Chapter- 3: Data Handling

Exercise 3.1 (Page 62)

Q1. Find the range of the heights of any 10 students of your class.

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given / known?

The height of ten students.

What is unknown:
Tthe range of heights

Reasoning:
Range= Highest value – Lowest value

Solution: -

Serial no. Name of the students Height (in cm)

1 Yash 126
2 Nidhi 128
3 Toshi 134
4 Abhishek 148
5 Dimple 146
6 Parul 132
7 Neha 129
8 Ananya 137
9 Arya 127
10 Dipti 130

∴ Range = Highest value – Lowest value

Highest value among this observation = 148
Lowest value among this observation = 126
∴ Range = 148 - 126 = 22 cm

Q2. Organize the following marks in a class assessment, in a tabular form.

4, 6, 7, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 2, 6, 2, 5, 1, 9, 6, 5, 8, 4, 6, 7
(i) Which number is the highest?
(ii) Which number is the lowest?
(iii) What is the range of the data?
(iv) What is the arithmetic mean?

Difficulty Level: Easy

 What is the given /known?
Marks in a class assessment?
What is unknown:
Highest marks, lowest marks, range, arithmetic mean

Reasoning:
Range = Highest marks – Lowest marks

Solution: -
Marks Tally marks No. of students
(Frequency)
1 I 1
2 II 2
3 I 1
4 III 3
5 IIII 5
6 IIII 4
7 II 2
8 I 1
9 I 1

(i) The highest number is 9.

(ii) The lowest number is 1.
(iii) The range of the data = Highest number – Lowest number no.
=9–1 =8
Sum of all numbers
(iv) Arithmetic mean =
Total numbers
4 + 6 + 7 + 5 + 3 + 5 + 4 + 5 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 5 +1+ 9 + 6 + 5 + 8 + 4 + 6 + 7
=
20
100
=
20
=5

Q3. Find the mean of the first 5 whole numbers.

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given / known:

First 5 whole numbers.

What is unknown:
Mean of first 5 whole numbers.

Reasoning:
Sum of all numbers
Mean of first five whole numbers =
Total numbers
Solution: -
The first five while numbers are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Sum of all numbers
Mean =
Total numbers
0 +1+ 2 + 3 + 4
=
5
10
=
5
=2
Thus, the mean of first five whole numbers is 5.
Q4. A cricketer scores the following runs in eight innings:
58, 76, 40, 35, 46, 45, 0, 100. Find the mean score.

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Runs in eight innings.

What is unknown:
Mean Score

Reasoning:
Sum of all runs
Mean of score =
Number of innings

Solution: -
Total number of innings = 8
Scores of cricketer in 8 innings = 58, 76, 40, 35, 46, 45, 0, 100
58 + 76 + 40 + 35 + 46 + 45 + 0 + 100
Mean of score =
8
400
=
8
= 50

Thus, the mean score of a cricketer in 8 innings is 50.

Q5. Following table shows the point of each player scored in four games: -

Player Game 1 Game 2 Game 3 Game 4

A 14 16 10 10
B 10 8 6 4
C 8 11 Didn’t play 13

Now answer the following questions: -

(i) Find the mean to determine A’s average number of points scored
per game.
(ii) To find the mean number of points per game for C, would you divide the
points by 3 or 4? Why?
(iii) B played in all the four games. How would you find the mean?
(iv) Who is the best performer?

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Point of each player scored in four games.

What is unknown:
Average score, Mean

Reasoning:
Sum of score
Mean =
Number of games

Solution: -
(i) Total number of games played by A = 4
Scores obtained by A = 14, 16, 10, 10
14 + 16 + 10 + 10
Mean score of A =
4
50
=
4
= 12.5

ii) We should divide total points by 3 because player C played only three games.
iii) Total number of games played by B = 4
Scores obtained by B = 0, 8, 6, 4
Sum of scores by B
Mean score of B =
No. of games played by B
0+8+6+ 4
=
4
18
=
4
= 4.5
iv) To find the best performer,
We should find the mean of all players.
Mean of player A = 12.5
Mean of player B = 4.5
sum of scores by C
Mean of player C =
No. of games played by C
8 + 11 + 13
=
3
32
=
3
= 10.67
Therefore, on comparing means of all players, A is the best performer.

