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Module 8

This document discusses various figures of speech used in the English language. It defines figures of speech as alternations of normal language used to achieve a specific effect. Some key figures of speech it examines include: - Metonymy, which substitutes a closely associated word for another. - Synecdoche, where a part represents the whole or vice versa. - Apostrophe, directly addressing a non-existent person or object as if it were alive. - Oxymoron, using two contradictory words together for effect. - Alliteration, repeating initial sounds in neighboring words. - Pun, using multiple meanings of the same or similar-sounding words.

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Geraldine
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79 views

Module 8

This document discusses various figures of speech used in the English language. It defines figures of speech as alternations of normal language used to achieve a specific effect. Some key figures of speech it examines include: - Metonymy, which substitutes a closely associated word for another. - Synecdoche, where a part represents the whole or vice versa. - Apostrophe, directly addressing a non-existent person or object as if it were alive. - Oxymoron, using two contradictory words together for effect. - Alliteration, repeating initial sounds in neighboring words. - Pun, using multiple meanings of the same or similar-sounding words.

Uploaded by

Geraldine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CREATIVE NONFICTION: THE LITERARY ESSAY Page 1 of 12

Figure of Speech

FIGURE OF SPEECH
IV. LESSON
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The figure of speech in English have long names. Many adapted from Greek and Latin by
grammarians in the 19th century. But really a figure of speech is just what we call an alternation of
normal language in order to achieve a specific effect. You probably use figure of speech all the time
without knowing what they”re called, and the names aren’t really that important- except that they
have a way of showing up on exams about the English language. So let’s look at the figure of speech!
Figure of speech is a phrase or word having different meanings than its literal meaning. It
conveys meaning by identifying or comparing one thing to another, which has a connotation or
meaning familiar to the audience. That is why it is helpful in creating vivid rhetorical effect.
Figure of Speech Based on Association

Figure of Speech Based on Association

A. METONYMY : is a figure of speech in a word or phrase substituded for another with which
it’s closely associated; also, the rhetorical strategy of describing something indirectly by
referring to things around it.

Means
Written words are more effective than “ The pen is mightier than the sword”
military power or swords.

Crown = power of a king

Metonymy uses an object in place of another. Something related, but not a part.
CREATIVE NONFICTION: THE LITERARY ESSAY Page 2 of 12
Figure of Speech
The venue will charge us by the plate.
Plate represent the food/meal

B. SYNECDOCHE : a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or


vice versa.

Whole for part


Example:
1. We need to know how many heads to expect.

people / guest

2. The crown sent the message out to the entire kingdom.


3. He has just got some new wheels.
4. There were many hired hands in the factory.
5. At school, the children learn ABCs and 123s.

C. APOSTROPHE : is a speaking directly to a non-existent person or an inanimate object as


though it were a living being.,
alive.
= The addressing of a usually absent person or a usually personified thing
rhetorically.
= absence or none existent of person or thing. Addressed as it is present and
capable of understanding.
Example:

Twinkle Twinkle
Little Star, How I
wonder what you are!!!
1. Oh! come on you stupid door, just unlock.
2. Thank you oven, for helping me make this meal.
3. Come on trousers, you have to fit me.
4. Life! I cannot understand you.
5. Why don’t you ever work, You stupid computer!
CREATIVE NONFICTION: THE LITERARY ESSAY Page 3 of 12
Figure of Speech

D. OXYMORON = When two words in a phrase contradicted one another.


Paired words with contrasting meanings that can be funny when used.

WORD 1 WORD 2

WHEN ARE OXYMORON USEFUL?


*effective titles * comedic effect
*add dramatic effect * add flavor to speech
Example
1. It is an open secret.
2. All politicians agreed to disagree.
3. The girl next door is pretty ugly.
4. That cat is mighty small.
5. Our farewell was bittersweet.

E. PARADOX = is a statement which contradict itself. Using contradicting terms to make a


point. A combination of words or statement that makes the reader pause to think deeper.
Example
1. It is the beginning of the end.
2. Deep down ,Anna is really shallow.
3. Don’t be too old or too wise for new advice.

F. ALLITERATION = there is a repetition of sound within a phrase or sentence.


repeats the beginning sounds of neighboring words.
Example
1. She is seashells on the seashore.
2. Pete Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
3. The dog dig deeper into the depths.
4. Nica’s necklace ripped at her neck.
5. Rain, rain go away, come again another dat.

G. PUN= Is a play of words, sometimes on different senses of the same word and sometimes
on the similar sense or sound of different word.
= a humorous way of using a word or phrase so that more than one meaning is suggested.
= can use multiple meanings of the same word (homonyms) or different meanings of similar
sounding words ( homophones)
CREATIVE NONFICTION: THE LITERARY ESSAY Page 4 of 12
Figure of Speech

Example
1. A boiled egg every morning is hard to beat.
2. I wonder why the baseball was getting bigger and then it hit me.
3. I was struggling to figure out how lightning works.
4. Then, all of a sudden, it struck me.
5. In a mender of bad soles.

H. ASSONANCE: the use of words that have the same or very similar vowel sounds near one
another. When you repeat a vowel sound in the phrase.
- How now, brown cow?
Example
1. The fat cat had a snack.
2. Alas! It was a tough nut to crack.
3. A highrise rises high into the bright sky.
4. Top of the pop.
5. On the side of the hide.

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