Course: Applied Mathematics for Business & Social Science (1429)

Semester: Spring, 2021

b) In a survey of 410 salespersons and 350 construction workers, it is found that 164 of the
salespersons and 196 of the construction workers were overweight. If a person is selected at
random from the group, what is the probability that:
(i) This person is overweight?
(ii) This person is a salesperson, given that the person is overweight?
(iii) This person is overweight, given that the person is a salesperson?

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 Course: Applied Mathematics for Business & Social Science (1429)
Semester: Spring, 2021
(iv) This person is a construction worker, given that the person is not overweight?
(v) This person is not overweight, given that the person is a construction worker
Sales person = 410
Overweight sales person = 164
Not Overweight sales person = 410 - 164 = 246
Construction worker 350
Overweight construction worker 196
Not overweight construction worker = 350 -196 = 154
Total Person = 410 + 350 = 760
Total Overweight = 164 + 196 = 360
Total Not overweight = 246 + 154 = 400
Probability Person is over weight = Total overweight / total person = 360/760
= 9/19
Probability person is salesperson, given that the person is over weight. = Overweight sales person / total
overweight = 164/360
= 41/90
Probability person is over weight, given that the person is a salesperson
= Overweight Sales person / total Sales person
= 164 / 410
= 82/205
Probability person is a construction worker, given that the person is not over weight. = not overweight
construction worker / total not overweight
= 196/400
= 49/100
Probability person is not over weight, given that the person is a construction worker = not overweight
construction worker / Construction worker
= 196/350
= 14/25
Q.2 a) A random variable X is defined by the function:

P( X ) 
4!
 
1 for X  0,1,2,3,4
X !(4  X )! 16
Set up, in tabular form, the probability distribution for X.

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 Course: Applied Mathematics for Business & Social Science (1429)
Semester: Spring, 2021

b) Find a formula for the probability distribution of the number of boys in families with three
children assuming equal probabilities for boys and girls.
We have 3 children, with each one possibly being a boy or a girl. And so for each child, the probability of being
a boy is ½ as is the probability of being a girl ½.
Therefore, for there to be all boys, the probability is:
P (all boys)=1/2×1/2×1/2=1/8
The probability of all three children being girls is the same as that as being all boys, 1/8. And so the probability
of the children being all boys or all girls is:
P (all boys or all girls) =1/8+1/8=1/4
Q.3 a) Sketch the plane representing 0 x  y  4 z  4

b) The average size of farms in the United States increased from 100 acres in 1920 to 700 acres in

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 Course: Applied Mathematics for Business & Social Science (1429)
Semester: Spring, 2021
1980. Let y be the average size x years after 1900. In what year was the average size 400 acres?
Number of years = 1980 – 1920 = 60
Total growth in farm size between (1920-1980) = 700 acres
Average yearly growth in farm size (x) = (700 acres – 100 acres)/ 60 = 600/60 = 10 acres
Therefore:
10 acres X 30 years = 300 acres
1920 + 30years = 1950
Q.4 a) Sketch the graph of each of the following linear functions.
(i) Graph passes through the point (2,-1) with slope of 3.

(ii) Graph passes through the point (-3,-2) with slope of -1.

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 Course: Applied Mathematics for Business & Social Science (1429)
Semester: Spring, 2021
(iii) Graph passes through the point (2,4) with slope of 0.

(iv) Graph passes through the point (5,0) with undefined slope.

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 Course: Applied Mathematics for Business & Social Science (1429)
Semester: Spring, 2021
b) Solve:
(i) x  12  4  x

x-12 = 4-x
x+x = 4+12
2x = 16
x=8
(ii) 5x  3  9

-9<5x-3>9
2 solution are possible
5x-3 = -9
5x = -6
x = -6 / 5
5x-3 = 9
5x = 12
x = 12 / 5
Q.5 a) Suppose that the demand and price for a certain brand of shampoo are related by,
5
p  16  q
4
Where p is price in dollars and q is demand.
(i) Find the price for a demand of: 0 units; 8 units

(ii) Find the demand for the shampoo at a price of: $6, $11, $16

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 Course: Applied Mathematics for Business & Social Science (1429)
Semester: Spring, 2021

5
(iii) Graph: p  16   q
4

(b) Suppose the price and supply of the shampoo are related by,
3
p q
4
Where q represents the supply, and p the price.
(iv) Find the supply when the price is: $0, $10, $20

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 Course: Applied Mathematics for Business & Social Science (1429)
Semester: Spring, 2021

3
(v) Graph p  q on the same axes used for part (iii)
4

(vi) Find the equilibrium supply

(vii) Find the equilibrium price.