Q6. The marks (Out of 100) obtained by a group of students in a science test are
85, 76, 90, 85, 39, 48, 56, 95, 81, 75. Find the: -
(i) Highest and lowest marks obtained by the students.
(ii) Range of the marks obtained.
(iii) Mean marks obtained by the group.

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Marks obtained by a group of students in a science test.

What is unknown:
Highest and lowest marks, Range of the marks, Mean marks

Reasoning:
Sum of marks
Mean marks =
Total no.of students
Solution:
Marks obtained by the group of students = 85, 76, 90, 85, 39, 48, 56, 95, 81, 75
(i) Highest marks obtained by the student = 95
Lowest marks obtained by the student = 39

(ii) Range of the marks = Highest marks – Lowest marks

= 95 – 39
= 56

Sum of marks
(iii) Mean marks =
Total no.of students
85 + 76 + 90 + 85 + 39 + 48 + 56 + 95 + 81 + 75
=
10
730
=
10
= 73
Thus, the mean marks obtained by a group of students are 73.

Q7. The enrollment in a school during six consecutive years as follows: -

1555, 1670, 1750, 2013, 2540, 2820
Find the mean enrollment of the school for this period.

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Number of enrollments

What is unknown:
Mean

Reasoning:
sum of numbers of enrollments
Mean enrollment =
Total numbers of years
Solution:
Total no. of years = 6
The enrollments in a school during six consecutive years = 1555, 1670, 1750, 2013,
2540, 2820
sum of numbers of enrollments
Mean enrollment =
Total numbers of years
1555 + 1670 + 1750 + 2013 + 2540 + 2820
=
6
12348
=
6
= 2058 Thus, the mean enrollment of the school is 2058.
Q8. The rainfall (in mm) in a city on 7 days of a certain week as
recorded as follows:
Day Mon Tue Wed Thurs Fri Sat Sun
Rain fall (in mm) 0.0 12.2 2.1 0.0 20.5 5.5 1.0

(i) Find the range of the rainfall in the above data.

(ii) Find the mean rainfall of the week.
(iii) On how many days was the rainfall less than the mean rainfall?

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Rainfall in mm

What is unknown:
Range of the rainfall and mean rainfall

Reasoning:
sum of rainfalls ( in mm )
Mean of the rainfall ( in mm ) =
Number of days

Solution:
(i) Highest of the rainfall (in mm) = 20.5
Lowest of the rainfall (in mm) = 0.0

Range of the rainfall = Highest rainfall – Lowest rainfall

= 20.5 – 0.0
= 20. 5 mm

(ii) Total number of days = 7

Record of the rainfall (in mm) = 0.0, 12.2, 2.1, 0.0, 20.5, 5.5, 1.0
sum of rainfalls ( in mm )
Mean of the rainfall ( in mm ) =
Number of days
0.0 + 12.2 + 2.1 + 0.0 + 20.5 + 5.5 + 1.0
=
7
41.3
= = 5.9mm
7

(iii) On 5 days rainfall was less than the mean rainfall i.e., Monday, Wednesday,
Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.
Q9. The heights of the 10 girls were measured in cm and the results are as follows:
135, 150, 139, 128, 151, 132, 146, 149, 143, 141.
(i) What is the height of the tallest girl?
(ii) What is the height of the shortest girl?
(iii) What is the range of the data?
(iv) What is the mean height of the girls?
(v) How many girls have height more than the mean height?

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Height of the 10 girls

What is unknown:
(i) Height of the tallest girl
(ii) Height of the shortest girl
(iii). Range of the data (iv) Mean height

Reasoning:
Range= Height of tallest girl – Height of the shortest girl
sum of all heights ( in mm )
Mean =
Number of girls

Solution: -
(i) The height of the tallest girl =151 cm

(ii) The height of the shortest girl = 128 cm

(iii) Range of the data = Height of tallest girl – Height of the shortest girl
= 151 – 128
= 23 cm

(iv) Total number of girls =10

Measurement of the heights of 10 girls = 135, 150, 139, 128, 151, 132, 146, 149,
143, 141.
sum of all heights ( in mm )
Mean height of the girls =
Number of girls
135 + 150 + 139 + 128 + 151 + 132 + 146 + 149 + 143 + 141
=
10
1414
=
10
= 14.14 cm

(v) Five girls have heights more than the mean height i.e.: 150, 151, 146, 149, 143.
 Chapter- 3: Data Handling
Exercise 3.2 (Page 68 of Grade 7 NCERT)

Q1. The scores in mathematics test (out of 25) of 15 students are follows:
19, 25, 23, 20, 9, 20, 15, 10, 5, 16, 25, 20, 24, 12, 20.
Find the mode and median of the data. Are they same?

