 90000 kN/m 2

The stress in the fiber located at 0.01 m from the top of the beam is calculated
as:
MC 

I y
  0.1 m  
7.5 kN  m    0.01 m 
  2 
0.05 m   0.1 m 
3

12
 72000 kN/m 2

(a)

The bulk strain in the copper cylinder is calculated as:

 V
V 
V
0.00089 m3

1.885 103 m3
 0.472

Solution:

Given Data:

*The wing area of the airfoil is: A  20 m

2

*The velocity of the aircraft is: V  60 km/hr

*The lift coefficient is: CL  0.8

The lift force on the aircraft is calculated as:

1
FL    air  CL  V 2  A
2
2
1  1000  2 2
 1.225 kg/m3  0.8   60   m /s  20 m
2

2  3600 
 2722.22 N

The mass of the aircraft can be calculated by equating the lift force on the
aircraft with the weight of the aircraft:
mg  FL
FL
m
g
2722.22 N

9.81 m/s 2
 277.5 kg

Here, Ay is the vertical component of the reaction force at A and By is the

vertical component of the reaction force at B.
Take the moment of all the forces about point A:
MA  0
 10 kN 1 m    By  4 m   0
By  2.5 kN

Solution:

Given Data:

*The angle between the two forces is:   

The magnitude of the resultant of the force system can be calculated by using
parallelogram law of forces as:

 600 N    400 N    2  600 N  400 N  cos 50 

2 2
R
 910.241 N

The direction of the resultant with respect to the horizontal axis is calculated as:

 600 N  sin 70    400 N  sin 20 

tan  
 600 N  cos 70    400 N  cos 20 
700.624

581.089
  tan 1  1.2057 
 50.33

Here, Ay is the vertical component of the reaction force at A and By is the

vertical component of the reaction force at B.

Take the moment of all the forces about point A:

 MA  0
 10 kN 1 m    By  4 m   0
By  2.5 kN

Solution:

Given Data:

*The inital compression of the spring is:    mm

*The diameter of the spring wire is: d  2.7 mm

*The number of coils in the spring is: n  13

*The shear modulus of the spring wire is: G  80800 N/mm

2

*The average diameter of the coil is: D  23 mm

*The safe shear stress value is:    N/mm

2

The stiffness of the spring can be calculated as:

Gd 4
k
8D 3n
80800 N/mm 2   2.7 mm 
4


8   23 mm  13
3

 3.394 N/mm

The Pressure at which the check valve will open at is calculated as:
 P A
k

k 
P
A
3.394 N/mm  12 mm

4   5 mm 
2

2
 0.259 N/mm 2

Solution:

Given Data:

*The magnitude of the resultant force is: R  600 N

Resolve the forces along the x-axis to determine the component of the resultant
force along the x-axis as:

 3
Rx   F1  cos     F3  cos 45    F2  
 5

 600 N  cos 45    F1  cos     500 N  cos 45    650 N  

3
 5
F1  cos   ...........................  1

Resolve the forces along the y-axis to determine the component of the resultant
force along the y-axis as:
  4
Ry   F1  sin     F3  sin 45    F2  
 5

 600 N  sin 45    F1  sin     500 N  sin 45    650 N  

4
 5
F1  sin   257.82...........................  2 

Divide equation (2) by equation (1) to determine the direction of F1 :

sin  257.82

cos  387.82
  tan 1  0.6648 
 33.62

Substitute the value of  in equation (1) to determine the magnitude of F1 :

387.82
F1 
cos 33.62
 465.72 N

Solution:

The free body diagram of the wedge is shown below:

Here, Sn is the normal stress on the wedge, An is the normal area of the wedge
and V is the shear stress on the wedge.

The equilibrium equation perpendicular to the wedge is:

 Sn  An    2400 psi 
3 3  4 4
 An    1280 psi   An  
 5 5  5 5
Sn  1683.2 psi

The equilibrium equation parallel to the wedge is:

 V  An    2400 psi 
4 3  3 4
 An    1280 psi   An  
 5 5  5 5
V  537.6 psi
Solution:

Given Data:

*The side of the square bar is: a  10.47 in

*The thickness of the square bar is: t  1.47 in

*The tensile stress is:    psi

*The Factor of safety is: FS  1.5

*The allowable shear stress for the pin material is:  all  243 ksi
The pin is in double shear. The diameter of the pin can be calculated as:

 3
Rx   F1  cos     F3  cos 45    F2  
 5

 600 N  cos 45    F1  cos     500 N  cos 45    650 N  

3
 5
F1  cos   ...........................  1

Resolve the forces along the y-axis to determine the component of the resultant
force along the y-axis as:

 4
Ry   F1  sin     F3  sin 45    F2  
 5

 600 N  sin 45    F1  sin     500 N  sin 45    650 N  

4
 5
F1  sin   257.82...........................  2 