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Scores in mathematics test of 15 students

What is unknown:
The mode and median of the data

Reasoning:
Mode – Mode of a given data is that value of observation which occurs for the most
number of times.
Median = middle of observation (in this case, 8th observation)

Solution: -
Scores of 15 students in mathematics test are:
19, 25, 23, 20, 9, 20, 15, 10, 5 16, 25, 20, 24, 12, 20.
Arranging scores in ascending order, we get
5, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20, 20, 20, 20 , 23, 24, 25, 25

Mode – Mode of a given data is that value of observation which occurs for the most
number of times.
Therefore, 20 occurs most of the time.
∴ Mode = 20.

Median = middle of observation (in this case, 8th observation)

∴ Median = 20

Yes, mode and median of the given observations are same.

Q2. The runs scored in a cricket match by 11 Players are as follows:

6, 15, 120, 50, 100,80, 10,15, 8, 10, 15
Find the mean, median and mode of the data. Are they same?
Difficulty Level:
Easy

What is the given /known:

Runs scored in a cricket match by 11 Players
What is unknown:
The mean, median and mode of the data

Reasoning: Sum of all scores

Mean =
Total no. of players
Mode = Mode is the observation that occurs highest number of times

Median= Median is the middle observation

Solution: -
Total number of players = 11
Scores of players = 6, 15, 120, 50, 100,80, 10,15, 8, 10, 15
Sum of all scores
Mean =
Total no. of players
6 + 8 + 10 + 15 + 15 + 15 + 50 + 80 + 100 + 120
=
11
429
=
11
= 39
Thus, mean = 39.

Arranging the scores into ascending order, we get

6, 8, 10,10, 15, 15, 15, 50, 80, 100, 120

Mode is the observation that occurs highest number of times .

Here, 15 occurs 3 times.
∴ Mode =15.

Median is the middle observation

∴ Median = 15 (6th observation)

Thus, Mean = 39 , Mode= 15 and median =15.

No, the mean, mode and median are not same.

Q3. The weights (in kg) of 15 students of a class are:

38, 42, 35, 37, 45, 50, 32, 43,43, 40, 36, 38, 43, 38,47
(i) Find the median and mode of this data.
(ii) Is there more than one mode?

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

The weights (in kg) of 15 students of a class
What is unknown:
The median and mode of this data.

Reasoning:
Mode = Mode is the observation that occurs highest number of times
Median= Median is the middle observation

Solution: -
Total number of students =15
Weights of 15 students = 38, 42, 35, 37, 45, 50, 32, 43,43, 40, 36, 38, 43, 38, 47.
Arranging in ascending order,we get 32, 35, 36,37,38, 38,38,40, 42, 43, 43,43, 45, 47, 50

(i). Mode is the observation that occurred highest number of times.

Thus, 38 and 43 occur highest number of times.
∴ Mode = 38 and 43.
Also, median = 40 (8th observation)

(ii). Yes, there are two modes.

Q4. Find the mode and median of the data: 13, 16, 12, 14, 19, 12, 14, 13, 14.

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Given numbers

What is unknown:
The mode and median of the data

Reasoning:
Mode = Mode is the observation that occurs highest number of times
Median= Median is the middle observation

Solution: -
Given data = 13, 16, 12, 14, 19, 12, 14, 13, 14
Arranging the data in ascending order, we get 12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 16, 19.

∴ Mode is the observation that occurs highest number of times.

∴ Mode = 14

Also, median is the middle observation.

∴ Median = 14 (5th observation)
Q5. Tell whether the statement is true or false:
(i) The mode is always one of the numbers in a data.
(ii) The mean is one of the numbers in a data.
(iii) The median is one of the numbers in a data.
(iv) The data 6, 4, 3, 8, 9, 12, 13, 9, has mean 9.
Difficulty Level: Easy
Solution:

(i) True: Mode is the observations that occurs highest numbers of times. Therefore, it
is one observation in a data.
(ii) False: Mean may or may not be one of the numbers in a data.
(iii) True: Median is the middle observations of the given data when it is arranged in
ascending or descending order.
(iv) False: The given data 6, 4, 3, 8, 9, 12, 13, 9.
6 + 4 + 3 + 8 + 9 + 12 + 13 + 9
Mean =
8
64
=
8
=8
Therefore, mean is 8.
 Chapter- 3: Data Handling
Exercise 3.3

Q1. Use the bar graph (fig 3.3) to answers the following questions.
(i) Which is the most popular pet?
(ii) How many students have dog as a pet?

(Fig 3.3)

Difficulty Level: Easy

Solution: -
From the given bar graph in figure, we have
(i) Cats are the most popular pet among the students.
(ii) 8 students have dog as a pet animal.
Q2. Use the bar graph (fig 3.4) which shows the no. of books sold by a bookstore
during 5 consecutive years and answer the following questions:
(i) About how many books were sold in 1989, 1990, & 1992?
(ii) In which year about 475 books sold? About 225 books sold?
(iii) In which years were fewer than 250 books sold?
(iv) Can you explain how you would estimate the number of books sold
in 1989?

(v) (Fig 3.4)

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Number of books sold during five consecutive years.

Reasoning:
We can answer all the question by observing the bar graph.

Solution: -
From the given bar graph, we have
(i) In 1989, 180 books were sold.
In 1990, 475 books were sold.
In 1992, 225 books were sold.
(ii) In 1990 about 475 books were sold and in 1992, 225 books were sold.
(iii) In 1989 and 1992 fewer than 250 books were sold.
(iv) From the graph, we can conclude that 180 books were sold in 1989.
Q3. Number of children in six different classes is given below. Represent the data
on a bar graph.

Class Fifth Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth Tenth

Number of Children 135 120 95 100 90 80

a) How would you choose a scale?

b) Answer the following questions:
(i) Which class has the maximum number of children? And minimum?
(ii) Find the ratio of students of class sixth to the students of class eight?

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Number of children in different classes.

Reasoning:
We have to draw the graph by using the data.

Solution: -

a) Scale on y -axis is 1 unit = 10 children

b)
(i) Fifth class has maximum number of children i.e. 135
Tenth class has the minimum number of children i.e. 80
Number of students in class sixth = 120
(ii)
Number of students in class eighth = 100
 (iii)
Number of students in class sixth
Ratio =
Number of students in class eighth
120
=
100
6
=
5
= 6:5
Q4. The performance of a student in 1st term and 2nd terms is given. Draw a
double bar graph choosing appropriate scale and answer the following:

Subject English Hindi Maths Science S. Science

1st Term (M.M. 100) 67 72 88 81 73
2nd Term (M.M. 100) 70 65 95 85 75

(i) In which subject, has the child improved his performance the most?
(ii) In which subject improvement is the least?
(iii) Has the performance gone down in any subject?

Difficulty Level: Easy

What is the given /known:

Marks obtained in different subject

Reasoning:
We have to draw the graph by using the data.

Solution: -
Difference between the marks of 1st and 2nd term
English = 70 – 67 = 3
Hindi = 65 – 72 = -7 (Decrease in marks)
Math = 95 – 88 = 7
Science = 85 – 81= 4
Social Science = 75 – 73 =2
(i) In Math, the performance of the students improved the most.
(ii) In Social science, the performance of the students improved the least.
(iii) Yes, in Hindi the performance of the students has gone down.

Q5. Consider this data collected from a survey of a colony.

Favourite Sport Cricket Basketball Swimming Hockey Athletics

Watching 1240 470 510 430 250
Participating 620 320 320 250 105

(i) Draw a double bar graph choosing an appropriate scale.

What do you infer from the bar graph?
(ii) Which sport is most popular?
(iii) Which is more preferred, watching or participating in the sports?

Difficulty Level: Easy

Reasoning:
We have to draw the graph by using the data.

Solution: -

(i) This bar graph shows the number of persons who are watching and participating in
their favorite sports.
(ii) Cricket is the most popular sport.
(iii) Watching different sports is more preferred than participating in the sports.
Q 6. Take the data giving the maximum and minimum temperatures of various
cities given in the beginning of this chapter (Table 3.1). Draw a double bar
graph using the data and answer the following.
(i) Which city has the highest difference in the minimum and maximum
temperature on the given date?
(ii) Which is the hottest city and which is the coldest city?
(iii) Name two cities where maximum temperature of one was less than the
minimum temperature of the other.
(iv) Name the city which has the least difference between its minimum and
maximum temperature?

Difficulty Level: Easy

Solution: -

Temperature of cities as on 20.06.2006

City Maximum Minimum

Ahmedabad 38° c 29° c
Amritsar 37°c 26° c
Bangalore 28° c 21° c
Chennai 36° c 27° c
Delhi 38° c 28° c
Jaipur 39° c 29° c
Jammu 41° c 26° c
Mumbai 32° c 27° c
Difference between the maximum and minimum temperature on 20.06.2006
Ahmedabad = (38°c – 29°c) = 9°c
Amritsar = (37°c – 26°c) = 9°c
Bangalore = (28°c – 21°c) = 7°c
Chennai = (36°c – 27°c) = 9°c
Delhi = (38°c – 28°c) = 10°c
Jaipur = (39°c – 29°c) = 10°c
Jammu = (41°c – 26°c) = 15°c
Mumbai = (32°c – 27°c) = 5°c
(i) As, it is clear from the above calculation, Jammu has the largest difference in the
minimum and maximum temperature on the given data i.e. 15°c.
(ii) Jammu is the hottest city with 41°c and Bangalore is the coldest city with 21° c.
(iii) Bangalore and Jaipur or Bangalore and Ahmedabad are the two cities where
maximum temperature of one was less than the minimum temperature of other.
(iv) Mumbai has the least difference between its minimum and maximum temperature.
Maximum temperature = 32°c
Minimum temperature = 27°c
∴ Difference = (32°c – 27°c) = 5°c
 Chapter- 3: Data Handling
Exercise 3.4

Q1. Tell whether the following is certain to happen, impossible to happen, can
happen but not certain.
(i) You are older today than yesterday.
(ii) A tossed coin will land heads up.
(iii) A die when tossed shall land up with 8 on top.
(iv) The next traffic light seen will be green.
(v) Tomorrow will be a cloudy day.

Difficulty Level: Easy

Solution: -
(i) Event: You are older today than yesterday.
So, it is certain to happen.
(ii) Event: A tossed coin will land heads up.
Probability: when a coin is tossed, there are two chances of getting a {H}and{T}
So, it can happen but not certain.
(iii) Event: A die when tossed shall land up with 8 on top.
Probability: When a dice is tossed, there are only six chances i.e. {1,2,3,4,5,6,}
So, it is impossible.
(iv) Event: The next traffic light seen will be green.
Probability: {red} {green}
So, it is certain to happen.
(v) Event: Tomorrow will be a cloudy day.
So, it is certain to happen.

Q2. There are 6 marbles in a box with numbers from 1 to 6 marked on each of
them.
(i) What is the probability of drawing a marble with number 2?
(ii) What is the probability of drawing a marble with number 5?

Difficulty Level: Easy

Solution: -
Given, Total number of marbles from 1 to 6 marked a box=6
∴ n(S)=6
(i). Number of marbles marked with 2 = 1
∴ n(E)=1
n(E) 1
∴ P (probability of drawing a marble) = =
n(S ) 6
(ii). Number of marbles marked with 5= 1
∴ n(E)=1
∴ P (probability of drawing a marble) =
n(E) 1
=
n(S ) 6

Q3. A coin is flipped to decide which team starts the game. What is the probability
that your team will start?

Difficulty Level: Easy

Solution: -
A coin has two possible outcomes Head {H} and Tail {T}.
∴ n(S)=2

As, Probability of coming head or tail is equal.

So, Number of successful events: n(E) =1

n(E) 1
∴ P (starting game) = =
n(S ) 2